Page 1

PERHITUNGAN KEKUATAN BOX

CULVERT

1m REV : 00
UKURAN : 2000x2000mm. T=40cm L=2.0m
BEBAN : Axle Load 70 Ton DATE : 29/12/2021

1 Dimensions and Parameters

PTM

Gwd
D

t2

H
Hf H

Hf
t3
t1 B t1

Basic Parameters Basic Dimensions

Ka: Coefficient of static earth pressure 0,5 H: Internal Height of Box Culvert 2,00 m
gw: Unit weight of water (t/m3) 1,00 t/m3 B: Internal Width of Box Culvert 2,00 m
gd: Unit weight of soil (dry) (t/m3) 1,60 t/m3 Hf: Chamfer Height 0,20 m
gs: Unit weight of soil (saturated) (t/m3) 1,92 t/m3 t1: Thickness of Side Wall 0,400 m
gc: Unit weight of reinforced concrete (t/m3) 2,40 t/m3 t2: Thickness of Top Slab 0,400 m
sck:Concrete Design Strength 400 kgf/m2 t3: Thickness of Invert (Bottom Slab) 0,400 m
Allowable Stress of Concrete [0.85f'c] 340 kgf/m2 BT: Gross Width of Box Culvert 2,80 m
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar [fy] 4.200 kgf/m2 HT: Gross Height of Box Culvert 2,80 m
ta: Allowable Stress of Shearing (Concrete) 9,60 kgf/m2 D: Covering Depth 0,40 m
ssy:Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar 4.200 kgf/m2 Gwd: Underground Water Depth 1,50 m
n: Young's Modulus Ratio 10 hiw: Internal Water[ Case
Depth1, 2 ] 0,25 m
Fa: Safety factor against uplift 1,2 [ Case 1, 2 ] 2,00 m

Cover of R-bar Live Load Factor ( fL ) := 1,80

Top Slab d2 0,025 m Dead Load Factor ( fD ) := 1,20
Side Wall d1 0,025 m
Bottom Slab d3 0,025 m
 Dimension of frame Basic
Page 2 Conditions
Classification of Live load by truck 5
t1 B t1 Axle Load 70 Ton
Ii: Impact coeff. 29%
t
D1
PTM': Truck load of Middle Tire 35,00 t
t2 am: Ground contact length of Middle Tire 0,10 m
bm: Ground contact width of Middle Tire 0,25 m

PTR: Truck load of Rear Tire 35,00 t

ar: Ground contact length of Rear Tire 0,10 m
H H0
br: Ground contact width of Rear Tire 0,25 m

PTF: Truck load of Front wheel 8,75 t

af: Ground contact length of Front Tire 0,10 m
t3 bf: Ground contact width of Front Tire 0,25 m

qp: Superimposed Dead Load 0,50 t/m2

B0
Height of frame Ho = t2/2 + H + t3/2 2,400 m
Width of frame Bo = B + t1 2,400 m
Calculated Depth D1 = D + t2/2 0,600 m

Load distribution of truck tire

(1) Middle tire's acting point: center of the top slab

a) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire 21,892 tf/m2,
2PTM(1+Ii)(2B0-bm')/(am'B0^2) =
B: 2,400 m
am': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bm ) 2,800 m
bm': width of distributed load ( 2D+am ) 0,900 m
b) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire 0,0000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
B: 0,000 m
ar': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+br ) 2,800 m
br': width of distributed load ( 2D+ar ) 0,900 m
c) distributed load of front tire
Pvtf: distributed load of front tire 0,000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
B: 0,000
af': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bf ) 2,800 m
bf': width of distributed load ( 2D+af ) 0,900 m

(2) Middle tire's acting point: on the side wall

a) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire 35,926 tf/m2,
2PTM(1+Ii)/(am'bm') =
B: 2,400 m
am': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bm ) 2,800 m
bm': width of distributed load ( 2D+am ) 0,900 m
b) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire 0,0000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
B: 0,000 m
ar': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+br ) 2,800 m
br': width of distributed load ( 2D+ar ) 0,900 m

c) distributed load of front tire

Pvtf: distributed load of front tire 0,000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
 B: Page 3 0,000 m
af': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bf ) 2,800 m
bf': width of distributed load ( 2D+af ) 0,900 m

(3) Rear tire's acting point: on the side wall

a) distributed load of rear tire
Pvtr: distributed load of rear tire 35,926 tf/m2,
2PTR(1+Ii)/(ar'br') =
B: 2,400 m
ar': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bm ) 2,800 m
br': width of distributed load ( 2D+am ) 0,900 m
b) distributed load of middle tire
Pvtm: distributed load of middle tire 0,0000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
B: 0,000 m
am': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+br ) 2,800 m
bm': width of distributed load ( 2D+ar ) 0,900 m
c) distributed load of front tire
Pvtf: distributed load of front tire 0,0000 tf/m2,
not reach to top slab
B: 0,000 m
af': length of distributed load ( 2D+1.75+bf ) 2,800 m
bf': width of distributed load ( 2D+af ) 0,900 m

(4) Combination of load distribution of track tire

Case.L1: Pvt1 = 21,89 tf/m2, B= 2,40 m

Pvt2 = 0,00 tf/m2, B= 0,00 m
Case.L2: Pvt1 = 35,93 tf/m2, B= 2,40 m
Pvt2 = 0,00 tf/m2, B= 0,00 m

Combination for Case.L2 (2) (2) (3) (3)

a) + b) a) + c) a) + b) a) + c)
Distributed load total 35,93 35,93 35,93 35,93
Select the combination case of 35,93 tf/m2,
for Case.L2, which is the largest load to the top slab.

In case of covering depth (D) is over 3.0m,

uniform load of 1.0 tf/m2 is applied on the top slab of culvert instead of live load calculated above.

Distribution load by pedestrian load

Pvt1 = 0,500 tf/m2

2 Stability Analysis Against Uplift

Analysis is made considering empty inside of box culvert.
Fs=Vd/U > Fa Fs= 2,353 > 1,2 ok
where, Vd: Total dead weight (t/m) Vd= 11,200 tf/m
U: Total uplift (t.m)
U=BT*(HT+D-GWD)*gw U= 4,760 tf/m
Ws: Weight of covering soil 1,792 tf/m
BT*{(D-Gwd)*(gs-gw)+Gwd*gd}
Wc: Self weight of box culvert 9,408 tf/m
(HT*BT-H*B+2*Hf^2)*gc
Fa: Safety factor against uplift Fa= 1,2

3 Load calculation
Case 1: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L1

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= fDL .(t2*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wtop= 1,39
 Pvd=fDL. gwd*gd+(D-gwd)*gs atau Pvd=fDL.D*g Pvd=
Page 4 0,77
Pvt1 . fLL Pvt1= 39,41
Pvt2 . fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Pv1= 41,57
2) horizontal load at top of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=fLL. Ka*we1 P1= 0,00 we1= 0,0000 tf/m2
P2=fLL. Ka*we2 P2= 0,00 we2= 0,0000 tf/m2
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*D1 P3= 0,58
P4=fDL.0 P4= 0,00
P5=fDL.0 P5= 0,00
Ph1= 0,58
3) horizontal load at bottom of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 0,00
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*Gwd P3= 1,44
P4=fDL. Ka*gs*(D1+H0-Gwd) P4= 1,73
P5=fDL.gw*(D1+H0-Gwd) P5= 1,80
Ph2= 4,97
4) self weight of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=fDL.t1*H*gc Wsw= 2,30

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=fDL.(t3*BT+Hf2)*gc/B0 Wbot= 1,39
Wtop .fDL Wtop= 1,39
Ws=fDL.Wsw*2/B0 Ws= 1,92
Pvd.fLL Pvd= 0,77
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 39,41
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00 hiw: internal water depth 0,25 m
Wiw=(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*gw/B0 Wiw= 0,19
Up=-U/B0 U= -1,98
Q= 43,09
summary of resistance moment
Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m)
Self weight top slab 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
side wall (left) 2,30 - 0,00 - 0,00
side wall (right) 2,30 - 2,40 - 5,53
invert 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
load on top slab Pvd 1,84 - 1,20 - 2,21
Pvt1 94,57 - 1,20 - 113,49
Pvt2 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
soil pressure side wall (left) - 6,65 - 0,88 5,88
side wall (right) - -6,65 - 0,88 -5,88
internal water 0,46 - 1,20 - 0,55
uplift -4,76 - 1,20 - -5,71
total 103,41 124,09

6) load against invert acting point of resultant force

Acting Load (tf/m2) X = SM/SV = 1,200 m
Pvd 0,77 e = B0/2 - X = 0,000 m
Pvt1 39,41
Pvt2 0,00 ground reaction
Wtop 1,39 q1 = SV/Bo + 6SVe/Bo^2 =43,0865 tf/m2
Ws 1,92 q2 = SV/Bo - 6SVe/Bo^2 =43,0865 tf/m2
Pq= 43,49
Case 2: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground
Page 5Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L2

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= fDL.(t2*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wtop= 1,39
Pvd=fDL.D*gd Pvd= 0,64
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 64,67
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Pv1= 66,70
2) horizontal load at top of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 32,33 we1= 35,93 tf/m2
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00 we2= 0,00 tf/m2
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*D1 P3= 0,58
P4=fDL.0 P4= 0,00
P5=fDL.0 P5= 0,00
Ph1= 32,91
3) horizontal load at bottom of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 32,33
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*Gwd P3= 1,44
P4=fDl.Ka*gs*(D1+H0-Gwd) P4= 1,73
P5=fDL.gw*(D1+H0-Gwd) P5= 1,80
Ph2= 37,30
4) self weight of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=fDL.t1*H*gc Wsw= 2,30

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=fDL.(t3*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wbot= 1,39
Wtop.fDL Wtop= 1,39
Ws=fDL.Wsw*2/B0 Ws= 1,92
Pvd.fDL Pvd= 0,64
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 64,67
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Wiw=fDL.(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*gw/B0 Wiw= 0,19 hiw: internal water depth 0,25 m
Up=-U/B0 U= -1,98
Q= 68,22

summary of resistance moment

Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m)
Self weight top slab 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
side wall (left) 2,30 - 0,00 - 0,00
side wall (right) 2,30 - 2,40 - 5,53
invert 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
load on top slab Pvd 1,54 - 1,20 - 1,84
Pvt1 155,20 - 1,20 - 186,24
Pvt2 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
soil pressure side wall (left) - 84,25 - 1,17 99,00
side wall (right) - -84,25 - 1,17 -99,00
internal water 0,46 - 1,20 - 0,55
uplift -4,76 - 1,20 - -5,71
total 163,73 196,47

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2) acting point of resultant force
Pvd 0,64 X = SM/SV = 1,20 m
Pvt1 64,67 e = B0/2 - X = 0,00 m
Pvt2 0,00
Wtop 1,39 ground reaction
 Ws 1,92 q1 =6SV/Bo + 6SVe/Bo^2 = 68,22 tf/m2
Page
total Pq= 68,62 q2 = SV/Bo - 6SVe/Bo^2 = 68,22 tf/m2

Case 3: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L1

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= fDL.(t2*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wtop= 1,392
Pvd=fDL.D*gd Pvd= 0,640
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 39,406
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,000
Pv1= 41,438

2) horizontal load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 0,000 we1= 0,000 tf/m2
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00 we2= 0,000 tf/m2
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*D1 P3= 0,58
WP=-gw*0.fDL P4= 0,00
Ph1= 0,58

3) horizontal load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 0,00
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*(D1+H0) P3= 2,88
WP=-gw*H.fDL P4= -2,40
Ph2= 0,48

4) self weight of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=fDL.t1*H*gc Wsw= 2,3040

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=fDL.(t3*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wbot= 1,39
Wtop.fDL Wtop= 1,39
Ws=fDL.Wsw*2/B0 Ws= 1,92
Pvd.fDL Pvd= 0,64
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 39,41
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Wiw=fDL.(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*gw/B0 Wiw= 1,63 hiw: internal water depth 2,00 m
Up=0 U= 0,00
Q= 46,38
summary of resistance moment
Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m)
Self weight top slab 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
side wall (left) 2,30 - 0,00 - 0,00
side wall (right) 2,30 - 2,40 - 5,53
invert 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
load on top slab Pvd 1,54 - 1,20 - 1,84
Pvt1 94,57 - 1,20 - 113,49
Pvt2 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
soil pressure side wall (left) - 1,27 - 1,24 1,57
side wall (right) - -1,27 - 1,24 -1,57
internal water 3,92 - 1,20 - 4,70
uplift 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
total 111,32 133,58

6) load against invert

Acting Load (tf/m2) acting point of resultant force
1,2000
 Pvd 0,64 X=7
Page SM/SV = 0,0000 m
Pvt1 39,41 e = B0/2 - X = m
Pvt2 0,00
Wtop 1,39 ground reaction 46,3835
Ws 1,92 q1 = SV/Bo + 6SVe/Bo^2 =46,3835 tf/m2
total Pq= 43,36 q2 = SV/Bo - 6SVe/Bo^2 = tf/m2

Case 4: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L2

1) vertical load against top slab

Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wtop= fDL.(t2*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wtop= 1,39
Pvd=fDL.D*gd Pvd= 0,77
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 64,67
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Pv1= 66,83

2) horizontal load at top of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2) Horizontal pressure by track tire
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 32,33 we1= 35,9259 tf/m2
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00 we2= 0,0000 tf/m2
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*D1 P3= 0,58
WP=-gw*0.fDL P4= 0,00
Ph1= 32,91

3) horizontal load at bottom of side wall

Acting Load (tf/m2)
P1=fLL.Ka*we1 P1= 32,33
P2=fLL.Ka*we2 P2= 0,00
P3=fDL.Ka*gd*(D1+H0) P3= 2,88
WP=-gw*H.fDL P4= -2,40
Ph2= 32,81
4) self weight of side wall
Acting Load (tf/m)
Wsw=fDL.t1*H*gc Wsw= 2,30

5) ground reaction
Acting Load (tf/m2)
Wbot=fDL.(t3*BT+Hf^2)*gc/B0 Wbot= 1,39
Wtop.fDL Wtop= 1,39
Ws=fDl.Wsw*2/B0 Ws= 1,92
Pvd.fdL Pvd= 0,77
Pvt1.fLL Pvt1= 64,67
Pvt2.fLL Pvt2= 0,00
Wiw=fLL.(hiw*B-2Hf^2)*gw/B0 Wiw= 1,63 hiw: internal water depth 2,000 m
Up=0 U= 0,00
Q= 71,77
summary of resistance moment
Item V H x y M
(tf/m) (tf/m) (m) (m) (tf.m/m)
Self weight top slab 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
side wall (left) 2,30 - 0,00 - 0,00
side wall (right) 2,30 - 2,40 - 5,53
invert 3,34 - 1,20 - 4,01
load on top slab Pvd 1,84 - 1,20 - 2,21
Pvt1 155,20 - 1,20 - 186,24
Pvt2 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
soil pressure side wall (left) - 78,87 - 1,20 94,69
side wall (right) - -78,87 - 1,20 -94,69
internal water 3,92 - 1,20 - 4,70
uplift 0,00 - 1,20 - 0,00
total 172,25 206,70

6) load against invert

 Acting Load (tf/m2) acting
Page 8 point of resultant force
Pvd 0,77 X = SM/SV = 1,20 m
Pvt1 64,67 e = B0/2 - X = 0,00 m
Pvt2 0,00
Wtop 1,39 ground reaction
Ws 1,92 q1 = SV/Bo + 6SVe/Bo^2 = 71,77 tf/m2
total Pq= 68,75 q2 = SV/Bo - 6SVe/Bo^2 = 71,77 tf/m2

Summary of Load Calculation

Item Pv1 Ph1 Ph2 Pq Wsw q1
Case (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m2) (tf/m) (tf/m2)
Case.1 41,6 0,6 5,0 43,5 2,3 43,1
Case.2 66,7 32,9 37,3 68,6 2,3 68,2
Case.3 41,4 0,6 0,5 43,4 2,3 46,4
Case.4 66,8 32,9 32,8 68,7 2,3 71,8
4 Analysis of Plane Frame

Case 1: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L1

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 0,576 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 4,968 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 41,566 tf/m2
Pv2 Vertical Pressure(2) on top slab 0,000 tf/m2
Pq Reaction to bottom slab 43,486 tf/m2
a Distance from joint B to far end of Pv2 2,400 m B (t2) C
b Distance from joint B to near end of Pv2 0,000 m
H0 Height of plane frame 2,400 m
H0 (t1) (t1)
B0 Width of plane frame 2,400 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0,400 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0,400 m A (t3) D
t3 Thickness of invert (bottom slab) 0,400 m
B0

CAB = CDC = (2Ph1+3Ph2)H02/60 = 1,54138 tf･m

2
CBA = CCD = (3Ph1+2Ph2)H0 /60 = 1,11974 tf･m
2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 2
CBC = CCB = Pv1B0 /12 + {(a -b )B0 /2 - 2B0(a -b )/3 + (a -b )/4}Pv2/B0 = 19,95178 tf･m
2
CDA = CAD = PqB0 /12 = 20,87338 tf･m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1,0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1,0000
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1,0000

2(k1+k3) k1 0 k3 -3k1 qA CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) k2 0 -3k1 qB CBC - CBA
0 k2 2(k1+k2) k1 -3k1 qC = CCD - CCB
k3 0 k1 2(k1+k3) -3k1 qD CDA - CDC
k1 k1 k1 k1 -4k1 R 0

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

qA = -qD qB = -qC R =0

2k1+k3 k1 qA CAB - CAD

=
k1 2k1+k2 qB CBC - CBA

3,0000 1,0 qA -19,33200450

=
1,0 3,0000 qB 18,83203650

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below.

qA = -9,60351 qC = -9,47851
qB = 9,47851 qD = 9,60351
 MAB = k1(2qA +qB) - CAB = -11,2699 tf･m
MBA = k1(2qB+qA)+CBA = 10,4733 tf･m
MBC = k2(2qB+qC) - CBC = -10,4733 tf･m
MCB = k2(2qC+qB)+CCB = 10,4733 tf･m
MCD = k1(2qC+qD) - CCD = -10,4733 tf･m
MDC =k1 (2qD+ qC)+CDC = 11,2699 tf･m
MDA = k3(2qD+qA) - CDA = -11,2699 tf･m
MAD = k3(2qA+qD)+CAD = 11,2699 tf･m

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall in left
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA
w2
w1 Load at end A 4,968 tf/m2
w2 Load at end B 0,576 tf/m2 B
MAB Bending moment at end A -11,2699 tf･m
MBA Bending moment at end B 10,4733 tf･m
L
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m x
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m A
w1
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L MAB
= 4,537 tf
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -2,116 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 1,325 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -1,169 tf

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -11,270 tf･m
MB = -MBA = -10,473 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 4,5367 -4,9680 x + 0,9150 x2 , x = 4,268
1,162
Bending moment at x = 1,1618 m is;
Mmax = SABx - w1x /2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB
2
= -8,874 tf・m
2-2) Top Slab
a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load 41,566 tf/m2

a
w2 Uniform load 0,000 tf/m2 b
a Distance from end B to near end of w2 0,000 m
b Length of uniform load w2 2,400 m
MBC Bending moment at end B -10,4733 tf･m w2
MCB Bending moment at end C 10,4733 tf･m
L Length of member (=Bo) 2,400 m w1
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m B C
d Effective height of member 0,375 m
MBC x MCB
SBC = (w1L+w2b)/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 49,879 tf L
SCB = SBC -w1L - w2b = -49,879 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.

Sx = SBC - w1x - w2(x-a) in case of 0,000 m <= x <= 2,400 m

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 18,705 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -18,705 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -10,473 tf･m
MC = -MCB = -10,473 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the center of member due to symmetry loading distribution.
Bending moment at x = 1,200 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 - w2(x-a)2/2 + MBC = 19,454 tf・m

2-3) Side Wall in right

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Load at end C 0,576 tf/m2 MCD

w2 Load at end D 4,968 tf/m2
w1
MCD Bending moment at end C -10,4733 tf･m C
MDC Bending moment at end D 11,2699 tf･m L x
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m D w2
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m MDC

SCD = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 2,116 tf
SDC = SCD - L(w1+w2)/2 = -4,537 tf
 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 1,169 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -1,325 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = -10,473 tf･m
MD = -MDC = -11,270 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 2,1161 -0,5760 x -0,9150 x2 , x = -1,868
1,238
Bending moment at x = 1,2382 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MCD = -8,874 tf・m

2-4) Bottom Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction at end D 43,486 tf/m2

w2 Reaction at end A 43,486 tf/m2 L
MDA Bending moment at end B -11,26987 tf･m MAD x MDA
MAD Bending moment at end C 11,26987 tf･m
L Length of member (=B0) 2,400 m A D
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m w2 w1

SDA = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 52,183 tf
SAD = SDA - L(w1+w2)/2 = -52,183 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 19,569 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -19,569 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -11,270 tf･m
MA = -MAD = -11,270 tf･m
The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SDA - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 52,1835 -43,4862 x , x = 1,200

Bending moment at x = 1,2000 m is;

Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MDA = 20,040 tf・m
Case 2: Box Culvert Inside is Empty, Underground Water up to Top slab, Track load Case. L2

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 32,909 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 37,301 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 66,699 tf/m2
Pv2 Vertical Pressure(2) on top slab 0,000 tf/m2
Pq Reaction to bottom slab 68,619 tf/m2
a Distance from joint B to far end of Pv2 2,400 m B (t2) C
b Distance from joint B to near end of Pv2 0,000 m
H0 Height of plane frame 2,400 m
H0 (t1) (t1)
B0 Width of plane frame 2,400 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0,400 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0,400 m A (t3) D
t3 Thickness of invert (bottom slab) 0,400 m
B0

CAB = CDC = (2Ph1+3Ph2)H02/60 = 17,06136 tf･m

2
CBA = CCD = (3Ph1+2Ph2)H0 /60 = 16,63973 tf･m
2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 2
CBC = CCB = Pv1B0 /12 + {(a -b )B0 /2 - 2B0(a -b )/3 + (a -b )/4}Pv2/B0 = 32,01533 tf･m
2
CDA = CAD = PqB0 /12 = 32,93693 tf･m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1,0
3 3
k2 = H0t2 /(B0t1 ) = 1,00000
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1,00000

2(k1+k3) k1 0 k3 -3k1 qA CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) k2 0 -3k1 qB CBC - CBA
0 k2 2(k1+k2) k1 -3k1 qC = CCD - CCB
k3 0 k1 2(k1+k3) -3k1 qD CDA - CDC
k1 k1 k1 k1 -4k1 R 0

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

qA = -qD qB = -qC R =0

2k1+k3 k1 qA CAB - CAD

=
k1 2k1+k2 qB CBC - CBA

3,0000 1,0 qA -15,87556800

=
1,0 3,0000 qB 15,37560000

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below.

qA = -7,87529 qC = -7,75030
qB = 7,75030 qD = 7,87529
 MAB = k1(2qA +qB) - CAB = -25,0616 tf･m
MBA = k1(2qB+qA)+CBA = 24,2650 tf･m
MBC = k2(2qB+qC) - CBC = -24,2650 tf･m
MCB = k2(2qC+qB)+CCB = 24,2650 tf･m
MCD = k1(2qC+qD) - CCD = -24,2650 tf･m
MDC =k1 (2qD+ qC)+CDC = 25,0616 tf･m
MDA = k3(2qD+qA) - CDA = -25,0616 tf･m
MAD = k3(2qA+qD)+CAD = 25,0616 tf･m

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall in left
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA
w2
w1 Load at end A 37,301 tf/m2
w2 Load at end B 32,909 tf/m2 B
MAB Bending moment at end A -25,0616 tf･m
MBA Bending moment at end B 24,2650 tf･m
L
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m x
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m A
w1
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L MAB
= 43,3367 tf
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -40,9160 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 15,875 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,65 m
Sx2 = -15,719 tf

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -25,062 tf･m
MB = -MBA = -24,265 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 43,3367 -37,3013 x + 0,9150 x2 , x = 39,570
1,197
Bending moment at x = 1,1969 m is;
Mmax = SABx - w1x /2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB
2
= 0,613 tf・m
2-2) Top Slab
a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load 66,699 tf/m2

a
w2 Uniform load 0,000 tf/m2 b
a Distance from end B to near end of w2 0,000 m
b Length of uniform load w2 2,400 m
MBC Bending moment at end B -24,2650 tf･m w2
MCB Bending moment at end C 24,2650 tf･m
L Length of member (=Bo) 2,400 m w1
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m B C
d Effective height of member 0,375 m
MBC x MCB
SBC = (w1L+w2b)/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 80,038 tf L
SCB = SBC -w1L - w2b = -80,038 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.

Sx = SBC - w1x - w2(x-a) in case of 0,000 m <= x <= 2,400 m

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 30,014 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -30,014 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -24,265 tf･m
MC = -MCB = -24,265 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the center of member due to symmetry loading distribution.
Bending moment at x = 1,200 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 - w2(x-a)2/2 + MBC = 23,758 tf・m

2-3) Side Wall in right

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Load at end C 32,909 tf/m2 MCD

w2 Load at end D 37,301 tf/m2
w1
MCD Bending moment at end C -24,2650 tf･m C
MDC Bending moment at end D 25,0616 tf･m L x
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m D w2
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m MDC

SCD = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 40,916 tf
SDC = SCD - L(w1+w2)/2 = -43,337 tf
 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 15,719 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -15,875 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = -24,265 tf･m
MD = -MDC = -25,062 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 40,9160 -32,9093 x -0,9150 x2 , x = -37,1695
1,2031
Bending moment at x = 1,2031 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MCD = 0,6126 tf・m

2-4) Bottom Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction at end D 68,619 tf/m2

w2 Reaction at end A 68,619 tf/m2 L
MDA Bending moment at end B -25,0616 tf･m MAD x MDA
MAD Bending moment at end C 25,0616 tf･m
L Length of member (=B0) 2,400 m A D
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m w2 w1

SDA = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 82,342 tf
SAD = SDA - L(w1+w2)/2 = -82,342 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 30,878 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -30,878 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -25,062 tf･m
MA = -MAD = -25,062 tf･m
The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SDA - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 82,3423 -68,6186 x , x = 1,2000

Bending moment at x = 1,2000 m is;

Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MDA = 24,344 tf・m
Case 3: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L1

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 0,576 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 0,480 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 41,438 tf/m2
Pv2 Vertical Pressure(2) on top slab 0,000 tf/m2
Pq Reaction to bottom slab 43,358 tf/m2
a Distance from joint B to far end of Pv2 2,400 m B (t2) C
b Distance from joint B to near end of Pv2 0,000 m
H0 Height of plane frame 2,400 m
H0 (t1) (t1)
B0 Width of plane frame 2,400 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0,400 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0,400 m A (t3) D
t3 Thickness of invert (bottom slab) 0,400 m
B0

CAB = CDC = (2Ph1+3Ph2)H02/60 = 0,24883 tf･m

2
CBA = CCD = (3Ph1+2Ph2)H0 /60 = 0,25805 tf･m
2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 2
CBC = CCB = Pv1B0 /12 + {(a -b )B0 /2 - 2B0(a -b )/3 + (a -b )/4}Pv2/B0 = 19,89034 tf･m
2
CDA = CAD = PqB0 /12 = 20,81194 tf･m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1,0
3 3
k2 = H0t2 /(B0t1 ) = 1,00000
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1,00000

2(k1+k3) k1 0 k3 -3k1 qA CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) k2 0 -3k1 qB CBC - CBA
0 k2 2(k1+k2) k1 -3k1 qC = CCD - CCB
k3 0 k1 2(k1+k3) -3k1 qD CDA - CDC
k1 k1 k1 k1 -4k1 R 0

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

qA = -qD qB = -qC R =0

2k1+k3 k1 qA CAB - CAD

=
k1 2k1+k2 qB CBC - CBA

3,0000 1,0 qA -20,56310850

=
1,0 3,0000 qB 19,63229250

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below.

qA = ####### qC = -9,93250
qB = 9,93250 qD = 10,16520
 MAB = k1(2qA +qB) - CAB = ####### tf･m
MBA = k1(2qB+qA)+CBA = 9,95784 tf･m
MBC = k2(2qB+qC) - CBC = -9,95784 tf･m
MCB = k2(2qC+qB)+CCB = 9,95784 tf･m
MCD = k1(2qC+qD) - CCD = -9,95784 tf･m
MDC =k1 (2qD+ qC)+CDC = 10,64674 tf･m
MDA = k3(2qD+qA) - CDA = ####### tf･m
MAD = k3(2qA+qD)+CAD = 10,64674 tf･m

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall in left
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA
w2
w1 Load at end A 0,480 tf/m2
w2 Load at end B 0,576 tf/m2 B
MAB Bending moment at end A -10,6467 tf･m
MBA Bending moment at end B 9,9578 tf･m
L
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m x
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m A
w1
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L MAB
= 0,901 tf
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -0,366 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 0,530 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = 0,055 tf

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -10,647 tf･m
MB = -MBA = -9,958 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 0,9014 -0,4800 x + -0,0200 x2 , x = -25,750
1,750
Bending moment at x = 1,7503 m is;
Mmax = SABx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB = -9,840 tf・m
2-2) Top Slab
a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load 41,438 tf/m2

a
w2 Uniform load 0,000 tf/m2 b
a Distance from end B to near end of w2 0,000 m
b Length of uniform load w2 2,400 m
MBC Bending moment at end B -9,958 tf･m w2
MCB Bending moment at end C 9,958 tf･m
L Length of member (=Bo) 2,400 m w1
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m B C
d Effective height of member 0,375 m
MBC x MCB
SBC = (w1L+w2b)/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 49,726 tf L
SCB = SBC -w1L - w2b = -49,726 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.

Sx = SBC - w1x - w2(x-a) in case of 0,000 m <= x <= 2,400 m

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 18,647 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -18,647 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -9,958 tf･m
MC = -MCB = -9,958 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the center of member due to symmetry loading distribution.
Bending moment at x = 1,200 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 - w2(x-a)2/2 + MBC = 19,878 tf・m

2-3) Side Wall in right

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Load at end C 0,576 tf/m2 MCD

w2 Load at end D 0,480 tf/m2
w1
MCD Bending moment at end C -9,958 tf･m C
MDC Bending moment at end D 10,647 tf･m L x
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m D w2
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m MDC

SCD = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 0,366 tf
SDC = SCD - L(w1+w2)/2 = -0,901 tf
 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = -0,055 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -0,530 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = -9,958 tf･m
MD = -MDC = -10,647 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 0,3658 -0,5760 x + 0,0200 x2 , x = 28,15
0,650
Bending moment at x = 0,6497 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MCD = -9,840 tf・m

2-4) Bottom Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction at end D 43,358 tf/m2

w2 Reaction at end A 43,358 tf/m2 L
MDA Bending moment at end B -10,647 tf･m MAD x MDA
MAD Bending moment at end C 10,647 tf･m
L Length of member (=B0) 2,400 m A D
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m w2 w1

SDA = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 52,030 tf
SAD = SDA - L(w1+w2)/2 = -52,030 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 19,511 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -19,511 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -10,647 tf･m
MA = -MAD = -10,647 tf･m
The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SDA - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 52,0299 -43,3582 x , x = 1,200

Bending moment at x = 1,2000 m is;

Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MDA = 20,571 tf・m
Case 4: Box Culvert Inside is Full, Underground Water up to invert, Track load Case. L2

1) Calculation of Load Term

Ph1 Horizontal Pressure at top of side wall 32,909 tf/m2
Ph2 Horizontal Pressure at bottom of side wall 32,813 tf/m2
Pv1 Vertical Pressure(1) on top slab 66,827 tf/m2
Pv2 Vertical Pressure(2) on top slab 0,000 tf/m2
Pq Reaction to bottom slab 68,747 tf/m2
a Distance from joint B to far end of Pv2 2,400 m B (t2) C
b Distance from joint B to near end of Pv2 0,000 m
H0 Height of plane frame 2,400 m
H0 (t1) (t1)
B0 Width of plane frame 2,400 m
t1 Thickness of side wall 0,400 m
t2 Thickness of top slab 0,400 m A (t3) D
t3 Thickness of invert (bottom slab) 0,400 m
B0

CAB = CDC = (2Ph1+3Ph2)H02/60 = 15,76882 tf･m

2
CBA = CCD = (3Ph1+2Ph2)H0 /60 = 15,77803 tf･m
CBC = CCB = Pv1B02/12 + {(a2-b2)B02/2 - 2B0(a3-b3)/3 + (a4-b4)/4}Pv2/B02 = 32,07677 tf･m
2
CDA = CAD = PqB0 /12 = 32,99837 tf･m

2) Calculation of Bending Moment at joint

k1 = 1,0
k2 = H0t23/(B0t13) = 1,00000
k3 = H0t33/(B0t13) = 1,00000

2(k1+k3) k1 0 k3 -3k1 qA CAB - CAD

k1 2(k1+k2) k2 0 -3k1 qB CBC - CBA
0 k2 2(k1+k2) k1 -3k1 qC = CCD - CCB
k3 0 k1 2(k1+k3) -3k1 qD CDA - CDC
k1 k1 k1 k1 -4k1 R 0

As load has bilateral symmetry, the equation shown below is formed.

qA = -qD qB = -qC R =0

2k1+k3 k1 qA CAB - CAD

=
k1 2k1+k2 qB CBC - CBA

3,0000 1,0 qA -17,22955200

=
1,0 3,0000 qB 16,29873600

By solving above equation, the result is led as shown below.

qA = -8,49842 qC = -8,26572
qB = 8,26572 qD = 8,49842
 MAB = k1(2qA +qB) - CAB = ####### tf･m
MBA = k1(2qB+qA)+CBA = 23,81105 tf･m
MBC = k2(2qB+qC) - CBC = ####### tf･m
MCB = k2(2qC+qB)+CCB = 23,81105 tf･m
MCD = k1(2qC+qD) - CCD = ####### tf･m
MDC =k1 (2qD+ qC)+CDC = 24,49994 tf･m
MDA = k3(2qD+qA) - CDA = ####### tf･m
MAD = k3(2qA+qD)+CAD = 24,49994 tf･m

2) Calculation of Design Force

2-1) Side Wall in left
a) Shearing Force at joint MBA
w2
w1 Load at end A 32,813 tf/m2
w2 Load at end B 32,909 tf/m2 B
MAB Bending moment at end A -24,500 tf･m
MBA Bending moment at end B 23,811 tf･m
L
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m x
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m A
w1
SAB = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MAB+MBA)/L MAB
= 39,701 tf
SBA = SAB - L(w1+w2)/2 = -39,166 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 15,080 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,65 m
Sx2 = -14,495 tf

c) Bending Moment
MA = MAB = -24,500 tf･m
MB = -MBA = -23,811 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SAB - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 39,7014 -32,8133 x + -0,0200 x2 , x = ########
1,209
Bending moment at x = 1,2090 m is;
Mmax = SABx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MAB = -0,494 tf・m
2-2) Top Slab
a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Uniform load 66,827 tf/m2

a
w2 Uniform load 0,000 tf/m2 b
a Distance from end B to near end of w2 0,000 m
b Length of uniform load w2 2,400 m
MBC Bending moment at end B -23,811 tf･m w2
MCB Bending moment at end C 23,811 tf･m
L Length of member (=Bo) 2,400 m w1
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m B C
d Effective height of member 0,375 m
MBC x MCB
SBC = (w1L+w2b)/2-(MBC+MCB)/L = 80,192 tf L
SCB = SBC -w1L - w2b = -80,192 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.

Sx = SBC - w1x - w2(x-a) in case of 0,000 m <= x <= 2,400 m

(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m

Sx1 = 30,072 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -30,072 tf

c) Bending Moment
MB = MBC = -23,811 tf･m
MC = -MCB = -23,811 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the center of member due to symmetry loading distribution.
Bending moment at x = 1,200 m is;
Mmax = SBCx - w1x2/2 - w2(x-a)2/2 + MBC = 24,304 tf・m

2-3) Side Wall in right

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Load at end C 32,909 tf/m2 MCD

w2 Load at end D 32,813 tf/m2
w1
MCD Bending moment at end C -23,811 tf･m C
MDC Bending moment at end D 24,500 tf･m L x
L Length of member (=H0) 2,400 m
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m D w2
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m MDC

SCD = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MCD+MDC)/L

= 39,166 tf
SDC = SCD - L(w1+w2)/2 = -39,701 tf
 b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint
Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 14,4950 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -15,0802 tf

c) Bending Moment
MC = MCD = -23,811 tf･m
MD = -MDC = -24,500 tf･m

The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SCD - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 39,1657 -32,9093 x + 0,0200 x2 , x = 1644,3
1,191
Bending moment at x = 1,1910 m is;
Mmax = SCDx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MCD = -0,494 tf・m

2-4) Bottom Slab

a) Shearing Force at joint

w1 Reaction at end D 68,747 tf/m2

w2 Reaction at end A 68,747 tf/m2 L
MDA Bending moment at end B -24,500 tf･m MAD x MDA
MAD Bending moment at end C 24,500 tf･m
L Length of member (=B0) 2,400 m A D
ch Protective covering height 0,025 m
t Thickness of member (height) 0,400 m
d Effective height of member 0,375 m w2 w1

SDA = (2w1+w2)L/6 - (MDA+MAD)/L

= 82,496 tf
SAD = SDA - L(w1+w2)/2 = -82,496 tf

b) Shearing Force at 2d point from joint

Shearing force at the point with a distance of 2d from joint is calculated by following equation.
Sx = SDA- w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
(i) In case of x1 = 0,750 m
Sx1 = 30,936 tf
(ii) In case of x2 = 1,650 m
Sx2 = -30,936 tf

c) Bending Moment
MD = MDA = -24,500 tf･m
MA = -MAD = -24,500 tf･m
The maximum bending moment occurs at the point of that shearing force equal to zero.
Sx = 0 = SDA - w1x - (w2 - w1)x2/(2L)
= 82,4959 -68,7466 x , x = 1,200

Bending moment at x = 1,2000 m is;

Mmax = SDAx - w1x2/2 - (w2-w1)x3/(6L) + MDA = 24,998 tf・m
Summary of Internal forces

Momen Ult Normal Ult Shear Ult.

Check Mu Nu Su (tf)
Member Case
Point (tf･m) (tf) at joint at 2d
Side wall A -11,270 52,183 4,537 1,325
(left) Case.1 Middle -8,874 51,068 0,000 -
B -10,473 49,879 -2,116 -1,169
A -25,062 82,342 43,337 15,875
Case.2 Middle 0,613 81,193 0,000 -
B -24,265 80,038 -40,916 -15,719
A -10,647 52,030 0,901 0,530
Case.3 Middle -9,840 50,350 0,000 -
B -9,958 49,726 -0,366 0,055
A -24,500 82,496 39,701 15,080
Case.4 Middle -0,494 81,335 0,000 -
B -23,811 80,192 -39,166 -14,495
Top slab B -10,473 2,116 49,879 18,705
Case.1 Middle 19,454 2,116 0,000 -
C -10,473 2,116 -49,879 -18,705
B -24,265 40,916 80,038 30,014
Case.2 Middle 23,758 40,916 0,000 -
C -24,265 40,916 -80,038 -30,014
B -9,958 0,366 49,726 18,647
Case.3 Middle 19,878 0,366 0,000 -
C -9,958 0,366 -49,726 -18,647
B -23,811 39,166 80,192 30,072
Case.4 Middle 24,304 39,166 0,000 -
C -23,811 39,166 -80,192 -30,072
Side wall C -10,473 49,879 2,116 1,169
(right) Case.1 Middle -8,874 51,068 0,000 -
D -11,270 52,183 -4,537 -1,325
C -24,265 80,038 40,916 15,719
Case.2 Middle 0,613 81,193 0,000 -
D -25,062 82,342 -43,337 -15,875
C -9,958 49,726 0,366 -0,055
Case.3 Middle -9,840 50,350 0,000 -
D -10,647 52,030 -0,901 -0,530
C -23,811 80,192 39,166 14,495
Case.4 Middle -0,494 81,335 0,000 -
D -24,500 82,496 -39,701 -15,080
Invert D -11,270 4,537 52,183 19,569
Case.1 Middle 20,040 4,537 0,000 -
A -11,270 4,537 -52,183 -19,569
D -25,062 43,337 82,342 30,878
Case.2 Middle 24,344 43,337 0,000 -
A -25,062 43,337 -82,342 -30,878
D -10,647 0,901 52,030 19,511
Case.3 Middle 20,571 0,901 0,000 -
A -10,647 0,901 -52,030 -19,511
D -24,500 39,701 82,496 30,936
Case.4 Middle 24,998 39,701 0,000 -
A -24,500 39,701 -82,496 -30,936
REBAR CALCULATION
SCHEME OF REQUIRED REBAR STEEL DESIGN

As-2 As-2
As-3 Steel #3

Steel #1 Steel
As-1 As-1 Steel #4
Steel #2

As-4'
As-4

Steel #2
As-1' As-1'

As-2' As-3' As-2'

REQUIRED REINFORCEMENT FOR DESIGN BASE ON CALCULATION

Item Side wall Side wall Top slab Invert Side wall Side wall Top slab Invert
Point bottom top end end middle middle middle middle
Side outside outside outside outside inside inside inside inside
Notation As-1' As-1 As-2 As-2' As-4 As-4' As-3 As-3'
Minimim Steel Area 819 785 1.216 1.247 0 0 1.357 1.400
(mm2)
Actual Steel Design 3.368 3.368 4.032 3.501 2.174 2.174 2.970 2.970
(mm2)
Status OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

STEEL ARRANGMENT DESIGN

Steel #1/1"
Diameter (mm) 19 0 0 0 0 19 19 19 19
Disntance (mm) 150 0 0 0 0 150 150 150 150
Area (mm2) 2174 0 0 0 0 2174 2174 2174 2174
Steel #2/2'
Diameter (mm) 19 19 19 19 19 0 0 0 0
Disntance (mm) 150 150 150 150 150 0 0 0 0
Area (mm2) 2174 2174 2174 2174 2174 0 0 0 0
Steel #3
Diameter (mm) 13 0 0 13 13 0 0 13 13
Disntance (mm) 200 0 0 200 200 0 0 200 200
Area (mm2) 796 0 0 664 664 0 0 796 796
Steel #4/4"
Diameter (mm) 13 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0
Disntance (mm) 200 200 200 200 200 0 0 0 0
Area (mm2) 796 664 664 664 664 0 0 0 0
Steel #5/#5'
Diameter (mm) 13 13 13 13 0 0 0 0 0
Disntance (mm) 250 250 250 250 0 0 0 0 0
Area (mm2) 664 531 531 531 0 0 0 0 0
Steel #6/6'
Diameter (mm) 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Disntance (mm) 250 0 0 150 0 0 0 150 0
Area (mm2) 664 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0