CASTILLO, BARON

GEOFF N.
RATING:
DORIANO, RON-LEE
JONES C. POWER REQUIRED AT SEA
LEVEL AND ALTITUDE
B.S. AERO ENG/ 4TH YEAR 19 NOVEMBER 2021

TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 9

AeE 673
AIRCRAFT DESIGN 1

ENGR. ROI ALLAN A. BERNARDO

INSTRUCTOR
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I. INTRODUCTION
For an aircraft to move, fly, and perform, work must act upon it. Work involves
force moving the aircraft. The aircraft acquires mechanical energy when it moves.
Mechanical energy comes in two forms: Kinetic Energy which is the energy of speed and
Potential Energy which is the stored energy of position. Aircraft motion is described by
its velocity, on the other hand, an aircraft’s position is described by its height. [1]
In aircraft performance the terms “thrust” and “power” are important variables
that hugely affects this field. This technical report solely focuses on the aspect of power
with regards to the performance of an aircraft. Power is defined as the measurement of
the rate of performing work or transferring energy. Power is typically measured in
horsepower (hp) or kilowatts (kw). [1] In this paper the designers aim to determine the
power required at sea level and at different altitudes. The relationship of power and
altitude is said to be directly proportional, thus, this means an increase in altitude also
means an increase in power requires. [2]
Technical Report No. 9 starts with acquiring the values needed in the
computation of the power required. The said values are the gross weight, wing area,
maximum coefficient of lift, and the polar drag equation. After which, the density ratio
for sea level and different altitudes are shown through a table. For the next part, an
explanation of each component of the succeeding tables are thoroughly explained
through the different equations and formulas portrayed. On the latter part, three tables
are featured in which the power required for the different altitudes are shown and so
as the various components that were used to compute for such. Lastly, from the values
computed, a graph is obtained which shows the power required and altitude variation.
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II. GIVEN VALUES

Gross Weight, W : 3,815.882 lb [3]
[4]
Wing Area, SW : 203.620 ft 2
Maximum Coefficient of Lift, CLmax : 1.61 [5]
[6]
Polar Drag Equation : CD = 0.02831 + 0.0510 (CL − 0.013)2

III. COMPUTED VALUES

Given:
°R
a = −0.003566
ft
h = altitude
TO = 519 °R

Altitude, h Density Ratio, 𝛔

Sea level 1.0

5,000 ft 0.8616
10,000 ft 0.7384

15,000 ft 0.6292

20,000 ft 0.5327
25,000 ft 0.4480

30,000 ft 0.3741

where:

ρ ah 4.26
σ= = (1 + )
ρO TO
slug
ρO = 0.002377 3
ft
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IV. EXPLANATION OF TABLE

1 VS to 250 kts
2W
VS = √
ρO SW CLmax
2 (1) × 1.688
2W
3 CL =
ρO SW (2)2
4 CD = 0.02831 + 0.0510 [(3) − 0.013]2
(4)
5 TREQ′D = W [ ]
(3)
(5)(2)
6 THPREQ′D =
550
(1)
7 V=
√σ5,000
(6)
8 THPREQ′D =
√σ5,000
(1)
9 V=
√σ10,000
(6)
10 THPREQ′D =
√σ10,000
(1)
11 V =
√σ15,000
(6)
12 THPREQ′D =
√σ15,000
(1)
13 V=
√σ20,000
(6)
14 THPREQ′D =
√σ20,000
(1)
15 V =
√σ25,000
(6)
16 THPREQ′D =
√σ25,000
(1)
17 V =
√σ30,000
(6)
18 THPREQ′D =
√σ30,000
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V. TABLE FOR POWER REQUIRED

SEA LEVEL
1 2 3 4 5 6
V V CL CD TREQ′D THPREQ′D
kts fps - - lb hp
58.63 98.97 1.610 0.15838 375.38 67.55
60 101.28 1.537 0.14676 364.36 67.10
70 118.16 1.129 0.09183 310.37 66.68
80 135.04 0.865 0.06533 288.20 70.76
90 151.92 0.683 0.05120 286.05 79.01
100 168.80 0.553 0.04318 297.96 91.45
110 185.68 0.457 0.03836 320.30 108.13
120 202.56 0.384 0.03533 351.08 129.30
130 219.44 0.327 0.03334 389.06 155.23
140 236.32 0.282 0.03200 433.01 186.05
150 253.20 0.246 0.03108 482.10 221.94
160 270.08 0.216 0.03041 537.23 263.81
170 286.96 0.191 0.02993 597.95 311.98
180 303.84 0.171 0.02958 660.08 364.65
190 320.72 0.153 0.02931 731.00 426.27
200 337.60 0.138 0.02911 804.93 494.08
210 354.48 0.125 0.02895 883.76 569.59
220 371.36 0.114 0.02883 965.02 651.58
230 388.24 0.105 0.02874 1044.46 737.27
240 405.12 0.096 0.02866 1139.20 839.11
250 422.00 0.089 0.02860 1226.23 940.85
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5,000 FT 10,000 FT 15,000 FT

7 8 9 10 11 12
V THPREQ′D V THPREQ′D V THPREQ′D
kts hp kts hp kts hp
63.16 72.77 68.23 78.61 73.91 85.16
64.64 72.29 69.82 78.09 75.64 84.59
75.41 71.84 81.46 77.60 88.25 84.06
86.19 76.23 93.10 82.35 100.85 89.21
96.96 85.12 104.74 91.95 113.46 99.61
107.73 98.52 116.37 106.42 126.07 115.29
118.51 116.49 128.01 125.83 138.68 136.32
129.28 139.30 139.65 150.47 151.28 163.01
140.05 167.23 151.29 180.65 163.89 195.70
150.83 200.44 162.92 216.51 176.50 234.55
161.60 239.10 174.56 258.28 189.10 279.80
172.37 284.21 186.20 307.00 201.71 332.58
183.15 336.10 197.83 363.06 214.32 393.31
193.92 392.85 209.47 424.36 226.92 459.71
204.69 459.23 221.11 496.07 239.53 537.39
215.47 532.29 232.75 574.98 252.14 622.88
226.24 613.63 244.38 662.85 264.74 718.07
237.01 701.96 256.02 758.27 277.35 821.44
247.78 794.28 267.66 857.99 289.96 929.46
258.56 904.00 279.30 976.50 302.56 1057.85
269.33 1013.60 290.93 1094.90 315.17 1186.11
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20,000 FT 25,000 FT 30,000 FT

13 14 15 16 17 18
V THPREQ′D V THPREQ′D V THPREQ′D
kts hp kts hp kts hp
80.33 92.55 87.60 100.92 95.86 110.44
82.21 91.94 89.64 100.25 98.10 109.71
95.91 91.36 104.58 99.62 114.45 109.02
109.61 96.95 119.52 105.72 130.80 115.69
123.31 108.25 134.46 118.04 147.15 129.18
137.01 125.30 149.40 136.63 163.50 149.52
150.71 148.15 164.34 161.55 179.85 176.79
164.41 177.16 179.28 193.18 196.19 211.40
178.12 212.68 194.22 231.92 212.54 253.79
191.82 254.91 209.17 277.97 228.89 304.18
205.52 304.08 224.11 331.59 245.24 362.86
219.22 361.45 239.05 394.14 261.59 431.32
232.92 427.45 253.99 466.11 277.94 510.07
246.62 499.61 268.93 544.80 294.29 596.19
260.32 584.04 283.87 636.86 310.64 696.93
274.02 676.95 298.81 738.17 326.99 807.80
287.73 780.41 313.75 850.99 343.34 931.25
301.43 892.74 328.69 973.48 359.69 1065.30
315.13 1010.15 343.63 1101.51 376.04 1205.40
328.83 1149.68 358.57 1253.66 392.39 1371.91
342.53 1289.08 373.51 1405.66 408.74 1538.25
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VI. GRAPH OF POWER REQUIRED AND ALTITUDE VARIATION

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VII. END NOTES

[1] https://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/phak/medi

a/13_phak_ch11.pdf
[2] https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/101104007/Module2/Lec7.pdf
[3] Baron Geoff N. Castillo & Ron-lee Jones C. Doriano. Technical Report No.6 – Landing

Gear Sizing and Calculated Weights.

[4] Baron Geoff N. Castillo & Ron-lee Jones C. Doriano. Technical Report No.3 –

Preliminary Sizing and Three Views.

[5] Baron Geoff N. Castillo & Ron-lee Jones C. Doriano. Technical Report No.2 – Airfoil

Selection and Analysis.

[6] Baron Geoff N. Castillo & Ron-lee Jones C. Doriano. Technical Report No.8 – Initial

Estimate for Polar Drag Equation.