11

IA-CARPENTRY NCII
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Strip Formworks of Building Components
Quarter 2- Week 1

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IA-CARPENTRY – Grade 11
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Strips Formworks of Building Components
Quarter 2- Week 1

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Development Team of the Activity Sheet

Writers: Vincent Geford A. Elbancol
Editors: Jonathan F. Marticio
Reviewers: Annette Michelle M. Meremilla
Graphic Designer: George P. Gamboa
Management Team: Leonardo D. Zapanta EdD, CESO V
Michelle Ablian-Mejia EdD
Manolito B. Basilio EdD
Jay D. Morados
Garry M. Achacoso
Rachelle C. Diviva

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 Stripping Formworks of
Building Component

Introduction

Every structure undergoes certain procedures. These procedures ensure the

quality and efficiency of the structure, and most importantly the workers’ safety
during construction.
In this Guided Learning Activity Kit, you will learn the different functions and
factors of curing, and the procedures in formwork removal.

Learning Competency

LO 2. Strip Formworks of Building Components

2.1. Remove formwork components and accessories safely and sequentially after
curing period

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 Objectives

At the end of this guided learning activity kit, you should be able to:
1. identify the functions and main factors of curing;
2. determine the different types of form and its removal time; and
3. give importance to the procedure in removing concrete formworks.

Review

Identification: Identify the following. Write your answers in your Activity

Notebook.
1. 4.

2. 5.

3.

PREASSESSMENT
Modified True or False
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect.
Then write the correct answer.
1. Curing plays an important role on strength development and durability of
concrete.
2. Ponding is typically used to cure flat surfaces on smaller jobs.
3. Spraying and fogging are used when the ambient temperatures are well above
freezing and the humidity is High.
4. Membrane-forming curing compounds are used to retard or reduce evaporation
of moisture from concrete.
5. Impervious paper and plastic sheets can be applied on thoroughly wetted
concrete.

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 Discussion

Curing plays an important role on strength development and durability of

concrete. Curing takes place immediately after concrete placing and finishing, and
involves maintenance of desired moisture and temperature conditions, both at depth
and near the surface, for extended period. Properly cured concrete has an adequate
amount of moisture for continued hydration and development of strength, volume
stability, resistance to freezing and thawing, and abrasion and scaling resistance.

The length of adequate curing time is dependent on the following factors:

• Mixture proportions
• Specified strength
• Size and shape of concrete member
• Ambient weather conditions
• Future exposure conditions
Slabs on ground (e.g. pavements, sidewalks, parking lots, driveways, floors, canal
linings) and structural concrete (e.g. bridge decks, piers, columns, beams, slabs,
small footings, cast-in-place walls, retaining walls) require a minimum curing period
of seven days for ambient temperatures above 40 degrees Fahrenheit 1
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 301 recommends a minimum curing
period corresponding to concrete attaining 70 percent of the specified compressive
strength2. The often specified seven-day curing commonly corresponds to
approximately 70 percent of the specified compressive strengths. The 70 percent
strength level can be reached sooner when concrete cures at higher temperatures or
when certain cement/admixture combinations are used. Similarly, longer time may
be needed for different material combinations and/or lower curing temperatures. For
this reason, ACI Committee 308 recommends the following minimum curing periods .

• ASTM C 150 Type I cement seven days

• ASTM C 150 Type II cement ten days
• ASTM C 150 Type III cement three days
• ASTM C 150 Type IV or V cement 14 days
• ASTM C 595, C 845, C 1157 cements
variable
• Effect of curing duration on compressive
strength development is presented in Figure 1.

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There are three main functions of curing:
1) Maintaining mixing water in concrete during the early hardening process
Ponding and immersion
Ponding is typically used to cure flat surfaces on smaller jobs. Care should be
taken to maintain curing water temperature at not more than 20 degrees Fahrenheit
cooler than the concrete to prevent cracking due to thermal stresses. Immersion is
mainly used in the laboratory for curing concrete test specimens.

Spraying and fogging

Spraying and fogging are used when the ambient temperatures are well above
freezing and the humidity is low. Fogging can minimize plastic shrinkage cracking
until the concrete attains final set.

Saturated wet coverings

Wet coverings saturated with water should be used after concrete has
hardened enough to prevent surface damage. They should be kept constantly wet.

Left in Place Forms

Left in place forms usually provide satisfactory protection against moisture loss for
formed concrete surfaces. The forms are usually left in place if the construction
schedule allows. If the forms are made of wood, they should be kept moist, especially
during hot, dry weather.
2) Reducing the loss of mixing water from the surface of the concrete

Covering concrete with impervious paper or plastic sheets

Impervious paper and plastic sheets can be applied on thoroughly wetted
concrete. The concrete surface should be hard enough to prevent surface damage
from placement activities.

Applying membrane-forming curing compounds

Membrane-forming curing compounds are used to retard or reduce
evaporation of moisture from concrete. They can be clear or translucent and white
pigmented. White-pigmented compounds are recommended for hot and sunny
weather conditions to reflect solar radiation. Curing compounds should be applied
immediately after final finishing. Curing compound shall comply with ASTM
C3094 or ASTM C13155.
3) Accelerating strength gain using heat and additional moisture
Live steam
Live steam at atmospheric pressure and high-pressure steam in autoclaves
are the two methods of steam curing. Steam temperature for live steam at
atmospheric pressure should be kept at about 140 degrees Fahrenheit or less until
the desired concrete strength is achieved.

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Heating coils
Heating coils are usually used as embedded elements near the surface of
concrete elements. Their purpose is to protect concrete from freezing during cold
weather concreting.
Electrical heated forms or pads
Electrical heated forms or pads are primarily used by precast concrete
producers.
Concrete blankets
Concrete insulation blankets are used to cover and insulate concrete surfaces
subjected to freezing temperatures during the curing period. The concrete should be
hard enough to prevent surface damage when covering with concrete blankets.
Other forms of curing include internal moist curing with lightweight
aggregates or absorbent polymer particles. For mass concrete elements (usually
thicker than 3 feet), a thermal control plan is usually developed to help control
thermal stresses. Additional information can be found in ACI Committee 308
report Guide to Curing Concrete3. For specialty concretes, it is recommended to refer
to other ACI reports as follows:
• Refractory concrete ACI 547.1R
• Refractory concrete ACI 547.1R
• Insulating concrete ACI 523.1R
• Expansive cement concrete ACI 223
• Roller-compacted concrete ACI 207.5R
• Architectural concrete ACI 303R
• Shotcrete ACI 506.2
• Fiber-reinforced concrete ACI 544.3R
• Vertical slipform construction ACI 313

Curing in either cold or hot weather requires additional attention. In cold

weather, some of the procedures include heated enclosures, evaporation reducers,
curing compounds, and insulating blankets. The temperature of fresh concrete shall
be above 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The curing period for cold weather concrete is longer
than the standard period due to reduced rate of strength gain. Compressive strength
of concrete cured and maintained at 50 degrees Fahrenheit is expected to gain
strength half as quickly as concrete cured at 73 degrees Fahrenheit. In hot weather,
curing and protection are critical due to rapid moisture loss from fresh concrete. The
curing actually starts before concrete is placed by wetting substrate surfaces with
water. Sunscreens, windscreens, fogging, and evaporation retardants can be used
for hot weather concrete placements. Since concrete strength gain in hot weather is
faster, curing period may be reduced. Additional information can be found in ACI
306.1, Standard Specification for Cold Weather Concreting, ACI 306R, Cold Weather
Concreting, ACI 305.1, Specification for Hot Weather Concreting, and ACI 305R, Hot
Weather Concreting.

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 The removal of concrete formwork also called as strike-off or stripping of
formwork should be carried out only after the time when concrete has gained
sufficient strength, at least twice the stress to which the concrete may be subjected
to when the formworks are removed
Forms should not be removed until the concrete has sufficiently hardened in
order that it can carry safely its own weight and any other live loads it is subjected
to.
The supporting period (period between placing of concrete in forms and removal of
forms) differ according to the type of cement used and the design of formwork. In
general structures carrying construction loads, side timbers shall not be removed
within 7 days and supporting timbers within 28 days of placing of concrete.
In no circumstances shall forms be stuck until the concrete reaches’ strength
of at least twice the stress to which the concrete may be subjected at the time of
striking.
The strength referred to shall be that of concrete using the same cement and
aggregates, with the same proportions, and cured under conditions of temperature
and moisture like those existing on the work. Where possible, the formwork should
be left longer, as it would assist the curing.
In normal circumstances (generally where temperatures are above 20 0C), and
where ordinary cement is used, forms may be struck after expiry of following periods.
Type of Form Removal Time Period
Walls, columns, and vertical sides of 24 to 48 hours as may be decided by the
beams engineer-in-charge.
Slabs (props left under) 3 days
Beam soffits (props left under) 7 days
Removal of props to slabs (Spanning up 7 days
to 4.5 m)
Removal of props to slabs (Spanning 14 days
over 4.5 m)
Removal of props to beams and arches 14 days
(Spanning up to 6 m)
Removal of props to beams and arches 21 days
(Spanning over 6 m)

For rapid hardening cement, 3/7 of the above period will be sufficient in all
cases except vertical sides of slabs, beams and columns which should be retained
for 24 hours.
All formworks should be removed without shock or vibration as this would
damage the reinforced concrete. Before the soffit and struts are removed, the
concrete surface should be exposed, where necessary to ascertain that the concrete
has sufficiently hardened. Proper precautions should be taken to allow for the
decrease in the rate of hardening that occurs with all elements in the cold weather.

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 Procedure for form work removal
1. Allow the concrete to dry before removing the forms. ...
2. Remove forms starting at the top of sloping slabs. ...
3. Remove the stakes from the ground that support the forms with a stake
puller to avoid damaging the stakes or the forms.
4. Pull the forms away from the sides of the concrete slab using as little force as
necessary.

Activities

Guided Practice 1
Directions: Put the correct removal time period for each given type of form. Write
your answers on your answer sheet.

1. Beam soffits (props left under)

2. Slabs (props left under)

3. Walls, columns and vetical sides of beams

4. Removal of props to beams and arches (Spanning

up to 6 m)
5. Removal of props to slabs (Spanning over 4.5 m)
6. Removal of props to slabs (Spanning up to 4.5 m)

7. Removal of props to beams and arches (Spanning

over 6 m)

Guided Practice 2
Direction: Enumerate the following and Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1.What are the three main functions of curing?
2. What are the main factor to follow regarding the adequate length of curing?
3.Give the procedures on how to remove the form work.

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 Assessment

Directions: Identify the following and write your answers on your answer sheet.
_____________1. Are used to retard or reduce evaporation of moisture from concrete.
They can be clear or translucent and white pigmented.
_____________2. Is typically used to cure flat surfaces on smaller jobs. Care should
be taken to maintain curing water temperature at not more than 20
degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the concrete to prevent cracking due
to thermal stresses.
_____________3. Should not be removed until the concrete has sufficiently hardened
in order that it can carry safely its own weight and any other live
loads it is subjected to.
_____________4. Are used to cover and insulate concrete surfaces subjected to
freezing temperatures during the curing period
_____________5. usually provide satisfactory protection against moisture loss for
formed concrete surfaces. The forms are usually left in place if the
construction schedule allows.
_____________6. Also called as strike-off or stripping of formwork.
_____________7. Are usually used as embedded elements near the surface of concrete
elements. Their purpose is to protect concrete from freezing during
cold weather concreting.
_____________8. Are primarily used by precast concrete producers.
_____________9. Should be used after concrete has hardened enough to prevent
surface damage.
_____________10. Are used when the ambient temperatures are well above freezing
and the humidity is low.

Reflection

Directions: Read and reflect on the following questions, then write your answers on
your answer sheet.
1. What is the important role of curing?
2. Why is it important to follow the procedure in removing concrete formwork?

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 References

Teve Kosmatka et al, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, 15th Edition,
EB001, PCA Engineering Bulletin EB 001, Portland Cement Association , Skokie, IL
2002

Specifications for Structural Concrete, ACI 301 (www.concrete.org)

Guide to Curing Concrete, ACI 308R-01 (www.concrete.org)

ASTM C309, Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for

Curing Concrete (www.astm.org)

STRIPPING FORMWORKS COMPONENTS

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
Jacobo Z. Gonzales Memorial School of Arts and Trades San Antonio, Biñan
City JZGMSATQASYSTEM
Carpentry NCII

CIVILBLOG.ORG

WWW.TESDA.com

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 Key to Corrections

REVIEW
1. chalkline
2. wrench
3.plumbob
4. hammer
5. level hose

PRE-TEST
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T

GUIDED PRACTICE 1
1. 7 days
2. 3 days
3. 24 to 48 hours
4. 14 days
5. 7 days
6. 14 days
7. 21 days

GUIDED PRACTICE 2
1. 2
2. 1
3. 4
4. 3

ASSESSTMENT
1. applying membrane
2. ponding and immersion
3. form
4. concrete blanket
5. left in place
6. formwork
7. heating coil
8. electrical heated
9. spraying and fogging

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 Acknowledgment
The Schools Division of Zambales would like to express its heartfelt gratitude
to the following, who in one way or the other, have contributed to the successful
preparation, development, quality assurance, printing, and distribution of the
Quarter 2 Guided Learning Activity Kits (GLAKs) in all learning areas across grade
levels as a response to providing the learners with developmentally-appropriate,
contextualized and simplified learning resources with most essential learning
competencies (MELCs)-based activities anchored on the principles of guided learning
and explicit instruction:

First, the Learning Resources (LR) Development Team composed of the writers
and graphic artists for devoting much of their time and exhausting their best efforts
to produce these indispensable learning kits used for the implementation of learning
delivery modalities.

Second, the content editors, language reviewers, and layout evaluators

making up the Division Quality Assurance Team (DQAT) for having carefully
evaluated all GLAKs to ensure quality and compliance to DepEd standards;

Third, the Provincial Government of Zambales, for unceasingly extending its

financial assistance to augment the funds for the printing of these learning resources
for use by learners and parents at home;

Fourth, the teacher-advisers and subject teachers, in close coordination with

the school heads, for their weekly distribution and retrieval of the GLAKs and for
their frequent monitoring of the learners’ progress through various means; and

Finally, the parents and other home learning facilitators for giving the learners
the needed guidance and support for them to possibly accomplish the tasks and for
gradually helping them become independent learners.

To deliver learning continuity in this challenging circumstance would not be

possible without your collective effort and strong commitment to serving our
Zambaleño learners.

Again, our sincerest thanks!

The Management Team

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