Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

8
MUSIC
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
(MUSIC OF SOUTH ASIA and MIDDLE EAST)

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
 What I Need To Know
At the end of this Module you are expected to:
1. Listens perceptively to music of South Asia and Middle East (MU8W5-IIIa-
h-2)
2. Analyses the musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces
heard and performed (MU8WS-IIIc-h-4)
3. Explore ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would
simulate instruments being studied (MU8WS-IIIc-h-5)

What’s In
ACTIVITY 1:
Do you remember?

List down the prominent features of the vocal and instrumental music of East Asian Countries
(Japan, China and Korea).
Vocal Music Instrumental Music
JAPAN
CHINA
KOREA

What’s New
ACTIVITY 2: Listen to the Music of South Asia and Middle East.
Identify what country that the type of music belong.
1. Audio/Visual Activity:
 Carnatic Flute- Tamboori by Heramba and Hemantha
www.youtube.com./watch?v=GvWkHsfXFGQ
 Carnatic Vocal, www.carnaticsangeetham.com
2. Audio/Visual Activity:
 rahat fateh ali khan-best qawwali, www.youtube.com
 nusrat fateh ali khan- best qawwali, www.youtube.com
 What Is It

INDIA

 Is the largest country in South Asia. Its music is as vast as its geographic location and as
large as its demographic population. The music of India reflects different aspects of
Asian culture through its timbre, rhythm, melody, texture, form, and style. In general,
Indian music remains fundamental to the lives of the people of India as a source of
spiritual inspiration, cultural expression, and
entertainment.

VOCAL MUSIC
 Includes Carnatic and Hindustani Music.
 Includes several types of folk and popular music.
 Uses Melesmatic singing with nasal vocal quality.
 Samagana is a traditional singing style of India. Used to sing sacred text: Sama Veda and
Rig Veda.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL MUSIC FROM INDIA
1. CARNATIC MUSIC
 refers to music from South India.
 directed to a Hindu god, which is why it is called “temple music”
 unlike Hindustani music, Carnatic music is unified where schools are based on
the same ragas, the same solo instruments (veena, flute, violin) and the same
rhythm instrument (mridangam and ghatam)
 music pieces are mainly set for the voice and with lyrics.
 compositions called krti are devotional songs.
 ADDITION
 Carnat
 Carnat

2. HINDUSTANI MUSIC
 goes back to Vedic period times around 1000 BC
 further developed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences and from
existing religious and folk music
 predominantly found in the northern and central regions
 influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic religion/Vedic philosophy,
native Indian sounds and enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Mughal era
 nasal singing is observed in their vocal music
 in North India, the most common style of singing is called khyal, a word which means
imagination
Additional Audio/Visual Activity
 Hindustani Classical Music, www.wildfilmindia.com
 Pt. Bhimsen Joshi-Classical Vocal, www.youtube.com

After learning about the vocal music of India, the next topic will help you learn the
instrumental music of India.
…

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
 Instrumental music is often similar to vocal music but sometimes they have distinctive
instrumental styles. There are five known traditional systems for classification of
instruments.
Classification of Musical Instruments from India:
1. Ghan – described as a non-membranous percussive instrument but with solid resonators.
It is one of the oldest classes of instrument in India. It may also be a melodic instrument
or instruments to keep tal.

2. Avanaddh – Describe as a membranous percussive instrument. This class of instruments

typically comprise the drums
 3. Sushir – Also know as “blown air” . It is characterized by the use of air to excite the
various resonators.
4. Tat – Referred to as vina during the old civilization. Instruments in this class are plucked
(stringed intruments).

5. Vitat – described as bowed stringed instruments. This is of the oldest classifications of

instruments and yet did not occupy a place in classical Indian music until the last few
centuries.
TALA
Rhythm plays an important role in Indian music. It is fundamental to the
creation of any musical system. Certainly, from a historical stand point,
rhythm existed many centuries ago before the word “rag” was ever used. Given this
historical pre-eminence, it is not surprising that rhythm occupies an important position in
the Indian system of music.

Tala - literally meaning ‘clap;’ variously transliterated as “tal”, “taal” or “taala” - is a

regular, repeating rhythmic phrase, particularly as rendered on a percussive instrument
with an ebb and flow of various intonations represented as a ''theka'' - is the common
Indian system of rhythm
Theka - a sequence of drum-syllables or ''bol'' - in Indian classical music, both
Hindustani classical music and Carnatic music use complex rules to create elaborate
patterns of rhythm
Tabla - most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Hindustani music
Mridangam - most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Carnatic music - also
transliterated as “mridang ”

If rhythm plays an important role in Indian music, what could be the distinct
characteristic of Pakistani music?
PAKISTAN

 Is known for its unique vocals. The distinctive Pakistani sound was formed with multiple
influences not only from various parts of South Asia but it also includes diverse elements
from Central Asia, Persia, Turkey, and the Arab world.
VOCAL MUSIC OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan is known for its two vocal styles in singing:
1. Ghazal
 Traditional expressions of love, separation, and loneliness; It tells about both the pain of
loss of the lover and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. its structural requirements
are more strict than those of most poetic forms traditionally written in English is
considered by many to be one of the principal poetic forms in the Persian civilization
can be sung by both men and women.

Pakistani Ghazal-Payam e Mashriq’s Ghazal, www.youtube.com

2. Qawwali
 the devotional music of the Chishti Order a vibrant musical tradition that stretches back
more than 700 years originally performed mainly at Sufi shrines throughout the
subcontinent and gained mainstream popularity

 rahat fateh ali khan-best qawwali, www.youtube.com

 nusrat fateh ali khan-best qawwali, www.youtube.com

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Punjabi music strengthens the importance of musical instruments in Pakistan.
Punjab is a region in South Asia which is divided into West Punjab, Pakistan and East
Punjab, India. Bhangra, one of the most recognized forms of Punjab, is based on the drum
rhythm of dhol.
SIGNIFICANT INSTRUMENTS OF PAKISTAN
ISRAEL
The music of West Asia is modal. Harmony is not emphasized but rather includes salient features
such as melodic complexity and ornamentation, including ¼ tones and rigorous rhythmic
development. West Asian music is commonly used during: Communal worship (in Mosque,
Synagogue and Church) Mystic rituals (Sufis, Hassidic) Life passage events (Weddings,
Bar Mitzvas, Bat Mitzvas, Anniversaries) Entertainment (Belly Dancing, Folk Dancing)
VOCAL MUSIC OF ISRAEL AND ARABIA
A. Israeli Music
 Israeli singers have a distinctive vocal style. They sing with guttural and throaty
enunciation.
Two Divisions of Jewish Music
1. Devotional
 almost entirely vocal
 featured during Sabbath and other holy days
 the art of Hazan (leader of prayer in synagogue) has always been evident in the
culture
 shofar is a special call to prayer and repentance; it is sounded on the High Holidays
(the Jewish New Year and Day of Atonement)
2. Secular
 instruments and voice are used
 played during life passage events
 context lies outside the religious domain
 very rhythmic and have popular and romantic texts
1 . Wazn

 literally means “measure”

 performed on the goblet drum, frame drum, and kettle drum
 only used in musical genres with a fixed rhythmic-temporal organization including
recurring measures, motifs, and pulse
 Habib Yammine-Wazn il mu’allaqat imru’al Qays,
www.youtube.com

3. Iqa
 the rhythmic pattern in Arabian music
 reputed to be over 100 iqa, but many of them have fallen out of fashion and are rarely
used in performance
  the greatest varieties of iqa (or iqa’at as pronounced) range from two to 48 beats
are used in the muwashahat (an Andalusian musical form) where every syllable of the
lyric must fall on a beat.

Michigan A www.youtube.comrab Orchestra-Fantasie Nahawand Mona
and Ahmed Fekry-Muwashahat, www.youtube.com

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF ISRAEL

The lute which is similar to the Philippine bandurria and the laud, traces its origins to the Middle
Eastern Oud and Indian sitar. Goblet drum, darbuk, the tambourine and other instruments
associated with Middle Eastern music are used as accompaniment. One of the dances where
accompaniment is used is Hora, a dance that often has strong off beats and asymmetric meters

SIGNIFICANT INSTRUMENTS OF ISRAEL

OTHER SIGNIFICANT INSTRUMENTS OF ARAB COUNTRIES

OTHER SIGNIFICANT MIDDLE EASTERN INSTRUMENTS

What’s More
 Let’s see how much you have learned. Can you identify the difference
ACTIVITY 3: Which Is Which?
Study the words between
writtenCarnatic andIdentify
in the box. hindustani music? Can you identify Indian musical
instruments?
which word fits the description of Carnatic
and Hindustani music. Write your answers on
activity sheet.

Khyal Temple Music

Unified Northern
Krti Southern
Nasal Singing Lyrical
Persian Influence Imagination

ACTIVITY 4: Name It!

Name the following Indian musical instruments. Write the answers on a separate sheet of paper
in your notebook

ACTIVITY 5:
Name and classify the following instruments.
CLASSIFICATION
NAME OF THE (NON-MEMBRANOUS, MEMBRANOUS, STRINGED
PICTURES
INSTRUMENT INSTRUMENT, WIND INSTRUMENT AND BOWED
STRINGED INSTRUMENTS)
1.

GHATAM

2. DHOL
3.

SURPETI

SITAR

5
CHIKARA

ACTIVITY 6: PEACE, ORDER AND ORGANIZE.

Instruction: Compare and contrast the vocal/instrumental music of Pakistan from the music of
India. Draw this diagram on the activity sheets:

ACTIVITY 7:
Name the following instruments of Pakistan.

PICTURES NAME OF THE INSTRUMENT

______________________________
 ______________________________

______________________________

______________________________

ACTIVITY 8:
Instruction: Supply the needed information in the table below.
Country Description of Vocal Music Instrumental

1. India
2. Pakistan

ACTIVITY 9:
Search for the terms used in vocal and instrumental music of West Asia. Encircle/highlight the
words that you found

ACTIVTY 10
Name the following instruments of Israel.
PICTURES NAME OF THE INSTRUMENT
 What I Have Learned
ACTIVITY 11
How do you find South Asia and Middle East music? What contributions did they bring
to the world of music?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do
ACTIVITY 12
Improvise one instrument of either South Asia or Middle East.
Rubrics for Designing an Improvised Instrument
Approaching
Basic Developing Proficiency Proficient

1 2 3 4

Inappropriate; Messy Most materials Appropriate Appropriate and

and incomplete appropriate; materials; decorated, creatively modified
materials; Sound Decorated but messy; neat; Sound quality materials; Decorated
quality lacks Neat but fragile; almost similar to that within the context of
similarity with that of Sound quality of the original the instrument; Neat
the original somewhat similar but instrument and Durable; Sound
instrument. not exactly similar to quality most similar
 that of the original to that of the original
instrument. instrument.
Legend:
1 = 85%

Assessment
POST ASSESSMENT:
1. Which style of singing that developed into strong and diverse tradition over several
centuries, becoming an established part of contemporary tradition in India?
A. Melismatic B. Rig Veda C. Samagana D. Sama Veda

2. Which classification of musical instruments from India, describes as a non-membranous

percussive instrument but with solid resonators?
A. Avanaddh B. Ghan C. Sushir D. Vitat

3. Which vocal music of Pakistan traditionally expresses love, separation and loneliness?
A. Carnatic Music B. Ghazal Music C. Hindustani Music D. Qawwali Music

4. Which of the following is NOT an instrument of Pakistan?

A. Dholak B. Harmonium C. Rubab D. Sitar

5. Which best describes Hazan?

A. The leader of prayer in a synagogue
B. A ceremonial event for a Jewish boy.
C. A Jewish devotional tradition.
D. A musical instrument

6. Which vocal music of Israel is featured during Sabbath and other holidays?
A. Carnatic Music C. Hindustani Music
B. Devotional Music D. Secular Music

7. The following instruments are under the classification Sushir, except:

A. Bansuri B. Daf C. Shankh D. Surpeti

8. Which is a bowed stringed instrument of classical of classical Indian music?

A. Avanaddh B. Ghan C. Sushir D. Vitat

9. Which statement below best describes shofar?

A. A special call to prayer and repentance.
B. A harsh and grating speech sounds in the throat.
C. A place where the Jewish people pray.
D. A kind of beat in Indian music.
10. Which Pakistan music that is originally performed mainly at Sufi Shrines throughout the
sub-continent and gained mainstreamed popularity?
A. Devotional B. Ghazal C. Qawwali D. Secula
 11. Which vocal music of Pakistan sung as a devotional music of Christi Order?
A. Carnatic music C. Hindustani music
B. Ghazal music D. Qawwali music

12. Which is an example of membranous instrument?

A. Ghatam B. Tabla C. Surpeti D. Ektar

13. Which is an example of bowed stringed instrument?

A. Sitar B. Manjira C. Rabab D. Chikara

14. Which is a significant instrument of Pakistan?

A. Esraj B. Gotuvadyam C. Harmonium D. Bansuri

15. Why does rhythm play an important role in the music of India?
A. It is fundamental to the creation of any musical system
B. It adds color and variety to their music
C. It depicts their way of life.
D. It makes the sound pleasant to the ears.

Answer Key:
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. C
11. D
12. B
13. D
14. C
15. A
References:
LM MAPEH 8, MUSIC 3RD QUARTER PAGE NO. 104 - 142
MELC MAPEH 8 3RD QUARTER PAGE NO. 264

DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writers:
MICHAEL D.S. GARCIA
IVY T. SIENES
MARK ANTHONY B. MORADOS
SALWIDA B. TAHA
Editor: Ivy T. Sienes
Language Editor: Manny P. Tumalon
Proof Reader: Michael D. S. Garcia

Illustrator: MARY ANN E. FRANCISCO

Layout Artist: MANNY P. TUMALON

Management Team:
Julieto H. Fernandez, Ed. D., CESO VI
SDS-Isabela City
Maria Laarni T. Villanueva, Ed. D., CESE
ASDS-Isabela City
Henry R. Tura, CID Chief
Elsa A. Usman, LR Supervisor
 Region IX: Zamboanga Peninsula Hymn – Our Eden Land

Here the trees and flowers bloom
Here the breezes gently Blow,
Here the birds sing Merrily,
The liberty forever Stays,
Here the Badjaos roam the seas
Here the Samals live in peace
Here the Tausogs thrive so free
With the Yakans in unity
Gallant men And Ladies fair
Linger with love and care
Golden beams of sunrise and sunset
Are visions you’ll never forget
Oh! That’s Region IX
Hardworking people Abound,
Every valleys and Dale
Zamboangueños, Tagalogs, Bicolanos,
Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Subanons, Boholanos,
Ilongos,
All of them are proud and true
Region IX our Eden Land
Region IX
Our…
Eden...
Land...

The Footprints Prayer Trees by Joyce Kilmer

One night I had a dream. I dreamed I think that I shall never see
that I was walking along the beach A poem lovely as a tree.
with the LORD.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
In the beach, there were two (2) sets Against the earth’s sweet flowing
of footprints – one belong to me and breast;
the other to the LORD.
A tree that looks at God all day,
Then, later, after a long walk, I And lifts her leafy arms to pray;
noticed only one set of footprints.
A tree that may in Summer wear
“And I ask the LORD. Why? Why?
A nest of robins in her hair;
Why did you leave me when I am sad
and helpless?”
Upon whose bosom snow has lain;
And the LORD replied “My son, My Who intimately lives with rain.
son, I have never left you. There was
only one (1) set of footprints in the Poems are made by fools like me,
sand, because it was then that I But only God can make a tree.
CARRIED YOU!