2019 4th International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Networks (ISCON)
GLA University, Mathura, UP, India. Nov 21-22, 2019
Intelligent Transportation System Using RFID to
Reduce Congestion, Ambulance Priority and Stolen
Vehicle Tracking
Khalid Basir Ahmed
Amity Institute of Information Technology,
Amity University, Noida, India
khalidahmed8@gmail.com,
Abstract-A recent study by IIM revealed that India losses
90,000 crore a year due to traffic congestion, traffic congestion
and unpredictable delays in road travel are the problems that are
factored in daily lives, use of technology will help in minimizing
the congestion, in most of the cities in India, congestion of roads
due to vehicular traffic has become a chronic problem with
practically no solution coming from Urban Planners or
Municipal Corporations and other Government bodies. A slow-
moving traffic adds up to cost of travel due to reduction in
productivity, late delivery of goods and material adds up to cost
of delay, in case of emergency the slow-moving traffic is fatal.
Imagine a critically wounded patient in an ambulance stuck in
slow moving traffic; such person can die due to delay in reaching
hospital. the Root Cause of traffic congestion in the cities and
suggested some solutions. Some solutions are implementable with
the help of technology, building new infrastructure and some
solutions must be driven by Government (Local/State
Level/Central). In this paper we are going to propose an
intelligent base traffic control system using Wireless networks
and wireless sensors, use of GSM transmit data back and forth
from the base station. Use of IOT based systems and RFID (radio
frequency identification) technology tags installed on the vehicle
and RFID tag reader will be installed on each traffic intersection
to identify the flow of vehicle and reroute the traffic based on the
data received by the RFID reader, RFID tags installed in
ambulance will be tagged a priority in all situation.
Keywords: RFID, Intelligent Transportation Systems, ANPR,
traffic congestion.
I. INTRODUCTION
With the increasing growth in number of vehicle on the
road, the roads are getting congested and becoming
increasingly crowded, complicated and chaotic. Countries
around the world are constantly trying to solve this problem
by building highways to accommodate the demand but
building more roads dose not really solves the problem of
traffic congestion. Traffic congestion works very
unexpectedly, not the way any individual would think it does,
1000 cars on the road will slow down the traffic then 200 car,
building more roads mean more cars. It is always
proportionate, we need to divert the cars on the road, use
efficient signaling system to reroute the traffic on the road to
achieve that RFID tags can be installed on the vehicle and
RFID reader also know n as ramp meter are installed at every
intersection of the roads to reroute traffic and manage the
978-1-7281-3651-6/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE
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Deepak Kumar
Amity Institute of Information Technology,
Amity University, Noida, India
deepakgupta_du@rediffmail.com
inflow and outflow of traffic, RFID tags installed on
ambulance will be given highest priority. When a ambulance
is approaching the intersection the RFID reader relay the
message to the other station to reroute the ongoing traffic, the
fixed timing traffic system which is currently in place is not
satisfactory, in this paper we going to implement sensor based
traffic control system with very less investment and utilizing
the current system in place.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Studies states that drivers spent 24.5 million hours every
year sitting in traffic, government spent 2.8 billion to build
more highways and widen the existing one, Still the problem
of traffic congestion is not solved or reduced to existential
level, rather the alarming rate of traffic congestion is
increasing day by day. The paper titled “Automatic Vehicle
Identification System based on RFID” [3], paper gives an
insight of data collection and unique way of tracking vehicle
using RFID technology, the paper is based on AVI system.
Further using the explicit implication of RFID to track vehicle
to reduce traffic congestion. The paper titled “Design of
Dynamic Traffic Signal Control System” [4], this paper also
states that there are certain time when there is no traffic and
still users on the junction on the road has to wait because of
the dynamic traffic control system in place, this paper
proposed use of mobile and web based application to users on
the road to alert user about the traffic conditions on the road.
What we are proposing is using RFID tags and RFID Reader
on every junction to detect the movement of traffic and
accordingly reroute them, Conventional traffic signal can be
upgraded to the proposed model and with very little
investment, using smart devices IOT based sensors and
Intelligent transport system within the already available
infrastructure we can reduce travel time and improve
congestion by just being smart about it.
III. PROPOSED METHOD
We propose intelligence management of traffic control
system to reduce the negative effect of congestion using
RFID, IR transmitter and GSM wireless technology.
x IR transmitters will be placed on both sides of the
road. These Transmitters will count the number of
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 vehicles and determine the density. Based on the receiver receives the transmitted signal it will inform the
density, it will set the green light duration. nearby base station to stop all the incoming traffic and raise
x Ambulance will be equipped with flagged IR tag an alarm at the junction indicating that an ambulance is
which will be detected by IR transmitters placed near approaching.
the junction.
x The third part is responsible for stolen vehicle
detection.

The system as in process is incapable of handling traffic,

the traffic signals are set to auto timer more of around 40
seconds to a minute, which is not effective because sometimes
at an intersection a road might be empty and still traffic on the
other roads of the intersection must wait. Real time
implementation of signaling system will solve this problem
and reduce wait time Here, IR transmitters will be placed on
both sides of the road near a junction. These Transmitters will
count the number of vehicles and determine the density. Based Fig. 2. Diagram for ambulance priority
on the density, it will set the green light duration. In addition,
IR emitter will be installed in ambulances. As soon as an
ambulance passes through the transmitter, it will transmit a
signal to the receiver which is at the traffic junction. Receiver
will then stop the incoming traffic and raise the alarm at the
junction. For stolen vehicle detection, the tags installed on the
vehicle will be flagged as stolen in the system and as soon as
these vehicle cross any of the junction RFID reader will
inform the base station about the location of the vehicle.
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
Fig. 3. Block diagram for stolen vehicle detection
A. Block diagram
RFID Reader will be placed on each intersection based on x Emergency Vehicle Clearance IR emitter will be
the information received by the RFID tag, receiver will know installed in ambulances. As soon as an ambulance
that what volume of vehicle is approaching at any given passes through the transmitter, it will transmit a
intersection, the information then will be relayed to the nearby signal to the receiver which is at the traffic junction.
station. The transmitter will count number of vehicle based on Receiver will then stop the incoming traffic and raise
the density it will set the green light direction. A sensor on the the alarm at the junction.
road will be placed a signal amplifier will be placed next the x Automatic Signal Control System IR transmitters will
sensor to boost the signal with the help of embedded micro be placed on both sides of the road near a junction.
controller which generates signal output, the micro controller These Transmitters will count the number of vehicles
is connected to RS 232 converter which feeds the data to pc. and determine the density. Based on the density, it
will set the green light duration. For example, the
RFID receiver will know that what volume of vehicle
is approaching at any given intersection, the
information then will be relayed to the nearby station.
The transmitter will count number of vehicle based
on the density it will set the green light direction
x Stolen Vehicle tracking- when Stolen vehicle are
reported the RFID tags installed in them will be
flagged stolen and if any of the flagged RFID tags
Fig. 1. Block Diagram for automatic system control system located using the RFID receiver nearby police station
will be alerted via SMS using he SIM900 GSM
Infrared emitter (IR Emitter) will be installed in module installed in every receiver
ambulances. As soon as an ambulance passes through the IR
transmitter, which will be implemented on both sides of the B. Hardware description
road near a junction, it will detected the infrared signal x RFID Reader- RFID will be installed in every
transmitted form the ambulance and it will transmit a signal to junction where the conventional traffic signals are
the receiver which is at the traffic junction .As soon as the

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 installed to read the RFID tags installed on the
vehicle.
x GSM 900 Module – GSM 900 model will be used
along with the RFID reader at every junction of the
traffic signal to communicate with the base station, In
certain scenario GSM 900 model will be used to
communicate back and forth with the base station.
x Infrared Emitter (IR Emitter) An infrared is a
common wireless technology, it is easy to use and
very easy to set up, the most common use of IR
emitter is remotes , IR emitters are light emitting
diode, embedded projects also consists of IR emitters
Fig. 6. DB-9 connector
where IR sensors are use to measure distance
proximity, it is a device that converts electrical signal The microcontroller converts the signal to string format
to infrared band light and compares with the standard strings and the output is given
x Power Supply- the circuit AC currents to DC to the corresponding relays in figure 7.
currents; the below diagram explains the module
comprises of power supply circuit which perform the
particular function.

Fig. 4. Diagram of modular Power Supply circuit

The varying DC output is suitable for lamps, heaters and standard

motors. It is not suitable for electronic circuits unless they include a
smoothing capacitor.

Fig. 7. VB basic Implementation

Advantages and Application

Fig. 5. Transformer with rectifier and smoothing
C. Software description –Visual Basic.
The software used for the traffic control is visual basic to interact
with the hardware module, the following are the features of visual
basics.
There final simulation result will be show for two traffic
conditions: Normal and Optimum. For normal mode, the
traffic light duration will be the same as used now a days. But
for optimum mode, depending on the traffic density the traffic
light duration will change accordingly.
V. NUMERICAL EXAMPLE AND VALIDATION
The data has been collected from routing algorithm for
vehicular area networks [1] and the program to communicate
with the hardware module is written on Visual Basic, the real
time simulation corresponding output signal passed through
serial port to MAX232. MAX232 IC converts it into TTL
logic and then sends the signal to the microcontroller. The
microcontroller is programmed using PIC Compiler using the
software Embedded C.
x Technologies like RF transmitter, RFID and GSM
provide very cost effective solutions to control
traffic.
x Time of travel will get reduced.
x It can be used to detect stolen vehicles.
VI. CONCLUSION
Solving traffic problem in any city is a challenge building
new roads dose not really solve the problem as I have
explained in my literature review, a simple and easy to set up
plan can be implemented to ease of traffic congestion. Further
enhancements can be done to increase the range of the signal,
create a database for the vehicle, using machine learning to
predict the volume of vehicle at any given point of time,
feeding historical data in the system with the help of the
current periodic data will help enhance the project further,
GSP can also be installed to track the exact location of the
stolen vehicle.

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