Complete Task

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN IDM
INTRODUCTION
Sahithiya is a well established book shop which operates currently a manual system they wish
to computerize a manual stock control system to sell books via web site this assignment
contains necessary information to develop the proposed system.
Problem identification
Sahithiya book shop is a well established book shop which is currently operating a manual
stock control system and they wish to computerize the system to sell books through website.
The books are stored in a large warehouse when a customer orders, the books will be packed
and delivered to stated address the problem of the current system is that they have the risk of
damaging the order papers which they maintain manually. And it’s hard for them to keep
track of the stock control effectively. There will be problems in the manual system like if the
customer order details are lost or if its damaged there it will take time for them to recollect
the data from the customers and it will make the customers un satisfied and also if the
customer wishes to change the mind and look for more products it’s not possible for them to
show the customer all of their books which will obviously take more time
Problem classification
In my point of view the proposed system which is online website, which will be useful for
Sahithiya book shop to have a proper stock control system and it will be easy for them to
capture a wide market area to sell their products. The current manual system is difficult for
them to keep record of all the customer orders and it would be time consuming to take current
stock details and the sales amount manually for a long period.
So because of the above identified problem I suggest by implementing the proposed system
Sahithiya book shop could reduce those problems, provided that the proposed system is
feasible to Sahithiya.
IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 1

Requirements Report
According to the above problem classification we have clearly understood the Sahithiya
books shop will be benefited by having a new web-based system, rather than the manual
current system. The book shop will be able to display their products to the customers more
effectively and it would also be kind of a promotion like advertisement and the proposed
system will be more efficient because of the existing faults in the manual system.
The new proposed system will be more quick, more effective, time saving and easy
comparing with the manual system, so it will be better for Sahithiya book shop to implement
the online system, this new system also has the benefits of saving storage space of books for
display and for stock separately and it helps the customers and also Sahithiya book shop to
browse the books easily under author, Fiction education categories etc... And also it helps
them to have an accurate customer delivery address because it will be typed by the customer
itself.
The new system

The proposed system will be based on computers and operated through the internet. Two
Administrator computers which will be under the manager’s site and another computer for
the staff to do the business with the new system, and also an internet host and connection will
be along with the things necessary for the proposed system. There will be a person to
maintain the website 24/7 and record the details separately. The new system will allow
increasing the customers of Sahithiya book shop and make it easy for the customers to choose
from variety of the books available and place orders accordingly. The new system also has
the feature of paying online payments to the organization for the placed orders. The
customers will also have to fill out delivery addresses. This proposed system would me more
efficient compared to the current manual system and it will save time, and looses the risk of
losing order papers or damage of the addresses or losing the addresses of a given order.
Summary of Investigation
The existing system used by Sahithiya book shop is manual system this system is not
expensive compared to the proposed system but it is ineffective and inefficient, the proposed
system will be use full for the organization to maintain the sales and even to increase the

market area of their customers and it will be needed because Sahithiya book shop is well
established.
Even though the current manual system is cheap it also bears the costs of the people who
work manually for each section of taking orders giving bills etc. those cost could also be
reduced if the implement the proposed system because one person would be enough to
maintain the website and take orders lists and check whether the payments have been made
for the orders.
TASK 01 A
Relate and Evaluate “waterfall” and “RAD “life cycles models into the given
business application
First of all what is a System development life cycle model?

System development lifecycle or SDLC is a way of completing the task or developing the
system by dividing difficult task in to manageable sections. A system life cycle model is
moreover a graphical or narrow classification of how the system or is should be developed. A
software cycle deals with a variety of parts and phases from planning to testing and
developing the system it can also be said that it is a framework that illustrates the activities
performed at every phase of the software or system development.
Maintenance
(Fifth phase)
Implementation Planning phase

(Fourth phase) (first phase)
Design Analysis phase

(Third phase) (Second phase)

There are some range of SDLC methods which have been developed to direct the processes
involved including the phases mentioned above. Some of them are
 Waterfall model
 V-model
 Rapid application development (RAD)
 Spiral model
 Dynamic system development model(DSDM model)
 Joint application development (JAD model)
 Agile
Waterfall life cycle model

Waterfall model is the first model to be introduced it is also known as linear sequential life
cycle model. In a waterfall model each stage must be fully completed before starting the next
stage and at the end of the life cycle model a evaluation is been made to determine whether
the system development project is being developed on the correct path or to determine
whether the project should be continued or not. There are six stages in a water fall life cycle
method they are Problem definition, Requirement analysis, system design, code and test,
implementation and maintenance.
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF WATERFALL MODEL
PROBLEM DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
SYSTEM DESIGN
CODE AND TEST
IMPLEMENTATION
MAINTENENCE
FIGURE 2.1

V –Shaped model
In a V-Model SDLC the process will be carried in a sequential manner or could say in a
particular order. It is also known as verification and validation method this is because it
shows how these activities are built in:
Verification: - Are we building the product right?
Validation: - Are we building the correct product?
This model is an expansion of the waterfall model and also based on involvement of a testing
stage for each and every corresponding development phase. Therefore in every stage there is
a directly linked testing stage also. This is one of the strictest models in SDLC. Like the
Water fall model the next phase begins on completion of previous phase.
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF V- MODEL
ACCEPTENCE
SPECIFY TEST
REQUIREMENTS
SYSTEM
OUTLINE
TEST
DESIGN
DETAILED INTERGRATION
DESIGN TEST
CODE &
TESTING
FIGURE 2.2

Due to earlier planning process of testing in the v model it gives the v model a higher chance
of success and the v- model is also suitable for small projects. And also because its is a very
strict model like a water fall model its unlikely to change the plans or correct it after starting
the project there for when designing the website for Sahithiya book shop everything should
be preplanned and plan should be confirmed because if we use the v model it doesn’t allow to
change the process in the middle way.
Rapid application development model (RAD)

RAD or rapid application development is also a kind SDLC model. This model is a kind of an
incremental model. This model was developed to develop software’s or projects really faster
the main difference of this model is that this uses prototyping. This is a good kind of SDLC
model to use for Sahithiya bookshop to develop the website because it really saves time and
reduces cost. There are six stages in this model and prototyping is also being used .The six
phases are requirement analysis and specification, design, code, unit test, integration test,
system and acceptance test.
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF RAD MODEL
Requirement
analysis &
specification
Design
Code
Unit test
Integration test
Prototype
System & acceptance

test
Figure 2.3

Spiral model
This is also a kind of SDLC but which emphasis more on finding out the risk of the project. It
uses a cycle methodology to incrementally develop the project while reducing the risk of
failures. This also includes the features of waterfall model and prototype model. This model
could be used to develop large and expensive projects but Sahithiya book shop is just
preparing only a website which doesn’t cost a lot so I think spiral model would not be more
suitable. This model uses four stages or phases such as planning, risk analysis, evaluation and
engineering. When using this model while developing software the software project passes
again and again through these stages in cycles, the cycles could be called as spirals.
When considering it of using with Sahithiya book shops project it could be used because it
has a higher risk analysis done, so the work will not have to be repeated in any case and will
reduce cost because of this but also when taking the entire project the cost will be higher in
vain because too many risk analyzing and prototyping are built-in.
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF SPIRALMODEL
Planning Risk analysis
Risk Analysis
Requirements
gathering
Prototyping
Coding /
Customer Construction
evaluation
Testing
Evaluation Engineering
Figure 2.4

Dynamic system development model (DSDM)

The DSDM is also a kind of SDLC model, but which uses both incremental and iterative
methods. It is a frame work of controls for developing a computer based system. It is
independent of any particular set of tools and techniques to be used in the process of
developing. The system could be changed in any phase of the DSDM this is a main advantage
of this model. There are five main stages or phases in this model they are Feasibility study,
Business study, Functional model iteration, design and model iteration and implementation.
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF DSDMMODEL
Figure 2.5
This model is dynamic as it is in its name because it is a rapid application development

method that uses incremental prototyping. This is really use for Sahithiya book shop because
it will develop he system in really short time more than any other available models. The
model is really quick because it helps to begin the process with whatever the information
available at that moment. I personally prefer this model because it is real quick and also we
can make changes if need at any phase so it will be risk free and low cost when designing the
system for Sahithiya book shop.

Joint application development model (JAD)

JAD or joint application method is also a kind of SLDC model which helps to develop a new
system in this particular model it involves the client or the user who is going to be using the
developed software or the system at the end that is the Sahithiya books shop in the process of
developing the proposed system. This is done by holding a set of workshops to explain the
creation called JAD sessions.
This particular methodology is more traditional and satisfies the customer even more than
any other methodology used in developing a system because this model is supervised or
involves the client that is the Sahithiya bookshop throughout the process of developing the
system so therefore it provides a greater satisfaction for the client.
And also not only for the client even for us it would me more easy because we would know
what are the requirements of the end user while each step is taken in the process of
developing the system .And also there are few more people who are involved in JAD they are
SPONSOR, BUSSINESS USER, REAL END USER, SYSTEM ANALYST
A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF JADMODEL
Planning
Design
Development
Cutover
Figure 2.6

Agile model
This is also one of the SDLC models could also be said as one of the latest model developed.
This is a kind of an incremental model, system or software’s are designed in an incremental
cycle. This model tries to design or develop a system using a series of prototype and also by
adjusting the software regularly according to the user needs. As it is in its name itself Agile
stands for “MOVE QUICKLY”
There are some principle values in agile model which makes it unique such as it:
 Encourages quality work

 Keeps it simple
 Makes an incremental change
 Welcomes the changes
 Gives feed back
Figure 2.7

A CLOSE LOOK AT WATER FALL AND RAD MODELS AND RELATE AND
EVALUATE IN RELATION TO SAHITHIYA
BOOK SHOP.
WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL
If we choose the water fall life cycle model, before developing the online system to
Sahithiya bookshop we should completely go through each of the phases in the water fall
life cycle model thoroughly.
 Problem Definition
This is the first stage of a water fall life cycle model. This phase defines the existing
problem or the reason for the new system to be developed .According to Sahithiya
book shop the existing problem is that they have a manual system and they cannot
maintain stock effectively and also the have the risk of losing order papers and
delivery address information. So therefore Sahithiya bookshop wishes to have an
online website to sell books via internet and maintain the stock control system too.
 Requirement analysis
In this stage of the model it discusses and defines the required information like how
the website should be created and like how the system should be developed should it
be a open website or a closed wise all the information are collected which are required
and will be analyzed.
In Sahithiya book shop as mentioned earlier they need a online website to sell books
and maintain stock, before designing the system we should find all the requirements,
to do that we need details of the current system and their needs for the new system
and to do that we should use techniques to find information there are some methods
such as:
 Interview
 Observation
 Questionnaires.

By using above methods we found that the system should be an open system where
everyone can visit the site and that they should be able to pay for the product online and
there should be options to enter details for delivering the products and the customers
should be able to become members, so before designing the new web site this phase of
the water fall cycle also must be completed thoroughly and able to find all the
requirements and also once this stage is completed we will have a paper which has the
details of the analyzed requirement, the papers which include all the requirements is
called SRS this SRS will again showed to the client before starting the project in this case
it will be Sahithiya bookshop .
 System design
This will be third phase of the waterfall model this is the system or software designing
stage, in this stage the website design will be created for Sahithiya bookshop this
will be done by using the SRS which is collected from the previous stage as the input.
And system designing, including the hardware and the software designing in the sense
the role of hardware and software is separated out after this is done it will be used to
design the module of the software designing of the software module process will
convert requirements in to picture or represent the requirement and will be used to
evaluate the quality before coding of the system begins. while this is done the test
plan will also be created like how to test the system or the how to test the website
which is created to Sahithiya bookshop will be planned at this stage itself which will
be used after completing the proposed system.
 Coding and testing

This is a important stage in the waterfall lifecycle method this is the fourth stage,
when we come to this phase all the requirements will be analyzed and the system will
also have been designed, now first the designed system will be coded into a format in
which the computer will be able to read if the designing of the software is done
properly the coding stage will be very easy. After coding the designed system will be
separated into small units and be tested to see that the system is developed properly
and to see that there are no faults or errors. This is testing will be carried out by us

that is the system developer of Sahithiya bookshop. There several types of testing
available
 Unit testing
 Integrated testing
 System testing
 Acceptance testing
 Black box testing
 White box testing
 Implementation
This will be the fifth stage of the waterfall lifecycle method at this stage the small
units will be joined together and will be having a complete system which is required
by the Sahithiya bookshop and at this stage also there will be a test which was
planed during system designing process and it will implied and tested weather it is
performed according to clients (Sahithiya bookshop) requirement it will be checked
weather the output or the result will be according the input and a record a report will
be kept of this test which contains the results of the test. There are some methods of
implementing methods such as
 Direct implementation
 Parallel implementation
 Phased implementation
 Pilot implementation
 Maintenance
Now the tested and completed software will be handed over to the client that is the
Sahithiya bookshop and the tested report will be handed over to the client. And this
stage will carry on until the system is retired.

Rapid application development (RAD)

Now let’s assume that we choose RAD or rapid application development model to use when
developing the online system for sahithiya bookshop.
As mentioned earlier what makes this model unique from other models is that this uses
prototyping we will now understand first what prototyping is.
Prototyping is a model which is used to examine a concept or a process or to act as a thing to

be pretended or cultured from. There are some methods of prototyping as well such as:
 Paper prototyping
 Rapid prototyping
 Virtual prototyping
 Incremental prototyping
 Conventional prototyping
What the RAD model uses in its stages is RAPID PROTOTYPING. Rapid prototyping could
be said as any prototype which avoids tooling time while developing the prototypes or parts
of the prototype and accordingly which lets prototypes to be developed in a short period of
time without taking weeks to develop. This prototype mostly used to examine the product’s
technical feasibility or the consumers interest.
As we know we should go through every phase of the stage to complete the proposed system
of sahithiya bookshop, if we are to use the RAD the following phases of the model should
be completed
System analysis and specification

This phase of the stage is all about understanding the need of sahithiya bookshop for its
proposed system. In this phase of RAD model we would have to understand the fully the
needs and wants of sahithiya bookshop for its required system and remove any conflicts
from the requirements if there are any before developing the system. And also in this phase of
the model the collected data will be analyzed and a report will be formed know as system

requirement specification. This SRS document will then be presented to sahithiya bookshop
for a review.
And all in this phase every single thing would be analyzed before starting the development
process. Such as:
 Hardware needs
 Software needs
 Performance requirements
These needs could be found out by carrying out a feasibility study as we have done
And even more these will be gathered analyzed and specified and will be very useful till the
end of the model.
Design
In this part of the model what happens is that there will be workshops held to design the
proposed systems data and processes and a proper working prototype this phase is also
known as functional design phase. This phase holds the workshop with the staff of the
sahithiya bookshop. This stage is to satisfy the needs of the previous phase that is the
requirement analysis and design phase. Whatever the identified requirements we will be
designing a system accordingly for the sahithiya book shop. Purpose of this stage is to
completely transform the requirements in to a detailed system designed and once this is
approved then it will be coded in the next phase.
Code
This stage converts the designed system of sahithiya bookshop into a computer
understandable language or a way that the sahithiya bookshop could use at the end of the
system development. There are different software or programming languages used to code
the system some of them are C++, VB.NET, and since the system is going to be a web based
system for sahithiya bookshop the available languages would be ASP. NET, JAVA PHP,
SQL.

Unit test
Unit testing is testing a part or unit of the system. This test is carried out by us the system
developer. Unit testing uses techniques such as black box testing and white box testing to test
each and every unit that has been designed and code in the previous stage for sahithiya book
shop
Integration test
This is test of the software, hardware or both combined together and tested to assess the
relationship between them. This method uses top down method or bottom up method.
System and acceptance test

Acceptance test is to test whether the developed system of sahithiya bookshop satisfies the
acceptance criteria and also to enable sahithiya bookshop to decide whether to choose the
system or not. This method tests weather the system meets the SRS criteria that is produced
in the system analysis and specification phase.
TASK 01 B
Write a report on the importance of using a life cycle model for this system
A life cycle model is a method or an outline which is used when developing a new system or
software program. There are many life cycle models available that can be used when
designing or developing the web based system for sahithiya bookshop. Some of them are
 V-model
 Waterfall model
 Agile model
 RAD model
 Spiral model
Each an every model mentioned above uses some phases or stages within when developing
the system to sahithiya bookshop or any other organization. A common traditional model
contains thirteen stages within to design a system, these stages or phases are a guide which
will help in the process of developing the system more over other model which is mentioned
above has some or many of these stages of a traditional life cycle model.
A traditional life cycle model contains

 Strategic study
This is an organizational study, which will determine what information system is
needed to support the business.
 Business study
Business study is carried out to know about the inputs and the outputs of the business.
 Feasibility study
It is a preliminary investigation before starting to develop the system it provides deep
details of the business to carry on the system development successfully and it helps to
identify the risks of the system. Some feasibility study would contain of technical,
economical, legal and operational feasibilities.
 Requirement analysis
This stage discovers what the system that is to be designed should do and to find that
out from the organization it uses tool such as interviews, observation, record
searching and questionnaires.
 Requirement specification
This stage converts the analysis of the requirements into a specification.
 Logical system specification

Requirement specification defines what the system should do and logical system
specification defines the way that the requirements could be met.
 Logical design
This stage includes dialogue designs, screen interference, update process and inquiry
process. It has involvement with the end user of the system and the manager of the
organization.
 Physical design

It is the first point where the practical steps will be taken to ensure the performance
requirements of the system will be met. This is the stage where all design decisions
will be made.
 Coding
This stage will covert the specification of the system into a program code .usual the
system will be coded in small units and later integrated together.
 Testing
This stage is to test the coded system weather it work properly or is there any errors
and bugs there different type of testing which takes place
Unit testing – testing the smallest program units
Integrated test – this testing is done when the independent units are integrated
together
System testing – this test it taken place considering the total system.
 Implementation
This phase is implementing the created system into the end users environment and
checking out and training the user or users to operate the system. Implementation will
contain activities such as transferring data from old system and installing the system
to the end users computer.
 Maintenance
This is the longest stage in a life cycle it is the maintenance of the developed system
during the rest of the period maintenance will be corrective, perfective and adaptive.
 phase out
This the last stage of a system in a life cycle it occurs when the developed system is
no longer feasible to continue .main reason for this would be the maintenance will not
be possible for the system. When maintenance cost is higher the system will be
phased out.

IMPORTANCE OF LIFE CYCLE MODEL
These above stages provide a step by step guide on how to develop a system and what should
be followed in order to create a satisfying system for an organization. The other models
which are mentioned earlier will also contain some of these stages in that particular model
but in each model will have it in different and effective way.
Importance of using a life cycle model when designing the system for sahithiya bookshop is
that a life cycle model ensure a successful system because it is experimented and used by
many people all over the world. When a life cycle model is not used the main problems will
be that there will not be any particular documentation when creating the system the system
can be developed and implemented without a life cycle model but it is not effective and there
wont be proper documentation to support the system and due to this reason a system without
a life cycle model cannot be developed or maintained further And also the programmers or
system developers will not be able to handle systems with complex needs.
When a life cycle model is used when designing the system for sahithiya bookshop there
will be clear idea on where to start, how to start and what needs of the system are. When a
life cycle model is chosen the goal or the vision will be clear of why the system is needed for
the user and due to this it will make it easier and quicker to implement the proposed system.
Due to the documentation of the lifecycle model the advantages is that if there is a problem in
the coding the system will not have to be created all over again.
And also due to the documentation of each phases of a life cycle even after a phase out of the
system a new system could be developed without the need for a long time period since every
requirement of the sahithiya bookshop is outlined and documented when a life cycle model is
used.
The two life cycle model that is suitable to be used in developing the system to sahithiya
bookshop is waterfall model and RAD model.

WATER FALL MODEL
ADVANTAGES OF USING WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL

 A water fall life cycle method is uncomplicated and therefore it will be easy to
understand.
 Easy to handle due to strictness of the model (each stage in the cycle has
specific deliverables and a evaluation process)
 Each stage is completed one at a time.
 It is best matched for small projects where requirements are clear.
 It is also best suited when quality is more important than cost.
When we use a waterfall lifecycle model to design and develop an online system to Sahithiya
book shop it will be really effective because as the system requires we know the upfront
requirement of the system to be developed and this model is really strict which makes each
section of developing the system really effective and also there is a review process at the end
of each stage which makes or sees that the system is being developed on the correct path.
DISADVANTAGES OF USING WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL

 Once a phase of the model is completed it cannot be redone after
moving forward, example once we are coding and testing phase it’s not
possible to go back to system design phase.
 There is a higher risk and doubt till the project is completed
 Not suitable for projects where the requirements will change soon.
 Not suitable for long projects
 Most suitable for new version of existing product.
There are disadvantages also when using this model to prepare the system for Sahithiya as
mentioned above its well suited for new version of existing product but what we are going to
be producing is a new online system therefore it might not suit best and also there is high risk
till the project is completed but then again everything there will be a risk to undertake. And
also as mentioned above once the system is in a testing stage and if it is not suitable we
cannot correct it in the system design phase we should do it all over again so there is a very
HIGH risk.

RAD MODEL
ADVANTAGES OF USING A RAD LIFE CYCLE MODEL
 “RAPID (fast)” application development it is very quick in designing the
system.
 Increased quality, even though the life cycle is rapid development it is also a
quality method because it keeps in mind the time but it uses prototype and
checks it out with the users and as the ability to redesign the project.
 Reduced scalability
 Sahithiya bookshop (client) will be involved through out the system
development.
Using a RAD model is the best choice because it keeps in mind the time frame for when to
deliver the system to sahithiya bookshop and it involves the customer directly itself through
the development process therefore there is less chance that the client will be dissatisfied by
the proposed system, and also it has the prototyping ability where the water fall model
doesn’t have. Even after designing last part of the system and if the customer is not satisfied
then we could design it all over again but still keeping the time in consideration.
Using one of the models is really important as discussed earlier but choosing the right model
should be in consideration with how it will suit, so choosing a RAD model is because
 The requirements of sahithiya book shop is well identified
 User will be involved through out the development
 Technical risks will be very low
 System can be modularized.

TASK 02 (A)
Produce a feasibility study report by including Economical, Technical, Legal,
operational and Schedule feasibilities.
Introduction to Feasibility Report

A feasibility report is a report of total submission of a feasibility study. Feasibility study is a
primary analysis for a project. This feasibility study contains analysis of a proposed online
system for Sahithiya bookshop. The study shows how the proposed system is useful for
Sahithiya bookshop and it provides an opportunity to identify the risks and better
understanding of the expenses to undertake the proposed system. The feasibility report or
study contains the following areas:
1. Technical feasibility
2. Operational feasibility
3. Economical feasibility
4. Man power feasibility
5. Schedule feasibility
6. Legal feasibility
The above mentioned each areas of feasibilities are described and related to Sahithiya
bookshop below
Area of feasibility for proposed system

Technical Feasibility
In order for the new proposed system to take place there are some technical requirements,
technical requirements are the hardware, software, personnel and expertise for the proposed
system to be completed properly. Following are the hardware and software requirements for
the proposed system to take place in Sahithiya bookshop.

HARDWARE FEASIBILITY
Items Minimum features Brands Selected

brand
Mother board GH61mother board Intel, Bio star, Foxconn Intel
Processor Core i3,3.06Ghz or Intel, Celeron , AMD Intel core i3

more 3.06ghz
RAM 4GB Minimum Kingston, Adata, phoenix Adata 4GB
Mouse Optical Sony, mercury, deluxe Sony
Keyboard Multioption USB Logitech,A4tech,Power 3 A4tech
Hard disk 1TB Toshiba , Hitachi, Adata, Hitachi

500GB Imation
Printer Line printing Lexmark, Epson Epson dot
matrix
VGA 512MB NVidia, Aseus , Eagle NVidia
Power supply 500Vatz Seasonic, Corsair, XFX, Enermax

Silverstone, Enermax
DVD ROM Sata Toshiba, Samsung, LG, Samsung
Aseus
Monitor LCD 16 inch Mega box, HP, Samsung, Dell

Dell
UPS 600Valtz Prolink, Dlink , DCP Prolink
Router 4 ports Pro-Link, D-Link, TP-Link D-Link

-
Casing More features HP, Dell, Compaq Dell

SOFTWARE FEASIBILITY
Items Minimum Brands Selected brand
requirements
Operating Microsoft windows Microsoft Windows Xp,7,8 ,Linux, Microsoft windows
system XP Ubuntu 7
Browser Fast browsing Mozilla fire fox, internet Explorer, Google chrome
Google chrome
Office package Spread sheet & word King soft open office , Microsoft Microsoft Office
office
language Web based system C++, JAVA, VB.NET, PHP PHP

development
Database Software MySQL, SQL Saver ,Oracle MySQL
Anti-Virus Internet security Kaspersky,Norton,Avira,Avast Kaspersky
These can be purchased more or less anywhere within the country or we could even order it
from abroad and make it possible for us to get it within 15 days maximum and there for the
availability of the hardware and software for the proposed system is sure and therefore the
proposed system would be technically feasible.
Operational Feasibility
Even though the proposed system for Sahithiya book shop involves computers and internet
and more technologically oriented than the present manual system there is no need for a
special training for all the staffs involved in the organization. The Manager may be need or
required to learn to operate the computer because it’s new and he will be administering the
server machine other than that there is no need for existing staffs to worry about. But there
will be a new staff to maintain the new system separately in the client machine so in my
opinion the operation of the new system to the Sahithiya bookshop would be feasible.

Economic feasibility
Hardware feasibility
Items Minimum Brands Selected Unit price Qty Total
requirements brand
Mother board GH61 Mother Intel, Bio star, Intel 8500 2 17000
board Foxconn
Processor Quad core,2Ghz Intel, Celeron , Intel core i3 12350 2 24700
or more AMD 3.06ghz
RAM 4 GB Minimum Kingston, Adata, Adata 4GB 5000 2 10000

phoenix
Mouse Optical Sony, mercury, Sony 500 2 1000
deluxe
Keyboard Multi option Logitech,A4tech,Po A4tech 80 2 1600
USB wer 3
Hard disk 1 TB Toshiba , Hitachi, Hitachi 10000 1 10000

Adata, Imation
500GB 8000 1 8000
Printer Line printing Lexmark, Epson Epson dot 22500 1 22500

matrix
VGA 512MB NVidia, Aseus , NVidia 6000 2 12000
Eagle
Power supply 500Valtz Seasonic, corsair, Enermax 2400 2 4800
XFX, Silverstone,
Enermax
DVD ROM Sata Toshiba, Samsung, Samsung 800 2 1600

LG, Aseus
Monitor LCD 16 inch Mega box, HP, Dell 9250 2 18500
Samsung, Dell
UPS 600Valtz Prolink, Dlink , Prolink 4500 2 9000
DCP
Router 4 ports Prolink, Dlink , TP- D-Link 4500 1 4500
- Link
Casing More features HP, Dell, Compaq Dell 3000 2 6000
151 200

Software feasibility
Items Minimum Brands Selected brand Unit Qty Total
requirements price
Operating Microsoft Microsoft Windows Microsoft 18000 1 18000
system windows XP Xp,7,8 ,Linux, windows 7
Ubuntu
Browser Fast browsing Mozilla fire fox, Google chrome free 1 free
internet Explorer,
Google chrome
Office Spread sheet & King soft open Microsoft 27000 1 27000
package word office , Microsoft Office
office
language Web based system C++, MY SQL, PHP free 1 free

development ASP.NET, PHP,
JAVA
Database MySQL, SQL My SQL free free

Software Saver ,Oracle
Anti- Internet security Kaspersky,Norton, Kaspersky 3500 1 3500
Virus Avira,Avast
48500
Man power feasibility
Worker Pay per day No of days Total
System Developer 2500.00 15 37500
Hardware assembler - - 4000
Network - - 4000
Designer
45 500

Web hosting per annum (15GB web space) = 8450

Domain registration per annum (.com) = 1750
10250
Total cost on proposed system

Hardware 151,200
Software 48,500
Man power 45,500
Web hosting 10,250
TOTAL 255, 450
The proposed system designing will lead to some essential expense to begin with the
computers needed isn’t in the manual system which the Sahithiya bookshop is operating due
to that this purchasing of the computers will be an expense. These computers will not be used
other than the usage of maintain the website for sales of their books and taking order for
sales. And also we have to pay the SLT for the purchasing of the web hosting service and
domain registration there for the total expense of converting the manual system to the
computer based system would cost them 255,450 and then after annual cost for the web
server would only cost 10,250. There for this is just an investment in the business and they
could be able to earn more through the web based new system. Because Sahithiya bookshop
is a well established company they will be able to afford it Due to this, I think that this system
would be economically feasible for Sahithiya book shop.
Schedule feasibility
The schedule feasibility will not be a problem for the substitution or the change of the system
it can be done separately while keeping the manual system and after everything is prepared
and ready to be implemented they can remove the manual system from the company and
implement the new web based system this will not cause the business close down till
implementing the new system there for the proposed system is schedulable.

ID Task Name Start Finish Duration Aug 2013 Sep 2013 Oct 2013
11/8 18/8 25/8 1/9 8/9 15/9 22/9 29/9 6/10 13/10 20/10
1
Requirement analysis and specification 8/12/2013 9/5/2013 3w 4d
2 Design 9/5/2013 9/19/2013 2w 1d
3 Code 9/16/2013 10/4/2013 3w
4 Unit test 10/4/2013 10/11/2013 1w 1d
5 Integration test 10/11/2013 10/17/2013 1w
6 System and acceptance test 10/17/2013 10/22/2013 4d
7 Prototype 10/22/2013 10/25/2013 4d
Chart 1
This above chart is a simple diagram with the details of how the system development is
scheduled. As before developing system there should be a methodology to be used. As I have
selected RAD model the development process is also scheduled with the models phases as
shown above.

Legal feasibility
The proposed system is just for selling of books online for Sahithiya bookshop which is a
well established organization there are no any illegal activities within the company and there
for up to my knowledge the proposed system is legal according to the law and there are no
any constraints with regard to law so the proposed system is legally feasible.
Recommendations
The system which I suggest will be an online web based system. Due to the uses and benefit
this suggested system would be much beneficial to Sahithiya bookshop and it will full their
needs to sell books via website .By allowing the customers to refer or browse the books
through web at their homes with a friendly interface will definitely attract the customers
which will be a advantage for Sahithiya bookshop to increase their sales. The proposed
system is definitely expensive than the current manual system but it could be covered with
the income from the website because they will be able to capture more customers than
present .And also the system will reduce the risk of losing data or damage or losing the
customer delivery addresses and order papers because the information could be save on the
hard disks and also they could back it up in case of a emergency problem there for due to
these reasons I suggest Sahithiya book shop to implement the proposed web based system in
their organization .

TASK 2B
An initial meeting has been arranged with manager of the bookshop.
 Prepare re a list of questions to use in this interview.

 Design a questionnaire to use in this interview
First of all what is an interview and questionnaire?

INTERVIEW and QUESTIONAIRE are a form of fact finding techniques, fact finding is
job of a someone or a group of people to collect information about something which they are
going to step into or do, So before designing a website for sahithiya bookshop it is important
to do some fact finding about the organization and the need of the books shop for the website
.To do that there are different methods of fact finding including:
 Interview
 Questionnaire
 Observation
 Record view
 INTERVIEW
This is a way of collecting information from a group of people or an individual person. In
this way of fact finding we will be asking questions from the client about the proposed
system sitting face to face and take down the answers and responses from the client and
record it and take them in to consideration and design the system .In this method
interviewer should plan the questions to be asked in advance. The information gathered in
this way will be more suitable and reliable because interviewer could double check and
clarify all the doubts then and there.

Pre-planned questions to ask from the manager of sahithiya book shop during the
interview.
1. Can you describe a situation that you felt you want to change the manual system into
a computerized system?
2. What made you think that a computerize system would solve that problem in that
situation?
3. Do you want your web site only to place orders and refer the books or to pay for the
orders also there itself?
4. What is the amount you planned on getting your required system, just the suggested
amount or your budgeted amount?
5. What steps do you follow on your manual system when you receive orders, and do
you wish the same format to be on your website or do you want me to suggest you a
new one?
6. Preparing a website needs a web server which means we have to make a server
machine and also pay for web hosting on our own it will cost us approximately
100,000 per year for us to own our personal server hosting .Or else we could give the
hosting to a company like SLT and pay them 11000 per year but they will be our
server which one do you prefer?
7. What type product you plan to sell?
8. How long has your company been in business and what is your reputation?
9. Do you have a deadline or time period in completing the proposed system?
10. Do you wish to add any facilities like member ship registration?
11. If you have any ideas of how the website should look like can you please give a brief
explanation?
12. Do you plan on having a communication facility between you and the customer?
13. Do you wish to allow your contact details to view by the customers?
14. Do you wish to allow you customers to leave any response regarding your service and
company in the website?

15. Have you discussed with you existing staff about the plan of changing the manual
system if so what was the response and do you wish us to make a survey about this in
your organization
 Questionnaire
This is also a way of fact finding or collecting information from a individual of a
number of people. The questionnaire is designed with a series of questions to be filled
out by the client in this case it is sahithiya bookshops manager, and this is also
considered to be a cheapest form of fact finding technique.
Following are series of questions designed for the arranged interview with manager of
sahithiya book shop.
1. Do you have an existing website?

YES NO
If yes what is the URL and why do you want a new system briefly describe.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………................
2. What is your long term target (vision) of your company?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Do you strongly believe making a change in the system or making a new system
would archive your target?
YES NO
4. Do you have any more branches to implement the new system

YES NO
5. Do you wish to have any brief description of the company’s establishment, history
and success in your website?
YES NO
If yes can you please provide details of they should be posted?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………....
6. Do you want an image of every item you sell and a description of each of the product?
YES NO
7. Please mention your available contact details from the following

 E-mail …………………………………
 Address …………………………………
 Mobile number …………………………………
 Office number ………………………………..
8. What type of domain name extension you wish to have from the following?
 .com
 .lk

 .org
9. What will be your initial requirement a quality website with user friendly or speed
website?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
10. Do you wish to have multiple language options depending on your visitors?
YES NO
If yes please select the languages you prefer
 Sinhala
 Tamil
 English
 All of the above
11. Do you want to provide mobile version of the site for the visitors?
YES NO
12. Do you wish to promote your website by yourself or do you want us to do it for you?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
……
13. Do you wish to connect with any social media?

YES NO
14. Point out at least three important things that you wish to add to the design and
interface of your proposed website?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
15. Who will be responsible for updating and maintaining the website?
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………

Observation
This is a unique form of fact finding method, unlike other in this the analyst its self should
visit the organization and observe all the areas which are needed for the project to be
completed so the importance of observing sahithiya bookshop is to see how the manual
system is being operated what are the difficulties they are facing how the operational level
people carry on the job.
OBSERVED DETAILS FOR A DURATION OF FIVE DAYS
OBESERVED DESCRIPTION
DAY 01 Staff Observed how many staffs are working in sahithiya bookshop
and what the roles of each staff are.
DAY 02 Manager Observed what the managers’ role in the sahithiya bookshop is
and how he intervenes in the sales and stock procedures.
DAY 03 Administrator Observed the role of the manager in sahithiya book shop and
what are his responsibilities
DAY 04 Sales Observed how the sales procedure is currently taking place.
procedures What are the measures we have to take in order to design the
new system
DAY 05 Stock Observed who takes control of the stock and what is the
procedures procedure when new stock arrives or what happens to stock
when a particular sale takes place.
Record view
This form of data or fact finding is not much effective as above ones, this is a way of
collecting information through past records such as searching in news paper magazines.

The information’s found about sahithiya bookshop using record view was about the sales,
how much is monthly sales of their products and the expenses that the sahithiya bookshop has
to incur.
TASK 03 A
DRAW A CONTEXT DIAGRAM FOR THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
CONTEXT DIAGRAM OR TOP LEVEL DFD
Context diagram could also be called as context level data flow diagram or a level 0 data
flow diagram. This diagram contains only one main system and generalizes functions of the
system in relation to external entities.
This diagram is a graphical illustration of Ins and outs of systems to its entities. The system
would be represented in side a rectangle and the entities would be inside an oval, the ins and
outs could be recognized through arrows.
 System
 Entities
 Flows
Every context diagram may show many process relationships flowing into and out of the
system. Context diagrams are created or a context diagrams purpose is to analyse a system
before designing.
A context diagram shows the possibility and limits of a system at glimpse including the other
systems that interface with it. And also there is no need for any technical knowledge is
needed to understand the context diagram.
This type of a diagram could also be viewed by the stakeholders or the people who are
interested about sahithiya bookshop
A context diagram is designed for sahithiya book shop using the following available entities

 Customer  Accountant
 Manager  Supplier
 Administrator  Stock keeper
 Deliverer  Cashier

MANAGER
ADMINISTRATOR
Suppliers Invoice
Stock purchases Receipt
Accept registration
Registration details
CUSTOMER
Final accounts
er
Login
m er
Stock purchase order

sto ord er
cu der t rd
o r r en e o
Re f o ym as
gi i ce er pa ch in
Lo
st
er v o
t om ase pu
r
L og
In Or gi In us h k
v C rc oc
Re Pa oic de n pu St
tu y e r
rn e men
R k
oc
in eic t St
Re w pt
tu De ard
rn live s
pa ry
ym
en
t
Log
in
SAHITHIYA BOOK SHOP Sales
in SYSTEM rece
Log tion F ina ipts
alloca l acc
o u
y Purc nt s
iver hase
Del s re
ceip
r ts
ive
Del St ACCOUNTANT
DELIVERER oc
k
pu
rc
ha
se
Sa
pa
les
gin r
St
Lo iste
oc ym
pa
k en
g
m er
pu
ym
Re
Delivery Allocation
t
Customer
Pa eliv
rc
t
or
en
de en
Sa ha
order
de
t
New stock
D
l s
s
Login
St es e r
ipt
y
ard
r
oc re p s
ce
k a
utw
ce y
Or
pu
Re
ip me
e
nt s
rc t
oic
no
ha nt
me
Inv
se
tur
s
ay
re
Re
Lo
np
ce
gin
ip
tur
t
Re
CASHIER
SUPPLIER
STOCK KEEPER
Figure 3.1

TASK 03 B
Draw a data flow diagram for the proposed system
What is a data flow diagram?
A data flow diagram or DFD diagram is a graphical illustration of how the data is processes
through a system in relation of inputs and outputs from and out of the system. As it is in its
name itself it illustrates and explains the routes of data in a process. Data flow diagram is a
tool used for designing and analysing information processes. A data flow diagram explains
the flow of data in a process depending on the inputs and outputs.
There are set of items, shapes and symbols used to prepare a DFD diagram they are :
 A process is a task that is will be performed in the system that is to process the data
from the external entities .A process is depicted in a DFD using :
 An external entity is any outside applications or entities which relate with the system
and an external entity is depicted in a DFD using :
If entity is connected once If entity is connected through out

 A database is the location where the data or the processing data is stored these
databases only piles the data in it. A database is depicted in DFD using :
 A data flows are the inputs and out puts with the system this flow of inputs and output
is depicted in a DFD using :

D1
D1 Registration
Registration
Supplier
Supplier 01 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Register Register
Register
Register Customer
Customer
Login
Accept registration
Login
SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Administrator Login 02
Administrator Login
Login Deliverer
Deliverer
Login
Login
Login
Accountant
Accountant
Manager
Manager
Login
Login Stock
Stock keeper
keeper
Cashier
Cashier
03 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Search
Search
Browse
Place order
Order details Administrator

Administrator
Customer
Customer Customer invoice 04 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Customer invoice
Order
Order
Order
Order
D2 information
information
Manager
Manager Supplier invoice Supplier invoice
Customer orders Supplier
Place order Supplier
Stock
Stock keeper
keeper
Allocate
Purchase stock
Sell books
Deliverer
Deliverer
Sales
Sales
Sales receipts Delivery
Accountant
Accountant allocation
Return inwards Return outwards
Customer
Customer

Return outwards
Purchase stock
Purchases
Purchases
D3
Purchases
Purchases
D4 Sales
Sales
Purchases Accountant
Accountant
receipts
Receive payment Supplier

Supplier
Customer
Customer
Issue receipt
Settle payment
Receive receipt
Payments
Payments
Receive
sales
Accounts
Accounts and
and
D5
Cashier
Cashier payments transactions
transactions
Supplier
Supplier
Receive new stock
Settle 08 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Purchases
payment Stock
Stock D6
Stock Stock
Stock details
details
purchase
Manager
Manager order
New stock
Deliver
Stock
Stock keeper
keeper
Customer
Customer 09 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Delivery
Delivery
Delivery allocation
Stock
Stock keeper
keeper
Supplier
Supplier
Return outwards 10 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP
Customer
Customer
Returns
Returns
Return inwards
Manager
Manager
Receive final Cashier

Cashier
accounts 11 SAHITHYA BOOK SHOP Purchases
receipt
Accountings
Accountings Sales receipt
Figure 3.2

Process descriptions
Process Number: 01
Description: Registration
 This process registers or enrols new customers to sahithiya bookshop through
website.
 This process registers the staffs of sahithiya bookshop and also the suppliers to
the system
 This process also provides each customer with a specific number call
registration ID
 This process sends the collected details to the separate database called
REGISTRATION.
Data flow description
Process Name : Registration

Description : In registration process the system will register new members
(customers, suppliers, employees and employers)
Data store descriptions
Data Store NO : D1
Data Store Name: Member
Content : Member ID, Member Name, Member Type, Member Address,
Contact No
Member type could be the administrator, employee, customer or the supplier.

Process Number: 02
Description: Login
 Allows the register members into the site
 Allows the members with ordering and shipping facilities.
 Checks the details from the registration database .
Process Name : Login

Description : In login process system will allow the members to sign in and
enjoy the sahithiya bookshops website facilities.
Process Number: 03
Description: search
 Allows customers to search and browse for items available in sahithiya
bookshop
 Recruits and provides details to search from stock detail database
Process Name : search

Description : in searching process it allows customers to look for the items in
the system for purchasing.

Process Number: 04
Description: order
 This process is receiving or allowing customers to order for the searched item.
 This process also assigns an order number.
 Receives invoices and issue invoices
 Receives order and places order
Process Name : order

Description : in ordering process every order is taken into the system and also
this the process which places orders too .
Data Store NO : D2
Data Store Name: order information
Content : Order No., member ID, order information, shipping address.
Process Number: 05
Description: sales
 Selling the items from the stock
 Assign a sale number
 Send receipts to the accountants

Process Name : sales

Description : In sales process the selling of items takes place and the issuing of
the receipts takes place
Data Store NO : D4
Data Store Name : Sales
Content : Sale No. , sale item, sale type
Sale type could be online payments or cheques or cash on sale.
Process Number: 06
Description: Purchase
 This process is the process of purchasing of new stock from suppliers
 Assigns a purchases number
 Send purchases details to accountant
Process Name : Purchase

Description : In purchasing process all the buying of new stock is occurring.

Data Store NO : D3
Data Store Name: purchases
Content : purchases number, purchases item, purchases Type,
Process Number: 07
Description: Payment
 Pays for the suppliers
 Receives payment from customers
 Send details to the accountant
Process Name : Payment

Description : In payment process the system will make and receive payments
for the items purchased and sold.
Data Store NO : D5
Data Store Name: Accounts and transactions
Content : Payment number, payment type
Process Number: 08
Description: Stock
 Receives new stock
 Assign stock items for delivery
 Receives order from manager for purchasing of new stock

Process Name : Stock

Description : In stock process all the details of stock purchasing and allocation
for sales takes place.
Data Store NO : D6
Data Store Name: stock details
Content : Stock No, Item name.
Process Number: 09
Description: Delivery
 Delivers goods to the customers
Process Name : Delivery

Description : In delivery process the items are delivered to the customers and
the details is stored in the system.
Data Store NO : D6
Data Store Name: Stock details
Content : Stock no, Item name

Process Number: 10
Description: Returns
 Receive returns from sales
 Send returns from purchases
 Store details in system and send details to manager.
Process Name : Returns

Description : In returns process the system will send and receive returns of
items purchased and sold.
Data Store NO : D6
Data Store Name: Stock details
Content : Stock no, Item name
Process Number: 11
Description: Accounting
 Receive receipts and prepare accounts

 Send details to the manager as final accounts
 Gather information from accounts and transaction database.

Process Name : Accounting

Description : In accounting process the system will receive all the details from
the accountant and store it on the system.
Data Store NO : D5
Data Store Name: Accounting and transactions
Content : account No., Accounts name, transaction details

TASK 03 C
Draw an entity relationship diagram, ensuring that all relationships are shown.
The entity relationship diagram or an ERD is used to design a data module. It is mostly used
tool to present graphical representation on data entities and their relationship with in a
systems object person or events. There are some main components which should be used
when drawing ERD:
 Entity
 Attributes
 Relationships

Entity
An entity could be of an object, place or event which is needed to store and compare data of
the system. There are two types of entities as given below:
 Super type entity (strong entity )
This type of an entity would be clearly visible as an independent entity whip is not
dependent on another entity. It would be showed in the diagram inside a rectangle box
As for sahithiya bookshop a super type entity would be employee
EMPLOYEE
 Sub type entity (weak entity)

This type of entity is always depending on a super type entity for example:
EMPLOYEE would be a super type entity if in case sahithiya bookshop needs
details of the employees’ children the children would be a weak entity since it is
depending upon the employee.
CHILDREN

Attributes
Attribute would be considered as a property of an entity suppose and entity of sahithiya
bookshop would be a customer the attributes would be customer name, customer ID,
customer address, customer e-mail.
Customer name
EMPLOYEE Customer ID
Customer address
Customer e-mail
There are four types of attributes

 Simple attribute
 Composite attribute
 Multi valued attribute
 Derived attribute
Relationship
Relationship would be as it is in the name what relation is between the entities is stated will
be a relationship. Let’s say sahithiya bookshops relationship between its customer and
employee is that the customer purchase from employee so the relationship would be
purchase.
CUSTOMER EMPLOYEE

SYMBOL NOTATION
Entity
Attribute
Relationship
Cardinality One - One

One - Many
Many – Many

Customer E-mail
Customer name Category ID Stock No.
Customer registration ID No. Sale item no.

Stock No.
Item name
Customer Address
Customer Telephone No. Item brand Stock No.

CATEGORY
CUSTOMER
Item name
Customer order
Has
Search
No.
Item brand
Item name
Place STOCK_ITEM
Stock No.
Transferred
CUSTOMER _ORDER
SALE_ITEM
Supply Supplier name
Pay
Handle
Supplier telephone No.
Manage
Handle
PAYAMENT MANAGER
Supplier registration ID
Payment No. EMPLOYEE

Handle
SUPPLIER
Return
Send Goes to
RETURN_BOOK
Item name
SUPPLIER_ORDER
Employee registration ID
Book category
Paid Supplier order No.

Employee name
Stock No. Return book no.
Employee position
Figuree3.3

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN HND
Entity : Customer
Entity description : It’s a main entity it is the customer the person or people who purchase goods
from sahithiya.
Attributes : Customer registration ID No., Customer name, Customer Email, Customer
Address, Customer telephone number.
Primary key : Customer registration ID No.
Entity : Customer order

Entity description : This is the process of orders by the customer to the system.
Attributes : Customer order No., Item name, Stock No.
Primary key : Customer order No.
Foreign key : Stock No.
Entity : Payment
Entity description : This is the payment process to suppliers, payments from customers and
payments to employees.
Attributes : Payment No.
Primary key : Payment No.
Entity : Return books

Entity description : This is the process of returning books or items to the suppliers and the returns of
books or items from the customers.
Attributes : Return book No., Stock No., Book Category, Item name
Primary key : Return book No.
HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 55

Entity : Category
Entity description : This is the classifications of the items available in the stock or the shop
Attributes : Category ID, Stock No.
Primary key : Category ID
Foreign key : Stock No
Entity : Stock item

Entity description : This is classification of the stock by items such as books, pens etc...
Attributes : Stock No., Item name, Item Brand
Primary key : Stock No.
Entity : Sale item

Entity description : This is the entity which identifies what item as been sold..
Attributes : Sale item No., Stock No., Item name, Item brand
Primary key : Sale item No.
Entity : Employee
Entity description : This is the people who work in the organization inside the system.
Attributes : Employee registration ID, Employee name, Employee position
Primary key : Employee registration ID
Entity : Supplier
Entity description : This is the person or people who supplies stock into the organization
Attributes : Supplier registration ID, Supplier telephone No., Supplier name
Primary key : Supplier registration ID
Entity : Supplier order

Entity description : This is the process of orders from the organization to the suppliers
Attributes : Supplier Order No.
Primary key : Supplier order No.

TASK 03 D
CREATE PROTOTYPE USER INTERFACE FOR FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS
 RECORD CUSTOMER DETAILS
 SEARCH BOOKS
 RECORD PAYMENTS
HOME PAGE PROTOTYPE
Figure 3.4
Figure 3.5
Figure one and two shows a prototype user interface of sahithiya bookshops website. It is the
called the home page which will be the first view of a customer who enters the site.

PROTOTYPE USER INTERFACE TO RECORD CUSTOMER DETAILS
Figure 1.6
Figure 3.7
Figure three and four above shows a user interface to record customer details. It will be derived
by the link which is available in the home page called register. when a customer enters the site
they can search books and view detail about sahithiya bookshop but they will not be able to
order books or make payments in order for them to do that this registration is taken place and
this registration process will be recorded and there will be a unique number in the database for

each customers who are registered and they will be given the ability to order books and make
payments.
This figure five shows some possible errors that could occur during a customer’s registration
process and how it will be displayed to the user.
ERROR MESSAGES IN CUSTOMER RECORD DETAILS
Figure 3.8

PROTOTYPE USER INTERFACE OF LOGIN PAGE
Figure 3.9
Figure 3.10
Figure six and seven above shows the prototype user interface for sign in purpose or log in
purpose this option will be available only for customers who are already registered with
sahithiya book shop or a link is provided for new customers to visit the registration page for
them to redirect and join with sahithiya.

BOOK SEARCH PROTOTYPE
Figure 3.11
Figure 3.12
Figure eight and nine shows the user interface when searching the sahithiya bookshop site for
books, this is a simple search option which is available as a BROWSE link in top of the site.
Customers will be able to search simply using this interface and even then if the customers

aren’t able to find a particular item they can use the advance search option the user interface of
the advance search prototype is shown below in figure ten and eleven.
ADVANCE BOOK SEARCH PROTOTYPE
Figure 3.13
Figure 3.14
This option provides the customer or the visitor to search the books using particular category,
author, title, ISBN number and by key words, this will narrow the search and provide the
customer with a limited range of item.

SEARCH PAGE ERROR
Figure 3.15
The above figure 12 is a screen of the possible error message that will occur when there is no
search items which match the customers search and this page will also provide another link
which will redirect to advance search page again.
PROTOTYPE FOR CUSTOMER ORDER PAYMENT

Figure 3.16
Figure 3.17
The above figures 13 and 14 are the prototype and a sample page of the sahithiya bookshops
online system when a customer selects an item for the order it displays the details of the item
and the price and asks for the customer confirmation and the link redirects the customer to
another page which looks like following

Figure 3.18
Figure 3.19
The above figure 15 and 16 illustrates the procedure of the customers order payment details and
how will it be on screen when a customer orders from sahithiya bookshops new system.
The payments are arranged in a way that the customer could pay through their credit cards and
master card and also it is provided with a new system of EZ cash payment method which is
offered by Dialog Company to purchase good online this system of payments is convenient for
the customers and will definitely attract the customers.
TASK 04

CREATE A PROFESSIONAL REPORT ON “HOW THE USER AND SYSTEMS

REQUIREMENTS HAVE BEEN ADDRESSED ON THE PROPOSED SYSTEM”.
ABSTRACT
This report contains the details of how the system is developed from the beginning to the end
and the details of all the end user requirements and what are the methods used to identify all the
user requirements. Also this report contains the system requirements, what are the needs for the
system to implement, the requirements of system to be designed.
REPORT
USER REQUIREMENTS
The sahithiya bookshop has two different user groups, the employer (administrator) and the
employees (staff). These users have different way of using the proposed system in their
organization; the detail is summarized in the following table
User Usage
Employer (administrator) To check the details of the stock and sales

and administrate the company
Employee (staff) To run the business:
Store accounts transactions
Make sales
Purchase items
Store stock details
I have used the fact finding methods to identify the user requirements the fact finding methods
contain several sub options to be used such as interview, questionnaire, observation and record
view. I have covered all the sub areas of fact fining in order to fin the user requirements and
their needs.
I had to interview the manager of sahithiya bookshop first in order to find the requirements of
the end user because he is also going to operate the proposed system which I am going to
develop. Using the interview method I found that the sahithiya bookshop needs an online web
based system which can help them in stock controlling and sales areas and also I have found
that the user requires the system for the functions of storing customer details for shipping the
items. I have also found that the end users or even the operators of the system should also

register and log into the system in order for them to operate in the system. I found that the user
of sahithiya bookshop also requires the system to be a kind of advertisement for the
organization.
I have used the questionnaire method of fact finding also in order to find end user requirements.
The questionnaire is a printed set of questions which is distributed to set of people or a person in
order to gather the required information. I presented the manager with a questionnaire and
gathered the following information that they require of the proposed system, I found that the
user requires the company’s brief detail to be presented in the proposed system and the user also
requires the system to be in English language since it’s a common language which can be used
by all the people who access internet. And also I have found that the user requires the
connection between their system with the social websites such as facebook and hi – 5.
I have also used the observation method to find the user requirements and observed and found
out the details of their current stock procedures and what are the necessary requirements to be
made when designing the proposed system and also observed their sales procedures and found
out that way that their sales is being recorded and stored in their manual system and how the
proposed system should be designed to store the details of their sales procedures. Also observed
the staff, manager and the administrator and learnt their roles and needs of the users from the
proposed system.
The last fact finding technique is the record view which is way of searching for old record and
gathering the information. Using this method also I have found about the current system and
how they have been operating up to date the way they record the stock details and sales details
and how they require the new system to be.
I have used all of the above techniques and found out the short comings of the existing system
and the requirements of the user from the new system in order to develop the proposed online
web based system to sahithiya book shop.
I have also used prototyping in this system development project to sahithiya book shop in order
to find out the end user requirements from the system and the short comings of the proposed
system, the prototype is used to show to the client the end user and get feed back and to develop
the system the way the user prefers.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

System requirement is that what the user required system needs in order for it to be a success. In
order to find the system requirements there are specific techniques which can be used mainly
the feasibility study. I have used feasibility study in order to find the requirements of the
system, there are six sub categories under feasibility study such as
 Technical feasibility
 Operational feasibility
 Economical feasibility
 Man power feasibility
 Schedule feasibility
 Legal feasibility
I have used all of the above feasibility studies to find the system requirements and necessary
details in order to complete and find the necessary requirements of the system.
I have used the technical feasibility and found the hardware and software requirements of the
system and tested weather the system is able to use this hardware and the software to complete
the system. Technical feasibility is shown in page number twenty three and twenty four.
I have also used the operational feasibility in order to find weather the users must be trained or
not in order to operate the system and found out that there is no need for a special training
The economical feasibility is used to find the amount which will be spent to complete the
system this feasibility study includes the prices of the hardware components and software
packages and any other costs related to complete the system, this feasibility study is shown in
page number twenty five and twenty six.
I have also used the man power feasibility find out the requirements of the system since if there
is a separate person to operate the system the organization should pay the new staff too, this
amount is spent and included due to the new system and found out the amount to spend on
maintain the new system using man power.
I have used the schedule and legal feasibility to find weather system is developed for a legal
purpose and weather system can be implemented in the organization without delaying their

current work and I have found that the system is legal and I have chosen a way to implement the
system without delaying the organizations current work.
To develop and design this system I have chosen a system development life cycle method, there
are many system development life cycle models available in the market but I have analysed all
the available model and have chosen the correct and effective model to develop the sahithiya
book shops proposed system. I have compared waterfall model and RAD model with DSDM,
V-model, spiral model and agile model and have explained and identified why I have chosen the
RAD and waterfall model and also between RAD and waterfall model I have chosen only one
model that is the RAD model and have given reasons for it.
In a life cycle model it helps to identify the user and system requirements because it has built
with several stages that have to collect information of the requirements of the system and then
develop the system. So also by choosing the SDLC or the system development life cycle models
to create the system I was able to identify the user and system requirements to develop the
project in a successful manner.
And also i have used two diagrams in the project in order to clearly understand the system
process, the dataflow diagram or the DFD and the entity relation ship diagram ERD. These
diagram present a graphical view and map which is easy for me to identify the systems each
process one by one.

REFERENCE LIST
System Analysis and design (2010) [Online]

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SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN IDM

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 1

The new system

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 2

First of all what is a System development life cycle model?

Implementation Planning phase

Design Analysis phase

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 3

Waterfall life cycle model

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF WATERFALL MODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 4

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF V- MODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 5

Rapid application development model (RAD)

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF RAD MODEL

System & acceptance

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 6

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF SPIRALMODEL

Planning Risk analysis

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 7

Dynamic system development model (DSDM)

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF DSDMMODEL

This model is dynamic as it is in its name because it is a rapid application development

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 8

Joint application development model (JAD)

A GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF JADMODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 9

 Encourages quality work

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 10

WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 11

 Coding and testing

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 12

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 13

Rapid application development (RAD)

Prototyping is a model which is used to examine a concept or a process or to act as a thing to

System analysis and specification

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 14

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 15

System and acceptance test

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 16

 Logical system specification

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 17

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 18

IMPORTANCE OF LIFE CYCLE MODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 19

WATER FALL MODEL

ADVANTAGES OF USING WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL

DISADVANTAGES OF USING WATER FALL LIFE CYCLE MODEL

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 20

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 21

Introduction to Feasibility Report

Area of feasibility for proposed system

IDM HND IN COMPUTING AND SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 22

Items Minimum features Brands Selected

Processor Core i3,3.06Ghz or Intel, Celeron , AMD Intel core i3

RAM 4GB Minimum Kingston, Adata, phoenix Adata 4GB

Mouse Optical Sony, mercury, deluxe Sony

Keyboard Multioption USB Logitech,A4tech,Power 3 A4tech

Hard disk 1TB Toshiba , Hitachi, Adata, Hitachi

Power supply 500Vatz Seasonic, Corsair, XFX, Enermax

Monitor LCD 16 inch Mega box, HP, Samsung, Dell