PRACTICE 6

Time allotted: 60 min

I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. abundant B. admission C. demolish D. dynasty
2. A. geological B. harmonious C. institution D. university
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
3. A. pursue B. picturesque C. subsequent D. mausoleum
4. A. expand B. faculty C. flora D. mandatory
III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
5. Over the past 50 years, near-surface air temperatures across Alaska and the Arctic ____ at a rate more than
twice as fast as the global average.
A. increased B. increasing C. being increased D. have increased
6. In the United States, the burning of fossil fuels to make electricity is the largest source of heat-trapping
pollution, ____ about two billion tons of CO2 every year.
A. produce B. produces C. producing D. produced
7. ____ dangerous climate change requires very deep cuts in emissions, as well as the use of alternatives to
fossil fuels worldwide.
A. To curb B. Curb C. Curbing D. Curbed
8. ____ on the World Heritage List, sites must be of outstanding universal value and meet at least one out of ten
selection criteria.
A. To include B. To have included C. To be included D. To be including
9. Once a site has been nominated and evaluated, it is up to the intergovernmental World Heritage Committee to
make the final decision ____ its inscription.
A. on B. for C. by D. at
10. The 14th-century Ho Dynasty citadel, ____ according to the feng shui principles, testifies to the flowering of
neo-Confucianism in late 14th century Vietnam and its spread to other parts of east Asia.
A. to build B. building C. built D. having built
11. Hoi An Ancient Town is an exceptionally well-preserved example of a South-East Asian trading port ____
from the 15th to the 19th century.
A. to date B. dates C. dating D. dated
12. Further Education in the UK provides students ____ an education from the ages of 16 to 18 years old.
A. in B. for C. of D. with
13. Those with higher levels of education tend to be healthier than those of similar income ____ are less
are less educated.
A. who B. that C. which D. those
14. ____ in further education was seen as an insurance against poverty.
A. Invest B. Investment C. Investing D. Investor
15. The city was ____ a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO in 1988.
A. claimed B. announced C. declared D. reported
16. At the moment, students in England, Wales and Northern Ireland are required to pay for both their tuition
fees and ____ expenses.
A. life B. live C. living D. lived
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
17. National Parks and other historic sites are not owned by UNESCO or the UN. They are usually owned by
the local government and a few are in private hands.
A. belonging to a person B. protected carefully
C. having no owner D. controlled by hand
18. According to the world university rankings compiled by the Times Higher Education, more than half of the
world's top 200 universities are located in either the US or the UK.
A. run B. arranged C. collected D. produced
V. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
19. The exhibition of the National Museum of Cambodia also presents a particular aspect of Khmer culture
which is still alive: Kbach.
A. specific B. significant C. strong D. universal
20. When vegetation is removed or burnt, the stored carbon is released back into the atmosphere as CO2,
contributing to global warming.
A. kept B. pushed C. retained D. freed
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the option that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
21. Two visitors are talking to each other.
Visitor A: "Have you ever visited a World Heritage Site, before?" - Visitor B: “____”
A. Well, this is actually the first time I've been to one.
B. It's so interesting to be here with you.
C. It's never too late to visit a place.
D. I've been to a lot of interesting places of the world.
22. Two graduates are talking with each other.
Student A: "Then, are you working or taking a postgraduate course?" - Student B: “____”
A. I think I should earn a living myself rather than live on my parents.
B. I'm for working and getting experience before going into further study.
C. I think taking a postgraduate course when unemployed will really do.
D. I guess, taking a course is better than doing nothing.
VII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park is located in the middle of the Annamite Mountain Range in Quang
Binh province, Vietnam, and shares its boundary (23) ____ the Hin Namno Nature Reserve in the Lao PDR to
the west. The property (24) ____ an area of 123,326 ha and contains terrestrial and aquatic habitats, primary and
secondary forest, sites of natural regeneration, tropical dense forests and savanna and is rich in large, often
spectacular and scientifically significant caves.
The property contains and protects over 104 km of caves and underground rivers making (25) ____ one
of the most outstanding limestone karst ecosystems in the world. (26) ____ karst formation has evolved since
the Palaeozoic period (some 400 million years ago) and as such is the oldest major karst area in Asia. (27) ____
to massive tectonic changes, the karst landscape is extremely complex, comprising a series of rock types that are
interbedded in complex ways and with many geomorphic features. The karst landscape is not only complex but
also ancient with high geodiversity and geomorphic features of considerable significance.
23. A. in B. at C. by D. with
24. A. consists B. comprises C. contains D. combines
25. A. it B. them C. that D. this
26. A. A B. An C. The D. This
27. A. According B. Thanks C. Subject D. Object
VIII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions.
The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that happens when certain gases in Earth's atmosphere trap heat.
These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse.
First, sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, where it is absorbed and then radiates back into the
atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, “greenhouse gases trap some of this heat, and the rest escapes into
space. The more greenhouse gases are in the atmosphere, the more heat gets trapped.
Scientists have known about the greenhouse effect since 1824, when Joseph Fourier calculated that the
Earth would be much colder if it had no atmosphere. This greenhouse effect is what keeps the Earth's climate
livable. Without it, the Earth's surface would be an average of about 60 degrees Fahrenheit cooler.
In 1895, the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius discovered that humans could enhance the greenhouse
effect by making carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. He kicked off 100 years of climate research that has given
us a sophisticated understanding of global warming.
Levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have gone up and down over the Earth's history, but they have been
fairly constant for the past few thousand years. Global average temperatures have stayed fairly constant over
that time as well, until recently. Through the burning of fossil fuels and other GHG emissions, humans are
enhancing the greenhouse effect and warming Earth.
Scientists often use the term "climate change" instead of global warming. This is because as the Earth's
average temperature climbs, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some
areas, warm others, and change the amount of rain and snow falling. As a result, the climate changes differently
in different areas.
28. The passage mainly discusses ____.
A. the greenhouse effect B. climate changes C. greenhouse gases D. global warming
29. The word "radiates" in the passage almost means ____.
A. sends B. releases C. discharges D. travels
30. The phrase "the rest" in the passage refers to ____.
A. sunlight B. gases C. heat D. light
31. The word "livable" in the passage is used to describe that ____.
A. the Earth's climate is suitable for living things
B. the Earth's climate is able to last long
C. the Earth's surface is above 60 degrees Fahrenheit
D. the Earth's climate is full of atmosphere
32. The word "constant" in the passage is closest in meaning to ____.
A. changeable B. stable C. continuously D. always
33. Which of the following is NOT true about greenhouse effect according to the passage?
A. It has been a process that causes global warming.
B. It was not known until the late 19th century.
C. It helps make the Earth's climate good enough for living things.
D. It is commonly caused by carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
34. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The amount of heat trapped increases with the number of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
B. Without greenhouse effect, humans and other living things would not be able to live on Earth.
C. The greenhouse effect has recently become stronger due to humans' activity of burning fossil fuels.
D. The greenhouse effect takes place in certain places on Earth, where the temperature is too high.
IX. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
Further education in Britain means education after the General Certificate of Secondary Education
(GCSE) and General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQ) exam taken around the age of 16. It includes
courses of study leading to A levels which students take at their school or sixth-form college. Some students go
straight to a college of further education which offers a wider range of full- and part-time courses. Further
education also includes training for professional qualifications in nursing, accountancy and management, and in
fields such as art and music. The term higher education is used in Britain and the US to refer to degree courses
at universities.
In the US further education usually means any other education after secondary school. It can mean study
at college, or any study towards a professional qualification, and it can have a meaning similar to that of adult
education or continuing education, i.e. something that people do after completing their main education, often for
personal interest and satisfaction.
Many students in Britain take vocational training courses in fields such as building, engineering, hair-
dressing or secretarial skills. Colleges of further education offer courses leading to National Vocational
Qualifications (NVQs) and other certificates and diplomas. Work-related courses are designed with advice from
industry, with the aim of producing students who will have the skills employers require. On longer courses
students may do placement (AmE internships) (= periods of work) lasting several months with companies. On
other courses, called sandwich courses, students divide their time between periods of paid work and periods of
study. A common arrangement is for students to get day release from their work to attend college one or two
days a week over several years. Some students do a formal apprenticeship, learning their skills on the job and
attending college part-time.
The British government is keen to persuade more young people to remain in education as long as
possible to build up a more highly skilled, better educated workforce. About 3.9 million people take part-time
further education courses, while another 1.1 million are full-time students.
35. The best title for the passage could be ____.
A. Further Education in Britain B. Higher Education in the US
C. Higher Education in Britain D. Further Education in the US
36. The word "which" in the passage refers to ____.
A. courses of study B. A levels C. further education D. GCSE and FNVQ exams
37. The word "It" in the passage refers to ____.
A. further education B. study at college C. adult education D. continuing education
38. Which of the following is true according the passage?
A. Higher education in the UK provides non-degree courses in professional training.
B. In the US, when you do self-study, you are doing further education.
C. Vocational training courses are neither included in further nor higher education.
D. In Britain, people can work and take further educations courses at the same time.
39. The phrase "day release" in the passage almost means ____.
A. having the day off B. the Independence Day
C. a day out of work D. a hard working day
40. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. British workers are better trained than their American fellows.
B. In Britain, vocational training courses are practically job-related.
C. In America, vocational training courses charge no fee at all.
D. Taking vocational courses makes it easier for people to find a job.
41. Which of the following can best describe Britain's workforce according to the passage?
A. well-informed B. well-trained C. well-paid D. well-known
42. The passage is most likely taken from ____.
A. a textbook for secondary school students
B. a brochure for foreign visitors to Britain
C. a guidebook to British and American culture
D. a journal for educational experts in the UK and US
X. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
43. Both countries share a rich tradition of quality higher educations, excellent research facilities, and a culture
A B C
that promotes intellectualism as well as academic freedom.
D
44. Among thousands interesting places in Vietnam, there are a total of 7 World Heritage Sites recognized by
A B C
UNESCO, and these Heritage Sites help Vietnam a lot in earning tourists through years.
D
45. Scientists agree that the earth's rising temperatures are fueling longer and hotter hot waves, more frequent
A B C
droughts, heavier rainfalls, and more powerful hurricanes.
D
XI. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
46. Many young people only experienced unemployment for a short period before going into further education.
A. To go into further education, many young people only have to experience unemployment.
B. Many young people do not work for a short period before they enter a further education institution.
C. Before starting their further education, a lot of young people are just out of work for a while.
D. Experiencing unemployment for a short period, many young people go into further education.
47. The higher education system in the United States has been a model for many nations.
A. The higher education system in the United States outdoes those of many other nations.
B. Many other nations construct the model of higher education system in the United States.
C. The higher education system in the United States has been copied by many nations.
D. Many nations take the model of higher education system in the United States as theirs.
48. Current researchers tend to believe that Machu Picchu was a country resort for elite Incas.
A. It is believed by current researchers that Machu Picchu was a country resort for elite Incas.
B. Machu Picchu has always been believed to have been built as a country resort for elite Incas.
C. Nowadays, researchers claim that Machu Picchu was built as a country resort for elite Incas.
D. It seems that current researchers believe Machu Picchu was a country resort for elite Incas.
XII. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the
following questions.
49. Higher education is important to national economies as an industry in its own right. It is also important as a
source of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy.
A. Higher education is important to national economies, both as an industry, in its own right, and as a
source of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy.
B. Important to national economies as an industry in its own right, higher education is more important as
a source of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy.
C. Despite its own right as an important industry to national economies, higher education is more
important as a source of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy.
D. As an important industry to national economies, higher education plays an important role as a source
of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy.
50. The only power UNESCO has is to have a site delisted as a World Heritage Site. This has happened so far
twice in its history.
A. UNESCO has the only power to have a site delisted as a World Heritage Site, which has happened so
far twice in its history.
B. The only power UNESCO has is to have a site delisted as a World Heritage Site, which has happened
so far twice in its history.
C. To have a site delisted as a World Heritage Site is the only power that UNESCO has in its history and
this has happened so far twice.
D. In its history, UNESCO has had the only power to have a site delisted as a World Heritage Site twice.