NUR11O1 Integrated Human Anatomy and Physiology

Department of Biology
Institute of Arts and Sciences
Far Eastern University

LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 9

SENSES

I. INTRODUCTION
The special senses are important that are made up of very complex receptor apparatus in
order to respond properly to specific stimulus.

II. GIVE THE MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF THE SPECIAL SENSES

There are five special senses in the body, namely: olfaction, taste, vision, hearing, and balance.
Olfaction senses function to recognize and detect smell coming from odorants which are
molecules in the air. The sense of taste gives us the ability to determine the taste of food through
the taste buds in our tongue which detects different types of taste sensations. Vision plays an
important role in providing information to our brain because the visual inputs we see through the
light passing in the eyes are brought by action potentials to the brain to be processed. Hearing
functions in translating sounds through the collection of vibrations by the ear. Balance is important
in maintaining the body’s equilibrium which is important in movement.

III. ANATOMY OF THE EAR AND EYE

Below are labelled diagrammatic illustrations showing the internal anatomy of the (a) ear
and (b) eye. Examine each diagram and correctly identify the mislabelled parts of the
organ. Find the labels that are misplaced. Write your answer on the space provided for
each item.
a. Internal anatomy of Ear

Misplaced labels (4):

1. Vestibule
2. Cochlea
3. Semicircular
4. Auditory ossicles

Fig. 9A The Human Brain

©Biofacultymember2020
NUR11O1 Integrated Human Anatomy and Physiology
Department of Biology
Institute of Arts and Sciences
Far Eastern University

b. Internal Anatomy of Eye

Misplaced labels (6):

1. Medial rectus muscle

2. Lateral rectus muscle
3. Cornea
4. Sclera
5. Retina
6. Choroid

Fig. 9B The Eye

IV. ASSESSMENT

True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

____ 1. A deep bridge of nerve fiber known as the corpus callosum connects the two cerebral
hemispheres.

____ 2. The sclera regulates the amount of light that enters through the pupil.

____ 3. Tetanus is caused by the introduction of the bacterium clostridium tetani into an open
wound.

____ 4. Otitis media is another name for a middle ear infection, a common occurrence in
young children.

____ 5. Cerebral palsy is a condition caused by inflammation of brain tissue, usually caused
by a virus and transmitted by the bite of a mosquito.

©Biofacultymember2020
NUR11O1 Integrated Human Anatomy and Physiology
Department of Biology
Institute of Arts and Sciences
Far Eastern University

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.

6. ____________________ is a condition caused by excessive pressure build up in the

aqueous humor, which can constrict blood vessels entering the eye.

7. The ability of the eye to see distant objects but not close ones is known as farsightedness
or ____________________.

8. The scotoma is also known as the blind spot of the eye.

9. The posterior part of the eye is filled with vitreous humor, which maintains ocular
pressure, refracts or bends light, and holds the retina and lens in place.

10. The ear canal is lined with hairs and modified sebaceous glands called ceruminous
glands.

11. The ability to see close objects but not distant ones is known as nearsightedness or
Myopia.

12. Constant stimulation of the semicircular canals of the inner ear due to the motion of a car,
boat, or airplane, resulting in nausea and weakness, causes a condition known as motion
sickness.

13. The diencephalon is superior to the midbrain and between the two cerebral hemispheres.

14. The taste buds are the sensory structures for taste found on the tongue.

15. The iris regulates the amount of light that enters through the pupil.

Matching
Match each statement with the correct item below.

a. transmits impulses related to equilibrium and hearing

b. controls muscles involved in speech and swallowing
c. helps control swallowing and movements of the head
d. controls movements in the pharynx, larynx, and palate
e. controls muscles of facial expression

E. 16. facial nerve

____17. vagus nerve

____18. accessory nerve

©Biofacultymember2020
NUR11O1 Integrated Human Anatomy and Physiology
Department of Biology
Institute of Arts and Sciences
Far Eastern University

____19. hypoglossal nerve

____20. vestibulocochlear nerve

Match each statement with the correct item below.

a. nearsightedness
b. farsightedness
c. decreased ability to accommodate for near vision
d. excessive pressure buildup in the aqueous humor
e. constant stimulus of the semicircular canals
f. inability to perceive one or more colors
g. middle ear infection
h. bacterial infection of the conjunctiva of the eye

____ 21. motion sickness

____ 22. glaucoma

____ 23. conjunctivitis

____ 24. hyperopia

____ 25. color blindness

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