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Administrative Litigation Law of the

People’s Republic of China (2015 amended
version)
中华⼈人⺠民共和国⾏行行政诉讼法
The National People’s Congress Standing Committee

ADOPTED
November 1, 2014

EFFECTIVE
May 1, 2015

第⼀一章　总则
第⼆二章　受案范围
第三章　管辖
第四章　诉讼参加⼈人
第五章　证据
第六章　起诉和受理理
第七章　审理理和判决
第⼀一节⼀一般规定
第⼆二节　第⼀一审普通程序
第三节　简易易程序
第四节　第⼆二审程序
第五节　审判监督程序
第⼋八章　执⾏行行
第九章　涉外⾏行行政诉讼
第⼗十章　附则
Contents
Chapter I: General Provisions
Chapter II: Scope of Case Acceptance
Chapter III: Jurisdiction
Chapter IV: Litigation Participants
Chapter V: Evidence
Chapter VI: Raising and Accepting Cases
Chapter VII: Trial and Judgment
Section 1: Ordinary Provisions
Section 2: Ordinary First-Instance Trial Procedures
Section 3: Summary Procedures
Section 4: Second-instance Trial Procedures
Section 5: Trial Supervision Procedures
Chapter VIII: Enforcement
Chapter IX: Administrative Litigation involving Foreign Interests
Chapter X: Supplementary Provisions

第⼀一章　总则
第⼀一条 为保证⼈人⺠民法院公正、及时审理理⾏行行政案件，解决⾏行行政争议，
保护公⺠民、法⼈人和其他组织的合法权益，监督⾏行行政机关依法⾏行行使⾏行行
政职权，根据宪法，制定本法。
CHAPTER I: GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1: Pursuant to the Constitution, this Law is enacted for the

purposes of ensuring the just and prompt handling of administrative cases
by the people's courts, resolving administrative disputes, protecting the
lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other
organizations, and supervising the exercise of administrative powers by
administrative organs in accordance with the law.

第⼆二条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织认为⾏行行政机关和⾏行行政机关⼯工作⼈人员
的⾏行行政⾏行行为侵犯其合法权益，有权依照本法向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼。
前款所称⾏行行政⾏行行为，包括法律律、法规、规章授权的组织作出的⾏行行政
⾏行行为。
Article 2: Citizens, legal persons or other organizations feeling that their
lawful rights and interests have been infringed upon by an administrative
act of an administrative organ or its personnel, have the right to bring a
suit before a people's court in accordance with this Law.
Administrative acts as used in the preceding paragraph includes
administrative actions made by organizations authorized under laws,
regulations or rules.

第三条 ⼈人⺠民法院应当保障公⺠民、法⼈人和其他组织的起诉权利利，对应
当受理理的⾏行行政案件依法受理理。
⾏行行政机关及其⼯工作⼈人员不得⼲干预、阻碍⼈人⺠民法院受理理⾏行行政案件。
被诉⾏行行政机关负责⼈人应当出庭应诉。不能出庭的，应当委托⾏行行政机
关相应的⼯工作⼈人员出庭。
Article 3: People's courts shall protect citizens, legal persons and other
organizations' right to sue, and accept in accordance with law those
administrative cases that should be accepted and heard.
Administrative organs and their staff must not interfere with or impede
people’s Courts acceptance of administrative cases.
The responsible party of administrative organs being sued shall appear in
court to respond to the suit. Where they cannot appear in court, they shall
entrust relevant personnel from the administrative organ to appear in
court.

第四条 ⼈人⺠民法院依法对⾏行行政案件独立⾏行行使审判权，不受⾏行行政机关、
社会团体和个⼈人的⼲干涉。
⼈人⺠民法院设⾏行行政审判庭，审理理⾏行行政案件。
第五条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，以事实为根据，以法律律为准绳。
第六条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，对⾏行行政⾏行行为是否合法进⾏行行审查。
第七条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，依法实⾏行行合议、回避、公开审判和
两审终审制度。
第⼋八条 当事⼈人在⾏行行政诉讼中的法律律地位平等。
Article 4: People's courts shall, in accordance with the law, exercise
judicial power independently over administrative cases, and receive no
interference from administrative organs, social groups or individuals.
People’s Courts establish administrative trial divisions, hearing
administrative cases.
Article 5: People's courts hearing administrative cases, have the facts as
their basis and law as their measure.
Article 6: People's courts hearing administrative cases, review the legality
of administrative acts.
Article 7: People's courts hearing administrative cases shall, in
accordance with law, carry out the collegial panel, recusal, public trial and
second-instance trial as final judgment systems.
Article 8: Parties in administrative lawsuits have equal legal positions.

第九条 各⺠民族公⺠民都有⽤用本⺠民族语⾔言、⽂文字进⾏行行⾏行行政诉讼的权利利。
在少数⺠民族聚居或者多⺠民族共同居住的地区，⼈人⺠民法院应当⽤用当地
⺠民族通⽤用的语⾔言、⽂文字进⾏行行审理理和发布法律律⽂文书。
⼈人⺠民法院应当对不通晓当地⺠民族通⽤用的语⾔言、⽂文字的诉讼参与⼈人提
供翻译。
Article 9: Citizens of all ethnicities have the right to use their ethnic
language and script to conduct administrative litigation.
In areas inhabited by ethnic minorities where several ethnicities live
together, people’s courts shall conduct adjudication and issue legal
documents in the languages and scripts commonly used by the local
ethnicities.
People’s courts shall provide translation for litigation participants who do
not understand the language or script commonly used by the local
nationalities.

第⼗十条 当事⼈人在⾏行行政诉讼中有权进⾏行行辩论。
第⼗十⼀一条 ⼈人⺠民检察院有权对⾏行行政诉讼实⾏行行法律律监督。
Article 10: In administrative lawsuits, the parties have the right to
conduct debate.
Article 11: People's Procuratorate have the right to exercise legal
supervision over administrative lawsuits.

第⼆二章　受案范围

第⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院受理理公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织提起的下列列诉讼：
(⼀一)对⾏行行政拘留留、暂扣或者吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收
违法所得、没收非法财物、罚款、警告等⾏行行政处罚不服的；
(⼆二)对限制⼈人⾝身⾃自由或者对财产的查封、扣押、冻结等⾏行行政强制措施
和⾏行行政强制执⾏行行不服的；
(三)申请⾏行行政许可，⾏行行政机关拒绝或者在法定期限内不予答复，或者
对⾏行行政机关作出的有关⾏行行政许可的其他决定不服的；
(四)对⾏行行政机关作出的关于确认⼟土地、矿藏、⽔水流、森林林、⼭山岭、草
原、荒地、滩涂、海海域等⾃自然资源的所有权或者使⽤用权的决定不服
的；
(五)对征收、征⽤用决定及其补偿决定不服的；
(六)申请⾏行行政机关履⾏行行保护⼈人⾝身权、财产权等合法权益的法定职责，
⾏行行政机关拒绝履⾏行行或者不予答复的；
(七)认为⾏行行政机关侵犯其经营⾃自主权或者农村⼟土地承包经营权、农村
⼟土地经营权的；
(⼋八)认为⾏行行政机关滥⽤用⾏行行政权⼒力力排除或者限制竞争的；
(九)认为⾏行行政机关违法集资、摊派费⽤用或者违法要求履⾏行行其他义务
的；
(⼗十)认为⾏行行政机关没有依法⽀支付抚恤⾦金金、最低⽣生活保障待遇或者社会
保险待遇的；
(⼗十⼀一)认为⾏行行政机关不依法履⾏行行、未按照约定履⾏行行或者违法变更更、解
除政府特许经营协议、⼟土地房屋征收补偿协议等协议的；
(⼗十⼆二)认为⾏行行政机关侵犯其他⼈人⾝身权、财产权等合法权益的。
除前款规定外，⼈人⺠民法院受理理法律律、法规规定可以提起诉讼的其他
⾏行行政案件。
C H A P T E R I I : S C O P E O F C A S E A C C E P TA N C E

Article 12: Peoples Courts accept the following lawsuits brought by

citizens, legal persons or other organizations:
(1）Where one does not accept an administrative punishment such as
administrative detention, the withholding or revocation of a license or
permit, an order to stop production and operations, confiscation of
unlawful gains, confiscation of illegal property, fines or warnings；
(2）Where one does not accept compulsory administrative measures and
compulsory administrative enforcement, such as limits on personal
freedom or the sealing, seizing or freezing of property;
(3）Where an application for an administrative permit was refused by an
administrative organ or it did not respond with the periord provided by
law; or where one does not accept other decisions made by administrative
organs regarding administrative permits.
(4）Where one does not accept a decision by administrative organ
regarding determination of ownership or usage rights for natural resources
such as land, minerals, water, forests, mountains, grasslands, uncultivated
lands, tidal flats and sea areas;
(5) Where one does not accept a decision on expropriation, requisition or
the compensation therefore;
(6）Where on application to an administrative organ to carry out its duty
to protect lawful rights and interests such as rights in person or property,
the administrative organ refuses to perform or does not respond.
(7）Where it is felt that an administrative organ has violated their
management autonomy or rural land contract management rights and
rural land contract operations management rights.;
(8）Where it is felt that an administrative organ has abused its
administrative powers to exclude or limit competition;
(9）Where it is felt that an administrative organ has illegally fund-raised,
apportioned charges or unlawfully requested the performance of other
duties;
(10) Where it is found that an administrative organ has not made payment
in accordance with law of casualty compensation or minimum living
allowance benefits, or social security benefits ;
(11) Where is found that an administrative organ has not performed in
accordance with law, has not performed as agreed, or has made unlawful
modifications to or dissolved a government licensed management
agreement, a land and housing acquisition compensation agreement, or
other agreement;
(12）Where it is felt that an administrative organ has violated rights in
person or property, or other lawful interests.
Outside of those provided in the preceding paragraphs, people’s courts
accept other administrative cases that laws and regulations provide may be
raised.

第⼗十三条 ⼈人⺠民法院不受理理公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织对下列列事项提起
的诉讼：
(⼀一)国防、外交等国家⾏行行为；
(⼆二)⾏行行政法规、规章或者⾏行行政机关制定、发布的具有普遍约束⼒力力的决
定、命令；
(三)⾏行行政机关对⾏行行政机关⼯工作⼈人员的奖惩、任免等决定；
(四)法律律规定由⾏行行政机关最终裁决的⾏行行政⾏行行为。
Article 13: People's courts do not accept the following lawsuit raised by
citizens, legal persons or other organizations:
(1）Acts of state such as defense and foreign affairs;
(2）Administrative rules, regulations or decisions and orders formulated
and released by administrative organs that are widely binding;
(3）administrative organs’ decisions on administrative organ personnel,
such as rewards and punishments, or appointments and terminations ;
(4） administrative acts for which the laws provide that an administrative
organ has the final judgment.

第三章　管辖

第⼗十四条 基层⼈人⺠民法院管辖第⼀一审⾏行行政案件。
第⼗十五条 中级⼈人⺠民法院管辖下列列第⼀一审⾏行行政案件：
(⼀一)对国务院部⻔门或者县级以上地⽅方⼈人⺠民政府所作的⾏行行政⾏行行为提起诉
讼的案件；
(⼆二)海海关处理理的案件；
(三)本辖区内重⼤大、复杂的案件；
(四)其他法律律规定由中级⼈人⺠民法院管辖的案件。
CHAPTER III: JURISDICTION

Article 14: Basic level people's court have jurisdiction over first-instance
trials of administrative cases.
Article 15: Intermediate People's Court have first-instance jurisdiction
over the following administrative cases:
(1) Cases of litigation against administrative acts by any department of the
state council or a local people’s government at the county level or above；
(2) Cases handled by Customs;
(3) significant and complicated cases in the jurisdictional region;
(4) Other cases where the jurisdiction of intermediate courts is provided
for by law.

第⼗十六条 ⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院管辖本辖区内重⼤大、复杂的第⼀一审⾏行行政案
件。
第⼗十七条 最⾼高⼈人⺠民法院管辖全国范围内重⼤大、复杂的第⼀一审⾏行行政案
件。
第⼗十⼋八条 ⾏行行政案件由最初作出⾏行行政⾏行行为的⾏行行政机关所在地⼈人⺠民法院
管辖。经复议的案件，也可以由复议机关所在地⼈人⺠民法院管辖。
经最⾼高⼈人⺠民法院批准，⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院可以根据审判⼯工作的实际情
况，确定若若⼲干⼈人⺠民法院跨⾏行行政区域管辖⾏行行政案件。
第⼗十九条 对限制⼈人⾝身⾃自由的⾏行行政强制措施不服提起的诉讼，由被告
所在地或者原告所在地⼈人⺠民法院管辖。
第⼆二⼗十条 因不动产提起的⾏行行政诉讼，由不动产所在地⼈人⺠民法院管
辖。
Article 16: High people's courts have jurisdiction over significant and
complicated first-instance administrative cases in the jurisdictional region.
Article 17: The Supreme People's Court has nationwide jurisdiction
nationwide over significant and complicated first-instance administrative
cases.
Article 18: Administrative cases are in the jurisdiction of the people's
court in the area of the administrative organ that first took the
administrative act. For cases that have had a reconsideration, jurisdiction
may also be had by the people's court at the location of the reconsidering
organ.
Upon approval from the Supreme People’s Court, High People’s Courts
may, on the basis of the actual situation of their work, designate several
intermediate courts with jurisdiction areas for administrative cases that
crosses administrative regions.
Article 19: Lawsuits raised against compulsory measures that limit
personal freedom, are in the jurisdiction of the people's court at the place
of the defendant or plaintiff.
Article 20: Administrative cases raised due to immovable property, are in
the jurisdiction of the people's court for the area where the immovable
property sits.

第⼆二⼗十⼀一条 两个以上⼈人⺠民法院都有管辖权的案件，原告可以选择其
中⼀一个⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼。原告向两个以上有管辖权的⼈人⺠民法院提
起诉讼的，由最先立案的⼈人⺠民法院管辖。
第⼆二⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院发现受理理的案件不属于本院管辖的，应当移送
有管辖权的⼈人⺠民法院，受移送的⼈人⺠民法院应当受理理。受移送的⼈人⺠民
法院认为受移送的案件按照规定不属于本院管辖的，应当报请上级
⼈人⺠民法院指定管辖，不得再⾃自⾏行行移送。
Article 21: In cases where two or more people's courts have jurisdiction
rights, the plaintiff may choose one of these people's courts to bring a
lawsuit. Where the plaintiff brings suit in two or more people's courts with
jurisdiction rights, the first people's court to file the case has jurisdiction.
Article 22: Where people's courts discover that a case they have accepted
is not within their jurisdiction, they shall transfer it to a people's court
with jurisdiction, and the people's court receiving it shall accept it. Where
the receiving people's court finds that in accordance with provisions it is
not within the jurisdiction of that court, it shall report to the higher level
people's court to designate jurisdiction, and must not transfer it a gain.

第⼆二⼗十三条 有管辖权的⼈人⺠民法院由于特殊原因不能⾏行行使管辖权的，
由上级⼈人⺠民法院指定管辖。
⼈人⺠民法院对管辖权发⽣生争议，由争议双⽅方协商解决。协商不成的，
报它们的共同上级⼈人⺠民法院指定管辖。
第⼆二⼗十四条 上级⼈人⺠民法院有权审理理下级⼈人⺠民法院管辖的第⼀一审⾏行行政
案件。
下级⼈人⺠民法院对其管辖的第⼀一审⾏行行政案件，认为需要由上级⼈人⺠民法
院审理理或者指定管辖的，可以报请上级⼈人⺠民法院决定。
Article 23: Where a people's court with jurisdiction rights is for special
reasons unable to exercise jurisdiction, the people's court at the level above
designates jurisdiction.
If dispute occurs between people’s courts regarding jurisdiction, the two
sides to the dispute shall resolve it through consultation. If consultation
does not succeed, it shall be reported to the court above them both to
designate jurisdiction.
Article 24: Higher level people's courts have the right to hear
administrative cases over which lower people's courts have first-instance
jurisdiction.
Where lower people’s courts feel that an administrative case over which
they have first-instance jurisdiction needs to heard by a higher level
people’s court or have jurisdiction designated, they may report the
situation to the people’s court above for a decision.

第四章　诉讼参加⼈人

第⼆二⼗十五条 ⾏行行政⾏行行为的相对⼈人以及其他与⾏行行政⾏行行为有利利害关系的公
⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织，有权提起诉讼。
有权提起诉讼的公⺠民死亡，其近亲属可以提起诉讼。
有权提起诉讼的法⼈人或者其他组织终⽌止，承受其权利利的法⼈人或者其
他组织可以提起诉讼。
C H A P T E R I V : L I T I G AT I O N P A R T I C I P A N T S

Article 25: The object of an administrative act and other citizens, legal
persons or other organizations with interests in an administrative act, have
the right to bring a lawsuit.
If the citizen with the right to bring a lawsuit is deceased, his close family
members may bring the lawsuit.
If a legal person or other organization is terminated, the legal person of
other organization inheriting its rights may bring a lawsuit.

第⼆二⼗十六条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织直接向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼的，
作出⾏行行政⾏行行为的⾏行行政机关是被告。
经复议的案件，复议机关决定维持原⾏行行政⾏行行为的，作出原⾏行行政⾏行行为
的⾏行行政机关和复议机关是共同被告；复议机关改变原⾏行行政⾏行行为的，
复议机关是被告。
复议机关在法定期限内未作出复议决定，公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织
起诉原⾏行行政⾏行行为的，作出原⾏行行政⾏行行为的⾏行行政机关是被告；起诉复议
机关不作为的，复议机关是被告。
两个以上⾏行行政机关作出同⼀一⾏行行政⾏行行为的，共同作出⾏行行政⾏行行为的⾏行行政
机关是共同被告。
⾏行行政机关委托的组织所作的⾏行行政⾏行行为，委托的⾏行行政机关是被告。
⾏行行政机关被撤销或者职权变更更的，继续⾏行行使其职权的⾏行行政机关是被
告。
Article 26: Where a citizen, legal person or other organization directly
brings a lawsuit before a people's court, the administrative organ that took
the administrative act is the defendant.
Where, upon reconsideration of a case, the reconsidering organ sustains
the original administrative act, the administrative organ that took the
original administrative act and the reconsideration organ are joint
defendants; if the reconsidering organ has changed the original
administrative act, the reconsidering organ is the defendant.
Where a reconsideration organ has not issued a reconsideration decision
within the statutory time period, and citizens, legal persons or other
organizations file suit on the original administrative action, the
administrative organ which made the original administrative act is the
defendant; where the suit is on the reconsideration organ’s inaction, the
reconsideration organ is the defendant.
Where two or more administrative organs have taken the same
administrative act, the administrative organs that have jointly undertaken
the administrative act are joint defendants.
Administrative acts taken by an organization entrusted by an
administrative organ, the entrusting administrative organ is the defendant.
Where an administrative organ has been abolished or its powers modified,
the administrative organ that continues to perform its powers is the
defendant.

第⼆二⼗十七条 当事⼈人⼀一⽅方或者双⽅方为⼆二⼈人以上，因同⼀一⾏行行政⾏行行为发⽣生
的⾏行行政案件，或者因同类⾏行行政⾏行行为发⽣生的⾏行行政案件、⼈人⺠民法院认为
可以合并审理理并经当事⼈人同意的，为共同诉讼。
第⼆二⼗十⼋八条 当事⼈人⼀一⽅方⼈人数众多的共同诉讼，可以由当事⼈人推选代
表⼈人进⾏行行诉讼。代表⼈人的诉讼⾏行行为对其所代表的当事⼈人发⽣生效⼒力力，
但代表⼈人变更更、放弃诉讼请求或者承认对⽅方当事⼈人的诉讼请求，应
当经被代表的当事⼈人同意。
Article 27: In administrative cases arising from a single administrative
act, or administrative cases arising from a common type of administrative
act, where there are two or more persons in the parties of one or both sides,
and the people's court feel they cases may be merged for trial, it will be a
joint suit with the consent of the parties.
Article 28: For joint actions were one party is a large group of people, the
party may select a representative to conduct the litigation. For joint
actions were one party is a large group of people, the party may select a
representative to conduct the litigation. The legal acts of the
representative shall take effect for the party represented, except that
changes to or waiver of any claim, or concessions to the other parties'
demands, shall be upon consent of the represented party.

第⼆二⼗十九条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织同被诉⾏行行政⾏行行为有利利害关系但
没有提起诉讼，或者同案件处理理结果有利利害关系的，可以作为第三
⼈人申请参加诉讼，或者由⼈人⺠民法院通知参加诉讼。
⼈人⺠民法院判决第三⼈人承担义务或者减损第三⼈人权益的，第三⼈人有权
依法提起上诉。
第三⼗十条 没有诉讼⾏行行为能⼒力力的公⺠民，由其法定代理理⼈人代为诉讼。法
定代理理⼈人互相推诿代理理责任的，由⼈人⺠民法院指定其中⼀一⼈人代为诉
讼。
Article 29: Citizens, legal persons or other organizations that have
interests in an administrative action that is subject to litigation but have
not brought suit, or those with interests in the outcome of the case
disposition, may apply to participate in the litigation as a third party or be
notified by the people’s court to participate in the litigation.
Where people’s courts rule that third parties bear obligations or limit the
rights of third parties, the third parties have the right to appeal in
accordance with law.
Article 30: Citizen's without capacity for litigation, are represented by
their legally-designated representatives in court. Where the legally-
designated representative struggle among themselves over the
responsibility, the people's court appoint one of them to handle the lawsuit.

第三⼗十⼀一条 当事⼈人、法定代理理⼈人，可以委托⼀一⾄至⼆二⼈人作为诉讼代理理
⼈人。
下列列⼈人员可以被委托为诉讼代理理⼈人：
(⼀一)律律师、基层法律律服务⼯工作者；
(⼆二)当事⼈人的近亲属或者⼯工作⼈人员；
(三)当事⼈人所在社区、单位以及有关社会团体推荐的公⺠民。
Article 31: Parties and their legally-designated representatives may retain
one or two persons as agents ad litem.
The following persons may be retained as agents ad litem:
(1) lawyers or basic-level legal service workers；
(2) The close relatives or staff of the parties；
(3) Citizens recommended by the parties’ community, workplace or social
groups.

第三⼗十⼆二条 代理理诉讼的律律师，有权按照规定查阅、复制本案有关材
料料，有权向有关组织和公⺠民调查，收集与本案有关的证据。对涉及
国家秘密、商业秘密和个⼈人隐私的材料料，应当依照法律律规定保密。
当事⼈人和其他诉讼代理理⼈人有权按照规定查阅、复制本案庭审材料料，
但涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个⼈人隐私的内容除外。
Article 32: A lawyer representing in a case has the right to consult and
reproduce materials pertaining to that case in accordance with rules, and
the rights to investigate and collect evidence relevant to the case from the
involved organizations and citizens. For information that involves state
secrets, commercial secrets or the individuals' privacy, confidentiality shall
be kept in accordance with provisions of the law.
Parties and their agents ad litem have the right to consult or reproduce
materials relating to that case’s court proceedings in accordance with rules,
but excepting those involving state secrets, commercial secrets or
individuals’ privacy.

第五章　证据

第三⼗十三条 证据包括：
(⼀一)书证；
(⼆二)物证；
(三)视听资料料；
(四)电⼦子数据
(五)证⼈人证⾔言；
(六)当事⼈人的陈述；
(七)鉴定意⻅见；
(⼋八)勘验笔录、现场笔录。
以上证据经法庭审查属实，才能作为认定案件事实的根据。
C H A P T E R V: E V I D E N C E

Article 33: Evidence includes:

(1) documentary evidence;
(2) physical evidence;
(3) audio-visual materials;
(4) electronic data;
(5) witness testimony;
(6) the statements of the parties;
(7) evaluation opinions;
(8) Inquest records, and on-scene records.
The evidence above must be verified as true in court before it can be used
as the basis for determining the facts of the case.

第三⼗十四条 被告对作出的⾏行行政⾏行行为负有举证责任，应当提供作出该
⾏行行政⾏行行为的证据和所依据的规范性⽂文件。
被告不提供或者无正当理理由逾期提供证据，视为没有相应证据。但
是，被诉⾏行行政⾏行行为涉及第三⼈人合法权益，第三⼈人提供证据的除外。
Article 34: The defendant shall have the burden of presenting evidence
on administrative acts it has taken and shall provide the evidence and
normative documents on which taking the administrative act was based.
If defendants do not produce evidence, or delay production without
legitimate reason, it will be found that there is no relevant evidence
However, where a third party’s lawful rights and interests are involved in
the administrative actions, this does not include evidence provided by the
third party.

第三⼗十五条 在诉讼过程中，被告及其诉讼代理理⼈人不得⾃自⾏行行向原告、
第三⼈人和证⼈人收集证据。
第三⼗十六条 被告在作出⾏行行政⾏行行为时已经收集了了证据，但因不可抗⼒力力
等正当事由不能提供的，经⼈人⺠民法院准许，可以延期提供。
原告或者第三⼈人提出了了其在⾏行行政处理理程序中没有提出的理理由或者证
据的，经⼈人⺠民法院准许，被告可以补充证据。
第三⼗十七条 原告可以提供证明⾏行行政⾏行行为违法的证据。原告提供的证
据不成立的，不免除被告的举证责任。
Article 35: In the course of the lawsuit, the defendants and their legally-
designated representatives must not themselves collect evidence from the
plaintiff, third persons or witnesses.
Article 36: Where the defendant had already gathered evidence when it
took the administrative action, but due to force majeure or other
legitimate reasons cannot provide it, the period for provision may be
extended upon permission of the people's court.
Where the plaintiff or a third-party submits reasoning or evidence that was
not raised during the administrative disposition procedures, upon getting
the permission of the people’s court.the defendant may supplement
evidence.
Article 37: The plaintiff may provide evidence showing that an
administrative act was unlawful. Where the evidence provided by the
plaintiff is not sustained, this does not waive the defendants' responsibility
to present evidence.

第三⼗十⼋八条 在起诉被告不履⾏行行法定职责的案件中，原告应当提供其
向被告提出申请的证据。但有下列列情形之⼀一的除外：
(⼀一)被告应当依职权主动履⾏行行法定职责的；
(⼆二)原告因正当理理由不能提供证据的。
在⾏行行政赔偿、补偿的案件中，原告应当对⾏行行政⾏行行为造成的损害提供
证据。因被告的原因导致原告无法举证的，由被告承担举证责任。
Article 38: In cases raised about the defendants not performing legally
prescribed duties, the plaintiff shall provide evidence of the request he
submitted to the defendant. However, there is an exception in any of the
following situations:
(1) where the defendant should proactively perform a statutory duty in
accordance with the powers of its office；
(2) Where the plaintiff has a legitimate reason for being unable to provide
evidence.
During cases of administrative compensation or subsidies, the plaintiff
shall provide evidences showing the damage caused by the administrative
action. Where the defendant has caused the plaintiff to be unable to
provide evidence, the burden of proof shall fall upon the defendant.

第三⼗十九条 ⼈人⺠民法院有权要求当事⼈人提供或者补充证据。
第四⼗十条 ⼈人⺠民法院有权向有关⾏行行政机关以及其他组织、公⺠民调取证
据。但是，不得为证明⾏行行政⾏行行为的合法性调取被告作出⾏行行政⾏行行为时
未收集的证据。
Article 39: People's courts have the right to request the parties provide or
supplement evidence.
Article 40: People's courts have the right to collect evidence from
relevant administrative organs, as well as other organizations and citizens.
However, they must not collect evidence not gathered at the time the
administrative act was take, for the purpose of proving the legality of the
administrative act.

第四⼗十⼀一条 与本案有关的下列列证据，原告或者第三⼈人不能⾃自⾏行行收集
的，可以申请⼈人⺠民法院调取：
(⼀一)由国家机关保存⽽而须由⼈人⺠民法院调取的证据；
(⼆二)涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个⼈人隐私的证据；
(三)确因客观原因不能⾃自⾏行行收集的其他证据。
Article 41: Where the following evidence is related to a case, and the
plaintiff or a third party cannot collect it of their own volition, they may
request the people's court to collect it：
(1) evidence that is kept by government organs and needs to be collected by
the people’s court；
(2) evidence that touches on state secrets, commercial secrets and personal
privacy；
(3) Other evidence that they truly cannot gather by themselves for
objective reasons.
第四⼗十⼆二条 在证据可能灭失或者以后难以取得的情况下，诉讼参加
⼈人可以向⼈人⺠民法院申请保全证据，⼈人⺠民法院也可以主动采取保全措
施。
第四⼗十三条 证据应当在法庭上出示，并由当事⼈人互相质证。对涉及
国家秘密、商业秘密和个⼈人隐私的证据，不得在公开开庭时出示。
⼈人⺠民法院应当按照法定程序，全⾯面、客观地审查核实证据。对未采
纳的证据应当在裁判⽂文书中说明理理由。
以非法⼿手段取得的证据，不得作为认定案件事实的根据。
Article 42: In circumstances where evidence might be destroyed or lost or
difficult to obtain later on, litigation participants may apply to the people's
court to preserve the evidience, and the people's court may also proactively
take measures to preserve such evidence.
Article 43: Evidence shall be presented in court, and examined by the
parties. Evidence that touches upon state secrets, commercial secrets and
personal privacy must not be presented in public court sessions.
People’s courts shall follow the statutory procedures to comprehensively
and objectively review and verify evidence. An explanation of shall be
given in the judgment opinion where evidence was not accepted.
Evidence acquired by illegal means must not serve as the basis for
determining the case facts.

第六章　起诉和受理理

第四⼗十四条 对属于⼈人⺠民法院受案范围的⾏行行政案件，公⺠民、法⼈人或者
其他组织可以先向⾏行行政机关申请复议，对复议决定不服的，再向⼈人
⺠民法院提起诉讼；也可以直接向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼。
法律律、法规规定应当先向⾏行行政机关申请复议，对复议决定不服再向
⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼的，依照法律律、法规的规定。
CHAPTER VI: RAISING AND ACCEPTING CASES

Article 44: For administrative cases within the scope of those accepted by
people's courts, citizens, legal persons or other organizations may first
apply to the administrative organ or a reconsideration and then raise a
lawsuit before a people's court if not satisfied with the reconsideration
decision; citizens, legal persons or other organizations may also directly
bring a lawsuit before a people's court.
Where laws or regulations provide that a reconsideration shall first be
requested from an administrative organ and then raise a lawsuit before a
people’s court if not satisfied with the reconsideration decision, follow the
provisions of the laws or regulations.

第四⼗十五条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织不服复议决定的，可以在收到
复议决定书之⽇日起⼗十五⽇日内向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼。复议机关逾期不
作决定的，申请⼈人可以在复议期满之⽇日起⼗十五⽇日内向⼈人⺠民法院提起
诉讼。法律律另有规定的除外。
第四⼗十六条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织直接向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉讼的，
应当⾃自知道或者应当知道作出⾏行行政⾏行行为之⽇日起六个⽉月内提出。法律律
另有规定的除外。
因不动产提起诉讼的案件⾃自⾏行行政⾏行行为作出之⽇日起超过⼆二⼗十年年，其他
案件⾃自⾏行行政⾏行行为作出之⽇日起超过五年年提起诉讼的，⼈人⺠民法院不予受
理理。
Article 45: Citizens, legal persons or other organizations who do not
accept a reconsideration decision may bring a lawsuit before a people's
court within 15 days from the day they receive the reconsideration decision.
If the reconsidering organ fails to make a decision within the time limit,
the applicant may bring a suit before a people's court within 15 days after
the time limit for reconsideration expires. Except as otherwise provided for
by law.
Article 46: Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations choose to
directly initiate an action before a people's court, it shall be done within six
months from when it was learned or should have been learned that the
administrative act was taken. Except as otherwise provided for by law.
People’s courts will not accept cases arising over immovable property more
than twenty years from the administrative act, and other cases more than
five years after the administrative act was taken.

第四⼗十七条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织申请⾏行行政机关履⾏行行保护其⼈人⾝身
权、财产权等合法权益的法定职责，⾏行行政机关在接到申请之⽇日起两
个⽉月内不履⾏行行的，公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织可以向⼈人⺠民法院提起诉
讼。法律律、法规对⾏行行政机关履⾏行行职责的期限另有规定的，从其规
定。
公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织在紧急情况下请求⾏行行政机关履⾏行行保护其⼈人
⾝身权、财产权等合法权益的法定职责，⾏行行政机关不履⾏行行的，提起诉
讼不受前款规定期限的限制。
第四⼗十⼋八条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织因不可抗⼒力力或者其他不属于⾃自
⾝身的原因耽误起诉期限的，被耽误的时间不计算在起诉期限内。
公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织因前款规定以外的其他特殊情况耽误起诉
期限的，在障碍消除后⼗十⽇日内，可以申请延⻓长期限，是否准许由⼈人
⺠民法院决定。
Article 47: Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations file an
application with an administrative organ for it to perform its statutory
duty of protecting his or its legitimate rights and interests, such as rights in
person or property, but the administrative organ does not perform the duty
within two months after receipt of the application, the citizen, legal person
or other organization may bring a suit before a people’s court. Where laws
and regulations provide other time limits for administrative organs to
perform their duties, those provisions control.
The previous paragraph’s time limit for raising a lawsuit does not apply
where citizens, legal persons or other organizations in an emergency
situation request that an administrative organ perform its statutory duty
to protect their rights in person or property but the administrative organ
does not do so.
Article 48: Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations delay the
time limit for filing suit due to force majeure or other reasons unrelated to
them, the time delay is not included in the time limits for filing suit.
Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations delay the time period
due to special circumstances other than those mentioned in the preceding
paragraph, they may apply for an extension of the time period within 10
days of the impediment clearing, the people’s court decides whether to
approve.

第四⼗十九条 提起诉讼应当符合下列列条件：
(⼀一)原告是符合本法第⼆二⼗十五条规定的公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织；
(⼆二)有明确的被告；
(三)有具体的诉讼请求和事实根据；
(四)属于⼈人⺠民法院受案范围和受诉⼈人⺠民法院管辖。
Article 49: The following requirements shall be met when bringing a
lawsuit：
(1) the plaintiff is a citizen, legal person or other organization meeting the
requirements provided in article 25 of this law；
(2) there is a clear defendant；
(3) there are specific litigation demands and factual evidence；
(4) is within the scope of cases accepted by the people’s courts and the
jurisdiction of the people’s court accepting it.

第五⼗十条 起诉应当向⼈人⺠民法院递交起诉状，并按照被告⼈人数提出副
本。
书写起诉状确有困难的，可以⼝口头起诉，由⼈人⺠民法院记入笔录，出
具注明⽇日期的书⾯面凭证，并告知对⽅方当事⼈人。
第五⼗十⼀一条 ⼈人⺠民法院在接到起诉状时对符合本法规定的起诉条件
的，应当登记立案。
对当场不能判定是否符合本法规定的起诉条件的，应当接收起诉
状，出具注明收到⽇日期的书⾯面凭证，并在七⽇日内决定是否立案。不
符合起诉条件的，作出不予立案的裁定。裁定书应当载明不予立案
的理理由。原告对裁定不服的，可以提起上诉。
起诉状内容⽋欠缺或者有其他错误的，应当给予指导和释明，并⼀一次
性告知当事⼈人需要补正的内容。不得未经指导和释明即以起诉不符
合条件为由不接收起诉状。
对于不接收起诉状、接收起诉状后不出具书⾯面凭证，以及不⼀一次性
告知当事⼈人需要补正的起诉状内容的，当事⼈人可以向上级⼈人⺠民法院
投诉，上级⼈人⺠民法院应当责令改正，并对直接负责的主管⼈人员和其
他直接责任⼈人员依法给予处分。
Article 50: A Complaint shall be submitted to the people's court when
bringing suit, with the number of copies corresponding the the number of
defendants.
Where there is truly difficulty in writing out a Complaint, suit may be
brought orally, and the people’s courts’ clerk will make a record, and issue a
written certificate indicating the date, and inform the opposing party.
Article 51: When people's courts receive a Complaint meeting the
requirements of this law for initiating litigation, they shall register and file
it.
Where it cannot be decided on the spot whether it meets the requirements
for initiating litigation, a complaint shall be received, a written receipt
given indicating the date it was received issued, and a decision on whether
to file the case made within 7 days. Where the requirements for initiating
litigation are not met, a decision is made to not file the case. The decision
document shall clearly indicate the grounds for not filing the case. Where
the plaintiff is unsatisfied with the ruling, they may file an appeal.
Where a complaint is incomplete in content or has other errors, the
people’s court shall provide guidance and explanations, and give one-time
notice for the party to supplement and make corrections. Where a
complaint is incomplete in content or has other errors, the people’s court
shall provide guidance and explanations, and give one-time notice for the
party to supplement and make corrections. The people’s courts must not
use the grounds that the complaint does not meet requirements to not take
a complaint without first having given guidance and making explanations.
To address the non-receipt of complaints, or the failure to issue the written
confirmation after receipt as well as not giving the parties one time notice
that they need supplement the content of the complaint or correct any
error contained therein, the party may complain to a higher people’s court,
which shall order corrections and punish the principle responsible
personnel and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law.

第五⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院既不立案，⼜又不作出不予立案裁定的，当事⼈人
可以向上⼀一级⼈人⺠民法院起诉。上⼀一级⼈人⺠民法院认为符合起诉条件
的，应当立案、审理理，也可以指定其他下级⼈人⺠民法院立案、审理理。
第五⼗十三条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织认为⾏行行政⾏行行为所依据的国务院
部⻔门和地⽅方⼈人⺠民政府及其部⻔门制定的规范性⽂文件不合法，在对⾏行行政
⾏行行为提起诉讼时，可以⼀一并请求对该规范性⽂文件进⾏行行审查。
前款规定的规范性⽂文件不含规章。
Article 52: Where the people’s court neither files the case nor issues a
written ruling on not filing, the party may bring a suit before the people’s
court at the level above. Where the court above finds that the
requirements for bringing suit are met, it will file and hear the case or it
may designate another lower people’s court to file and hear the case.
Article 53: Citizens, legal persons or other organizations feeling that a
state council department's or local people's government or it's departments'
normative document on which an administrative was based is unlawful,
they may a review of the normative document when they raise a lawsuit
over the administrative act.
Normative documents as provided for in the preceding paragraph does not
include rules.

第七章　审理理和判决

第⼀一节 ⼀一般规定
第五⼗十四条 ⼈人⺠民法院公开审理理⾏行行政案件，但涉及国家秘密、个⼈人隐
私和法律律另有规定的除外。
涉及商业秘密的案件，当事⼈人申请不公开审理理的，可以不公开审
理理。
CHAPTER VII: TRIAL AND JUDGMENT

Section 1: Ordinary Provisions

Article 54: Administrative cases in the people's courts shall be tried in
public, except for those that involve state secrets or the private affairs of
individuals, or are otherwise provided for by law.
Cases that involve trade secrets may be tried in private where the party
applies for a private hearing.

第五⼗十五条 当事⼈人认为审判⼈人员与本案有利利害关系或者有其他关系
可能影响公正审判，有权申请审判⼈人员回避。
审判⼈人员认为⾃自⼰己与本案有利利害关系或者有其他关系，应当申请回
避。
前两款规定，适⽤用于书记员、翻译⼈人员、鉴定⼈人、勘验⼈人。
院⻓长担任审判⻓长时的回避，由审判委员会决定；审判⼈人员的回避，
由院⻓长决定；其他⼈人员的回避，由审判⻓长决定。当事⼈人对决定不服
的，可以申请复议⼀一次。
Article 55: Parties feeling that a adjudicators have an interest in the case
or have another relation to it, which may affect the fair handling of the
case, they have the right to demand the recusal of the judicial personnel.
Adjudicators who feel they have an interest in the case or another relation
to it, shall apply for recusal.
The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs apply to clerks,
interpreters, expert evaluators and persons who conduct inquests.
The recusal of the court president as the presiding judge is decided on by
the adjudication committee; the recusal of an adjudicator is decided by the
court president; the recusal of other personnel is decided by the presiding
judge. Any party not accepting the decision may apply once for a
reconsideration.

第五⼗十六条 诉讼期间，不停⽌止⾏行行政⾏行行为的执⾏行行。但有下列列情形之⼀一
的，裁定停⽌止执⾏行行：
(⼀一)被告认为需要停⽌止执⾏行行的；
(⼆二)原告或者利利害关系⼈人申请停⽌止执⾏行行，⼈人⺠民法院认为该⾏行行政⾏行行为的
执⾏行行会造成难以弥补的损失，并且停⽌止执⾏行行不损害国家利利益、社会
公共利利益的；
(三)⼈人⺠民法院认为该⾏行行政⾏行行为的执⾏行行会给国家利利益、社会公共利利益造
成重⼤大损害的；
(四)法律律、法规规定停⽌止执⾏行行的。
当事⼈人对停⽌止执⾏行行或者不停⽌止执⾏行行的裁定不服的，可以申请复议⼀一
次。
Article 56: During litigation, the enforcement of the administrative act
does not stop. But, in any of the following situations, rule to stop the the
enforcement of the administrative act:
(1) The defendant feels enforcement needs to stop;
(2) the plaintiff applies for enforcement to be stopped, and the people’s
court finds that enforcement of the administrative act will cause
irremediable losses, and stopping enforcement will not harm state or public
interests;
(3) the people’s court finds that undertaking the administrative act will
cause a major harm to national interests or to the social public interests；
(4) laws or regulations provide for the enforcement to be stopped.
Where a party does not accept a ruling to stop enforcement or not stop
enforcement, it may apply for a reconsideration one time.

第五⼗十七条 ⼈人⺠民法院对起诉⾏行行政机关没有依法⽀支付抚恤⾦金金、最低⽣生
活保障⾦金金和⼯工伤、医疗社会保险⾦金金的案件，权利利义务关系明确、不
先予执⾏行行将严重影响原告⽣生活的，可以根据原告的申请，裁定先予
执⾏行行。
当事⼈人对先予执⾏行行裁定不服的，可以申请复议⼀一次。复议期间不停
⽌止裁定的执⾏行行。
第五⼗十⼋八条 经⼈人⺠民法院传票传唤，原告无正当理理由拒不到庭，或者
未经法庭许可中途退庭的，可以按照撤诉处理理；被告无正当理理由拒
不到庭，或者未经法庭许可中途退庭的，可以缺席判决。
Article 57: In cases where an administrative organ is sued for failing to
pay a survivor's pension, minimum living subsidies and workers'
compensation or medical or social insurance in accordance with law, and
where the connection of rights and obligations is clear and the plaintiff 's
lives will be seriously impacted if advance enforcement is not made, a
people’s court may rule for advance enforcement in accordance with the
plaintiff 's request.
Where a party is unsatisfied with a ruling for advanced enforcement, it
may apply for reconsideration one time. The enforcement of the ruling
does not stop during the period of reconsideration.
Article 58: Where upon a people's court's summons, a plaintiff refuses to
appear in court without a legitimate reason, or leaves without the
permission of the court, this may be treated as awithdrawal of the lawsuit;
if a defendant refuses to appear in court without a legitimate reason or
leaves without the permission of the court, it may be ruled a default

第五⼗十九条 诉讼参与⼈人或者其他⼈人有下列列⾏行行为之⼀一的，⼈人⺠民法院可
以根据情节轻重，予以训诫、责令具结悔悔过或者处⼀一万元以下的罚
款、⼗十五⽇日以下的拘留留；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
(⼀一)有义务协助调查、执⾏行行的⼈人，对⼈人⺠民法院的协助调查决定、协助
执⾏行行通知书，无故推拖、拒绝或者妨碍调查、执⾏行行的；
(⼆二)伪造、隐藏、毁灭证据或者提供虚假证明材料料，妨碍⼈人⺠民法院审
理理案件的；
(三)指使、贿买、胁迫他⼈人作伪证或者威胁、阻⽌止证⼈人作证的；
(四)隐藏、转移、变卖、毁损已被查封、扣押、冻结的财产的；
(五)以欺骗、胁迫等非法⼿手段使原告撤诉的；
(六)以暴暴⼒力力、威胁或者其他⽅方法阻碍⼈人⺠民法院⼯工作⼈人员执⾏行行职务，或
者以哄闹、冲击法庭等⽅方法扰乱⼈人⺠民法院⼯工作秩序的；
(七)对⼈人⺠民法院审判⼈人员或者其他⼯工作⼈人员、诉讼参与⼈人、协助调查
和执⾏行行的⼈人员恐吓、侮侮辱、诽谤、诬陷、殴打、围攻或者打击报复
的。
⼈人⺠民法院对有前款规定的⾏行行为之⼀一的单位，可以对其主要负责⼈人或
者直接责任⼈人员依照前款规定予以罚款、拘留留；构成犯罪的，依法
追究刑事责任。
罚款、拘留留须经⼈人⺠民法院院⻓长批准。当事⼈人不服的，可以向上⼀一级
⼈人⺠民法院申请复议⼀一次。复议期间不停⽌止执⾏行行。
Article 59: Where litigation participants or other persons commit any of
the following acts, the people's court may, according to the seriousness of
the circumstances, give him a reprimand, order him to sign a statement of
repentance or impose a fine of up to 10,000 yuan, or detain him or her for a
period of up to 15 days; where is constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility
shall be pursued in accordance with law:
(1) Persons with an obligation to assist in investigation or enforcement,
delay without reason, refuse to enforce or impede the investigation or
enforcement of a people’s courts’ decision to assist investigation or notice
of enforcement assistance;
(2) fabricating, concealing, or destroying evidence, or providing false
evidentiary materials, impeding the people’s court’s trial of a case.
(3) instigating, bribing or coercing others to give false testimony or
threatening and obstructing witnesses from giving testimony;
(4) concealing, transferring, selling or destroying property that has been
sealed, seized or frozen;
(5) Causing the plaintiff to withdraw a lawsuit by deceit, coercion or other
illegal methods;
(6) using violence, coercion or other means to obstruct the personnel of a
people’s court from performing their duties, or disturbing the order of a
people’s court by means such as causing a ruckus or charging the court;
(7) Frightening, insulting, defaming, framing, beating or besieging or
retaliating against the people’s courts’ adjudicators or other personnel,
litigation participants, or personnel who assist in the investigation and
enforcement.
People’s courts may fine or detain the person with principle responsibility
or other directly responsible persons at a work unit exhibiting any of the
conduct in the preceding paragraph, and where it constitutions a crime,
pursue them for criminal responsibility in accordance with law.
Fines or detention must be approved by the president of the people’s court.
Where a party is unpersuaded, it may apply for a reconsideration to the
people’s court at the level above one time. Implementation does not stop
during the period of reconsideration.

第六⼗十条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，不适⽤用调解。但是，⾏行行政赔偿、
补偿以及⾏行行政机关⾏行行使法律律、法规规定的⾃自由裁量量权的案件可以调
解。
调解应当遵循⾃自愿、合法原则，不得损害国家利利益、社会公共利利益
和他⼈人合法权益。
第六⼗十⼀一条 在涉及⾏行行政许可、登记、征收、征⽤用和⾏行行政机关对⺠民事
争议所作的裁决的⾏行行政诉讼中，当事⼈人申请⼀一并解决相关⺠民事争议
的，⼈人⺠民法院可以⼀一并审理理。
在⾏行行政诉讼中，⼈人⺠民法院认为⾏行行政案件的审理理需以⺠民事诉讼的裁判
为依据的，可以裁定中⽌止⾏行行政诉讼。
Article 60: People's courts hearing administrative cases do not apply
mediation. People's courts hearing administrative cases do not apply
mediation. However, cases of administrative compensation or subsidiaries
and cases where exercise discretion provided for by laws or regulations,
may be mediated.
Mediation shall abide by the principles of voluntariness and lawfulness and
must not harm the national interest, societal public interest or other lawful
rights and interests.
Article 61: In administrative litigation involving administrative licensing,
registration, expropriation and administrative organs rulings on civil
disputes, and parties apply to have the civil dispute resolved together, the
people's court may hear them together.
Where in an administrative lawsuit a people’s court finds that trial of an
administrative case requires a ruling in a civil suit as its basis, it may rule to
suspend the administrative lawsuit.

第六⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院对⾏行行政案件宣告判决或者裁定前，原告申请撤
诉的，或者被告改变其所作的⾏行行政⾏行行为，原告同意并申请撤诉的，
是否准许，由⼈人⺠民法院裁定。
第六⼗十三条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，以法律律和⾏行行政法规、地⽅方性法
规为依据。地⽅方性法规适⽤用于本⾏行行政区域内发⽣生的⾏行行政案件。
⼈人⺠民法院审理理⺠民族⾃自治地⽅方的⾏行行政案件，并以该⺠民族⾃自治地⽅方的⾃自
治条例例和单⾏行行条例例为依据。
⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，参照规章。
Article 62: Where before a people's court announces the judgment or
ruling in an administrative case, the plaintiff applies to withdraw the suit,
or if the defendant changes the administrative act and the plaintiff agrees
and applies to withdraw the suit, the people's court rules on whether or not
to grant approval.
Article 63: People's courts hear administrative cases on the basis of laws,
administrative regulations and local regulations. Local regulations apply to
administrative cases occurring within that administrative region.
People’s courts trying administrative cases from ethnic autonomous
regions also have that ethnic autonomous region’s autonomy regulations
and specific regulations of the national autonomous area as their basis.
People’s courts consult rules in handling administrative cases.

第六⼗十四条 ⼈人⺠民法院在审理理⾏行行政案件中，经审查认为本法第五⼗十三
条规定的规范性⽂文件不合法的，不作为认定⾏行行政⾏行行为合法的依据，
并向制定机关提出处理理建议。
第六⼗十五条 ⼈人⺠民法院应当公开发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决书、裁定书，供
公众查阅，但涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个⼈人隐私的内容除外。
Article 64: Where during people's courts' hearing of administrative cases
it is found upon review that normative document is not lawful as provided
for in article 53 of this law, it will not be a basis for determining that an
administrative act was lawful, and a recommendation will be issued to the
drafting organ.
Article 65: People's courts shall disclose judgment opinions and ruling
that have taken legal effect, for the public to read, except for those with
content touching upon state secrets, commercial secrets or personal
privacy.

第六⼗十六条 ⼈人⺠民法院在审理理⾏行行政案件中，认为⾏行行政机关的主管⼈人
员、直接责任⼈人员违法违纪的，应当将有关材料料移送监察机关、该
⾏行行政机关或者其上⼀一级⾏行行政机关；认为有犯罪⾏行行为的，应当将有关
材料料移送公安、检察机关。
⼈人⺠民法院对被告经传票传唤无正当理理由拒不到庭，或者未经法庭许
可中途退庭的，可以将被告拒不到庭或者中途退庭的情况予以公
告，并可以向监察机关或者被告的上⼀一级⾏行行政机关提出依法给予其
主要负责⼈人或者直接责任⼈人员处分的司法建议。
Article 66: Where, in trying an administrative case, a people's court finds
that the head of an administrative organ or persons with direct
responsibility have violated laws or discipline, it shall transfer the relevant
materials to the inspection organs, the administrative organ, or to the
administrative organ at the next higher level; where finding that there is
criminal conduct, the relevant materials shall be transferred to the public
security and procuratorial organs.
Where defendants who have been subpoenaed refuse to appear in court
without legitimate reasons or leave court mid-trial without the courts
permission, the people’s court may public announce their refusal to appear
at court or leaving court mid-trial, and may make a judicial
recommendation to the procuratorate or the administrative organ at the
level above to sanction the principle responsible parties or directly
responsible parties.

第⼆二节　第⼀一审普通程序
第六⼗十七条 ⼈人⺠民法院应当在立案之⽇日起五⽇日内，将起诉状副本发送
被告。被告应当在收到起诉状副本之⽇日起⼗十五⽇日内向⼈人⺠民法院提交
作出⾏行行政⾏行行为的证据和所依据的规范性⽂文件，并提出答辩状。⼈人⺠民
法院应当在收到答辩状之⽇日起五⽇日内，将答辩状副本发送原告。
被告不提出答辩状的，不影响⼈人⺠民法院审理理。
Section 2: Ordinary First-Instance Trial Procedures
Article 67: People's courts shall, within five days after filing a case, send a
copy of the Complaint to the defendant. he defendant shall, within 15 days
of receiving the copy of the Complaint, submit to the people's court the
evidence for taking the administrative act and the normative documents
on which it was based and submit a Response. The people's court shall send
a copy of the Response to the plaintiff within five days of receiving it.
Defendants’ failure to submit a Response does not affect the trial of the
case by the people’s court.

第六⼗十⼋八条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，由审判员组成合议庭，或者由
审判员、陪审员组成合议庭。合议庭的成员，应当是三⼈人以上的单
数。
第六⼗十九条 ⾏行行政⾏行行为证据确凿，适⽤用法律律、法规正确，符合法定程
序的，或者原告申请被告履⾏行行法定职责或者给付义务理理由不成立
的，⼈人⺠民法院判决驳回原告的诉讼请求。
Article 68: People's court hearing administrative cases, form a collegial
panel of judges or of judges and assessors. The collegial panel shall have an
odd number members, greater than three.
Article 69: Where the evidence for a administrative act was solid, the
laws and regulations applied correctly, and statutory procedures were met,
or where the plaintiff 's grounds for requesting the defendant perform a
legally prescribed duty or payment obligation is not established, the
people's court rules to reject the plaintiff 's claim.

第七⼗十条 ⾏行行政⾏行行为有下列列情形之⼀一的，⼈人⺠民法院判决撤销或者部分
撤销，并可以判决被告重新作出⾏行行政⾏行行为：
(⼀一)主要证据不⾜足的；
(⼆二)适⽤用法律律、法规错误的；
(三)违反法定程序的；
(四)超越职权的；
(五)滥⽤用职权的；
(六)明显不当的。
Article 70: Where a administrative act has any of the following situations
, the people's court will rule to revoke or revoke in part, and may also rule
for the defendant to again take the administrative act:
(1) the principle evidence is insufficient；
(2) the law or regulations were applied incorrectly；
(3) violated legally prescribed procedures;
(4) Exceeded powers of office；
(5) abused authority;
(6) clearly improper.

第七⼗十⼀一条 ⼈人⺠民法院判决被告重新作出⾏行行政⾏行行为的，被告不得以同
⼀一的事实和理理由作出与原⾏行行政⾏行行为基本相同的⾏行行政⾏行行为。
第七⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院经过审理理，查明被告不履⾏行行法定职责的，判决
被告在⼀一定期限内履⾏行行。
第七⼗十三条 ⼈人⺠民法院经过审理理，查明被告依法负有给付义务的，判
决被告履⾏行行给付义务。
Article 71: Where people's courts make a judgement for the defendant to
newly make administrative acts, the defendant must not make
administrative acts essentially similar to the original administrative acts on
the same facts and reasoning.
Article 72: Where through trial, a people's court ascertain that the
defendant has not performed of a legally prescribed duty, rule that the
defendant must perform within a fixed time period.
Article 73: Where people's courts ascertain through trial that a defendant
has a payment obligation in accordance with law, rule for the defendant to
fulfill the payment obligation.
第七⼗十四条 ⾏行行政⾏行行为有下列列情形之⼀一的，⼈人⺠民法院判决确认违法，
但不撤销⾏行行政⾏行行为：
(⼀一)⾏行行政⾏行行为依法应当撤销，但撤销会给国家利利益、社会公共利利益造
成重⼤大损害的；
(⼆二)⾏行行政⾏行行为程序轻微违法，但对原告权利利不产⽣生实际影响的。
⾏行行政⾏行行为有下列列情形之⼀一，不需要撤销或者判决履⾏行行的，⼈人⺠民法院
判决确认违法：
(⼀一)⾏行行政⾏行行为违法，但不具有可撤销内容的；
(⼆二)被告改变原违法⾏行行政⾏行行为，原告仍要求确认原⾏行行政⾏行行为违法的；
(三)被告不履⾏行行或者拖延履⾏行行法定职责，判决履⾏行行没有意义的。
Article 74: In any of the following circumstances, people's court's make a
judgment confirming illegality, but not revoking the administrative act:
(1) According to law, the administrative act shall be revoked, but the
revocation thereof will cause significant harm to national interests or
interests of the societal public;
(2) The administrative action’s procedures were slightly unlawful, but did
not cause actual impact on the rights of the plaintiff.
Where an administrative act has any of the following situations and it is
not necessary to revoke the act or make a judgment for performance, the
people’s courts will rule confirming the unlawfulness:
(1) The administrative act is unlawful , but there is no revocable content;
(2) The defendant changes the originally unlawful administrative act, and
the plaintiff still requests a confirmation that the original administrative
act was unlawful;
(3) The defendant does not perform or delays performance of a legally
prescribed duty, and a judgment for performance would be meaningless.

第七⼗十五条 ⾏行行政⾏行行为有实施主体不具有⾏行行政主体资格或者没有依据
等重⼤大且明显违法情形，原告申请确认⾏行行政⾏行行为无效的，⼈人⺠民法院
判决确认无效。
第七⼗十六条 ⼈人⺠民法院判决确认违法或者无效的，可以同时判决责令
被告采取补救措施；给原告造成损失的，依法判决被告承担赔偿责
任。
第七⼗十七条 ⾏行行政处罚明显不当，或者其他⾏行行政⾏行行为涉及对款额的确
定、认定确有错误的，⼈人⺠民法院可以判决变更更。
⼈人⺠民法院判决变更更，不得加重原告的义务或者减损原告的权益。但
利利害关系⼈人同为原告，且诉讼请求相反的除外。
Article 75: The judgment of the people's court will be invalidated if the
plaintiff applies to have an administrative action recognized as invalid due
to the action being executed by an entity which is not a qualified
administrative entity, the action lacking basis, or other significant and
obviously illegal circumstances.
Article 76: Where people's courts make a judgment confirming illegality
or invalidity, they may make a judgment ordering the defendant to adopt
remedial measures at the same time; where harm was caused to the
plaintiff make a judgment that the defendant bears responsibility for
compensation in accordance with law.
Article 77: Where an administrative punishment is manifestly improper,
or other administrative acts confirmation or determination of dollar
amounts is clearly in error, the people's courts may make a judgment to
modify it.
Modification of a people’s court’s judgment must not increase the
plaintiff ’s obligations or decrease the plaintiff ’s rights and interests.
Except, however, where an interested party is also a plaintiff with opposite
claims.

第七⼗十⼋八条 被告不依法履⾏行行、未按照约定履⾏行行或者违法变更更、解除
本法第⼗十⼆二条第⼀一款第⼗十⼀一项规定的协议的，⼈人⺠民法院判决被告承
担继续履⾏行行、采取补救措施或者赔偿损失等责任。
被告变更更、解除本法第⼗十⼆二条第⼀一款第⼗十⼀一项规定的协议合法，但
未依法给予补偿的，⼈人⺠民法院判决给予补偿。
第七⼗十九条 复议机关与作出原⾏行行政⾏行行为的⾏行行政机关为共同被告的案
件，⼈人⺠民法院应当对复议决定和原⾏行行政⾏行行为⼀一并作出裁判。
Article 78: Where the defendant does not perform on, does not perform
as agreed on, or modifies or ends an agreement provided for in article 12
paragraph 1 item 11; the people's court make a judgment that the defendant
has responsibilities such as to continue performance, adopt remedial
measures, or compensate damages.
Where the defendant’s modification or ending of an agreement provided
for in article 12 paragraph one item 11 of this law was legal, but they failed
to give compensation, the people’s court will make a judgment for
compensation.
Article 79: In cases where the reconsideration organ and the
administrative organ that made the original administrative act are joint
defendants, people's courts shall make rulings on the reconsideration
decision and the original administrative act together.

第⼋八⼗十条 ⼈人⺠民法院对公开审理理和不公开审理理的案件，⼀一律律公开宣告
判决。
当庭宣判的，应当在⼗十⽇日内发送判决书；定期宣判的，宣判后立即
发给判决书。
宣告判决时，必须告知当事⼈人上诉权利利、上诉期限和上诉的⼈人⺠民法
院。
第⼋八⼗十⼀一条 ⼈人⺠民法院应当在立案之⽇日起六个⽉月内作出第⼀一审判决。
有特殊情况需要延⻓长的，由⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院批准，⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院审理理
第⼀一审案件需要延⻓长的，由最⾼高⼈人⺠民法院批准。
Article 80: Cases publicly and privately tried by the people's courts will
all ,without exception, have the judgment announced publicly.
Where the judgment is announced in court, the written judgment opinion
shall be sent within 10 days; where judgment is made at a fixed time, the
written judgment opinion is sent immediately following the
announcement.
When announcing a judgment, parties must be informed of their right to
appeal, the period for appeal and the people’s court for appeals.
Article 81: The people's court shall make a first-instance judgment within
six months from the day of filing the case. Where special circumstances
require an extension, it is approved by a high people's court; where an
extension is needed in a first-instance case tried by a high people's court, it
is approved by the Supreme People's Court.

第三节　简易易程序
第⼋八⼗十⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理下列列第⼀一审⾏行行政案件，认为事实清楚、权
利利义务关系明确、争议不⼤大的，可以适⽤用简易易程序：
(⼀一) 被诉⾏行行政⾏行行为是依法当场作出的；
(⼆二) 案件涉及款额⼆二千元以下的；
(三) 属于政府信息公开案件的。
除前款规定以外的第⼀一审⾏行行政案件，当事⼈人各⽅方同意适⽤用简易易程序
的，可以适⽤用简易易程序。
发回重审、按照审判监督程序再审的案件不适⽤用简易易程序。
Section 3: Summary Procedures
Article 82: Where people's courts hearing any of the following first-
instance administrative cases, find that the facts are clear. the rights and
obligations clear, and the controversy is not large, they may apply
simplified procedures:
(1) The challenged executive action was made on the spot in accordance
with law;
(2) The amount involved in the case is less than 2000 yuan；
(3) It is a government information disclosure case.
In addition to the first-instance administrative cases provided for above,
simplified procedures may be applied where all parties agree to apply the
simplified procedures.
Remands for new trial and retrials in accordance with trial supervision do
not apply the simplified procedures.

第⼋八⼗十三条 适⽤用简易易程序审理理的⾏行行政案件，由审判员⼀一⼈人独任审
理理，并应当在立案之⽇日起四⼗十五⽇日内审结。
第⼋八⼗十四条 ⼈人⺠民法院在审理理过程中，发现案件不宜适⽤用简易易程序
的，裁定转为普通程序。
Article 83: A single judge will handle administrative cases that apply the
simplified procedures, and a judgment should be reached within forty five
days from the day of filing the case.
Article 84: Peoples courts discovering in the course of trial that the case
is unsuitable for applying the simplified procedures rule to change it to
ordinary procedures.

第四节　第⼆二审程序
第⼋八⼗十五条 当事⼈人不服⼈人⺠民法院第⼀一审判决的，有权在判决书送达
之⽇日起⼗十五⽇日内向上⼀一级⼈人⺠民法院提起上诉。当事⼈人不服⼈人⺠民法院
第⼀一审裁定的，有权在裁定书送达之⽇日起⼗十⽇日内向上⼀一级⼈人⺠民法院
提起上诉。逾期不提起上诉的，⼈人⺠民法院的第⼀一审判决或者裁定发
⽣生法律律效⼒力力。
Section 4: Second-instance Trial Procedures
Article 85: Where a party does not accept a people's court's first-instance
judgment , it has the right to file an appeal with the people's court at the
level above within 15 days after the service of the written judgment
opinion. Where a party does not accept a people's court's first-instance
ruling , it has the right to file an appeal with the people's court at the level
above within 10 days after the service of the written ruling. Where no
timely appeal is raised, the first-instance judgment or ruling of the people's
court shall take legal effect.

第⼋八⼗十六条 ⼈人⺠民法院对上诉案件，应当组成合议庭，开庭审理理。经
过阅卷、调查和询问当事⼈人，对没有提出新的事实、证据或者理理
由，合议庭认为不需要开庭审理理的，也可以不开庭审理理。
第⼋八⼗十七条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理上诉案件，应当对原审⼈人⺠民法院的判决、
裁定和被诉⾏行行政⾏行行为进⾏行行全⾯面审查。
第⼋八⼗十⼋八条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理上诉案件，应当在收到上诉状之⽇日起三个
⽉月内作出终审判决。有特殊情况需要延⻓长的，由⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院批
准，⾼高级⼈人⺠民法院审理理上诉案件需要延⻓长的，由最⾼高⼈人⺠民法院批
准。
Article 86: For appeals cases, people's courts shall form a collegial panel
and hold in-court trial sessions. Where upon review of the case file,
investigation and questioning the parties, the people's court may decide
not to hold in-court trial sessions where no new facts, evidence or
reasoning has been submitted and the collegial panel feels it is not
necessary to hold in-court proceedings.
Article 87: People's courts trying appeals cases shall conduct a
comprehensive review of the original people's court's judgment or ruling
and shall the challenged administrative acts.
Article 88: People's courts hearing appeals cases shall make a final
judgment within three months from the day of receiving the appeal.
Where an extension of the time limit is necessary due to special
circumstances, the high people's court approves it; where an extension of
the time limit for handling an appeals case by a higher people's court is
necessary, the Supreme People's Court approves it.

第⼋八⼗十九条 ⼈人⺠民法院审上诉案件，按照下列列情形，分别处理理：
(⼀一) 原判决、裁定认定事实清楚，适⽤用法律律、法规正确的，判决或者
裁定驳回上诉，维持原判决、裁定；
(⼆二) 原判决、裁定认定事实错误或者适⽤用法律律、法规错误的，依法改
判、撤销或者变更更；
(三) 原判决认定基本事实不清、证据不⾜足的，发回原审⼈人⺠民法院重
审，或者查清事实后改判。
(四) 原判决遗漏当事⼈人或者违法缺席判决等严重违反法定程序的，裁
定撤销原判决，发回原审⼈人⺠民法院重审。
原审⼈人⺠民法院对发回重审的案件作出判决后，当事⼈人提起上诉的，
第⼆二审⼈人⺠民法院不得再次发回重审。
⼈人⺠民法院审理理上诉案件，需要改变原审判决的，应当同时对被诉⾏行行
政⾏行行为作出判决。
Article 89: People's courts hearing appellate cases, handle them distinctly
according to the following situations:
(1) Where the ascertained facts are clear and the laws and regulations
correctly applied in the original judgment or ruling, a judgment or ruling is
made that the appeal is rejected and the original judgment or ruling shall
be upheld;
(2) Where there is an error in the ascertained facts or the law and
regulations are incorrectly applied in the original judgment or ruling, the
judgment shall be amended, revoked or modified according to law;
(3) Where the fundamental facts ascertained are unclear or the evidence
insufficient in the original judgment, remand to the original people’s court
for a new trial or change the judgment after reviewing and clarifying the
facts;
(4) Where the original judgment had serious violations of statutory
procedures such as omitting a party or not allowing attendance at a
meeting, rule to revoke the original judgment and remand to the original
people’s court for new trial.
Where after the original people’s court issues a judgment on a case
remanded for new trial, a party raises an appeal, the second-instance court
must not remand for new trial again.
Where people’s courts trying appeals cases need to change the original tiral
judgment, they shall make a judgment on the challenged administrative
act at the same time.

第五节　审判监督程序
第九⼗十条 当事⼈人对已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁定，认为确有错误
的，可以向上⼀一级⼈人⺠民法院申请再审，但判决、裁定不停⽌止执⾏行行。
Section 5: Trial Supervision Procedures
Article 90: Where a party feels that a judgment or ruling which has
already taken effect truly contains error, they may apply to the people's
court at the level above for a new trial, but the enforcement of the
judgment or ruling is not be suspended.

第九⼗十⼀一条 当事⼈人的申请符合下列列情形之⼀一的，⼈人⺠民法院应当再
审：
(⼀一) 不予立案或者驳回起诉确有错误的；
(⼆二) 有新的证据，⾜足以推翻原判决、裁定的；
(三) 原判决、裁定认定事实的主要证据不⾜足、未经质证或者系伪造
的；
(四) 原判决、裁定适⽤用法律律、法规确有错误的；
(五) 违反法律律规定的诉讼程序，可能影响公正审判的；
(六) 原判决、裁定遗漏诉讼请求的；
(七) 据以作出原判决、裁定的法律律⽂文书被撤销或者变更更的；
(⼋八) 审判⼈人员在审理理该案件时有贪污受贿、徇私舞弊、枉法裁判⾏行行为
的。
Article 91: Where a party's application is eligible for one of the following
situations, the people's courts shall have a retrial:
(1) where not filing or rejecting the lawsuit was in error;
(2) Where there is new evidence sufficient to overturn the original
judgment or ruling;
(3) Where the principal evidence for ascertaining facts in the original
judgment or ruling was insufficient, was not debated in court or was
fabricated;
(4) Where the application of laws and regulations in the original judgment
or ruling was truly incorrect;
(5) Where there were violations of legally provided procedures that might
impact fair trial;
(6) The original judgment or ruling omitted a litigation demand;
(7) The legal documents on which the original judgment or ruling was
based have been annulled or modified;
(8) While hearing the case, adjudicators were corrupt or took bribes, used
acted for personal gain, or abused the law in a capricious and arbitrary
manner.

第九⼗十⼆二条 各级⼈人⺠民法院院⻓长对本院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁
定，发现有本法第九⼗十⼀一条规定情形之⼀一，或者发现调解违反⾃自愿
原则或者调解书内容违法，认为需要再审的，应当提交审判委员会
讨论决定。
最⾼高⼈人⺠民法院对地⽅方各级⼈人⺠民法院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁
定，上级⼈人⺠民法院对下级⼈人⺠民法院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁
定，发现有本法第九⼗十⼀一条规定情形之⼀一，或者发现调解违反⾃自愿
原则或者调解书内容违法的，有权提审或者指令下级⼈人⺠民法院再
审。
Article 92: Where court presidents of any level of people's court discover
any of the circumstances provided for in article 91 of this law in a
judgement or ruling of that court which has already taken legal effect, or
discover that mediation was contrary to the principle of voluntariness or
that a mediation document has unlawful content, and feel that a retrial is
necessary; they shall submit it to the adjudication committee for
discussion and decision.
If the Supreme People’s Court finds any of the circumstances provided for
in article 91 of this law or finds that mediation was involuntary or a
mediation agreement is unlawful in the judgment or ruling of local people’s
courts at any level that has already become legally effective, or a people’s
court at a higher level finds any error in the judgment or ruling of a
people’s court at a lower level that has become legally effective, the
Supreme People’s Court or the higher level people’s court has the right to
bring up the case for trial by itself or direct the people’s court at a lower
level to retry the case.

第九⼗十三条 最⾼高⼈人⺠民检察院对各级⼈人⺠民法院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判
决、裁定，上级⼈人⺠民检察院对⼈人⺠民法院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、
裁定，发现有本法第九⼗十⼀一条规定情形之⼀一，或者发现调解书损害
国家利利益、社会公共利利益的，应当提出抗诉。
地⽅方各级⼈人⺠民检察院对同级⼈人⺠民法院已经发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁
定，发现有本法第九⼗十⼀一条规定情形之⼀一，或者发现调解书损害国
家利利益、社会公共利利益的，可以向同级⼈人⺠民法院提出检察建议，并
报上级⼈人⺠民检察院备案；也可以提请上级⼈人⺠民检察院向同级⼈人⺠民法
院提出抗诉。
各级⼈人⺠民检察院对审判监督程序以外的其他审判程序中审判⼈人员的
违法⾏行行为，有权向同级⼈人⺠民法院提出检察建议。
Article 93: Where any of the circumstances provided for in Article 91 of
this Law, or a mediation agreement that endangers national or societal
public interests, is discovered by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate in a
legally effective judgment or ruling of the any level of people’s court, or is
dicovered by a people’s procuratorate at a higher level in the legally
effective judgment or ruling of a people’s court at a lower level, they shall
file a counter-appeal.
Where a local people’s procuratorate at any level discovers that a legally
effective judgment or ruling of the people’s court at the same level has one
of the situations provided in Article 91 or that its mediation document
would endanger national or public interests, the procuratorate can submit
its proposal to the people’s court at that level and file it with the people’s
procuratorate at the next highest level. A request can be made to the
people’s procuratorate at the next highest level to lodge a counter suit with
the people’s court at that level.
People’s procuratorates at all levels have the right to submit prosecutorial
suggestions to the people’s court at the same level regarding unlawful
conduct of trial adjudication personnel in trial procedures that is outside
the trial supervision procedures.

第⼋八章　执⾏行行

第九⼗十四条 当事⼈人必须履⾏行行⼈人⺠民法院发⽣生法律律效⼒力力的判决、裁定、
调解书。
第九⼗十五条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织拒绝履⾏行行判决、裁定、调解书
的，⾏行行政机关或者第三⼈人可以向第⼀一审⼈人⺠民法院申请强制执⾏行行，或
者由⾏行行政机关依法强制执⾏行行。
CHAPTER VIII: ENFORCEMENT

Article 94: Parties must perform on effective judgments, rulings and

mediation documents from the people's courts.
Article 95: If a citizen, legal person or other organization refuses to
perform on the judgment, ruling or mediation document, the
administrative organ or a third person may apply to the people's court of
first-instance to compell enforcement or the administrative organ may
proceed with compulsory enforcement in accordance with law.

第九⼗十六条 ⾏行行政机关拒绝履⾏行行判决、裁定、调解书的，第⼀一审⼈人⺠民
法院可以采取下列列措施：
(⼀一) 对应当归还的罚款或者应当给付的款额，通知银⾏行行从该⾏行行政机关
的账户内划拨；
(⼆二) 在规定期限内不履⾏行行的，从期满之⽇日起，对该⾏行行政机关负责⼈人按
⽇日处五⼗十元⾄至⼀一百元的罚款；
(三) 将⾏行行政机关拒绝履⾏行行的情况予以公告；
(四) 向监察机关或者该⾏行行政机关的上⼀一级⾏行行政机关提出司法建议。接
受司法建议的机关，根据有关规定进⾏行行处理理，并将处理理情况告知⼈人
⺠民法院；
(五) 拒不履⾏行行判决、裁定、调解书，社会影响恶劣劣的，可以对该⾏行行政
机关直接负责的主管⼈人员和其他直接责任⼈人员予以拘留留；情节严
重，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Article 96: Where administrative organs refuse to perform on a
judgment, ruling, or mediation document, the people's court of first-
instance may adopt the following measures:
(1) inform the bank to transfer from the administrative organ’s account the
amount that shall be returned or the damages that shall be paid;
(2) Where they have not performed within the time limits provided, fine
the responsible party at the administrative organ 50-100 yuan per day,
beginning on the day the period became completed.
(3) Publicly announce the administrative organ’s refusal to perform;
(4) Submit a judicial recommendation to the procuratorate or the
administrative organ at the level above this administrative organ. The
organ that accepts the judicial proposal shall deal with the matter in
accordance with the relevant provisions and inform the people’s court of
its disposition;
(5) Where refusal to perform on a judgment, ruling or mediation
agreement has a repugnant social impact, the persons at the administrative
organ with direct principle responsibility and other responsible persons
may be take into custody, and where the circumstances are serious and a
crime is constituted , be pursued for criminal liability in accordance with
law.

第九⼗十七条 公⺠民、法⼈人或者其他组织对⾏行行政⾏行行为在法定期间不提起
诉讼⼜又不履⾏行行的，⾏行行政机关可以申请⼈人⺠民法院强制执⾏行行，或者依法
强制执⾏行行。
Article 97: Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations neither
bring a lawsuit nor perform on a administrative act, the administrative
organ may apply to a people's court for compulsory enforcement, or
compel enforcement in accordance with law.

第⼗十章　涉外⾏行行政诉讼
第九⼗十⼋八条 外国⼈人、无国籍⼈人、外国组织在中华⼈人⺠民共和国进⾏行行⾏行行
政诉讼，适⽤用本法。法律律另有规定的除外。
C H A P T E R I X : A D M I N I S T R AT I V E L I T I G AT I O N I N V O LV I N G F O R E I G N
INTERESTS

Article 98: This Law applies to foreign nationals, stateless persons, and
foreign organizations that engage in administrative suits in the People's
Republic of China. Except as otherwise provided for by law.

第九⼗十九条 外国⼈人、无国籍⼈人、外国组织在中华⼈人⺠民共和国进⾏行行⾏行行
政诉讼，同中华⼈人⺠民共和国公⺠民、组织有同等的诉讼权利利和义务。
外国法院对中华⼈人⺠民共和国公⺠民、组织的⾏行行政诉讼权利利加以限制
的，⼈人⺠民法院对该国公⺠民、组织的⾏行行政诉讼权利利，实⾏行行对等原则。
第⼀一百条 外国⼈人、无国籍⼈人、外国组织在中华⼈人⺠民共和国进⾏行行⾏行行政
诉讼，委托律律师代理理诉讼的，应当委托中华⼈人⺠民共和国律律师机构的
律律师。
Article 99: Foreign nationals, stateless persons, and foreign organizations
that engaged in administrative litigation in the People's Republic of China
shall have the same procedural rights and obligations as citizens and
organizations of the People's Republic of China.
Should the courts of a foreign country impose restrictions on the
administrative litigation rights of the citizens and organizations of the
People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people’s courts shall follow the
principle of reciprocity regarding the administrative litigation rights of the
citizens and organizations of that foreign country.
Article 100: Where foreign nationals, stateless persons, and foreign
organizations retain lawyers to conduct administrative litigation in the
People's Republic of China, they shall retain lawyers of a lawyers
organization of the People's Republic of China.

第⼗十⼀一章　附则

第⼀一百零⼀一条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，关于期间、送达、财产保
全、开庭审理理、调解、中⽌止诉讼、终结诉讼、简易易程序、执⾏行行等，
以及⼈人⺠民检察院对⾏行行政案件受理理、审理理、裁判、执⾏行行的监督，本法
没有规定的，适⽤用《中华⼈人⺠民共和国⺠民事诉讼法》的相关规定。
C H A P T E R X : S U P P L E M E N TA R Y P R O V I S I O N S
Article 101: Where this law lacks provisions such as on the time
limitations, service of documents, preservation of property, trial,
meditation, stay of proceedings, halting proceedings, simplified
procedures, and execution during the trial of administrative cases by
people's courts, as well as those on the people's procuratorate's supervision
of the acceptance, trial, judgment, and execution of these cases, the
relevant provisions of the Civil Procedure Law shall be applied.

第⼀一百零⼆二条 ⼈人⺠民法院审理理⾏行行政案件，应当收取诉讼费⽤用。诉讼费
⽤用由败诉⽅方承担，双⽅方都有责任的由双⽅方分担。收取诉讼费⽤用的具
体办法另⾏行行规定。
第⼀一百零三条 本法⾃自⼀一九九〇年年⼗十⽉月⼀一⽇日起施⾏行行。
Article 102: People's courts hearing administrative cases shall collect
litigation fees. Litigation expenses are borne by the losing side, and by both
sides where both sides have responsibility. Specific methods for charging
litigation fees shall be provided separately.
Article 103: This law takes force on October 1, 1990.

Unofficial translation from China Law Translate

(http://www.chinalawtranslate.com/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E8%AF%89%E8%AE%BC%E6%B3%95-
%EF%BC%882015%EF%BC%89/?lang=en).

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