Lahore Grammar School

42-B/III, Gulberg, Lahore

English (Revision)

Grammar

Name: Answer Key (with explanation) Class 8 - __ Date:_______

Q1. Decide if the underlined word is a gerund or a participle. Write it in the blank.

1. Reading is his favourite pastime. gerund

2. I like reading poetry. gerund
3. He is fond of hoarding money. gerund
4. We met a girl carrying a basket of flowers. participle
5. A burnt child dreads the fire. participle
6. He wears a worried look. participle
7. Education is the most pressing need of our country. participle
8. The old man was tired of walking. gerund
9. I am tired of waiting. gerund
10. Children love making mud castles. gerund

Q2. Rewrite the following sentences by changing the active sentences to passive and
passive sentences to active.

1. Some boys were helping the wounded man. (active)

The wounded man was being helped by some boys. (passive)

2. The work will be finished by him in a fortnight. (passive)

He will finish the work in a fortnight. (active)

3. The manager will give you a ticket. (active)

You will be given a ticket by the manager. (passive)
A ticket will be given to you by the manager. (passive)
 4. He was made king. (passive) – verb is in the passive form (was made)
They made him king. (active) – verb is in the active form (They made – the subject performs the
action - SV)

5. The peon opened the gate. (active)

The gate was opened by the peon. (passive)

6. The child is eating bananas. (active)

Bananas are being eaten by the child. (passive)

7. The master punished the servant. (active)

The servant was punished by the master. (passive)

8. A house is being built by them. (passive)

They are building a house. (active)

9. A book was being written by him. (passive)

He was writing a book. (active)

10. A blue shirt was worn by him. (passive) They appear in

He wore a blue shirt. (active) compound sentences.

Co-ordinating Conjunctions

Fanboys
FOR = He is working here, for he loves this company. (because/reason)

AND = John hates you a lot, and he will never talk to you. (in addition to)

NOR = I have never talked to that guy, nor do I want to do it. (also not)

BUT = I wanted to help you, but they didn't let me do it. (contrast/ connects 2 opposite ideas)

OR = Do you want to come with us, or do you want to stay here? (option/choice)

YET = All of us worked really hard to pass the test, yet we all failed. (contrast)

SO = I was feeling blue, so I didn't go to office. (therefore/for that reason)

They
appear in
complex
sentences.
Q3. Identify the types of sentences.

1. His courage won him honour. Simple (1 subject and 1 predicate)

2. The moon was bright and we could see our way. Compound

This sentence has 2 parts joined by the co-ordinating conjunction ‘and.’

Each part contains a subject and a predicate of its own. In other words, each
(i)The moon was bright.
part is what we call a clause. We further notice that each clause makes good
(ii) We could see our way.
sense by itself, and hence can stand by itself as a complete sentence. Each
clause is therefore independent of the other or of the same order or rank,
and is called a Main/Independent clause. A sentence which is made up of
main clauses and is joined by co-ordinating conjunctions is called a
compound sentence.

3. Night came on and rain fell heavily and we all got wet. Compound
(i) Night came on. Sentence 3 consists of three Clauses of the same order or rank. In other
(ii) Rain fell heavily. words, sentence 3 consists of three Independent or Main Clauses.
(iii) We all got very wet.
co-ordinating conjunctions – and used twice

4. They rested when evening came. Complex

Sentence 4 consists of two
parts:
(i) They rested.
(ii) When evening came
Each part contains a Subject and a Predicate of its own, and forms part of a
large sentence. Each part is therefore a clause.
We further notice that the clause, They rested, makes good sense by itself,
and hence can stand by itself as a complete sentence. It is therefore called
the Independent or Main Clause.
The Clause, when evening came, cannot stand by itself and make good
sense. It is dependent on the clause, they rested. It is therefore called a
Dependent or Subordinate Clause.

5. As the boxers advanced into the ring, the people said they would not allow them to fight.
Complex
6. Ali and Ahmed are going to the park. Simple (compound subjects)
7. Ali was jumping and running in the park. Simple (compound verbs)
8. He drew his sword in order that he might defend himself. Complex
9. He walked slowly so the child wouldn’t wake. Compound
10. As he was not there, I spoke to his brother. Complex
We use:
 who and whom for people
 which and that for things
 that for people or things.

Q4. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun.

1. This is the town where I spent my childhood.
2. This is the town in which I spent my childhood.
3. This is the house which/that I was born in.
4. Here is an article which/that might interest you.
5. I gave her a bag which/that she put in her bag at once.
6. This is Alice whom you met last year.
7. They got divorced a few months later which surprised nobody.
8. The people who/that live next door are not very friendly. (prefer ‘who’)
9. The only thing that matters is to find our way home.
10. The woman whom I marry should have good sense of humor.
 Help (Who vs Whom)
A Neat Trick for Spotting "Who"
Substitute "who" with the word "he." If that part of the sentence still makes
sense, then "who" is almost certainly correct. For example:
 Who paid for the meal?
 He paid for the meal.
(As "he" sounds okay, "who" must be correct.)

 I have never seen the man who lives in the hut.

(As "he" lives in the hut" sounds okay, "who" must be correct.)

"Who" = "They"
In order to perform this trick for plurals, you must substitute "who" with the word
"they."
 I met the people who were on the plane.
(As "they were on the plane" is okay, "who" must be correct.)

We use whom as the object of a verb or preposition:

This is George, whom you met at our house last year. (whom is the object of met)