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The 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering

The 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering

Effect
Effect of
of rotational
rotational split
split ring
ring resonator
resonator on
on dual
dual bandstop
bandstop filter
filter
Manufacturing Engineering Society
a, International
b Conference 2017, MESIC
c 2017, 28-30
b June
Mohssine El Ouahabi a, *, Alia Zakritib, Mohamed Essaaidic, Aziz Dkiouakb
Mohssine El Ouahabi *, Alia Zakriti , Mohamed Essaaidi , Aziz Dkiouak
2017, Vigo (Pontevedra),
0F

0F
Spain
a
a
Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences, Tetuan, Morocco
Abdelmalek
Essaadi Essaadi University,
NationalFaculty
School of
of Sciences, Tetuan, Morocco
Costing models for capacity optimization in Industry 4.0: Trade-off
b
b
Abdelmalek University, applied Sciences, Tetuan, Morocco
Abdelmalek Essaadi
c University,
ENSIAS, National
Mohammed V School of applied
University, Rabat, Sciences,
Morocco Tetuan, Morocco
c
ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
between used capacity and operational efficiency
Abstract
Abstract A. Santanaa, P. Afonsoa,*, A. Zaninb, R. Wernkeb
This paper presents analysis and design aof a compact
University dual bandstop
of Minho, 4800-058 filter using Portugal
Guimarães, an array of square split ring resonators (SSRR).
This paper presents analysis and design of abUnochapecó,
compact dual bandstop filter using an array of square split ring resonators (SSRR).
The SSRR are placed in the ground to cut off the unwanted signals.Chapecó,
89809-000 The results show that the angular orientation of the inner ring
SC, Brazil
The SSRR are placed in the ground to cut off the unwanted signals. The results show that the angular orientation of the inner ring
offers the possibility of designing dual bandstop filter with a small size and simple structure.
offers the possibility of designing dual bandstop filter with a small size and simple structure.
©
© 2018
2019 The Authors. Published
The Authors. Published by
by Elsevier
Elsevier Ltd.
Ltd.
© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Abstract
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering.
Selection
Under andconcept
the peer-review under responsibility
of "Industry of the 12th processes
4.0", production Internationalwill
Conference Interdisciplinarity
be pushed in Engineering.
to be increasingly interconnected,
information
Keywords: Dualbased onfilter;
bandstop a real timesplit
Square basis
ringand, necessarily,
resonator; Unwanted much
signal more efficient. In this context, capacity optimization
Keywords: Dual bandstop filter; Square split ring resonator; Unwanted signal
goes beyond the traditional aim of capacity maximization, contributing also for organization’s profitability and value.
Indeed, lean management and continuous improvement approaches suggest capacity optimization instead of
1. Introduction
maximization. The study of capacity optimization and costing models is an important research topic that deserves
1. Introduction
contributions from both the practical and theoretical perspectives. This paper presents and discusses a mathematical
Wireless
model communications
for capacity management systems
basedrequire various
on different types models
costing of filters to beand
(ABC implemented
TDABC). A either to allow
generic modela particular
has been
Wireless communications systems require various types of filters to be implemented either to allow a particular
range of frequencies
developed and it was used[1-2] or to block
to analyze unwanted
idle capacity signal
and to design [3]. Recently,
strategies theretheismaximization
towards an increasingof interest in the
organization’s
range of frequencies [1-2] or to block unwanted signal [3]. Recently, there is an increasing interest in the
implementation
value. of dual
The trade-off band maximization
capacity stop filters (DBSFs) since they
vs operational can effectively
efficiency suppress
is highlighted and ittheis undesired
shown thatconcurrent
capacity
implementation of dual band stop filters (DBSFs) since they can effectively suppress the undesired concurrent
interference at
optimization two separate
might frequencies.
hide operational inefficiency.
interference at two separate frequencies.
To achieve
© 2017 the Published
The Authors. dual bandstop responses,
by Elsevier B.V. various filter configurations based on planar technology have been
To achieve the dual bandstop responses, various offilter configurations based onSociety
planarInternational
technologyConference
have been
proposed. They
Peer-review under include Composite
responsibility right/left-handed
of the scientific committee metamaterial transmission
the Manufacturing lines [4], Defected
Engineering ground structure
proposed. They include Composite right/left-handed metamaterial transmission lines [4], Defected ground structure
2017.
(DGS) [5], and defected microstrip structure (DMS) [6]. Band stop filter with wide band can be obtained by using
(DGS) [5], and defected microstrip structure (DMS) [6]. Band stop filter with wide band can be obtained by using
the complementary split ring resonator [7-11].
the complementary
Keywords: Cost Models; split
ABC;ring
TDABC;resonator
Capacity[7-11].
Management; Idle Capacity; Operational Efficiency

1. Introduction
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +212-618-178-412.
* The
Corresponding
cost
E-mail author.
of idle
address: Tel.: +212-618-178-412.
capacity is a fundamental information for companies and their management of extreme importance
elouahabi87@gmail.com
E-mail address: elouahabi87@gmail.com
in modern production systems. In general, it is defined as unused capacity or production potential and can be measured
in several©ways:
2351-9789 tons
2018 The of production,
Authors. available
Published by Elsevier Ltd.hours of manufacturing, etc. The management of the idle capacity
2351-9789
This © 2018
is anAfonso.
open The Authors.
access Published by Elsevier Ltd.
* Paulo
This is an and Tel.:article
openpeer-review
access article
under
+351 253
under
the761;
510 CC BY-NC-ND
the CC fax: +351 253license
BY-NC-ND
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
604 741
license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Selection
E-mail address: under responsibility
psafonso@dps.uminho.pt of the 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering.

2351-9789 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Peer-review
2351-9789 © under
2019responsibility
The Authors. of the scientificbycommittee
Published Elsevier of the Manufacturing Engineering Society International Conference 2017.
Ltd.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the 12th International Conference Interdisciplinarity in Engineering.
10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.271
682 Mohssine El Ouahabi et al. / Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019) 681–686
2 Mohssine El Ouahabi / Procedia Manufacturing 00 (2018) 000–000

This paper is divided into two sections. The first section gives the structure of the resonator which describe the
equivalent circuit analysis and the theory behind [12], while the second section describe the optimal configuration of
SRRR in term of high attenuation level in the rejected frequency band. Note that both frequencies responses at 2.4
and 5.8 GHz can be controlled separately.

2. Characteristics of a conventional square SRR

The conventional Square SRR is considered as one of the most common configuration that have been studied and
analyzed by researchers, it consists of two square shaped rings with gap in between them on the opposite side of both
rings. Figure 1(a) and (b) shows the schematic diagram of a Square SRR and its equivalent circuit model [12-14],
respectively.

Fig. 1. Geometry of the square SRR (a) unit cell; (b) equivalent circuit.

From the equivalent circuit of Figure 1(b), the resonant frequency f0 of the Square SRR is given by:

1 1
f0 = ≈ (1)
2π Lm (Cm + Cgap ) 2πLmCm

The inductance "Lm" of each ring can be obtained as,

µ0 S
Lm = [Lout + Lin ] (2)
W
Where, the capacitance "Cm" which represents the space between the inner and outer ring is given as,

Aε 0ε rW (2 Lout + 2 Lin − D )
Cm = (3)
2S
Using the above formulations, it obvious that the resonant frequency depends on the resonator dimensions.
 Mohssine El Ouahabi et al. / Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019) 681–686 683
Mohssine El Ouahabi / Procedia Manufacturing 00 (2018) 000–000 3

3. Design approach

3.1. Bandstop filter configuration

This section describes the design of dual band stop filter using the complementary square split ring resonator
(CSSRR). The proposed filter is printed on a Fr4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.58
mm as shown in Figure 2. The commercial software CST Microwave Studio is used to perform the analysis of S-
parameter.

Fig. 2. Configuration of the rotational complementary SSRR

The dimensions of the complementary SSRR were optimized to obtain two distinct resonances frequencies at 2.4
GHz and 3.5 GHz. The optimized dimensions are recapitulated in Table 1.

Table 1. Parameters of complementary SSRR.

CSRR Parameters Values (mm)
Length of outer ring Lout 8.8
Length of inner ring Lin 6
Separation between rings S 1.2
Split width of both rings D 0.8
Thickness of rings W 0.2
U 16
V 12

3.2. Inner ring rotation study

The effect of varying the position of the inner rings for different angular rotation θ=0°(Conventional SSRR), 90°,
180° and 270° is depicted in Figure 3.

a b c d

Fig.3. Different angle of rotation of inner ring. (a) θ=0°; (b) θ=90°; (c) θ=180°; (d) θ=270°.
4684 Mohssine
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/ Procedia Procedia Manufacturing
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a 0 b 0

-10
-5

-20

|S11| dB
|S12| dB

-10

-30

 -15 

-40  
 

-50 -20
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Frequency (GHz) Frequency (GHz)

Fig.4. Simulated S-parameter for different angular rotation θ of the inner ring. (a) |S12|; (b) |S11|.

Figure 4 (a) illustrates the dual frequency responses of our filter, the changing of the angular orientation in the
inner ring yields a high power rejection level that can reach more than 35 dB, also the insertion loss is very small on
the dual rejection band. It is noticeable that the return loss between the two frequency bands with 𝜃𝜃 = 180° 𝑖𝑖s much
larger than 𝜃𝜃 = 0° and 90°, as shown in Figure 4(b). From this study, it can be clearly noticed that the split gap of
the inner ring must be oriented towards the same angle of the outer ring and along x-direction of the electromagnetic
wave propagating. Note that The rotational angle of 90° and 270° gives the same results because the unit cell
structure is symmetrical.

3.3. Unit cell rotation study

In this section, the split gap of both rings is fixed in the same way, then the angular orientation of unit cell in the
four possible position is studied in figure 5.

a b c d

Fig.5. Different angle of rotation of unit cell. (a) θ=0°; (b) θ=90°; (c) θ=180°; (d) θ=270°.

From Figure 6 (a) and (b), we can easily conclude that the dip in transmission coefficient S12 and the acceptable
return loss between the dual rejection bands corresponds for the angular orientation of 180°. The rotational angle of
90° and 270° gives the same results because the unit cell structure is symmetrical.
 Mohssine
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a 0
b 0

-10
-10

-20
|S12| dB

|S11| dB
-20

-30

 -30 
-40  


-50 -40
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
Frequency (GHz)
Frequency (GHz)

Fig.6.Simulated S-parameterfor different angular rotationθ of unit cell. (a) |S12|; (b) |S11

3.4. Surface current distribution

a b

Fig.7. Surface current distribution of the proposed filter. (a) At 2.4 GHz; (b) At 3.5 GHz.
The surface current distributions in the ground plane have been demonstrated in Figure 7 for both resonance
frequencies. As we can see, the maximum current is concentrated in the both split gaps, hence the outer ring is
responsible for generating the first resonance frequency at 2.4 GHz. While, the inner ring is responsible for creating
the second resonance frequency at 3.5GHz.

4. Conclusion

This study investigates the effect of an angular orientation of a SRR both rings. The dual band rejection of
presented filter is achieved by loading a square SRR in the ground plane. The same direction of both split gaps leads
to enhanced rejection level in the stopband and the insertion loss in the pass band. The presented filter is useful to
suppress the unwanted signal frequencies at 2.4 GHz, 3.5GHz and 5.2 GHz which are suitable for WiMAX and
WLAN applications.

References

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