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Note 12 Equilibrium Rigid Body (3D Force System)
Note 12 Equilibrium Rigid Body (3D Force System)
Statics
Three-‐Force
Members
• When
subjected
to
three
forces,
the
forces
are
concurrent
or
parallel
Example
1
The
lever
ABC
is
pin-‐supported
at
A
and
connected
to
a
short
link
BD.
If
the
weight
of
the
members
are
negligible,
determine
the
force
of
the
pin
on
the
lever
at
A.
SoluGon
1
Free
Body
Diagrams
• BD
is
a
two-‐force
member
• Lever
ABC
is
a
three-‐force
member
⎝ 0.4 ⎠
+ → ∑ Fx = 0; FA cos 60.3! − F cos 45! + 400 N = 0
+ ↑ ∑ Fy = 0; FA sin 60.3! − F sin 45! = 0
Solving,
FA = 1.07 kN
F = 1.32 kN
Example
2
Example
3
5.5
Free-‐Body
Diagrams
(3D)
Support
ReacGons
As
in
the
two-‐dimensional
case:
• A
force
is
developed
by
a
support
• A
couple
moment
is
developed
when
rotaFon
of
the
aGached
member
is
prevented
• The
force’s
orientaFon
is
defined
by
the
coordinate
angles
α,
β
and
γ
Example
of
FBD
(3D)
5.6 Equations of Equilibrium
Redundant
Constraints
• More
support
than
needed
for
equilibrium
• StaFcally
indeterminate:
more
unknown
loadings
than
equaFons
of
equilibrium
Improper
Constraints
• Instability
caused
by
the
improper
constraining
by
the
supports
• When
all
reacFve
forces
are
concurrent
at
this
point,
the
body
is
improperly
constrained
Procedure
for
Analysis
Free
Body
Diagram
• Draw
an
outlined
shape
of
the
body
• Show
all
the
forces
and
couple
moments
acFng
on
the
body
• Show
all
the
unknown
components
having
a
posiFve
sense
• Indicate
the
dimensions
of
the
body
necessary
for
compuFng
the
moments
of
forces
EquaGons
of
Equilibrium
• Apply
the
six
scalar
equaFons
of
equilibrium
or
vector
equaFons
• Any
set
of
non-‐orthogonal
axes
may
be
chosen
for
this
purpose
EquaGons
of
Equilibrium
• Choose
the
direcFon
of
an
axis
for
moment
summaFon
such
that
it
insects
the
lines
of
acFon
of
as
many
unknown
forces
as
possible
Example
4
The
homogenous
plate
has
a
mass
of
100kg
and
is
subjected
to
a
force
and
couple
moment
along
its
edges.
If
it
is
supported
in
the
horizontal
plane
by
means
of
a
roller
at
A,
a
ball
and
socket
joint
at
N,
and
a
cord
at
C,
determine
the
components
of
reacFons
at
the
supports.
SoluGon
4
Free
Body
Diagrams
• Five
unknown
reacFons
acFng
on
the
plate
• Each
reacFon
assumed
to
act
in
a
posiFve
coordinate
direcFon
Components
of
force
at
B
can
be
eliminated
if
x’,
y’
and
z’
axes
are
used
∑ M x ' = 0;981N(1m)+ 300N(2m)− Az (2m) = 0
∑
M = 0;
y'
−300N(1.5m)− 981N(1.5m)+ 200N.m+TC (3m) = 0
!
Solving,
Az
=
790N
Bz
=
-‐217N
TC
=
707N
The
negaFve
sign
indicates
Bz
acts
downward
The
plate
is
parFally
constrained
as
the
supports
cannot
prevent
it
from
turning
about
the
z
axis
if
a
force
is
applied
in
the
x-‐y
plane
Example
5
SoluGon
5