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Orifice Flow: LESSON No. 2: Coordinate Method of Jet Velocity and
Orifice Flow: LESSON No. 2: Coordinate Method of Jet Velocity and
ORIFICE FLOW
LESSON No. 2 : Coordinate Method of Jet Velocity and
Unsteady Flow in an Orifice
COURSE MATERIALS
1. Coordinate Method of Determining Jet Velocity
a. Inclined Velocity
Viy Vi
X
O Vix y
x
Vf
a. V f = V i + a t
b. V f 2 = V i 2 + 2 a s
c. S = V i ( t ) + ½ a t 2
b. Horizontal Velocity
V i = Vix
y
V iy = 0
From: S=Vi(t)+½at2
x = Vix ( t )
y=½gt2
2.215 x
Vi = y
2. Unsteady Flow in Orifices: Discharge Under Falling or Rising Head
The unsteady flow problems require the determination of the time it takes for the
liquid surface to rise or drop from one given elevation to another elevation. The
analysis are divided in each cases that follows.
Constant QI (inflow)
L.S. ( t = 0 )
dh
h1 L.S. ( t = t )
h
h2
Qo (outflow)
Q i = inflow
Q o = outflow or discharge
Asdh d (Vol )
dt = CAo 2 gh = CAo 2 gh
where :
A s = area of the liquid surface at any head “h”
d (Vol )
Case I. When Q i = 0, the surface drops and the volume decreases or dt <
0.
The rate of change in the volume of the contained liquid is the outflow, Qo.
- Qo = - C Ao 2 gh
1 h2 d (Vol )
t = - CAo 2g h
h1
1 h1 d (Vol )
t = CAo 2g h
h1
hi d (Vol )
h2
CAo 2 gh Qi
t=