WELCOME

CLASS 8
 Chapter 5
Data Handling
ONE SHOT
PUN of the day!
Question of the day!
Which of the following diagrams
indicates the best relation between
Author, Lawyer and Singer ?
Answer: Option B

Explanation:

All the three are different professions.

Homework
Sailors
Shreya, jeshika, Pari, Naitik,
Komal, heeba, vaibhav,
dhairya, laxmipriya, charvi,
xxx
sanya, utkalika, debasmita,
bhavana, srishti, agamya
What are we going
to learn today??

❏ Data
❏ Organising and grouping data
❏ Pictograph
❏ Bar graph
❏ Double Bar graph
❏ Histogram
❏ Pie chart
❏ Chance
❏ Probability
 DATA
Data is a collection of numbers
gathered to give some information.
It can be

Numbers

Words

Measurements

Scores
 TYPES OF DATA

RAW DATA GROUPED DATA

 RAW DATA
❏ When some data is collected and
presented randomly, then it is called Raw
Data.
Or,
❏ Data obtained from direct observation is
called raw data.

Example:

Given below are the marks (out of 100) in

maths obtained by 20 students of a class in an
annual examination.

23 75 56 42 70 84 12 61 40 63

87 58 35 80 14 63 49 72 66 61

This data is raw data as is it not organised.

 GROUPED DATA
❏ When the same data are classified
into groups, then it is Grouped Data.
 TALLY TABLE
➢ Tally table is a way to represent
grouped data.
➢ It indicates the frequency of the
observations.
ORGANISATION OF DATA
To draw meaningful inferences, we need
to organise the raw data systematically.

For example, The following data shows

the number of children in 25 families: 1 1
2343211452422133255334
5 Make the frequency table for the data.
Given data:
21 10 30 22 33 5 37 12 25 42 15
39 26 32 18 27 50 19 29 35 31
24 36 18 20 38 22 44 16 24
GROUPING OF DATA
So, for convenience, we make groups of
observations like 0 — 10, 10 — 20. and so
on, and obtain a frequency distribution of
the number of observations falling in mach
group.
 Class Interval

Here, each of the groups 0-10, 10-20,

20-30, 30-40, 40-50 and 50-60 is
called a class interval.
 Lower & Upper class Limit

In class interval 10-20, the number 10

is called the lower limit and 20 is
called the upper limit of the class
 Class Size

The difference between the upper

limit and the lower limit of any class
interval is called the class size.

Thus, the class size in the above

 PICTOGRAPH
A pictograph represents data through
pictures of objects. It helps answer
the questions on the data at a glance.
Can you tell me how many children
takes bus and prefer walking ?
 BAR GRAPH
A Bar Graph is a graphical display of
data using bars of different heights.
DOUBLE BAR GRAPH
❏ A double bar graph is a graphical
display of information using two bars
beside each other at various heights.
❏ With the help of a double bar graph,
we can compare two data groups.
 HISTOGRAM
A histogram is the graphical representation
of data where data is grouped into
continuous number ranges and each range
corresponds to a vertical bar.

Age of students in a school:

❏ X-Axis in the histogram represents the
Class Intervals.
❏ Y-Axis in the histogram represents the
frequencies.

Height of Orange Trees

 Difference between Bar
Graph & Histogram

Bar Graph Histogram

Equal space No space between two

between every consecutive bars. They
two consecutive should be attached to
bars. each other.

The X-axis can The X-axis should

represent represent only
anything. continuous data that is in
terms of numbers.
 CIRCLE GRAPH
❏ These types of graphs are called
circle graphs.
❏ A circle graph shows the relationship
between a whole and its parts.
❏ The size of each sector is
proportional to the activity or
information it represents.
 PIE CHART
❏ Circle graph is named for its
resemblance to a pie which has been
sliced, there are variations on the
way it can be presented.
❏ The different slices can represent
different values of data.
 Example:
It is a really good way to show relative
sizes: it is easy to see which movie types
are most liked, and which are least
liked, at a glance.
 Central Angle
❏ The total angle at the centre of a circle is
360°.
❏ The central angle of the sectors will be a
fraction of 360°.
FORMULAS

180

540 900

1260 720
 CHANCE
❏ Chance is the situation that may or
may not happen has a chance of
happening.

❏ The Chance of happening of an

event may be described as one of
the following:
 Random Experiment

An experiment in which the result of the

trial cannot be predicted in advance.

Example:
Drawing a ball from a bag containing 5
red and 4 white balls.
 Event

An event associated with a random

experiment is the collection of some
outcomes of the experiment.
Example:
On throwing a die, 'getting a prime
number' is an event consisting of
outcomes 2, 3, 5.
Equally likely outcomes

Outcomes of an experiment are

equally likely if each has the same
chance of occurring.
 Probability
❏ The chance of happening of an event is
called the probability.
❏ The probability of an event is a number
between 0 and 1, where, roughly
speaking, 0 indicates impossibility of the
event and 1 indicates certainty.
Formula
Example:
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Question of the day!

JULY Month
Series completion
Venn diagrams

Comment and tell your

answers after the session
Question of the day!
Find the next term:
 After the session
Comment
and Ask Doubts

We will take up your

doubts in
Doubts + Menti session
on FRIDAY
 Next Class 8 session
Friday - 2:00 pm
Data Handling - Doubt + MENTI

Tomorrow’s schedule
Class 7 - 2:00 pm
RD Sharma
Class 6,7,8 - 3:00 pm
Time management and Routine
for online classes
THANK
YOU!!