ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNITY PROFILE

Environmental Community Health Profile 2021

Cobb County, GA
Avery Aschwege, Sarah Ngugi, Katie Hanson

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EVIDENCE LOG SHEET

Evidence Description/Title of Document Relevant Findings

Reference #

8 EPA Learn the Basics of Hazardous Hazardous Waste Sites and

Waste Dangerous Chemicals

10 Overview of EPA’s Brownfields Program Hazardous Waste Sites and

Dangerous Chemicals

7 EPA Clean Air Act Text Air Quality

9 NAAQS Table Air Quality

6 EWG’s Tap Water Database 2019 Update Water Quality

11 Water Quality in Georgia Water Quality

1 2016 Cobb and Douglas Community Health Status

Health Assessment 2019 Annual Update

2 Cobb 2010 How Healthy Are We? Health Status

3 Cobb 2014 How Healthy Are We? Health Status

4 Cobb County Genealogical Society Industrial History

5 About Cobb County: History of Cobb Industrial History

County

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SUMMARY OF RESEARCH
Hazardous Waste Sites and Dangerous Chemicals
Hazardous waste can be defined as waste with harmful properties that can be detrimental
to human health and the greater environment. Some hazardous wastes include herbicides,
mercury-containing batteries, certain paints, and industrial solvents. Established in 1976, the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), was created to ensure the safe handling of
hazardous wastes. This act, however, was not the first act to confront the management of waste;
The Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 came prior and was the first to address the issue. Since
1976, RCRA has been amended several times to strengthen its efficacy. The RCRA works by
granting power to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to regulate the transportation,
treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. There are over 280 parts to the RCRA that
give a thorough review of all regulations. Some of these include the prohibition of dilution as
opposed to treatment, the requirement of treatment of hazardous debris prior to exposure, the
time limit of one year for small-scale accumulation of universal waste started after the initial
accumulation, and others. There are some important terms to note when discussing hazardous
waste such as brownfields and superfund sites. By the words of the EPA, a brownfield is “a
property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence
or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant”(EPA, 2021). The EPA
further states that “cleaning up and reinvesting in these properties increases local tax bases,
facilitates job growth, utilizes existing infrastructure, takes development pressures off of
undeveloped, open land, and both improves and protects the environment”(EPA 2021). Cobb
County has zero brownfields; however, in the city of Atlanta there are approximately 65.
Similarly, Superfund is what allows the EPA to clean up hazardous waste sites and force the
people responsible to articulate the clean-up or reimburse the government for the EPA leading it.
A superfund site is simply a site that is subject to this program; there are 37 superfund sites in
Cobb County.
I had a conversation with Dillon Long, an employee of the Georgia Department of
Natural Resources Environmental Protection Division. Below are the questions asked as well as
a summary of the given response.
1. What approaches do you take regarding handling hazardous waste?
There are different regulatory requirements. Firstly, there are OSHA and RCRA requirements.
After that, there are state by state specific regulations. Part of Dillon Long’s job is to make sure
different facilities abide by these standards. All state regulations must be as strict as those put out
by the federal government; however, if states exceed the baseline, they may. A great example is
California as they have a strong hazardous waste enforcement program that is followed strictly.

2. What potential risks are involved when dealing with hazardous waste?
Hazardous waste is hazardous because it poses a threat of harm to many biological processes.
The Cuyahoga River is a great example of the risks of hazardous waste; the river, polluted with
oil and debris, caught on fire on one tragic day in 1969 due to sparks from a passing train. This

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unfortunate story is an example of what Dillon Long calls a characteristic hazard or a hazard that
is ignitable, reactive, corrosive, or something similar. He also mentioned toxic hazards such as
chromium, silver, and lead whose effects can be severe.

3. What impact have you seen hazardous waste have on our community?
The RCRA gives the EPA authority over the handling of hazardous wastes from cradle to grave.
This analogy simply means that hazardous waste needs to be managed from the beginning of its
existence to the end of its existence. Dillon Long works in the generator compliance unit and
typically deals with hazardous waste in its “cradle” stage. He has seen many adverse effects from
improper management that leads to a spill or release of hazardous wastes and improper
containment of contaminants or contamination. If a facility working with heavy metals fails to
provide the proper care, neighboring communities can be affected. In Atlanta, there is lead
contamination that causes companies to have to comply with remediation in order for them to
bring up what they need on the land.

The map on the left shows the superfund sites located in our area. The chart on the right shows the process of
determining if material is a hazardous waste

Below are screenshots from an email chain with Shawn Kruen on the Cobb County Fire
Department HazMat procedures. Mr. Kruen was contacted as he has an extensive background as
an engineer and Cobb County firefighter on the HazMat team. His response provided insight on
the procedures in the event of a HazMat incident and how effects on the environment are
minimized through the first actions they take upon arrival at the scene.

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Question Translation
Good morning!

I am currently creating an environmental health profile of Cobb County, GA and would like to
ask a few questions pertaining to the procedure for handling hazmat accidents.

1. What are the first measures taken when first arriving at the site of an accident?
2. Can you give a brief example of how hazardous material is cleaned up and disposed of
properly?
3. What are the consequences of improperly handling hazmat accidents?
4. How are people who have been contaminated by hazardous materials treated at the
scene?
5. How are the long term effects of hazmat accidents minimized to protect the environment?

Thank you in advance for your time and assistance.

Respectfully,

Avery Aschwege

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Reply Translation
Hi Avery,

I would be glad to help you out by answering your questions. I am an engineer here and I have
been on the HazMat team for approximately 14 years.

1. When first arriving on scene of a Hazmat incident our first priority is to setup a
hazard zone so we can prevent anyone from entering the area and causing harm to
themselves. We then try to identify the product that is causing the issue. By doing this we
can determine how to not only decontaminate any victims and/or mitigate the problem
but also keep our personnel safe. If we contaminate or hurt our personnel then we will
only make the problem worse.
2. While our department does not participate in hazmat cleanup, we only confine or
contain the leak until a certified company can perform the cleanup. It is the responsibility
of the party that caused the leak or breach to contact a cleanup company to handle the
clean up and disposal of the product. If they do not have a contracted company then we
can provide a list of certified companies to handle the spill or leak. Once the cleanup
company arrives on scene they neutralize and gather the product. They then transport it to
a certified hazardous material disposal location.
3. Fire department hazmat teams are regulated by the EPA, DOT, OSHA and the
NRC. We are required to take specific actions laid out by all of these organizations. If we
were to improperly handle a hazmat incident then we could possibly face fines or legal
action from any of these organizations.

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4. When we arrive on scene of an incident with victims involved, our priority is to

have the victims decontaminated, medically evaluated and transported to a medical
facility for any injuries or issues they may have. Once we have determined what the
product is and what actions we need to take to decontaminate the victims we setup a
standard decon line for our ambulatory victims that are able to walk and an emergency
decon line for our non ambulatory victims that may need immediate transport. We then
gather the victims and have them proceed through our decon line to remove the product.
The victims are then medically evaluated and transported to the hospital if necessary.
5. Environmental safety is one of the top priorities aside from life safety. While on
scene, hazmat teams attempt to minimize the environmental affects by preventing product
runoff from the incident and/or decon line into storm drains or water ways. By preventing
this we avoid contaminating nearby water sources like creeks, rivers and lakes. We also
prevent any harm that could come to marine life and our drinking water sources. If
hazardous materials are soaked into the ground or vegetation then the clean up companies
remove anything contaminated and send it to the hazardous material disposal site for
proper disposal.

I hope this helps answer your questions and helps clarify how we handle hazmat incidents. If you
should have any additional questions feel free to let me know and I will try to help anyway I can.

Thank you,

Casey Kreun

Air Quality

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Air quality is a measure of the amount of pollutants in the air. Air quality is determined
using the EPA’s Air Quality Index or AQI. Established in 1963, The Clean Air Act was created
in an attempt to reduce and manage pollution nationally. While established in 1963, the act has
undergone several amendments with its most major one in 1990. President George Bush pushed
for the act to cover three principal environmental threats: acid rain, urban pollution, and toxic air
emissions. In addition he wished for the act to encompass a national merits program and a
greater enforcement program. Ultimately, the bill from congress was signed and the act has
prospered since with small-scale changes being made. The Clean Air Act works by granting the
EPA permission to set bounds on the amount of specific pollutants in the air nationwide as well
as restrict the release of air pollutants from places such as steel mills, utilities, and chemical
plants. The EPA has six “criteria” air pollutants: carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide,
ground-level ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide. The EPA is required to set a National
Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for each of these 6 pollutants. Listed below are the
standards for each respective pollutant as well as the actions that release them into the air.
● Sulfur Dioxide: One hour standard primary of 75 ppb. Sulfur dioxide is released by
burning fossil fuels, mineral ores that contain sulfur, and volcanic eruptions.
● Carbon Monoxide: One hour primary standard of 35ppb. Carbon monoxide is released
from lighting, forest fires, volcano eruptions, natural gas in coal mines, burning charcoal,
running cars, smoke from cigarettes, and the incomplete burning of gas, oil, wood, and
coal.
● Lead: Rolling three month average standard of 0.15 µg/m3. Lead is released when
burning coal, oil, and waste. It is also released through mining, the steel industry, crop
enhancers, and the improper management of metal parts and batteries.
● Nitrogen dioxide: Primary one hour standard of 100 ppb. Nitrogen dioxide is released
through the burning of fuel.
● Ground-Level Ozone: Primary eight hour standard of .070ppm. According to the EPA,
ground-level ozone is “created by chemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NOx)
and volatile organic compounds (VOC)” (EPA, 2021).
● Particulate Matter: Primary one hour standard of 150 µg/m3 (PM10) and standard of 35
μg/m3 (PM 2.5). Particulate matter is in the atmosphere as the result of complex chemical
reactions (i.e. NOx with SO₂).

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AQI is based on five of these six: ground-level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide,
sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

This chart shows the range of the AQI (0-500) and what each category within this range indicates.

-
The graph details the MSA ozone design values in our area from 2000 to 2017

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This graph shows the AQI in Marietta, Georgia for various times from October 23, 2021 to October 25, 2021.

This chart gives a comprehensive overview of the NAAQS for the six criteria pollutants.

Water Quality

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It is crucial that an area has quality water for the health and wellbeing of its residents.
With quality water, residents do not fear that there is a presence of impurities or hazardous
contaminants in the water.
Water contamination is caused by pollution from matter. Contamination types are
typically categorized into six groups- microorganisms, disinfectants, disinfection by-products,
inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals, and radionuclides. Each type contains a various number
of different kinds of contaminants varying in severity and detriment to human health. Common
causes of water contamination include human/animal sewage, urban run-off, mines, landfills,
pesticides, and much more. To prevent harmful contaminants from entering the water supply and
protect public health, standards for drinking water have been set forth by multiple agencies on
the federal, state, and local level.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established regulations on over ninety
contaminants in drinking water. Legal limits are established so that all residents' health is
protected and ensured through scheduled water testing. Common contaminants include those
detailed in the chart below.

Contaminant Regulations Regulations Contaminant Regulations Regulations

Type MCLG MCL (mg/L) Type MCLG MCL (mg/L)
(mg/L) (mg/L)

Mercury 0.002 0.002 Nitrates 10 10

Lead 0 0; Action Phosphates - -

level 0.015

Radon - - Silica - -

Chlorine 4 4 Sulfide - -

Chromium 0.1 0.1 Nitrites 1 1

Copper 1.3 Action level pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5

1.3

Cyanide .2 .2 Iron 0.3 0.3

*Note
● Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) - The level of a contaminant in drinking
water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a
margin of safety and are non-enforceable public health goals.
● Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) - The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed
in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to MCLGs as feasible using the best available
treatment technology and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.

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According to Cobb County’s 2021 Water Quality Report, water has met or exceeded the
standards set forth by the federal and state government. Based upon the water samples collected
there were no violations in the report. Below are three charts displaying the results of the various
samples collected.

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In the lab conducted on the William’s Well Water and the Local Water Source, it was
found that coliforms were present in both samples. Following an indole detection, the reagent
revealed a red ring at the top of the water signaling the samples contained E.coli. Further analysis
also revealed the presence of E.coli and S.marcescens in the William’s Well Water through the
results of the gel electrophoresis.
Screenshots and translations from email chain with Mary Sheffield on the testing of
extension water by homeowners. Ms. Sheffield works for the University of Georgia and helps to
conduct water sample testing sent in by clients. Her response provided more insight on how the
community can improve to minimize coliform contamination in its water.

Question Translation
Good afternoon!

I am currently creating a health profile of Cobb County, GA, and was hoping you could provide
some insight on the procedure for water quality testing and answer a few questions.

1. What is the procedure for obtaining water samples?

2. What is the procedure for testing water samples?
3. How often are water quality test samples taken? What contaminants are looked for?
4. Are there any contaminants that are more commonly seen in Cobb County’s water than in
other counties? If so, what steps are taken to mitigate this?
5. When there is the presence of a contaminant above the level deemed as safe for drinking
water, what steps are taken to eliminate its presence?
6. What steps can community members take to ensure that drinking water is safe for all
within the community?
Thank you in advance for your time and assistance.

Respectfully,

Avery Aschwege

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Reply Translation
Hi Avery.

I can speak for Extension water testing which may vary some from municipal testing, but I’ll
give it my best try. If you need information about municipal water, you might need to contact
the Cobb County Water System.

For Extension Water testing, samples are collected by the client and placed in an appropriate
container-That is determined by the water test they are requesting. You can find more specific
details about sample collection for common water tests here:
We now recommend that all drinking water samples be collected from the first draw water out of
the kitchen faucet or from the faucet used most often for drinking. Please follow three basic
protocols when collecting a drinking water sample:
1. A first draw water sample will be collected (after a minimum of 6 hours, but not more
than a 12-hour period) during which time there was no water usage prior to the sampling. The
GA-EPD recommends that either early morning or evening upon returning home are the best
sampling times to ensure that the necessary stagnant water conditions exist.
2. A kitchen or bathroom cold-water faucet is to be used for sampling. If the primary
concern is the well pump, draw the water from as near the well head as possible.
3. Place a clean sample container below the faucet and gently open the cold water tap.
Completely fill all sample bottles.
For Microbiology testing (i.e. Bacteria), follow 5 basic protocols when collecting a drinking
water sample:

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1. Select an inside faucet that is clean and not leaking.

2. Remove any faucet attachments such as filters, aerators, screens, splash guards, or
water-saver valves.
3. Sanitize the faucet inside and out by dipping the faucet neck into undiluted chlorine
bleach (do not use color-safe bleach).
4. Open the tap fully and flush the faucet and pipes with running water for 3 minutes. If
sampling from a faucet that mixes hot and cold water, run hot water for 3 minutes, then cold
water for 3 minutes. Do not turn off the water, but reduce the flow to avoid splashing.
5. Uncap the sample bottle without touching the inside of the cap or bottle, fill the bottle
above the 100 mL line, but not completely full and recap. Please note that the white substance in
the bottle is a dechlorinating agent, which is essential. Fill the bottle only once; do not rinse.
Tests are conducted at the UGA soil and water testing lab at the University of Georgia and
procedures for each test vary based on what the lab is looking for.

We recommend that people with wells test their well water for bacteria yearly and for minerals
about once every three years. For municipal water testing, the tests are done more frequently and
on a set schedule.

I cannot speak to the data on Cobb County, but I do know that in Paulding County well water
frequently tests positive for coliform bacteria. It also often tests with high levels of iron and
manganese.

When contaminants are present the steps taken depend upon the contaminant. For bacteria, we
recommend shock chlorinating the system and retesting the water (water systems chlorinate their
water to prevent this issue). For minerals, there are various filtration systems that can be
installed in people’s homes to mitigate problems. We have a comprehensive guide to mitigating
some of the problems that you can review here:
https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B939

To ensure safe drinking water for the entire community, everyone should be aware of how we
contribute to non-point source pollution. Reducing litter, sources of runoff contamination, and
understanding the implications of stormwater runoff in our communities are some of the ways
that people can help. There are some great resources through the Metropolitan North Georgia
Water Planning District:
https://northgeorgiawater.org/

Mary Carol Sheffield

UGA Extension-Paulding County | County Extension Coordinator/Agent for Agriculture and

Natural Resources

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Mail: 530 West Memorial Drive | Dallas, GA 30132

770-443-7616 | msheff@uga.edu | www.ugaextension.org/paulding

Health Status
The health status of a community can provide insight on how the community’s
environment and surroundings are affecting their health. Common markers for community health

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include birth outcomes (including birth weight and birth defects), cancer rates, mortality rates,
and rates of disease reflecting the current standing of the population in an area.

BIRTH OUTCOMES
The infant mortality rate (IMR) in Cobb County, GA has continued to decrease overtime.
Between 2014-2018, the IMR was 6.4 with a total recording of 247 infant deaths.

CANCER RATES
Cancer rates in Cobb County, GA reveal that rates follow the Georgia and national trend of
falling rates. Georgia and Cobb County’s age-adjusted incidence rate (cases per 100,000) is
higher than the national incidence rate. With a 95% confidence interval, the incidence rate of
Cobb County is 468.9 whereas the national incidence rate is 448.6.

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MORTALITY RATES
Life expectancy in Cobb County, GA is approximately the same for females when compared to
the national average and approximately 1.5 years above the national average for males. Mortality
rates in Cobb County, GA are much lower than both Georgia and National rates.

Life expectancy in Cobb County, GA.

All-cause mortality rate in Cobb County, GA.

RATES OF DISEASE

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In Cobb County, GA heart and vascular disease is the leading cause of death followed by
mental/behavioral disorders and lung cancer. Sexually transmitted diseases are prevalent in Cobb
County, Georgia as it is in much of the Southeast. According to the CDC, in 2012 Georgia was
ranked 8th in the U.S. for Chlamydia, 5th in the U.S. for Gonorrhea, and 1st in the U.S. for
Primary and Secondary Syphilis. Obesity due to poor nutritional habits and lack of physical
activity are a major factor in the leading causes of illness and death in Cobb County. In 2012,
58% of Cobb County adults reported being either overweight or obese (How Healthy Are We?).

Industry History

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Cobb county was established in 1832 as part of Georgia’s 6th land lottery. In the 1850’s
Cobb County's main industry consisted of small farms and a few large plantations and a railroad
running through Kennesaw and Smyrna. In the early 1860’s Sherman's march came through
Cobb County, destroying farms and the railroad. After the civil war, during reconstruction, the
railroad was rebuilt and a few small farms resurfaced. Agriculture remained prominent in Cobb
County until the 1940s, when Bell Aircraft Corporations was established to help produce
aircrafts in WW2. The aircraft plant closed shortly after WW2, reopened in 1951 during the
Korean War, and is open today as Lockheed Martin. The agriculture and railroad have had an
impact on the environment because land was cleared to build them and excess runoff was put
into waterways because of this. The aircraft industry has had an impact on the environment
through all the chemicals, gas, and water used to make the aircrafts.The main industries in Cobb
county today are displayed in the graph below.

The main environmental concern based on the Cobb county economy today is the effect
construction work has on the environment. Construction can cause the waterways to be polluted

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through dirt and chemicals that get swept into streams and rivers by rain. Construction can also
contribute to air pollution through all the gas and chemicals being distributed into the air.
We contacted Maple Leaf Lawn Care and Pest Control, a local business, to ask about
how they reduce their impact on the environment and the effects this has had on their business.
Katherine Hanson was the one calling from our team and Scott Lainer was the representative of
Maple Leaf Lawn Care and Pest Control that she talked to. This is the transcript of that
conversation:
Katherine Hanson: Hello, I’m Katherine Hanson. My team and I are creating an Environmental
Health Profile of Cobb County, Georgia. We were wondering if you would be willing to answer our 3
question anonymous survey to help us with our Profile.

Scott Lainer: Yeah, How long is it going to take?

Katherine Hanson: Not long at all.

Scott Lainer: Ok then.

Katherine Hanson: Number one, How do you minimize the impact of the harmful chemicals used in
your work on the environment?

Scott Lainer: We only apply it according to the label and don’t apply it when it’s windy or rainy to
keep it from being washed or blown away

Katherine Hanson: Number two, Have you switched to different products within the last 15 years
because of governmental restrictions?

Scott Lainer: Yes

Katherine Hanson: How has this affected your business?

Scott Lainer: It hasn’t. We have actually voluntarily switched to natural products to reduce our impact
on the environment.

Katherine Hanson: That was actually my next question. Has switching voluntarily affected your
business at all?

Scott Lainer: Not at all.

Katherine Hanson: That was it. Thank you so much for your time.

Scott Lainer: No problem, that was quick.

Katherine Hanson: Have a great day.

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Scott Lainer: You too.

Based on this conversation, this particular business is very open to environmental health
and is more than willing to follow governmental regulations to help decrease their impact on the
environment.
One more company contacted about how they reduce their impact on the environment
was Grizzly Bear Lawn care. We talked to the owner, who told us they try to use as many
electric tools as possible so less gas is emitted into the air. They also pull weeds instead of
spraying them with chemicals, that way the harmful chemicals don’t make their way into streams
and waterways. The last thing they do to reduce their impact on the environment is they don’t
use colorizers whose purpose is to make lawns appear more green, as those colorizers contain
chemicals that are harmful to animals. This company seems very self aware about their
environmental impact.

ACTION PLAN

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Our environmental health protection action plan looks to create a multipart program that

incorporates education outreach to Cobb County. The two primary targets of the program will be

community members and businesses to inform them on the importance of safe environmental

practices to protect our air and water.

It is hoped that first, Cobb County's environmental outreach program headquarters will be

established, acting similarly to the Cobb Safety Village; however, it will instead pertain to

environmental safety and protection. One responsibility of the program will be to help public

schools implement the importance of environmental safety and protection within the science

curriculum. Furthermore, at a given point in the year, a guest speaker from headquarters may

come to the school to emphasize the importance of environmental safety. Similar to the Cobb

Safety Village, 2nd and 4th graders will take a pretest and posttest before and after the guest

speaker's visit to ensure that the information taught is understood and hopefully implemented

within daily behaviors.

Going beyond just the education of youth within Cobb County, the headquarters will also

host regular events that reach out to adult community members and guide them towards more

environmentally friendly practices they may implement in their daily lives. To ensure proper

practices and procedures are followed, headquarters may also establish partnerships with

businesses in the area. Like Joshua's law, before someone opens a business (that uses chemicals,

e.g., restaurants, lawn care, pest control, construction companies, mechanics, etc.), they are

required to complete an eight-hour course on environmental laws, safety, and health. At the end

of the course, they will have to pass an exam that permits them to open their business (amongst

the other requirements).

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The employers will be required to train their employees in this area. To ensure that employers

do, employees of these businesses will be required to pass the exam on environmental health.

The goal of our action plan is to educate and promote practices that protect our water and

air quality. Although dangerous contaminants that can spark immediate disastrous results are rare

within the county, the plan hopes to ensure that precautions and steps are made to prevent such

events from ever occurring. It is essential to support the continued protection of our environment,

accomplished through our action plan.

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REFERENCE SHEET

Cobb and Douglas Public Health. (2020). 2016 Cobb And Douglas Community Health
Assessment 2019 ANNUAL UPDATE. Cobb & Douglas Public Health - Cobb & Douglas
Public Health.
https://www.cobbanddouglaspublichealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/
CDPH_Community-Health-Assessment-Annual-Update-2019-final.pdf
Cobb & Douglas Public Health. (2010). How Healthy Are We? Cobb & Douglas Public Health -
Cobb & Douglas Public Health. https://www.cobbanddouglaspublichealth.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/04/Health-Status-Report-Cobb-10.7.10.pdf
Cobb and Douglas Public Health. (2014). How Healthy Are We? COBB COUNTY 2014
ANNUAL REPORT CARD. Cobb & Douglas Public Health - Cobb & Douglas Public
Health. https://www.cobbanddouglaspublichealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/
CDPH_Cobb-Health-Report-121214.pdf
Cobb County Genealogical Society. (n.d.). Cobb County genealogical society.
https://cobbgagensoc.org/cobb_history.htm

Cobb County Government. (n.d.). Cobb County. Cobb County Georgia.

https://www.cobbcounty.org/communications/info-center/about-cobb-county

Environmental Working Group. (2019). EWG's tap water database: What's in your drinking
water? Environmental Working Group – Know your choices | Environmental Working
Group. https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system.php?pws=GA0670003

EPA. (2021, March 24). Clean Air Act text. US EPA. https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-
overview/clean-air-act-text

EPA. (2021, June 16). Learn the basics of hazardous waste. US EPA.
https://www.epa.gov/hw/learn-basics-hazardous-waste

EPA. (2021, February 10). NAAQS table. US EPA.

https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table
EPA. (2021, July 26). Overview of EPA's Brownfields program. US EPA.
https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/overview-epas-brownfields-program
Georgia Environmental Protection Division. (2015, November 19). Water quality in Georgia.
Environmental Protection Division. https://epd.georgia.gov/watershed-protection-
branch/watershed-planning-and-monitoring-program/water-quality-georgia

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. (2016). COUNTY PROFILE: Cobb County,
Georgia. https://www.healthdata.org/sites/default/files/files/county_profiles/US/2015/
County_Report_Cobb_County_Georgia.pdf
US Census Bureau. (2018, September 4). The demographic statistical atlas of the United States.
The Demographic Statistical Atlas of the United States - Statistical Atlas.
https://statisticalatlas.com/county/Georgia/Cobb-County/Occupations

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Water quality report. (n.d.). Marietta, GA | Official Website.

https://www.mariettaga.gov/570/Water-Quality-Report

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