Laboratory Report

Experiment No. 4

THE ZENER DIODE AND DC POWER SUPPLY

Course/section: ECE 005 / ME51S1 Instructor: Engr. Cayetano Hiwatig

Group No.: 5 Date Performed: October 29, 2020

Group Members: (Name/Signature/Task(duty))

1. Ryan Christian Marasigan – Leader

2. John Homar De Leon – Computation and Data Gatherer

3. Cedric Aaron Delos Angeles - Conclusion

4. Reinier Franco – Multisim Connection and Simulation

5. Jomel Pedroso – Observation and Assessment Tasks

Assessment (Rubric for Laboratory Performance):

Data and Results:

Activity 1

The Zener Diode

VS (V) VR (V) VD (V) I (A) VS (V) VR (V) VD (V) I (A)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.1 336.323e-12 0.1 0 -0.5 -1.501e-9 -0.5 0
0.2 2.427e-9 0.2 2.776e-12 -1 -3.001e-9 -1 0
0.3 90.972e-9 0.3 94.369e-12 -1.5 -4.502e-9 -1.5 -22.204e-12
0.4 4.439e-6 0.4 4.446e-9 -2 -6.003e-9 -2 0
0.5 216.907e-6 0.4998 218.747e-9 -2.5 -7.502e-9 -2.5 -44.409e-12
0.6 7.917e-3 0.5921 10.770e-6 -3 -9.004e-9 -3 0
0.7 57.178e-3 0.6428 528.693e-6 -3.5 -10.504e-9 -3.5 -44.409e-12
0.8 135.099e-3 0.665 21.518e-3 -4 -12.004e-9 -4 0
0.9 222.3e-3 0.677 202.059e-3 -4.5 -13.503e-9 -4.5 0
1 313.462e-3 0.6865 526.129e-3 -5 -15.001e-9 -5 0
1.1 406.756e-3 0.6932 895.469e-3 -5.5 -16.503e-9 -5.5 0
1.2 501.368e-3 0.6986 1.284 -6 -18.008e-9 -6 0
1.3 596.872e-3 0.7031 1.682 -6.5 -19.5e-9 -6.5 0
1.4 693.017e-3 0.707 2.086 -7 -159.95e-9 -7 -266.454e-12
1.5 789.646e-3 0.7104 2.494 -7.5 -142.066e-3 -7.3579 -27.059e-3
2 1.277 0.723 4.566 -8 -604.504e-3 -7.3955 -1.707
2.5 1.769 0.731 6.663 -8.5 -1.089 -7.411 -3.758
3 2.262 1.262 8.771 -9 -1.579 -7.421 -5.848
-9.5 -2.072 -7.428 -7.952
-10 -2.567 -7.433 -10.065
Table 1.1 Table 1.2

Figure 1.1
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
 Figure 1.4

Current(ID) vs Voltage(VD)

Table 1.3 Table for positive voltage source (x-axis for current and y axis for voltage)

Activity 2: The Zener Diode Voltage Regulator

Table 5.1

Supply Voltage (Vs) volts Zener Voltage, VZ, volts Load Current (IL) millliamps

12 7.45V 40.5mA
 14 7.45V 60.3mA

16 7.45V 80.1mA

18 7.50V 100mA

20 7.50V 120mA

Table 5.2

Supply Voltage (Vs) volts Zener Voltage, VZ, volts Load Current (IL) milliamps

14 7.52V 14.8mA

15 7.52V 24.7mA

16 7.52V 34.8mA

17 7.52V 44.8mA

18 7.52V 54.7mA

19 7.52V 64.8mA

20 7.52V 74.8mA

Activity 3: DC Power supply with IC regulator circuit

 Table 5.3

AC supply voltage Filtered DC voltage Drop out voltage Output voltage (V)
(Vs) volts(rms) (VFil) (VDR,V)

5 5.36V 1.49V 3.87V

6 6.49V 1.576V 4.91V

7 7.87V 2.871V 5.00V

8 9.27V 4.268V 5.00V

9 10.6V 5.667V 5.00V

10 12.0V 7.065V 5.00V

11 13.5V 8.467V 5.00V

12 14.9V 9.87V 5.00V

Table 5.4

AC supply voltage Filtered DC voltage Drop out voltage Output voltage (V)
(Vs) volts (VFil) (VDR,V)

12 14.0V 2.17V 11.8V

13 15.3V 3.562V 11.8V

14 16.7V 4.957V 11.8V

15 18.2V 6.403V 11.8V

16 19.6V 7.823V 11.8V

17 21.0V 9.211V 11.8V

18 22.4V 10.604V 11.8V

8. Discussion of Results:

From the activity, the group gathered the data obtaining voltage of the resistor (V R), current of the diode (ID) and the diode
voltage (VD) using the given data from the experiment which is the voltage source (V S) and a resistance of 1kohms. To get the
value of diode voltage, the group use the formula V D=VS-VR. In observing the data gathered, the group observed that when the
voltage source goes up, the voltage from the resistor and the voltage and current across the diode also goes up. When the
voltage source becomes negative, the voltage of the resistor and the voltage and current of the diode goes also to negative. Also,
we can see in the graph that when the voltage across the diode is low, the current is almost constant.

9. Conclusion:

In this experiment, we learned that zener diodes are special diodes designed to maintain fixed voltages across the load
while a DC power supply provides constant DC voltage to a load, which can be modeled as a resistor. Therefore, we concluded
that this laboratory experiment was effective in demonstrating the AC to DC rectification capabilities produced by using a bridge
rectifier and the power of diodes in restricting current in one direction.

10. Assessment Task:

1.Define the main difference between a rectifier diode and a Zener diode? What is their difference in circuit applications?

Rectifier diodes are used mainly for only allowing current and voltage to flow in one direction while Zener diodes
conduct in reverse and can recover. Zener diodes’ voltage specification is its breakdown voltage which is the voltage
that the Zener will pass.

2.What is the effect of applying negative voltage onto the Zener diode?

Applying negative voltage onto a Zener diode will make the diode undergo reverse breakdown and begin to
conduct a significant amount of current, but backwards from the normal direction of the diode current flow.

3. What is the important role of a regulator in a circuit? Why is it needed?

A regulator is needed to keep voltages within the prescribed range that can be tolerated by the electrical equipment.