Airline Maintenance & Engineering Training Limited

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ATA 26 FIRE PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
26-10 LOWER CARGO SMOKE DET. SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
LOWER CARGO SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM . . . . . . 2
CONTROL COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
CARGO SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM OPERATION . 8
26-20 LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM . . . . . . . 12
LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYSTEM . . . . . . . . 12
LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYS.
COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYSTEM
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

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TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Lower Cargo Smoke Detection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Figure 2 Lower Cargo Smoke Detection Control Components . . . 5
Figure 3 Smoke Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 4 Fwd Cargo Smoke Detection Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 5 Aft Cargo Smoke Detection Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 6 Lower Cargo Fire Suppression System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 7 Lower Cargo Fire Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 8 Lower Cargo Fire Supp. Sys. Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

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26-10 LOWER CARGO SMOKE DET.

SYSTEM
LOWER CARGO SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM
General
The Lower Cargo Compartment Detection System is designed to detect and
provide aural and visual annunciation to the flight crew of a smoke and / or fire
condition in either the Forward or Aft Cargo Compartment.
The system is a dual loop, triple redundant design comprised of:
S one Control Panel
S one Detector Fault Panel
S ten Smoke Detectors

Control Panel
The control panel is installed on the P8 center aisle stand in the cockpit, just aft
of the existing Engine and APU Fire Control Module.
The control panel is divided into two sections for the Forward and Aft Cargo
Compartments. Each cargo compartment section is divided into 2 loops
(A and B).
Smoke Detectors
The Forward Cargo Compartment is equipped with four detectors, operating in
2 loops (A and B).
The Aft Cargo Compartment is equipped with six detectors, opertating in
2 loops (A and B).
Detector Fault Panel
For Training Purposes Only

The Detector Fault Panel is located in the E & E Compartment, on the E1-3
shelf. It contains a test switch and an LED fault indicator for each smoke detec-
tor.

Aural Warn Devices Box

The Aural Warn Devices Box contains the Fire Warning Bell.

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AFT FIRE MASTER

CARGO WARN CAUTION

COMPARTMENT
FLT CONT ELEC
FORWARD
IRS APU
CARGO
FUEL OVHT/DET
COMPARTMENT
SMOKE
DETECTORS MASTER CAUTION
LIGHTS AND SIX PACK
ANNUNCIATOR (P7)

SMOKE
DETECTORS

A B A B CARGO DETECTION
DET SUPPRESSION

FAIL PUSH TO DISCHARGE

For Training Purposes Only

FIRE FWD AFT

AUTO DSCH DSCH
PIT PIT
ARMED ARMED
BELL 1 ST BTL 2ND BTL
AURAL WARN
ARM
ARMED
DEVICES BOX
TEST PULL TO TURN CUTOUT ARMED

DETECTOR FAULT PANEL (E1-3) CARGO FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION CONTROL PANEL (P8)

Figure 1 Lower Cargo Smoke Detection System

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CONTROL COMPONENTS
Control Panel
1 LOOP DET LED (amber) 8 FIRE LED (red)
S ON - One or more detector(s) in the respective loop detected smoke. S ON - Cargo Fire Warning is sensed by the detectors. Fire Suppression Sys-
tem will arm automatically.
2 BOTTLE DISCHARGE SWITCH (amber)
9 LOOP FAIL LED (amber)
S Press (after lifting the guard) - Respective bottle is discharged.
S ON - The respective bottle pressure is below threshold level. S ON - A detector in the respective loop has failed.
- NOTE: In order to find out which detector in the loop has failed, the fail
3 BOTTLE ARMED LEDS (green) lights on Detector Fault Panel can be used. The respective fail light(s)
will illuminate.
S ON - Bottle squib is armed.

4 BELL CUTOUT BUTTON Detector Fault Panel

S Press - Fire Alarm Bell silences and Master Fire Warn Lights extinguish.
5 ARM SELECTOR
S AUTO - Normal position. In case of cargo fire warning, bottle and respective
diverter valve squib are armed automatically.
S FWD PIT/AFT PIT - Used to arm system and select cargo compartment
manually.
As with the control panel, the detector is divided into two sections, one for each
cargo compartment. Each LED indicator is labeled as to which detector it rep-
resents to allow for quick determination of the faulty detector.
The Detector Fault Panel is equipped with a TEST switch to ensure all detector
LEDs are operational.

6 TEST SWITCH
S Press - Both, the Detection and Fire Suppression System are tested. All
lamps on the panel (with exception of the DISCH switch lights), and the
For Training Purposes Only

MASTER CAUTION, OVHT/DET, and FIRE WARNING lamps on the glare

shield will illuminate, and the warning bell will sound.
- NOTE: Hold switch for at least 3 sec. for a valid test.

7 PIT ARMED LED (green)

S ON - FWD or AFT compartment (as indicated) armed either automatically or
by the ARM Selector.

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2
9 1

A B A B CARGO DETECTION
SUPPRESSION
DET
FAIL PUSH TO DISCHARGE

8 FIRE FWD AUTO AFT DSCH DSCH

PIT PIT
ARMED ARMED
7 1 ST BTL 2ND BTL
BELL
ARM
TEST PULL TO TURN CUTOUT ARMED ARMED

6 5 4 3
For Training Purposes Only

SMOKE DETECTION / SUPPRESSION CONTROL PANEL

DETECTOR FAULT PANEL

Figure 2 Lower Cargo Smoke Detection Control Components

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Smoke Detectors
The smoke detetcors are self contained, microprocessor controlled, continuosly
monitored, ambient type detectors. They require no forced airflow over the
sensing element.
The Forward Cargo Compartment is equipped with four detectors, operating in
2 loops. The four detetctors are installed in two enclosures. Each enclosure
contains an A loop and B loop detector.
The Aft Cargo Compartment is equipped with six detectors, opertating in
2 loops. The six detetctors are installed in three enclosures. Each enclosure
contains an A loop and B loop detector.
Each detector operates independently of the others and provides the control
panel with signals for smoke condition and fault status. In addition, because
each detector is independent of the others, they can be replaced individually.
Each enclosure assembly features guard bars to protect the detectors from
cargo and baggage.
For Training Purposes Only

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DETECTOR
ENCLOSURE

AFT
CARGO
COMPARTMENT

FORWARD
CARGO
COMPARTMENT
SMOKE
DETECTORS

WIRE
HARNESS
SMOKE
DETECTORS
FWD

SMOKE DETECTOR
2 PL. (A - B LOOP) EACH ENCLOSURE

PROTECTION BARS
For Training Purposes Only

Figure 3 Smoke Detectors

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Lufthansa Technica Airline Maintenance & Engineering Training Limited
CARGO SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM OPERATION
System Operation
In normal operating mode, the Smoke Detection System is completely trans-
parent to the flight crew. The control panel is divided into two sections for the
Forward and Aft Cargo Compartments. Each cargo compartment section is
monitored independently of each other, and is divided into 2 loops (A and B).
The system is powered from the 28 VDC Hot Battery Bus. There are three
5 amp circuit breakers. They are located on the P18-2 panel:
S CARGO SMOKE DETECTORS LOOP A
S CARGO SMOKE DETECTORS LOOP B
S CARGO SMOKE CONTROL & FAULT PANELS
An advisory is initiated if one or more detectors of one loop in the same cargo
compartment (forward or aft) sends an alert signal to the control panel.
An advisory condition will result in the following:
S The DET LED(s) representing the alarming detector loop(s) will illuminate
on the control panel.
S The Master Caution lights will illuminate.
S The OVHT/DET Six Pack annunciator will illuminate.
As long as an advisory condition exists, all visual annunciations on the control
panel will remain illuminated. If an advisory is initiated for both cargo compart-
ment, the annunciations listed above will occur for each compartment. When
advisory condition is no longer present, all annunciations will extinguish, and
the system will automatically reset itself to normal mode of operation.
A warning is initiated if any two detectors, one from each loop of the same
cargo compartment, sends an alert signal to the control panel.
For Training Purposes Only
A warning condition will result in the following:
S The DET LEDs representing the alarming detector loop(s) will illuminate on
the control panel.
S The red FIRE light on the control panel will illuminate.
S The Master Caution lights will illuminate.
S The OVHT/DET Six Pack annunciator will illuminate.
S The Fire Warn lights will illuminate on the glareshield.
S The aural fire warning bell will sound.
01-04-2010 For Training Purposes ONLY
The warning horn may be silenced by momentarily depressing the BELL CUT-
OUT switch on the control panel, the Engine and APU Fire Control Panel, or
the FIRE Warning lights on the Captains or First Officers glareshield.
As with an advisory condition, as long as a warning condition exists, all visual
annunciations on the control panel will remain illuminated. When the fire warn-
ing condition is no longer present, all annunciations will extinguish, and the sys-
tem will automatically reset itself to normal mode of operation.
Smoke Detector Fault
If a fault is detected by one of the smoke detetctors, it will send the following
signal to the control panel:
S The FAIL LEDs representing the faulty detector loop(s) will illuminate on the
control panel.
S The Master Caution lights will illuminate.
S The OVHT/DET Six Pack annunciator will illuminate.
NOTE: With one detector failed in a loop, the system will automatically operate
in single loop mode for the affected pair of detectors in that enclosure. The
other detector enclosure(s) lacated in that comartment will still operate in dual
loop mode. In single loop mode, an alert from the operable detector in that en-
closure will initiate warning condition for that compartment.
System Test
When the TEST switch is depressed on the control panel, all lamps on the
panel (with exception of the DISCH switch lights), and the MASTER CAUTION,
OVHT/DET, and FIRE WARNING lamps on the glare shield will illuminate, and
the warning bell will sound. When the TEST switch is released, all annunci-
ations will extinguish.
NOTE: Hold switch for at least 3 sec. for a valid test.
If a loop has been disabled it loop will not illuminate when the TEST switch is
depressed. Each individual detetctor is continuosly performing a self test when-
ever power is applied to the system, using its Built-In-Test capability (regard-
less of the TEST switch position). A fault indication can therefore be initiated at
any time while the smoke detetcion system is operating.
Page 9
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FWD FAULT
DET. TEST B2
CONTROL PANEL
P8

DETECTOR FAULT PANEL

E1-3
For Training Purposes Only

Editor:
Mr. George LHT FRA WA42
EO-I 116034
Revisioned by:
Udo Roth LTT FRA US/E
FORWARD CARGO SMOKE DETECTION

Figure 4 Fwd Cargo Smoke Detection Schematic

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DET. TEST

CONTROL PANEL
P8

DETECTOR FAULT PANEL

E1-3

P18-2

P18-2
For Training Purposes Only

Editor:

Mr. George LHT FRA WA42

EO-I 116034
Revisioned by:
AFT CARGO SMOKE DETECTION Udo Roth LTT FRA US/E

Figure 5 Aft Cargo Smoke Detection Schematic

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26-20 LOWER CARGO FIRE

SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYSTEM
General
The Cargo Compartment Fire Suppression System features Halon 1301. Its
suppression ability is based on the theory of breaking the chain of reaction for a
fire, by preventing the fuel source(s) and oxygen from combining in the pres-
ence of heat.
The system operates in conjunction with the Cargo Compartment Smoke
Detection System.
The system is capable of suppressing a fire in either the Forward or Aft Cargo
Compartment for at least 60 minutes from initial activation.
NOTE: Although in some instances it may extinguish a fire, it is important to
note the system design is only intended to suppress the spread of fire long
enough to allow the aircraft to safely land and evacuate.
The suppression system is compromised of:
S a Control Panel (the same panel for the detection system)
S two Extinguishing Bottles
S a Diverter Valve
S a Metering Valve
S Delivery Lines and Nozzles.
The first bottle (Ext. Bottle #1) is a high rate bottle. The second bottle
(Ext. Bottle #2) discharge is metered, as to regulate the flow of Halon into the
selected cargo compartment. This metering maintains sufficient Halon con-
For Training Purposes Only

centration in the affected compartment to suppress the fire.

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A B A B CARGO DETECTION
AFT
CARGO DET SUPPRESSION

AIR COND.COMPARTMENT PUSH TO DISCHARGE

FAIL
MIX BAY
COMPARTMENT
FIRE FWD AFT
AUTO DSCH DSCH
PIT PIT
FORWARD
ARMED ARMED
CARGO
BELL 1 ST BTL 2ND BTL
COMPARTMENT
ARM
DISCHARGE TEST PULL TO TURN CUTOUT ARMED ARMED
NOZZLE (5 Pl.)
CARGO FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION CONTROL PANEL (P8)

DSCHARGE
NOZZLE (3 Pl.) NOZZLE
METERING ENCLOSURE
VALVE
DIVERTER EXT. EXT.
VALVE BOTTLE #1 BOTTLE #2 PLATE
For Training Purposes Only

NOZZLE

SMOKE DETECTOR ENCLOSURE NOZZLE FIREX NOZZLE PLATE

2 PL. FWD CARGO COMP. 1 PL. FWD CARGO COMP.
CARGO FIRE SUPPRESSION RACK
3 PL. AFT CARGO COMP. 2 PL. AFT CARGO COMP.
Figure 6 Lower Cargo Fire Suppression System

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LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYS. COMPONENTS

Extinguishing Bottles
Two identical extinguishing bottles are incorporated into the suppression sys-
tem. They are located in the Air Conditioning Mixing Bay (aft of the Forward
Cargo Compartment). Each bottle has a 536 cubic inch capacity with a nominal
operating pressure of 360 PSI, and a weight of 38,45 pounds (20 pounds of
suppressant).
Each bottle is comprised of:
S the Extinguishing Agent
S a Low Pressure Warning Switch
S a Firing Squib
S a combination Fill Port / Pressure Release Valve
The firing squib is an explosive device which, when activated, ruptures a disc in
the base of the bottle, allowing the suppressant to escape into the supply lines.
It is electrically activated from the Control Panel in the cockpit.
Diverter Valve
The Diverter Valve is installed on the rack assembly, downstream of the extin-
guishing bottles. The valve has one inlet, and two outlets. Each outlet contains
a squib to allow suppression agent to enter one cargo comparment only.
As with the extinguishing bottles, the firing squib is an explosive device which,
when activated, ruptures a disc. This allows the suppresant to escape to the
respective cargo compartment nozzles downstream.
Supply Lines and Nozzles
The supply lines to each cargo compartment are different in diameter size at
the rack assembly as to prevent cross connecting of the extinguisher supply
lines.
The suppression system utilizes two different types of suppression nozzles in
each cargo compartment.
S The first type is mounted in the detector enclosures, and directs suppres-
sant to the center and lower portions of the compartment. The Forward
Cargo Compartment has two, and the Aft Cargo Compartment has three of
these types of nozzles.
S The second type is flush mounted to the cargo compartment ceiling, and
directs suppressant horizontally, providing a higher concentration in the up-
per portion of the compartment. The Forward Cargo Compartment has one,
and the Aft Cargo Compartment has two of these types of nozzles.
In-Line Filters
In-Line Filters (mesh screen types) are installed in the supply lines to prevent
clogging metering orifices and valve ports by ruptured disc particles.
Note: The In-Line Filters must be checked after an activation of the extinguish-
ing system.

Metering Valve
The purpose of the Metering Valve is to regulate the flow of suppressant from
the Extinguishing Bottle No. 2 to the cargo compartment. The Metering Valve is
For Training Purposes Only

temperature compensated to allow the proper suppressant flow under a wide

range of temperature conditions.

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METERING VALVE
AIR COND.
MIX BAY PRESSURE
COMPARTMENT SWITCH
EXTINGUISHER EXTINGUISHER
BOTTLE #1 BOTTLE #2

CARGO FIRE
SUPPRESSION
RACK

AFT PIT FWD PIT

OUTLET OUTLET

SQUIB
TUBE
IN-LINE FILTERS

SQUIB SQUIB CARGO FIRE SUPPRESSION RACK

For Training Purposes Only

INLET
DIVERTER VALVE ASSEMBLY

Figure 7 Lower Cargo Fire Components

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LOWER CARGO FIRE SUPPRESS. SYSTEM OPERATION

System Operation
Under normal aircraft operating conditions, the Fire Suppression System is dor-
mant. If a fire warning is initiated from the Smoke Detection System, and the
control panel selector switch is in AUTO position, the suppression system is
automatically armed. This arming is indicated by the illumination of green 1ST
BTL and 2ND BTL squib lights. In addition, one green cargo bay squib light
(FWD PIT or AFT PIT) will illuminate indicating to which cargo compartment
the fire extinguishant will be directed.
The bottles are then fired by lifting the guard away from the 1ST BTL Dis-
charge Switch and momentarily depressing the DSCH lamp/switch.
8. When the Extinguishing Bottle No. 2 is activated, the 2ND BTL squib LED
will extinguish and the suppressant will flow to the same compartment as
that of the Extinguishing Bottle No. 1, but through the Metering Valve.
9. When the 2ND BTL pressure drops to the low pressure switch
threshold level, the 2ND BTL DSCH lamp will illuminate. The time required
for the lamp to illuminate will depend on the ambient temperature at the
Metering Valve. Typically, this will be between 30 to 40 minutes after
activation.

Once the suppression system is activated, the following will occur:

1. The Extinguishing Bottle No. 1 (1ST BTL) squib will fire.
2. The 1ST BTL squib LED will extinguish.
NOTE: Once a squib has fired, the corresponding LED on the Control Panel
will extinguish, indicating the squib has fired.
System Test
When the TEST switch is depressed on the control panel, all lamps on the
panel (with exception of the DISCH switch lights), and the MASTER CAUTION,
OVHT/DET, and FIRE WARNING lamps on the glare shield will illuminate, and
the warning bell will sound. When the TEST switch is released, all annunci-
ations will extinguish.
NOTE: Hold switch for at least 3 sec. for a valid test.

3. The FWD or AFT (as appropriate) Diverter Valve Squib will fire.

4. The FWD or AFT (as appropriate) compartment squib LED (FWD PIT or
AFT PIT) will extinguish.
For Training Purposes Only

5. The fire suppressant will escape into the appropriate cargo compartment via
nozzles.

6. The 1ST BTL DSCH lamp will illuminate once the bottle pressure drops to
the low pressure switch threshold level.

7. After 15 minutes, the Extinguishing Bottle No. 2 is fired by the Flight Crew
(as per the checklist procedure) by lifting the guard away from the 2ND BTL
Discharge Switch, and momentarily depressing the DSCH lamp/switch.

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A B A B CARGO DETECTION
DET SUPPRESSION

FAIL PUSH TO DISCHARGE

FIRE FWD AFT

TO AFT TO FWD AUTO DSCH DSCH
PIT PIT
CARGO COMPARTMENT CARGO COMPARTMENT ARMED ARMED
NOZZLES NOZZLES BELL 1 ST BTL 2ND BTL

ARM
TEST PULL TO TURN CUTOUT ARMED ARMED

CONTROL PANEL P8

SQUIB SQUIB
DIVERTER
VALVE

METERING
VALVE

SQUIB SQUIB
For Training Purposes Only

PRESS. PRESS.

PRESSURE SW PRESSURE SW
EXT. BOTTLE 1 EXT. BOTTLE 2

Figure 8 Lower Cargo Fire Supp. Sys. Schematic

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