EC-332 Computer Communication Networks

BS(CE)-2k19
LAB REPORT #04

Submitted By:
Reg. No. 19-CE-042
Name: Waqar Ahmed khan
Department of Computer Engineering
HITEC University Taxila
Presentation
(Format(0.5)+ Total
Title (0.5)+ Calculation Observation/
Conclusion(1) /Coding Program Results
+Theory(2)+
Objective(1))
Total 5 5 5 15
Obtained

___________________________
Lab Instructor.

Kaynat Rana
 Experiment: 04
Title: Building Simple Network Topologies
Objective
The objective of this lab is to learn about the different network topologies by using Cisco Packet
Tracer.

Software Used
 Cisco Packet Tracer

Theory
Network Topology

Organization geography is the schematic portrayal of the course of action of the physical and
sensible components of a correspondence organization. Organization geography alludes to the
manner in which the connections and hubs of an organization are masterminded to identify with
one another. Geographies are sorted as either actual organization geography, which is the actual
sign transmission medium, or consistent organization geography, which alludes to the way where
information goes through the organization between gadgets, free of actual association of the
gadgets. Consistent organization geography models incorporate wound pair Ethernet, which is
classified as a sensible transport geography, and token ring, which is sorted as coherent ring
geography.

Actual organization geography models incorporate star, network, tree, ring, highlight point,
round, half and half, and transport geography organizations, each comprising of various
arrangements of hubs and connections. The ideal organization geography relies upon every
business' size, scale, objectives, and financial plan. An organization geography outline imagines
the conveying gadgets, which are demonstrated as hubs, and the associations between the
gadgets, which are displayed as connections between the hubs.

Types of Network Topology

There are several different logical and physical network topologies from which administrators
can choose to build a secure, robust, and easily maintainable topology. The most popular
configurations include:

1. Bus network topology

Also known as backbone network topology, this configuration connects all devices to a main
cable via drop lines. The advantages of bus network topology lie in its simplicity, as there is
less cable required than in alternative topologies, which makes for easy installation.
2. Mesh network topology

A dedicated point-to-point link connects each device on the network to another device on the
network, only carrying data between two devices.

3. Ring network topology

Two dedicated point-to-point links connect a device to the two devices located on either side of
it, creating a ring of devices through which data is forwarded via repeaters until it reaches the
target device.

4. Star network topology

The most common network topology, star topology connects each device in the network to a
central hub. Devices can only communicate with each other indirectly through the central hub.

5. Hybrid network topology

Any combination of two or more topologies is a hybrid topology.

6. Tree network topology

This topology consists of a parent-child hierarchy in which star networks are interconnected
via bus networks. Nodes branch out linearly from one root node, and two connected nodes
only share one mutual connection

Lab Tasks
1. Practice all the Topologies on Packet Tracer.

Bus Topology

Ring Topology
 Star Topology

Mesh Topology
 Hybrid Topology

2. Simulate a network
which contain 8
PC’s connect all
PC’s using Hybrid
topology. Assign IP’s to every PC from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.8.
Conclusion
In this lab we learned about the different network topologies i.e. bus topology, star topology,
mesh topology, ring topology, and hybrid topology.