Lab Rubrics

Assessment Criteria for Lab

Outcomes Assessment:

Assessment PROFICIENT SATISFACTORY SUBSTANDARD UNSATISFACTORY Marks

Parameters (3) (2) (1) (0) obtained

Shows excellent Shows good Shows little

understanding of understanding of understanding of
Shows no
experiment and exhibit experiment experiment and exhibit
Knowledge and understanding and
self-reliance in And exhibit self- limited self-reliance in
Problem analysis cannot complete the
analyzing and solving reliance in analyzing analyzing and solving
experiment / task.
problems without and solving problems problems with
guidance with minimal guidance guidance

Operate / handle and

Operate / handle and
Operation / select the equipment / select the equipment / Operate / handle and Not able to operate /
Handling and device / engineering device / engineering select the equipment / handle and select the
selection of software’s software’s with device / engineering equipment / device /
Engineering professionally. minimal help. software’s with engineering software’s
Device / software. guidance. by their own.

Appropriately Inappropriately
Efficiently recorded
recorded some recorded Cannot record
all observations
observations with observations with observations with
Organization including
units/graph/truth units/graph/truth units/graph/truth
& content. units/graph/truth
table etc. less table etc. non- table etc. coherently
table etc. coherently.
coherently. coherently.
Satisfactorily
Well-presented
presented results Inefficiently
results and Not presented results
and conclusion in a presented results
Result & conclusion and conclusion
less coherent and conclusion in a
conclusion. incoherent manner incoherent manner
manner with non-coherent
with proper syntax
syntax manner
Marks (out of 12)
Final lab marks (out of __ )

Shows excellent Shows moderate Shows minimal

Participation Shows no participation.
participation. participation. participation.

Time Shows excellent time Shows moderate time Shows minimal time Shows, no time
Management management. management. management. management

Marks (out of 6)
Final lab marks (out of __ )

Lab Instructor signature: ____________________

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis
3 LAB EXPERIMENT

OBJECT:
Plot the graph of unit step function expression in MATLAB, and also get familiar with the
Heaviside command.

LEARNING OUTCOME:
In this lab, students will be able to understand:
 Plot unit step function.
 Use the Heaviside command for unit step signal.

UNIT STEP FUNCTION:

The unit step function u(t ) is given by

{
u ( t )= t<0 :0 ,
t ≥ 0:1

The function u(t ) is not defined at t=0. Often we will not worry about the value of a function at
a point where it is discontinuous, since often it doesn’t matter.

Figure 1: Unit step function.

The function u(t ) turns on at t=0. Thus function u(t−a) is just u(t ) shifted, or dragged, so that
it turns on at t=a .
The function 1−u (t−b) turns off at t=b .
The function u ( t−a ) −u ( t−b ) , with a< b, turns on at t=a and turns off at t =b .

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

UNIT STEP EXPRESSION:

{
u ( t )= t<0 :0 ,
t ≥ 0:1

SOURCE CODE:
t=(-2:0.01:7)';
z=(t>=0);
plot(t,z)
title('unit step response')
axis([-2.2 8 -0.2 1.2])

GRAPH:
unit step response
1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 1: Unit step function.

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

EXPRESSION:
z=u ( t −2 )−u ( t−4 ) +u ( t−5 ) −u(t−6)
Whereas:
t = (-2:0.01:7)’;

SOURCE CODE:
t=(-2:0.01:7)';
z=(t>=2&t<4)|(t>=5&t<6);
plot(t,z)
title('unit step response')
axis([-2.2 8 -0.2 1.2])

GRAPH:
unit step response
1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 2: Unit step function.

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

TASK 1:
Plot the graph of unit step function expression.

EXPRESSION:
z=u ( t+ 1 )−u ( t−3 ) +u ( t−5 )−u (t−6)

Whereas:
t = (-2:0.01:7)’;

SOURCE CODE:

GRAPH:

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

 1. TASK 2:
Write the expression of given unit step function plot.

1.1. GRAPH:
unit step response
1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 4: Unit step function

Whereas:
t = (-2:0.01:7)’;

EXPRESSION:

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

OBJECT:
Plot the graph of unit step function expression using Heaviside command in MATLAB.

UNIT STEP FUNCTION:

The unit step function u(t ) is given by

{
u ( t )= t<0 :0 ,
t ≥ 0:1

The function u(t ) is not defined at t=0. Often we will not worry about the value of a function at
a point where it is discontinuous, since often it doesn’t matter.

EXPRESSION:
z=−2−2u ( t−1 ) +7 u ( t−2 )−4 u ( t−3 ) +u(t−5)

SOURCE CODE:
m=-10:0.0005:10;
v=0;
sympref('HeavisideAtOrigin', v);
y=-2-2*heaviside(m-1)+7*heaviside(m-2)-4*heaviside(m-3)+heaviside(m-5);
plot(m,y)
axis([-10 10 -5 6])

GRAPH:
6

1 X: 5.046
Y: 0
0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Figure 5: Unit step function.

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis

TASK 1:
Write the expression of given unit step function plot.

GRAPH:

-1

-2

-3

-4

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Figure 6: Unit step function.

SOURCE CODE:

EXPRESSION:

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

Salim Habib University – Biomedical Engineering Department Circuit Analysis