Badminton is a sport played using rackets/racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.

The most common

forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per side).

Outdoor Badminton

Indoor Badminton

How to score a point in badminton?

•Striking the shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing half of the court.

•The shuttlecock goes outside.

•Cannot be returned by the opponent

•Violation is committed.

The Origins and Development of Badminton

The Origins and Development

A very long history for one of the Olympics newest sports!

The origins of the game of badminton date back at least 2,000 years to the game of battledore and
shuttlecock played in ancient Greece, China, and India.

Invented in India in a version of the game called Poona. (Poona was played by British army officers
stationed in India in the 1860s).

Badminton took its name from Badminton House in Gloucestershire, the ancestral home of the Duke of
Beaufort, where the sport was played in the last century. Gloucestershire is now the base for the
International Badminton Federation.

1934

The IBF (International Badminton Federation) was formed with nine members such as Canada, Denmark,
France, Netherlands, England, New Zealand, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.

1938

The United States joined and membership increased steadily over the next few years with a surge in new
members after the Olympic Games debut at Barcelona.

1948

The first big IBF tournament was the Thomas Cup (men’s world team championships).
1972

Badminton was included in Munich Olympics as a demonstration sport.

1992

Badminton became a became a full-medal Olympic sport at Barcelona, Spain, with competition for
men’s and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two)

1996

Mixed doubles game were introduced.

The Background:

The court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock.

Historically, the shuttlecock (known as a “bird” or “birdie”) was a small cork hemisphere with 16 goose-
feathers attached and weighing about 0.17 ounce (5 grams).

These types of shuttles may still be used in modern play, but shuttles made from synthetic materials

FACILITY AND EQUIPMENTS OF BADMINTON

UNIT 2

What is facility and what is equipment?

Facility - Is the area or venue of a specific event

Equipments -Are tangible items or things need for a specific activity

BADMINTON COURT

A.Net E. Left Service Court

B.Side line for Singles F. Right Service Court

C.Side line for Doubles G. Long Service Line for Singles

D.Short Service line H. Long Service Line for Doubles

The net is 1.55 metres (5 ft 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524 metres (5 ft) high in the centre. The net
posts are placed over the doubles sidelines, even when singles is played.

THE POST

Posts are 1.55m high from the surface of the court and remain vertical when the net is strained.

The posts are placed on the double side lines irrespective of whether singles or doubles is played.

The posts or supports must not extend into the court beyond the side lines.

THE SHUTTLECOCK

Shuttlecock weight is around 4.75 to 5.50 g (0.168 to 0.194 oz).

It has 16 feathers with each feather 62 to 70 mm (2.4 to 2.8 in) in length, and the diameter of the cork is
25 to 28 mm (0.98 to 1.10 in).

The diameter of the circle that the feathers make is around 58 to 68 mm (2.3 to 2.7 in).

THE RACKET

Frame

The frame is the body of the racket. It is consisting of the stringed area, shaft, throat, and the head of
the racket.

Frames come in various shapes and sizes, some have larger sweet spots, and some can be more or less
rigid based on the construction of the materials.

Head

The head of the badminton racket is the piece of material that holds the strings in position. It can have a
rounded or oval shape and has holes on the perimeter where the strings are laced together.

Stringed Area

The stringed area consists of carbon fiber or nylon string that’s interwoven. This allows the strings to
make the face of the racket.
Throat

The throat connects the head to the shaft of the racket. It might be a separate triangular piece that’s at
the base of the head, or might be integrated into the racket’s head itself.

Shaft

The shaft is located in the center of the badminton racket. They usually come in two types the Flexible
or Rigid.

Handle

The handle connects to the shaft and is used to hold the racket. The handle is covered with a material
called the grip. There are two types of grips: towel grips are good for absorbing moisture, but may need
to be changed frequently; synthetic grips are less absorbent but more durable.

THE GAME

How to play Badminton?

Badminton begins with a coin toss.

The team to correctly call heads or tails gets to choose to serve first or to allow the other team to serve
first.

The player to serve always does so from the service area, regardless if it is a singles or a doubles match,
and must land the birdie inside the service court opposite of where he or she is standing.

If the score is odd, such as on the very first serve of the game, then the server stands in his or her left
service court and serves into their opponents left service court, directly opposite.

If the score is even, it becomes the right service courts.

Both the server and the receiver must stay inside their service courts until the birdie is served.

In doubles, the server changes service courts, but the receiving team does not, so that the server is
serving to a different player each time.

With each new game, the teams switch sides, and the winner of the last game serves first. In the third
game, the teams switch sides at the beginning, and then again when the team in the lead reaches 11
points.
Scoring

A point is scored when the birdie hits the floor on the opponent’s side, regardless of who is serving.

The first team to reach 21 points wins the game. However, the winning team must win by two points.

In the case of a tie (20 points each), the first team to lead by two points is the winner.

The first team to reach 30 points is the winner, no matter what the other team has scored.

The first team to win two out of three games wins the match. (Single A –Doubles – Single B)

BASIC SKILLS OF BADMINTON

Like most sports, badminton requires every player to get excellent at some basic skills before they can
truly shine at the sport. Here are the seven (7) basic skills you absolutely need to master to be a
competent badminton player – then on your approach to being an expert.

1.Grip

2.Stance

3.Footwork

4.Serve

1.Smash

2.Drop Shot

3.Clear or Lob

1. GRIP

The right grip in holding the racket is really important to achieve control on shots while avoiding the
chances of a wrist injury. A proper grip will allow you to play both backhand and forehand strokes
effortlessly.

Holding a racket is similar to a friendly handshake. Just the thumb will be comfortably placed against
the wider surface of the handle grip. The rest of the hand will imitate a handshake. Remember to keep
the handshake friendly, avoiding tight grip. It will hinder the flexibility in motion and also might lead to
wrist injuries in the long term.
Backhand and forehand Grip

The only difference while playing the 2 kinds of strokes is in the use of fingers.

- Push the index finger forward while playing forehand strokes.

- Push the thumb forward while playing backhand strokes.

BACKHAND

FOREHAND

2. STANCE

The stance is how you stand while playing badminton, both in between a rally and before the serve. A
stable and correct stance will bring a huge change in the results due to easier movement.

3 TYPES OF STANCE

ATTACKING STANCE

DEFENSIVE STANCE

NET STANCE

Attacking Stance

It is used to get into position before playing an overhead forehand stroke. To stand in the attacking
stance turn your body facing the sidelines with racket leg behind and both legs shoulder-width apart.
Now raise both racket and non-racket arm to generate the power to attack the shuttle on its downward
trajectory.

Defensive Stance

to defend the opponent’s smash, you need to be prepared with the defensive stance. Face the body to
the net and place your racket in front at waist height, slightly pointing forward. You can keep the non-
racket arm as comfortable while ensuring a better balance.
Net Stance

this stance is to be ready for the opponent’s return after playing a net shot. To play this shot, place
your foot on the racket side forward while keeping non- racket foot at the back. Place the racket in
front of the body, slightly above waist height while raising the non-racket arm.

Shift the body weight slightly forward to be ready to pounce forward.

3. FOOTWORK

Badminton is played on a court with limited space, and the athletes have to take care of the same while
playing. Footwork plays a huge role in helping with an effective and organised movement on the court.
In fact, some coaches even raise footwork to prime importance over other skills.

TYPES OF FOOTWORK

1.V-Front Pattern

2.V-Back Pattern

3.Lateral Pattern

TIPS FOR PROPER FOOTWORKS

◦Always remember the base (starting point).

◦Move only 2-3 steps backwards.

◦Shuffle only 1 step sidewards.

◦Move only 2-3 steps front.

4. SERVE

Serve is among the most basic skill that you need to master in Badminton. Also, you should ensure to
make a legal service otherwise it might lead to penalty points.

➢High Serve

➢Low Serve
 High Serve

- aims at the back end corner of the opponent’s court. Ideally, a good high serve results in shuttle
dropping steeply downwards at the back end of the court. In fact, a high serve is presented to
opponents having ability to executing a strong smash. You can always expect a lob or a drop from your
opponent as a reply to a properly executed high serve.

Low Serve

- unlike high serve, the low serve aims to the front of the court. The objective is to let the shuttle fly
just above the net landing in the front corner of the court. In this case, your opponent has the
opportunity to dash forward and smash the shuttle to you if the execution is poor.

5. SMASH

Smash is the most potent and powerful stroke in badminton which naturally turns out to be the most
familiar term to all. The shot is basically to hit the shuttle powerfully towards the opponent’s body or
downward on the court. A perfectly executed smash has no defense.

➢Forehand smash

➢Backhand smash

➢Jumping smash

Forehand smash

- the forehand is an overhead smash which is similar to the action of throwing a ball.

You shouldn’t have a problem playing this stroke if you can throw a ball well.

Backhand smash

- this is one of the toughest strokes in badminton, and even experts face difficulty in playing the stroke.
Still, it is important to practice and get the technique to rise in the skill level. To execute this stroke,
getting the backhand grip is extremely important. Also, it is equally important to return back to stance.

Jumping smash

- a forehand smash with a timed jump added to it counts under jumping smash.
6. DROP SHOT

oBadminton drop Shots are delicate badminton shots that can win you points that aim at scoring points
in deception.

oPlayed with both backhand and forehand, these are used to move the opponent to the frontcourt.
This creates space in the midcourt and backcourt for you to exploit. There are slow and fast drop shots,
played judging the situation.

6. CLEAR/LOB

The lob shot in Badminton can be imagined as a shot with an inverted ‘U’ trajectory. It is normally
played from the forecourt with an aim to lift or ‘lob’ the shuttle over the opponent. The idea is to land
it as near to the baseline as it is, at an angle that is impossible to clear. This is similar to the drop in
challenging the opponent with sudden motion backwards this time. It can also be executed by both
backhand and forehand. This generally results in the creation of space in the front and midcourt,
opening plenty of opportunities.

THE BASIC RULES OF BADMINTON

UNIT 5

SCORING

●A point is scored when the bird hits the floor on the opponent’s side, regardless of who is serving.

●The first team to reach 21 points wins the game. However, the winning team must win by two points.

●In the case of a tie (20 points each), the first team to lead by two points is the winner.

●The first team to reach 30 points is the winner, no matter what the other team has scored.

●The first team to win two out of three games wins the match.
THE BASIC RULES OF BADMINTON

●No player is allowed to touch the net with their body or their racket at any time.

●The birdie should not hit the floor. The birdie should not come to rest on any player’s racket at any
time.

●The birdie should not land outside the boundary lines of the court.

●The birdie should not hit the ceiling.

●When serving, the birdie should be hit from below the waist in an underhand motion.

●The team receiving the serve should not touch the lines on the court before the server has hit the
birdie.

INTERVAL AND CHANGE OF ENDS

●When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.

●A 2-minute interval between each game is allowed.

●In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

SINGLES

●At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server serves from the
right service court. When the server’s score is odd, the server serves from the left service court.

●If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the alternate service
court.

●If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They serve from
the appropriate service court – left if their score is odd, and right if it is even.
DOUBLES

●A side has only one ‘set’.

●The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.

●At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the right service
court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.

●If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again from
the alternate service court.

●If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new
serving side.

®The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side is
serving