Historical Antecedents in the

course of Science and Technology

INTRODUCTION

What is Science?

Science is intertwined with our everyday lives. It affects us all, 24/7,

from the moment we wake up, all day long and through the night. Your
cellphone, laptop, earthquake report, the medicine that treat your fever,
be it in tablet form or syrup, have all been brought to you courtesy of
science. Today, the modern world would not be called "Modern" if it is
not for technology enabled by science.
As people's scientific knowledge increased, more
complicated machines became a reality. The impact of new
technology in our daily lives is to give less work and jobs
that can be done faster
OBJECTIVES
After studying this module, you should be able to:

� Define and identify the difference and interrelatedness of Science and Technology;
� Relate Science, Technology, and Society;

� Give examples of the latest developments in Science and Technology;

� Infer how Science and Technology can be utilized for the advantage of humanity.
 What is Science?

� Science is a systematized body of knowledge. It is an organized and dynamic

inquiry (following scientific method). It is knowledge gained through observation
and experimentation. Science is a human activity; scientists. It is a social
enterprise; people, knowledge, skills, facilities, apparatuses, and technologies.
Science leads to the formation of concepts, methods, principles, theories, law, and
procedures that seek to describe and explain nature and its phenomena.
The major branches of science include:

♦ Chemistry- the science of the chemical composition and the changes accompanied.
♦ Biology- the study of living things. It has three main branches:
1) Botany is the study of plants where most of the medicines that we have were
derived from these plants.
2) Zoology is the science of animals;
3) Microbiology is the science of microorganisms.
♦ Physics- is the science of energy and its transformation.

Some of the notable products of physics are jets and LASER.

 The Computer

� The computer has many uses, and one of those is to make our lives easier to deal
with. This module was aided with the help of a computer.
� A calculator is one of the blessings of a computer. Computers are many times
faster than calculators! One of the remarkable wonders of computers is that it can
be used in the field of medicine, like the use of ultrasound projection.
 Can you still recall what Technology is?
� Derived from the Greek word technologia, Technology means the "systematic
treatment of art."
� Technology as materials products; results of scientific inquiry; hardware produced
by a scientist
� Technology is applying knowledge in solving scientific and practical problems
that will help humans survive and improve their lives—technology as human
cultural activities or endeavors.
� Technology as a social enterprise – Technology is a complex system of
knowledge, skills, people, methods, tools, materials, and resources applied and
allocated to the development, operation, and production of a new or improved
product, process, or services—technology as modern technology based on the
advances of science since the end of WWII to the present.
What are the uses of technology? It is
enumerated as follows:

1) Technology helps in the discovery and production of medicine,

2) Technology helps to preserve food, and
3) Technology helps us to develop new sources of energy.
The laptop is one of the products of technology. Below are the products of
technology. Many lives have been saved, thanks to modern technology. Today, a
blocked artery’s blood flow can be restored through the process of angioplasty.
Science was the philosophy domain, while technology was the domain of tanners,
millers, and goldsmiths.

Now, let us proceed to what Science, Technology, and Society (STS) mean.

Science, technology, and society (STS), also referred to as science and technology
studies, study how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and
technological innovation and how they affect society. STS scholars are interested in
various problems, including the relationships between scientific and technological
innovations and culture and the directions and risks of science and technology. The
field of STS is related to science's history and philosophy, although with a much
broader emphasis on the social aspects of science and technology.
Science, technology, and society refer to the interaction between science and
technology and social, cultural, political, and economic contexts which shape and are
shaped by them, specific examples throughout human history of scientific and
technological developments.
 SUMMARY
In a nutshell,
Science, the systematized body of knowledge that it is, has been gathered for a long
period of time
Major branches of science are:
1. Chemistry - the study of the composition of substances and their changes.
2. Biology - the study of living things. It has two main components:
a. Botany is the study of plants from the active substances found in plants.
b. Zoology is the study of animals
3. Physics - the study of matter, energy, motion, and forces
Technology is applied to science.
It is developed as a result of scientific discoveries.
Science, technology, and society (STS) study how social, political, and cultural
values affect scientific research and technological innovation and affect the
community. It also refers to the interaction between science and technology and
cultural, social, political, and economic contexts which shape and are shaped by
them, specific examples throughout human history of scientific and technological
developments.