ENGINEERING FACULTY

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Year: 2020-2021 Semester: Spring
Course Name: ENV3002 – Unit Operations II
MAKEUP EXAM QUESTION-ANSWER SHEET
SIGNATURE: EXAM DATE:
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME & TITLE: P rof.Dr.Ç et i n Kant ar 28/06/2021
TIME:15:00
SIGNATURE: EXAM
STUDENT’S NAME/SURNAME: DURATION:
STUDENT ID #: 4 hours

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 TOTAL
POINT:
Point
Prog.
PO2 PO2
Outcomes PO2

1) A groundwater was analyzed and found to have the following composition: Alk = 197 mg/L CaCO 3; Ca2+ = 137
mg/L CaCO3; Mg2+ = 40 mg/L CaCO3 ; H2CO3 = 9 mg/L CaCO3
a) (10 p.) Draw bar diagram of the untreated water

b) (10 p.) Estimate the hardness distributed based on the measured concentrations of alkalinity, calcium and
magnesium (TH, Ca-CH, Mg-CH, Ca-NCH, Mg-NCH).

TH (mg/L CaCO3)

Ca-CH (mg/L CaCO3)

Mg-CH (mg/L CaCO3)

Ca-NCH (mg/L CaCO3)

Mg-NCH (mg/L CaCO3)

c) ( 10 p.) Determine the lime and soda ash dose, in mg/L as CaCO 3, to soften this water to a final hardness of
70 mg/L CaCO3. The residual calcium hardness in the settled softened water is 50 mg/L CaCO 3.

1
 d) (10 p.) Estimate the annual chemical cost of treating 0.05 m 3/s of this water if the price of lime, purchased
as CaO, is $61.70 per ton, and the price of soda ash, purchased as Na 2CO3, is $172 per ton. Assume the lime is
90 % pure and the soda ash is 97 % pure.
,

2) In drinking water treatment systems, powdered activated carbon (PAC) or granulated activated carbon (GAC) is
commonly used to control taste and odor. One of the molecules responsible for odors in drinking water is
geosmin. To determine the required dose of PAC or GAC, as an environmental engineer, you conduct a sorption
experiment. Plotted in the diagram are the experimental results. The vertical axis represents q, the mass of
geosmin sorbed per mass of PAC or GAC. The horizontal axis represents C, the concentration of geosmin
remaining dissolved in water at equilibrium. Assume that the experimental data follow Freundlich isotherm:
q=K f C 1 /n where q = mass of sorbed geosmin per mass of PAC or GAC (mg/g), and C = equilibrium
concentration of geosmin remaining in aqueous phase (mg/L).

850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
q (mg/g)

400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
C, mg/L

a) (10 p.) From the data in the figure, determine K f and 1/n.

2
 ENGINEERING FACULTY
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Year: 2020-2021 Semester: Spring
Course Name: ENV3002 – Unit Operations II
MAKEUP EXAM QUESTION-ANSWER SHEET
SIGNATURE: EXAM DATE:
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME & TITLE: P rof.Dr.Ç et i n Kant ar 28/06/2021
TIME:15:00
SIGNATURE: EXAM
STUDENT’S NAME/SURNAME: DURATION:
STUDENT ID #: 4 hours

Question 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 TOTAL
POINT:
Point
Prog.
PO2 PO2
Outcomes PO2

b) (10 p.) If a sample of untreated water contains 10 mg/L of geosmin, how much PAC must be added (mg/L) to
water to reduce the dissolved geosmin concentration to 0.5 mg/L?

c) (10 p.) An alternative configuration is to use a packed column of granular activated carbon (GAC), installed
after rapid sand filters. The dry bulk density of GAC is 500 kg/m 3. Estimate the total run time before column
exhaustion (days) if the column EBCT is 10 minutes.

d) (10 p.) Using the data given in Part c, estimate the total mass of GAC packed in the column (kg), if the
treatment plant has a flow rate of 0.01 m3/s.

3
3) (20 p.) A metal finishing plant produces a wastewater that contains Zn 2+ at 15 mg/L and Ni 2+ at 12 mg/L. The
wastewater flowrate is 0.5 m3/s. Wastewater treatment for zinc and nickel is to be achieved using sulfide
precipitation at pH 8. Estimate the total amount of sludge produced per day (kg/d) if the sulfide is provided in the
form of 2x10-6 M FeS. The Ksp values for ZnS = 2x10-15 and Ksp for NiS = 3x10-15.