Weldcalc: Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
Sheet Analysis Options
1 Weld Design Sheet

2 Data Store Sheet
3 I-Profile Coordinate Generation
4 L-Profile Weld Coordinates
5 RSC-Profile Weld Coordinates (Channel Sections)
6 PFC-Profile Weld Coordinates (Parallel Flange Channel Sections)
7 CHS-Profile Weld Coordinates (Pipes, Circular Sections)
Documentation
8 Template Features
9 User Notes
10 Notations
11 Terms and Conditions of Use
12 Revision History
Data Storage Note

At present data can be stored for 200 weld design checks. Using the Store
Reference Numbers 1001 to 1200, this data can be retrieved & modified.
Additional data rows in multiples of 10 can also be added and or deleted

to suit design needs. Two click buttons in the header of worksheet "Store"
can be used for this purpose.
WeldCalc20100214 Ó 2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd
Company: ABC Company WeldCalc20100214 Ó 2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd
Address: XYZ Street, City, Country, Post Code User Registration No: Unregistered Copy
Tel: 0123456789 Made by Date Page No
Project:
Client: Checked Job No Revision
Element:
Weld Group in X-Y Plane Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending and Torsion
Fy, y
My User Reference: Main Truss Joint DataStore No: 1010
Weld Description: Weld throat thickness of 4.9 mm and 7.4 mm representing the plate thickness
Mz Mx Applied Loads: Load Position from Origin: Load Position from Centroid: Load Eccentricity Moments at Centroid:
Fz, z Direction Mag kN Xo mm Yo mm Zo mm Xc mm Yc mm Zc mm Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm
+ve values Fx, x Fx kN 547 37 0 #NAME? #NAME?
Sign Convention Fy kN #NAME? #NAME?
Fz kN 522 0 37 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Strength Check: Applied Moments: Resultant Moments on the Weld Group:
Design Strength: Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm Equivalent Stress Calculation Method: Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm
0.280 kN/mm2 SRSS #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Induced Max Stress: Centroid of Weld Group from Origin: #NAME?
Origin Centroid Welds

#NAME? Xo mm Yo mm Zo mm Ixx mm4 Iyy mm4 Ixy mm4 Iuu mm4 Ivv mm4 Ipp mm4
#NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Input for Weld Group Geometry: Component Properties for Each Weld Length: Stress Components & Resultant at Each Node: Force Resultants in Each Weld Length:
Node Part Xo Yo Throat, a Area, A A yo A xo Ixx Iyy Ixy Stress fx Stress fy Stress fz Stress fe Force Fxw Force Fyw Force Fzw
No No mm mm mm mm2 mm3 mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN kN kN
1 1 98.5 4.5 4.9 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 2 -7.5 152.5 7.4 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
9 3 -98.5 -4.5 4.9 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
13 4 7.5 -152.5 7.4 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
18 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Combined Properties for the Weld Group Maximum of fz & fe: #NAME? #NAME? Force Resultants in the Weld Group
NB: Shaded areas represent user data input #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? Valid Design Maximum Stress: #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Welds Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending & Torsion Date Printed: 02/18/2022
Analysis and Design of Weld Lengths Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending,Torsion and Axial Loading
Beam User Weld Group Stress Applied Force Fx Applied Force Fy Applied Force Fz Applied Moments Weld Node 1 Weld Node 2 Weld Node 3 Weld Node 4 Weld Node 5 Weld Node 6 Weld Node 7 Weld Node 8 Weld Node 9
No Reference Description Formula Fx Yo Zo Fy Xo Zo Fz Xo Yo Mx My Mz Part No X1 Y1 Throat1 Part No X2 Y2 Throat2 Part No X3 Y3 Throat3 Part No X4 Y4 Throat4 Part No X5 Y5 Throat5 Part No X6 Y6 Throat6 Part No X7 Y7 Throat7 Part No X8 Y8 Throat8 Part No X9
1001 Example 1 Bracket in Shear+BendSRSS 288 250 1 -86.6 182.3 5.6 1 86.6 182.3 5.6 2 -86.6 -182.3 5.6 2 86.6 -182.3 5.6 3 -5 140 4.2 3 -5 -140 4.2 4 5 140 4.2 4 5 -140 4.2
1002 Example 2 Circular 8 mm Fillet WeSRSS 450 100 50 0 0 0 250000 1 0 200 5.6 1 51.763 193.185 5.6 1 100 173.205 5.6 1 141.421 141.421 5.6 1 173.205 100 5.6 1 193.185 51.763 5.6 1 200 0 5.6 1 193.185 -51.763 5.6 1 173.205
1003 Example 3 Shear + Torson - Steel SRSS 249.5 49.9 1 0 170 3.5 1 0 0 3.5 1 70 0 3.5 1 70 100 3.5 1 0 170 3.5
1004 Example 4 Shear+Torsion+BendingSRSS 300 62.5 19.4 1 0 0 5.6 1 0 180 5.6 1 127 60 5.6 1 127 0 5.6
1005 Extra Example 5 Shear+Torsion - Steel SRSS 176.5 54.2 0 1 0 125 3.5 1 0 0 3.5 1 76.2 0 3.5 1 76.2 125 3.5 1 0 125 3.5
1006 Extra Example 6 Shear+Torsion - TJ MaSRSS 152 350 1 200 300 4.2 1 0 300 4.2 1 0 0 4.2 1 200 0 4.2
1007 Stair Tread 6 mm thick plat Tread divided into 3 str SRSS 1980 1 0 0 6 1 0 63 6 1 275 63 6 1 275 126 6
1008 Stair Tread 6 mm thick plat Tread divided into 8 str SRSS 1980 1 1.5 1.5 3 1 4.5 1.5 3 1 4.5 61.5 3 1 279.5 61.5 3 1 279.5 124.5 3 1 276.5 124.5 3 1 276.5 64.5 3 1 1.5 64.5 3 1 1.5
1009 Main Truss Joint Weld throat thickness oSRSS 664 0 0 634 0 0 1 98.5 4.5 4.9 1 7.5 4.5 4.9 2 7.5 4.5 7.4 2 7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 4.5 7.4 3 -7.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5
1010 Main Truss Joint Weld throat thickness oSRSS 547 37 0 522 0 37 1 98.5 4.5 4.9 1 7.5 4.5 4.9 2 7.5 4.5 7.4 2 7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 4.5 7.4 3 -7.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 3/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Beam User Weld Group Stress Applied Force Fx Applied Force Fy Applied Force Fz Applied Moments Weld Node 1 Weld Node 2 Weld Node 3 Weld Node 4 Weld Node 5 Weld Node 6 Weld Node 7 Weld Node 8 Weld Node 9
No Reference Description Formula Fx Yo Zo Fy Xo Zo Fz Xo Yo Mx My Mz Part No X1 Y1 Throat1 Part No X2 Y2 Throat2 Part No X3 Y3 Throat3 Part No X4 Y4 Throat4 Part No X5 Y5 Throat5 Part No X6 Y6 Throat6 Part No X7 Y7 Throat7 Part No X8 Y8 Throat8 Part No X9
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200

Weld Node 9 Weld Node 10 Weld Node 11 Weld Node 12 Weld Node 13 Weld Node 14 Weld Node 15 Weld Node 16 Weld Node 17 Weld Node 18 Weld Node 19 Weld Node 20 Weld Node 21 Weld Node 22
Y9 Throat9 Part No X10 Y10 Throat10 Part No X11 Y11 Throat11 Part No X12 Y12 Throat12 Part No X13 Y13 Throat13 Part No X14 Y14 Throat14 Part No X15 Y15 Throat15 Part No X16 Y16 Throat16 Part No X17 Y17 Throat17 Part No X18 Y18 Throat18 Part No X19 Y19 Throat19 Part No X20 Y20 Throat20 Part No X21 Y21 Throat21 Part No X22 Y22
-100 5.6 1 141.421 -141.422 5.6 1 100 -173.206 5.6 1 51.763 -193.186 5.6 1 0 -200 5.6 1 -51.763 -193.186 5.6 1 -100 -173.206 5.6 1 -141.421 -141.422 5.6 1 -173.205 -100 5.6 1 -193.185 -51.763 5.6 1 -200 0 5.6 1 -193.185 51.763 5.6 1 -173.205 100 5.6 1 -141.421 141.421
1.5 3
-4.5 4.9 3 -7.5 -4.5 4.9 4 -7.5 -4.5 7.4 4 -7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -4.5 7.4 5 7.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 4.5 4.9
-4.5 4.9 3 -7.5 -4.5 4.9 4 -7.5 -4.5 7.4 4 -7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -4.5 7.4 5 7.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 4.5 4.9

Weld Node 9 Weld Node 10 Weld Node 11 Weld Node 12 Weld Node 13 Weld Node 14 Weld Node 15 Weld Node 16 Weld Node 17 Weld Node 18 Weld Node 19 Weld Node 20 Weld Node 21 Weld Node 22
Y9 Throat9 Part No X10 Y10 Throat10 Part No X11 Y11 Throat11 Part No X12 Y12 Throat12 Part No X13 Y13 Throat13 Part No X14 Y14 Throat14 Part No X15 Y15 Throat15 Part No X16 Y16 Throat16 Part No X17 Y17 Throat17 Part No X18 Y18 Throat18 Part No X19 Y19 Throat19 Part No X20 Y20 Throat20 Part No X21 Y21 Throat21 Part No X22 Y22

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000 1200
Weld Node 22 Weld Node 23 Weld Node 24 Weld Node 25 Weld Node 26 Weld Node 27 Weld Node 28 Weld Node 29 Weld Node 30 Heading Details Design Induced Design Stresses Utilisation Auto Analysis
Throat22 Part No X23 Y23 Throat23 Part No X24 Y24 Throat24 Part No X25 Y25 Throat25 Part No X26 Y26 Throat26 Part No X27 Y27 Throat27 Part No X28 Y28 Throat28 Part No X29 Y29 Throat29 Part No X30 Y30 Throat30 Project Client Element Made by Checked Date Job No Page No Revision Strength Max fz Max fe Max(fz,fe) Ratio, UR Analyse Y? Print ?
0.215 0.16441 0.17758 0.17758 0.826 y
5.6 1 -100 173.205 5.6 1 -51.763 193.185 5.6 1 0 200 5.6 0.215 0.03243 0.21188 0.21188 0.985 y
0.215 0.00000 0.20594 0.20594 0.958 y
0.215 0.10199 0.18693 0.18693 0.869 y
0.215 0.00000 0.15275 0.15275 0.710 y
0.215 0.00000 0.19288 0.19288 0.897 y
0.275 0.15661 0.15661 0.15661 0.570 y
0.275 0.15111 0.15111 0.15111 0.549 y
0.28 0.09792 0.14180 0.14180 0.506 y
0.28 0.15391 0.21452 0.21452 0.766 y

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading Utilisation Ratio Limit: 1.000 1200
Weld Node 22 Weld Node 23 Weld Node 24 Weld Node 25 Weld Node 26 Weld Node 27 Weld Node 28 Weld Node 29 Weld Node 30 Heading Details Design Induced Design Stresses Utilisation Auto Analysis
Throat22 Part No X23 Y23 Throat23 Part No X24 Y24 Throat24 Part No X25 Y25 Throat25 Part No X26 Y26 Throat26 Part No X27 Y27 Throat27 Part No X28 Y28 Throat28 Part No X29 Y29 Throat29 Part No X30 Y30 Throat30 Project Client Element Made by Checked Date Job No Page No Revision Strength Max fz Max fe Max(fz,fe) Ratio, UR Analyse Y? Print ?

Company: DGP International Ó 2009 Techno Consultants
Address: Brunel House, 54 Princesses Street WeldProfile UBUC20090714
Manchester M1 6HS Non-registered copy
Tel : 0161 907 3500 Made by Date Page No
Project: Langley Lane SURK 16 April 2009
Client: Costain Checked Job No Revision
Element: Retaining Wall 012345901 A12 R9
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of UB & UC Sections
Section M h b s t r
Designation kg/m mm mm mm mm mm
686x254x125 125.2 677.9 253 11.7 16.2 15.2
c= 105.45 d= 615.1
Node x, mm y, mm
1 0 0
t
2 253 0 10 9
3 253 16.2
4 147.55 16.2
r
5 132.35 31.4
6 132.35 646.5
7 147.55 661.7 y
8 253 661.7
d
9 253 677.9
h
10 0 677.9
11 0 661.7 s
12 105.45 661.7
13 120.65 646.5
14 120.65 31.4 1
x
15 105.45 16.2 b 2
Drawn Shape Origin
16 0 16.2
Dimensions
17 0 0
c.g. 126.5 338.95
Notes
The origin is at bottom left end of the section.
The node coordinates are in the anti-clock wise order.
The weld profile at the root radii has been assumed to be linear.
The x & y coordinates are to be copied and pasted by using the paste-special-values command.
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: I-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of L-Sections
Section a b t M r1 r2
Designation mm mm mm kg/m mm mm
200x150x12 200 150 12 32 15 7.5
Node x, mm y, mm
1 0 0 r2
2 150 0 9
3 150 4.5
4 142.5 12
5 27 12
6 12 27 t
7 12 192.5 a
8 4.5 200
90o
9 0 200
10 0 0 r1
1
2
Origin
b
Dimensions
Drawn Shape
Notes
Obtain centroid position by pasting the profile coordinates in the worksheet "Welds"
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Rolled Steel Channels, RSC
Section M h b s t r1 r2 Taper a
Designation kg/m mm mm mm mm mm mm degrees
381x102x55 55.01 381 101.6 10.4 16.3 15.2 4.8 5
t1= 12.3257 t2= 20.2743
Node x, mm y, mm
1 0 0.00 12 11
2 101.6 0.00 Taper ao
3 101.6 7.53
r1
4 96.8 12.33
5 25.6 20.27
6 10.4 35.47
7 10.4 345.53
d
h
8 25.6 360.73 s
9 96.8 368.67
10 101.6 373.47
11 101.6 381.00
95o
12 0 381.00
13 0 0.00 r2
1
2
Origin b
t
Drawn Shape
Dimensions
Notes
Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Parallel Flange Channels, PFC
Section M h b s t r
Designation Kg/m mm mm mm mm mm
300x100x46 45.52663 300 100 9 16.5 15
Node x, mm y, mm
1 0 0
t
10 9
2 100 0
3 100 16.5 r
4 24 16.5
5 9 31.5
6 9 268.5
d
7 24 283.5
s
8 100 283.5
9 100 300
10 0 300
11 0 0
1
2
Origin b
Dimensions
Drawn Shape
Notes
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: PFC-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Circular Section
Pipe Diame 168.3 Node x, mm y, mm

-90 1 -84.15 0.00
-75 2 -81.28 21.78
-60 3 -72.88 42.08
-45 4 -59.50 59.50
-30 5 -42.08 72.88
-15 6 -21.78 81.28
19
0 7 0.00 84.15
15 8 21.78 81.28
30 9 42.08 72.88
1 13
45 10 59.50 59.50
60 11 72.88 42.08 Origin
75 12 81.28 21.78
90 13 84.15 0.00 7
105 14 81.28 -21.78
120 15 72.88 -42.08
135 16 59.50 -59.50
150 17 42.08 -72.88
165 18 21.78 -81.28
180 19 0.00 -84.15
195 20 -21.78 -81.28
210 21 -42.08 -72.88
Drawn Shape 225 22 -59.50 -59.50
240 23 -72.88 -42.08
255 24 -81.28 -21.78
270 25 -84.15 0.00
Notes
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: CHS-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Features of WeldCalc for

The Analysis and Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
February 2010
WeldCalc helps design weld groups having any configuration of multi-linear weld lengths in an x-y plane.
It employs the elastic method to analyse weld groups subjected to 3 dimensional loading in the x, y and z
directions. Hence, the loading can comprise simultaneous tension, compression, shear, bending and or
torsion in x, y and z directions. When present, it takes into account the influence of unsymmetrical
bending in its analysis.
Features
¨ The file size is under 1Mb.
¨ Comprehensive documentation and sketches included within the template file to describe the analysis
method and to serve as reference during interactive use.
¨ Sign convention for applied loads illustrated via 3D-Sketch on the screen and in the printed output for
ease of use and ready reference.
¨ All calculation components shown on the screen and in the printed output. The user and the checker
both can verify results by hand calculations.
¨ On the spot screen display of background information via comments, when moving the mouse pointer
over cells.
¨ At each weld node, calculation and display of induced stresses.
¨ WeldCalc offers 3 options to calculate the equivalent resultant stress. These options are Von Mises
Shear, Von Mises Axial and SRSS.
¨ At each weld length, calculation and display of the load carried in x, y and z direction.
¨ The influence of unsymmetrical bending is taken into account, when present.
¨ Applied Loading: Point loads Fx, Fy and Fz and Moments Mx, My and Mz
¨ Design weld strength can be any value to suit your design standard e.g. BS 5950 or BS449.
¨ A weld group can have up to 30 linear lengths forming any weld configuration in the x-y plane.
¨ Lines of weld can be continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths being termed
as a PART, a weld group can have up to 15 separate PARTS connecting 30 nodes.
¨ Live display of weld group configuration via sketch makes input errors obvious at a glance.
¨ The position of user origin can be any convenient point for ease in describing complex weld
configurations.
¨ The origin and centroid is shown in the weld group sketch for easy comprehension of input data and
analysis results.
¨
WeldCalc includes 5 worksheets for the calculation of coordinates for 5 standard sections. By inputting
basic dimensions of I, L, Channel, PFC & CHS sections, the coordinates for the full profiles of these
sections can be calculated and pasted into WeldCalc with ease and rapidity.
¨
Database facility within the WeldCalc file keeps each Weld Group data in its worksheet STORE. Using a
reference number starting from 1001upwards, each Weld Group can be retrieved, changed and re-
designed with easily at a later time.
¨ The Database in the worksheet STORE is visible to the user. Using spreadsheet features of Excel, new
data can be generated and the existing one examined and or modified.
¨ Data for up to and over 10,000 Weld Groups can be stored within its file for later retrievals & revisions.
Rows can be added and or deleted in multiples of 10, starting from a minimum 200 rows.
¨
Auto Analysis facility is available via two columns in the Worksheet STORE. One column allows
selection for analysis and the other selection for printing. All SELECTED Weld Groups can therefore be
analysed and or their results printed by a mouse click.
¨
Auto Analysis facility also stores the analysis results in the worksheet STORE. The spreadsheet cells
showing inadequate strength becomes red in colour. After Auto Analysis, all Weld Groups having
inadequate strength become obvious at a glance.
¨ A utilisation ratio for each Weld Group is calculated and shown in the worksheet "Store".
¨ The template has virtually no user interface. The A4 size printed out matches the Screen Display.
Knowing Excel use and the ability to verify the output as a designer is sufficient for using WeldCalc.
¨
Shaded cells in the spreadsheet mean User-Input and un-shaded cells Spreadsheet-Results. This
permits easy checking at a glance both by the user and the checker of WeldCalc output.
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Features Page 14/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

User Notes for

The Analysis & Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
February 2010
Introduction
WeldCalc analyses any configuration of multi-linear weld lengths in an X-Y plane.
The loads can be shear, moment, torsion and axial applied simultaneously.
WeldCalc calculates the induced stress at each node and identifies the node most
highly stressed. It also calculates the magnitude of load resisted by each length of
weld in the x, y and z direction.
In order to asses adequacy of the weld profiles subjected to stresses in 3 directions,

WeldCalc offers 3 options for calculating the resultant equivalent stress. The 1st
option calculates the equivalent stress in shear, the 2nd in axial tension or
compression and the 3rd a vector sum SRSS.
A weld group can have up to 30 Nodes or 29 weld lengths. The line of weld lengths
can be continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths is
termed as a Part and is given a reference number starting from 1 onwards. A weld
group can have up to 15 parts connecting 30 nodes in any multi-linear pattern.
Loading the Template on to your Computer

WeldCalc is supplied as an Excel Template, having .XLT as its filename extension.
You can use WeldCalc by opening its file directly or copying it into the Microsoft Office
folder for its Templates. Consult Microsoft Office documentation for the path to this
folder.
When opening the WeldCalc file, Excel issues a routine Warning about running
Macros and prompts whether or not to load them.
Answer YES to Load and Enable Macros. WeldCalc incorporates VB Macros and to
allow your computer to use them is vital for its operation.
Codes of Practice
WeldCalc is a weld analysis program for International use. It is not dependent on the
use of any specific code of practice.
However, to illustrate the use of WeldCalc and to discuss various weld details for
design purposes ,reference has been to the British Standard Code of Practice BS
5950-1: 2000 Part 1, Structural Use of Steelwork in Building1.
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 15/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

However, to illustrate the use of WeldCalc and to discuss various weld details for
design purposes ,reference has been to the British Standard Code of Practice BS
5950-1: 2000 Part 1, Structural Use of Steelwork in Building1.
Using WeldCalc
In addition to Job Information in the heading part, describe Applied Loads, Design
Strength and details for each weld length. The applied loads can be factored or un-
factored depending upon the specified design strength of welds. The weld details
required are: part-number, coordinates x and y and throat thickness at each node.
WeldCalc also incorporates a data store facility. Information for up to and more than
10,000 weld groups is kept in the worksheet STORE. Clicking the "Store Existing
Data" command button in the top row, saves the current weld group data. Clicking the
"Get Stored Data" button retrieves the previously saved information.
In order to save or retrieve a weld group information, the Template uses a Datastore
Number. This number starting from 1001 upwards must be specified to store and or
retrieve a weld group data.
PLEASE NOTE that storing weld group data does not save the Excel File. To ensure
saving data to your hard disk, you must use Excel File, Save Pull Down Menu Option
in the usual Windows procedure.
Likewise, saving Excel file to hard disk does not store the existing screen data into the
worksheet "STORE". To do so, you must use "Store Existing Data" button before
saving the Excel file to hard disk.
Database of Weld Group Details and Applied Loading: Worksheet STORE

In each WeldCalc file, weld connection details and applied loads can be stored for well
ove 10,000 weld groups if required. Starting from a minimum of 200 members, data
rows are added and or deleted in multiples of 10 and up to 1000 rows at a time . The
maximum limit is a storage of 10,000 weld groups in one file.
Each weld group is referenced by a number in a range starting from 1001 upwards. All
information is kept in the worksheet STORE and is available to the user for use in the
design process.
A casual Excel user generally does not need to tweak or amend the STORE worksheet.
At the risk of upsetting this information, however, one can benefit by generating and
using this information by Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill-Down commands of Excel.
It is strongly recommended that Cut Command of Excel is not used on this worksheet;
using this command affects the worksheet layout and can disrupt the working of
WeldCalc. Similarly the use of Paste command (as opposed to Paste-Special-Values
command) can override the helpful cell formats.
An experienced Excel User can employ various Excel features to tweak or manage this
information. For example, user reference, title, design strength values can be generated
via Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill Down features of the spreadsheet.
Utilisation Ratio Limit and Values for Each Weld Profile

The data worksheet "Store" includes a column for displaying the utilisation ratio for each
weld profile. The ratio values are calculated when a weld profile data is stored.
The check limit for this ratio is generally 1 but it can be changed to any desired numerical
value. The cell specifying this ratio limit is in row 1 at head of the ratio column. When
the utilisation ratio for any weld profile exceeds this limit, the weld profile title and its
value cell changes to red. Hence all overstressed weld profiles become visible at a
glance.
weld profile. The ratio values are calculated when a weld profile data is stored.
The check limit for this ratio is generally 1 but it can be changed to any desired numerical
value. The cellWelds
specifying this ratio
in Shear, limit is in
Bending, row 1 at
Torsion andhead of the
Axial ratio column. When
Loading
the utilisation ratio for any weld profile exceeds this limit, the weld profile title and its
value cell changes to red. Hence all overstressed weld profiles become visible at a
glance.
Auto Analysis of Weld Groups

Use this facility to analyse and or print all weld groups by a single click of “Auto
Analyse/Print” Button in the top right corner of the screen.
To use this facility, two columns coloured in yellow to the right of the “Store” worksheet
are provided. One column is headed “Analyse Y?” and the other as “Print ?”. The “Auto
Analyse/Print” Button is located at the top of these two columns in the Worksheet “Store”.
Entering “Y” in these two columns, signifies that the respective weld group in a given row
need to be analysed and or printed. Leaving the cells blank signifies that respective weld
groups are not to be analysed or printed.
Auto Analysis facility is useful when all or a selected few weld groups are to be analysed
and or printed after updating the weld group details and loading in the STORE
worksheet.
Design of Fillet Welds

The vector sum of the design stresses due to all forces and moments transmitted by the
weld should not exceed the design strength. When this design strength is shear, the
valid option for the equivalent stress is Von Mises Shear",
When using BS 5950 the design strength pw under factored loads is 0.220 kN/mm2 for
S275 Grade, 0.250 kN/mm2 for Grade S355 and 0.280 kN/mm2 for Grade S460 (Table
37, Cl 6.8.5). As these design values are about 0.6 times the applicable weld yield
stresses, BS 5950 strength appear to represent the weld strengths in shear.
Throat Thickness
The size of the fillet is expressed by the length of the leg of the largest isosceles right
angle triangle that can be inscribed on the outline of the weld. The weld usually has
equal legs, but conditions may require the use of weld with unequal legs.
Thickness of the weld is measured by the perpendicular drawn from the intersection of
the legs on to the hypotenuse, as shown in the figure. This is called the throat thickness
or simply Throat of the fillet weld.
The strength of the fillet welds is related to the throat thickness and depends upon the
angle between the fusion faces. This relationship between the leg length s and the
throat thickness a for various angles between fusion faces is given as follows:
Weld size Fy, y

60o to 90o, a = 0.7 s
s My
91o to 100o, a = 0.65 s
a, throat
101o to 106o, a = 0.6 s thickness Mz Mx
107o to 113o, a = 0.55 s
114o to 120o, a = 0.5 s Fz, z
+ve values Fx, x
Sign Convention
Penetration
Sign Convention
The sign convention is shown on the screen and in the printed output via sketch as
shown.
The applied point loads Fx, Fy and Fz are positive when acting in the direction of axes.
The applied moments Mx, My and Mz are positive Anti-clockwise when viewed looking
intoTab:
File: 577421925.xlsx the origin.
Notes Page 17/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022
The sign convention is shown on the screen and in the printed output via sketch as
shown.
Welds
The applied point in Shear,
loads Fx, Fy Bending,
and Fz areTorsion
positiveand Axial
when Loading
acting in the direction of axes.
The applied moments Mx, My and Mz are positive Anti-clockwise when viewed looking
into the origin.
Properties of Fillet Welds

The shape of fillet welds is usually triangular. As shown in the sketch, the outer surface of a
weld is reinforced, i.e. made convex, but in strength calculations this reinforcement is
ignored.
The failure of welds usually occurs in the throat section. This area is therefore used in
strength calculations of welded joints. It is equal to the summation of the throat thickness
multiplied by the weld length.
Other weld properties are also based on the throat area of welds. These properties are Ix,
Iy and Ixy. The origin for these properties is at centroid of the welds and they are calculated
by using x, y coordinates and the throat thickness defined by the user for each node.
Formulae for Stress Components

At each node, the components of stress in x, y and z direction are calculated by elastic
analysis, given by:
Fx Mzy
fx  
A Ip
Fy M zx
fy  
A Ip
Fz M y I x  M x I xy M x I y  M y I xy
fz   2
x 2
y
A I x I y  I xy I x I y  I xy
Formulae for Induced Maximum Design Stress
At each node, the equivalent stress fe is Option 1 : Von Mises Shear

calculated using component stresses fx and fy
in shear and fz in axial tension or compression. f z2
The maximum of these fe values is then fe  f x2  f y2   fz
chosen and placed in the bottom cell. 3
The equation used for calculating fe depends
Option 2 : Von Mises Axial
upon the method selected by the user via a pull
down menu. Three options are available fe  3 ( f x2  f y2 )  f z2  fz
described in the adjacent.
Option 3 : SRSS
fe  f x2  f y2  f z2  fz
Option 1 Von Mises Shear
is generally meant for comparing the design strength in shear. The calculated
equivalent stress represents a stress value in shear. In general, the design strength
relevant to this case roughly equal to py/sqrt(3). For example, a value of 0.55 Us in
BS5950-1:2000, which implicitly assumes that the weld stress is in shear.
When designing fillet welds to BS5950, the design weld stresses happen to be:
0.800 py = 220 N/mm2 for S275,
0.704 py = 250 N/mm2 for S355 and
0.609 py = 280 N/mm2 for S460.
Option 2 Von Mises Axial
is generally meant for comparing the design strength in tension or compression. The
calculated equivalent stress represents a stress value in tension or shear. In general,
the design strength relevant to this case roughly equal to the yield stress py.
Designing of fillet welds to Eurocode 3 involves the use of equation employed in this
option.
Option 3 SRSS
represents square root of the sum of square values. This option simply calculates the
resultant stress based on fx, fy and fz stress components.

Designing of fillet welds to Eurocode 3 involves the use of equation employed in this
option.
Option 3 SRSS
represents squareWelds
root ofinthe sum of
Shear, square values.
Bending, TorsionThis
andoption simply calculates the
Axial Loading
resultant stress based on fx, fy and fz stress components.
Detailing Requirements for the Design of Welds
The following requirements are based on recommendations contained in Cl 6.7.2 BS

5950-1: 20001. They are intended for guidance only. A user may employ another
code of practice for such requirements.
End Connections Effective Length

Where the ends of an The effective length of a run of fillet weld should be
element is connected only taken as the over all length less one leg length, s, for
by a longitudinal fillet, the each end which does not continue round the corner
length of each weld for a length of 2s, as shown in the sketch.
should be, L >= Tw, the The effective length should be: L >= 4 s
transverse spacing
L >=Tw Length s ignored in

L >=4 t effective length L
End returns L >=4 s
Welds terminating at the
ends or sides should be
weld spacing
returned continuously 1 1
transverse
around the corners for a
Tw
distance >= 2 s (the weld
return >=2s
leg length), wherever it is

Weld end
practicable. This detail is

particularly important for
welds in tension due to
bending. s, leg
length
Lap Joints
Minimum lap should be: L Welded end connection showing End Returns
>= 4t, where t is thickness Lap & Effective Length Requirements
of the thinner part.
Single fillet weld should L >=Tw s, ignored in L
only be used where parts L >=4t
are restrained to prevent L >=4s
opening of the joint.
t
Section 1-1
Maximum Fillet Weld Size

The maximum leg length for a fillet weld is to be limited to the plate thickness less 2
mm. Hence if the plate thickness is 12 mm, the maximum fillet weld size would be 10
mm. This limit helps ensure that edge of the plate being welded is not burned and
provides a visual weld edge for checking its thickness.
Fillet Weld Size for Full Strength
Considering that the throat thickness controls the strength of fillet welds, the required
size of two fillet welds is 0.707 * plate thickness. Hence if the plate size is 15 mm, the
leg length of two fillet welds would be 0.707* 15 = 10.605 mm. This provides a total
throat thickness of 2 *0.707*10.605 = 15 mm, which is equal to the plate thickness.

Considering that the throat thickness controls the strength of fillet welds, the required
size of two fillet welds is 0.707 * plate thickness. Hence if the plate size is 15 mm, the
leg length of Welds
two fillet
inwelds
Shear,would be 0.707*
Bending, 15 =and
Torsion 10.605 mm.
Axial This provides a total
Loading
throat thickness of 2 *0.707*10.605 = 15 mm, which is equal to the plate thickness.
Describing Weld Group Configuration
First estimate throat thickness for each length of weld in the joint and also select a
convenient point as origin for defining coordinates. Weld group configuration is then
defined by giving part-no, x-coordinate, y-coordinate and throat thickness at each
node.
Start using part-no from 1 onwards at first node. When the line of welds becomes
discontinuous or the throat thickness changes, increment the part-no by one for the
node at next weld length.
Six examples are included in the worksheet STORE of this template. They can be
viewed or recalled on the screen by giving their Datastore number from 1001 to 1006
after clicking Get Weld Group Data button. To illustrate data preparation, details of
the first 4 examples are explained below via sketches.
Example 1
This example has 4 parts and 8 Nodes. It represents junction of a UB section welded
at its top and bottom flanges and on either side of its web. To describe fillet weld legs
of 8 and 6 mm, the throat thickness of the horizontal and vertical weld lengths are 5.6
and 4.2 mm respectively.
Weld Details: 288 kN

Part, Node x,y Coordinates & Throat Thickness
Part1, Node 1: -86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6 y
Part1, Node 2: +86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6
Part 1
Part2, Node 3: -86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6 1 2
Part2, Node 4: +86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6
Part3, Node 5: -5, +140, Throat 4.2
6 8
Part3, Node 6: -5, -140, Throat 4.2
Part4, Node 7: +5, +140, Throat 4.2
Part 3
Part 4
Part4, Node 8: +5, -140, Throat 4.2 x

Applied Loads:
Fy = 288 kN @ zo = 250 mm
5 7
3 4
Part 2
Example 2
This example represents a circular weld of 400 mm diameter and 8 mm fillet weld. It
has 1 Part and 25 Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 25 are physically
coincident.
Only selected nodes and part data have been shown below for brevity.
Weld Details: Nodes 25, 1

Part 1, Node 1: 0, 200, Throat 5.6 y
450 kN
Part 1, Node 7: 200, 0, Throat 5.6

Part 1, Node 13: 0, -200, Throat 5.6
Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6
Node 7
Node 19
Part 1, Node 25: 0, 200, Throat 5.6 x

Applied Loads:
Fx = 450 kN @ yo = 100 mm & zo = 50 mm 250,000 kNmm
Mz = 250,000 kNmm
Part 1, Node 13: 0, -200, Throat 5.6
Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6
Node 7
Node 19
Applied Loads:
Fx = 450 kN @ yo = 100 mm & zo = 50 mm 250,000 kNmm
Mz = 250,000 kNmm
Node 13
Example 3
This example represents a closed trapezoidal weld of 5 mm fillet weld. It has 1 Part
and 5 Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 5 are physically coincident.
249.5 kN
y
Weld Details:
Nodes 1,5
Node 4
Applied Loads:
Fy = 249.5 kN @ xo = 49.9 mm
x
Node 2 Node 3
Example 4
This example is an open trapezoidal 8 mm fillet weld having a 5.6 mm Throat

Thickness. It has therefore1 Part and 4 Nodes.
As shown in the sketch below, the weld group represents a 127x64 RSC (rolled steel
channel) welded to the inside flange of a 305 x 205 UC (universal column) section at
an angle. Acting at Centroid of the RSC, the applied axial load of Fy = 300 kN has an
eccentricity of Xo = 62.5 mm and Zo = 19.4 mm. The weld group is therefore
subjected to direct shear, bending and torsion simultaneously.
y
y
300 kN 300 kN
2 z 2
300 kN
y Section 2-2 x Plan

Weld Details:
Node 2 Part, Node x,y Coordinates & Throat Thickness
300 kN Part 1, Node 1: 0, 0, Throat 5.6
Node 3 Part 1, Node 4: 127, 0, Throat 5.6
Applied Loads:
Fy = 300 kN @ xo = 62.5 mm and zo = 19.4 mm
x
Node 1 Node 4
References
1 BS 5950: Structural use of steelwork in building

BS 5950-1:2000: Code of practice for design - Rolled and welded sections, 2001
2 DD ENV 1993-1-1: 1992; Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
Part 1.1 General rules and rules for buildings

Notations
A Area of weld length or group equal to the weld length multiplied by its throat
thickness
a Perpendicular distance from the root of the weld to a straight line joining the fusion
faces. Usually a = 0.7 s for angle between fusion faces from 60 to 90 degrees.
fe Equivalent shear/axial stress based on the fx, fy & fz values
Fx Resultant applied load on the weld group in x-direction
fx Component of stress induced at a weld group node in x-direction
Fxw Load carried by a weld length or group in x-direction
Fy Resultant applied load on the weld group in y-direction
fy Component of stress induced at a weld group node in y-direction
Fyw Load carried by a weld length or group in y-direction
Fz Resultant applied load on the weld group in z-direction
fz Component of stress induced at a weld group node in z-direction
Fzw Load carried by a weld length or group in z-direction
L Effective length of fillet weld; BS 5950 minimum values are: L>=Tw, L>=4t & L>=
4s
Mx Resultant applied moment on the weld group about x-axis
My Resultant applied moment on the weld group about y-axis
Mz Resultant applied moment on the weld group about z-axis
pw Design strength of fillet weld
py Yield stress
s Leg length of fillet weld
SRSS Square root of the sum of squares (for calculating resultant stress vector)
t Thickness of the thinner part being connected by welding
Tw Transverse spacing of two fillet welds
Us Specified minimum tensile strength of the parent metal
xc Distance along x axis from centroid of the weld group
xo Distance along x axis from origin chosen by the user
yc Distance along y axis from centroid of the weld group
yo Distance along y axis from origin chosen by the user
zc Distance along z axis from centroid of the weld group
zo Distance along z axis from origin chosen by the user

Terms & Conditions of CHSmember Use
Disclaimer
No Liability is accepted by Techno Consultants or its software authors for any direct,
indirect, consequential or incidental loss or damage arising out of the software use or any
mistakes and negligence in developing this software.
The organisation or person using the software bears all risks and responsibility for the
quality and performance of the software.
Your Usage
The software is intended to help you save time and effort in calculations. Please check
and validate all results carefully. You are responsible and liable for all consequences of its
use.
Software Distribution Policy
This product is being distributed as a part of our policy to pool, share and grow technical
expertise with fellow engineers. In the past we did so by using personal and direct
business contacts.
Availability of the Internet, now makes it possible to pool and share expertise with
engineers all over the world. You can freely use this product for your personal or business
design work.
This product, however, remains our copyright. You may also reproduce and distribute it
provided that each copy shall be a true and complete copy, including all copyright and
trademark notices and that such distribution shall not be for commercial purposes.
Funding and Formal Registration
We welcome funds to help our Research and Development work. You are welcome to
make contributions at your discretion. As a guide and route to making a minimum
payment, you can register your use of this software.
Doing so shall enable you to become a formal member of our user team. Your details will
be used for pooling, sharing and informing of future developments via email.
The fee for formal registration is £15.00 for individuals and £45.00 for companies. Add
17.5 percent VAT for registrations based in the UK and EC member states. Please send
cheques payable to:
Techno Consultants Ltd

71 Vicarage Avenue
Cheadle Hulme, Cheadle
Cheshire SK8 7JP
England
With your payment please ensure to send us your full details i.e. Name, Company, Postal
Address, Telephone, Fax & Email Address. Acknowledgement will be sent via Email.
Technical Support and Contacting Us
We welcome and value all comments and suggestions via email. However, we do not
provide formal technical support. As and when possible, your comments will be used to
improve our software in the future.
Your feedback is very important to us. You can download software and obtain the latest
information from our website. The email address is:
http://www.technouk.com
Email: shaiq@technouk.com
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Terms Page 24/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Terms Page 25/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Revision History of WeldCalc
V20010114 1st Issue: 14 January 2001
V20010424 2nd Issue: 24 April 2001
Correction made in the sign of My, when calculating stress fz in unsymmetrical
bending. Location angle of principal axes relative to x-axis shown/calculated.
V20041115 3rd Issue: 15 November 2004

Option to find stress resultant using SRSS OR EuroCode (Von Mises) formula
V20090709 4th Issue: 07 July 2009
Address updated in Worksheet "Term"
V20090716 5th Issue: 07 July 2009
Coordinates for various section profiles added; SRSS & Von Mises Option
Stored, Job Details Stored
V20100214 Formulae options for equivalent stress fe extened to include Von Mises
Shear, Von Mises Axial & SRSS. Also a limit introudced so that fe >=fz.
File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Rev Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Weldcalc: Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Weldcalc: Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

1 Weld Design Sheet

3 I-Profile Coordinate Generation

4 L-Profile Weld Coordinates

5 RSC-Profile Weld Coordinates (Channel Sections)

6 PFC-Profile Weld Coordinates (Parallel Flange Channel Sections)

7 CHS-Profile Weld Coordinates (Pipes, Circular Sections)

Data Storage Note

Additional data rows in multiples of 10 can also be added and or deleted

Origin Centroid Welds

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 3/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 4/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 5/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 6/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 7/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Store Page 8/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of UB & UC Sections

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: I-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of L-Sections

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: PFC-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Coordinates for the Full Profile Weld of Circular Section

Pipe Diame 168.3 Node x, mm y, mm

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: CHS-Profile Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Features of WeldCalc for

WeldCalc20100214 Ó 2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Features Page 14/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

User Notes for

In order to asses adequacy of the weld profiles subjected to stresses in 3 directions,

Loading the Template on to your Computer

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 15/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Database of Weld Group Details and Applied Loading: Worksheet STORE

Utilisation Ratio Limit and Values for Each Weld Profile

Auto Analysis of Weld Groups

Design of Fillet Welds

Weld size Fy, y

Properties of Fillet Welds

Formulae for Stress Components

At each node, the equivalent stress fe is Option 1 : Von Mises Shear

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 18/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Detailing Requirements for the Design of Welds

The following requirements are based on recommendations contained in Cl 6.7.2 BS

End Connections Effective Length

L >=Tw Length s ignored in

leg length), wherever it is

practicable. This detail is

Maximum Fillet Weld Size

Fillet Weld Size for Full Strength

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 19/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

Describing Weld Group Configuration

Weld Details: 288 kN

Part4, Node 8: +5, -140, Throat 4.2 x

Weld Details: Nodes 25, 1

Part 1, Node 7: 200, 0, Throat 5.6

Part 1, Node 25: 0, 200, Throat 5.6 x

This example is an open trapezoidal 8 mm fillet weld having a 5.6 mm Throat

y Section 2-2 x Plan

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 21/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

WeldCalc20100214 Ó 2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 22/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

WeldCalc20100214 Ó 2001-10 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

Techno Consultants Ltd

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Terms Page 24/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022

File: 577421925.xlsx Tab: Terms Page 25/26 Date Printed: 02/18/2022