UNIT VII

LOCAL GOVERNMENT LEGISLATION

Introduction
This is the seventh of nine (9) units constituting this self-instructional
material. Its subject is local legislation. The unit is presented in small chunks
of information to keep your interest on it. Activities and assessment questions
were introduced to break the monotony of reading through long discussions.

The unit is divided into three (3) lessons, namely: the local legislative
bodies (Lesson 1); the legislative process (Lesson 2); and local legislation
through initiative (Lesson 3).

The unit ends with self-assessment questions.

Objectives of the Unit

At the end of this unit, you should be able to:
 Define the concepts on local legislation like ordinance, resolution,
session, the kinds of session, quorum, veto power of the chief
executive, local initiative, and local referendum;
 Identify the local legislative bodies, the organization and
procedures of these bodies;
 Explain the legislative process and the review of ordinances and
resolutions; and
 Discuss local legislation through the systems of initiative and
referendum.

Suggested Timeframe:
4 hours
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Lesson I. The Local Legislative Bodies

Lesson 1
Objectives
At the end of Lesson 1, you should be able to:
1. Enumerate the legislative bodies of the local government units;
2. Identify the presiding officers of the local legislative bodies; and
3. Know the internal rules of procedure of local legislative bodies.

The Sanggunians
Local legislative power is exercised by the sangguniang panlalawigan
for the province; the sangguniang panlungsod for the city; the sangguniang
bayan for the municipality; and sangguniang barangay for the barangay (Sec.
48, LGC).

Legislative power or the power to make laws and to alter, change or

amend them is vested exclusively in the Congress of the Philippines by the
Constitution. However, the legislative power of the State is delegated to local
government units through the local legislative bodies or assemblies.

Presiding Officer
The presiding officer of the sangguniang panlalawigan is the vice
governor. In the case of the sangguniang panlungsod, it is the city vice mayor
and in the sangguniang bayan, the municipal vice mayor, as for the
sangguniang barangay, the punong barangay.

If however, the regular presiding officer is unable to preside at a

sanggunian session, the members present provided they constitute a quorum
shall elect from among themselves a temporary presiding officer. The
presiding officer, whether regular or temporary, votes only to break a tie.
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Activity
1
Below is a blank table divided into two columns. The column on the
left bears the heading “Sanggunian” and the one on the right carries the
title “Presiding Officer.” On the first column (the one on the right), you
write the sanggunians of the LGUs and on the second column you indicate
the presiding officer of each of the sanggunians. Pass this activity to
your tutor for correction. Write your name on this page.

SANGGUNIAN PRESIDING OFFICER

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Internal rules of procedure

The sanggunian is free to determine and adopt its internal rules of
procedure on its first regular session after the election of its members and
within a period of ninety (90) days thereafter. The rules of procedure should
provide for the following:

1. Organization of the sanggunian;

2. Election of officers of the sanggunian;
3. Creation of standing committees
3.1 The standing committee shall include the committees on:
(a) Appropriations;
(b) Women and family;
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(c) Human rights;

(d) Youth and sports development;
(e) Environmental protection; and
(f) Cooperatives.
3.2 The determination/definition of the jurisdiction of each
committee;
3.3 The election of chairman and members of each committee. The
sectoral representatives shall automatically chair the committee
corresponding to their sectoral group. The President of the local
chapters of the liga ng mga barangay in provincial, city, or
municipal level shall likewise automatically chair the committee
on barangay affairs or its equivalent.
4. Order and calendar of business for each session;
5. The legislative process;
6. Parliamentary procedures which include the conduct of members
during sessions;
7. The discipline of members for disorderly behavior and absences
without justifiable cause for four (4) consecutive sessions.
The disciplinary actions that may be taken against members are:
7.1 Censure;
7.2 Reprimand;
7.3 Exclusion from the session;
7.4 Suspension for not more than 60 days; and
7.5 Expulsion with the concurrence of at least two-thirds vote of all
the sanggunian members. A member who is convicted by final
judgment to imprisonment of at least one (1) year for any crime
involving moral turpitude is automatically expelled from the
sanggunian.
8. Such other rules as the sanggunian may adopt.

Activity
2
 Secure a certified true copy of the rules of
procedure of a sangguniang bayan. Study these carefully. Sort the
rules of procedure according to the items (No. 1 – No. 8)
presented in the topic on “Internal Rules of Procedure.” Write the
results in a separate report and submit it to your tutor for
evaluation. A copy of the rules of procedure should accompany the
report. There should not be two reports with identical subjects.
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Sessions
The sanggunian, by resolution, fixes the day, time, and place of its
regular sessions. The sanggunian has two types of sessions: regular and
special. A regular session is one held on a particular time and place. Regular
sessions are held at least once a week for the sangguniang panlalawigan,
sangguniang panlungsod, and sangguniang bayan, and twice every month for
the sangguniang barangay.

Special sessions are held as frequent as the public interest may demand
at the call of the local chief executive or by a majority of the sanggunian
members. There is, however, a limit to the number of sessions that may be held
in one particular day. The Code prohibits the sanggunian from holding two
sessions in a single day (Sec. 52, LGC)

Sessions of the sanggunian are open to the public. A closed-door

session may, however, be ordered by an affirmative vote of a majority of the
members present in the session, provided there is quorum. A closed-door
session may be held for reasons of security, decency, or morality.

If a special session of the sanggunian requires a written notice, it should

be served personally to the member at his usual place of residence. The notice
of special meeting must be served at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to the
holding of the special session. During a special session, no other matters or
agenda may be taken or considered except those enumerated in the notice.
However, by a two-thirds vote of the sanggunian members present, provided a
quorum is present, other matters may be considered by the sanggunian. The
sanggunian is required to keep a journal of its proceedings which may be
published upon its resolution.

Quorum
For purposes of officially transacting business, the number of members
of the sanggunian required to be present is majority. Majority means one half
of the total number plus one. If a question on quorum is raised during a
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session, a roll call should be conducted by the presiding officer and thereupon
announce the results.

What happens if there is no quorum? If there is no quorum:

1. The presiding officer may declare a recess until such time that a
quorum is constituted.

2. A majority of the members present may adjourn from day to day and
may compel the immediate attendance of any member absent without
justifiable cause. For this reason, the presiding officer may designate a member
of the sanggunian, with the assistance of a member or members of the local
police, to arrest the absent member and present him at the session.
3. No business shall be transacted. The presiding officer, upon proper
motion duly approved by the members present, shall then declare the session
adjourned for lack of quorum.

This is the end of Lesson 1. The lesson on the

legislative process follows immediately.
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Lesson 2. The Local Legislative Process

Lesson 2
Objectives
At the end of Lesson 2, you should be able to:
1. Explain the rules governing the enactment of ordinances and
resolutions;
2. Identify and explain the methods by which ordinances and
resolutions are approved;
3. Explain the veto power of local chief executive and the effectivity of
local enactments; and
4. Explain the power to local legislation.

Rules Governing the Enactment of

Ordinances and Resolutions
The following rules govern the enactment of ordinances or resolutions:
1. Forms of legislative actions
1.1 Legislative actions of general and permanent character are
enacted in the form of ordinances.
1.2 Legislative actions which are of temporary character including
matters relating to proprietary or business functions and to
private concerns will be in the form of resolutions.

2. Parts of ordinances or resolutions

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Proposed ordinances and resolutions shall be in writing and

contain the following:
2.1 An assigned number;
2.2 A title or caption;
2.3 An enacting or ordaining clause;
2.4 Body; and
2.5 Date of proposed effectivity.

A proposed ordinance must be accompanied by a brief

explanatory vote containing the justifications for its approval. It has to
be signed by the author or authors.

3. Process of enactment
The following rules are observed in the enactment of ordinances
and resolutions:
3.1 A resolution is enacted in the same manner prescribed for an
ordinance. However, a resolution need not go through a third reading
for its final consideration. The exception is when the sanggunian by a
majority vote decides that the resolution should go through third
reading.
3.2 An ordinance or resolution will not be considered for second
reading in a regular meeting unless it has been reported out by the
proper committee to which the proposed ordinance or resolution was
referred or certified as urgent by the local chief executive.
3.3 A legislative matter (in the form of a resolution or an
ordinance) certified by the local chief executive as urgent whether or
not it is calendared may be considered by the sanggunian without need
to suspend the rules.
3.4 Copies of the proposed ordinance or resolution in the form it
was passed on second reading shall be distributed to each sanggunian
member.
3.5 A legislative measure certified as urgent by the local chief
executive concerned may be submitted for final voting immediately
after debate or amendment during the second reading.
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3.6 An ordinance or resolution passed by the sanggunian in a

regular or special session will be valid if approved by a majority of the
members present, there being a quorum.
3.7 An ordinance or resolution authorizing or directing the
payment of money or creating liability requires affirmative vote of all
the sanggunian members for its passage or approval.
3.8 Upon the passage of an ordinance and resolution directing
or ordering the payment of money or creating liability, the ayes and
nays shall be recorded.
3.9 Each approved ordinance or resolution shall bear the seal of
the sanggunian and recorded in a book it keeps for the purpose.

After thoroughly studying the topics on

internal rules of procedure, sessions, quorum
and rules governing the enactments of the
sanggunian, you deserve a rest. Sip a cup of
coffee or enjoy a stroll outside of your house.

 Cut here

Activity
You go to the hall where your sangguniang bayan holds its
sessions. Meet the secretary to the sanggunian or the presiding officer
and get/request for a copy of an ordinance passed by the sanggunian that
is now being implemented. Study the ordinance carefully.

On the space provided, you write the:

1. Assigned number of the ordinance:
2. Title of the ordinance:

3. The enacting or ordaining clause of the ordinance:

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4. The major provisions of the ordinance:

5. Date of effectivity of the ordinance:

After performing this activity, you detach this sheet

and submit it to your tutor for evaluation. Don’t forget to write
your name on it.

Approval of Ordinances
There are four methods of passing or approving a local ordinance,
namely:
 If the local chief executive approves it by affixing his signature on
every page thereof.
 An ordinance vetoed or disapproved by the local chief executive may
be reconsidered by the sanggunian concerned by overriding the veto by
two-thirds vote of all its members.
 The veto must be communicated by the local chief executive concerned
within fifteen days, in case of a province, and ten days, in case of a city
or municipality. Otherwise, the ordinance shall be deemed approved as
if he had signed it.
 An ordinance passed by the sangguniang barangay is valid if approved
by the majority of its members and signed by the punong barangay.
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Veto Power of the Local Chief Executive

The local chief executive may veto any ordinance of the sanggunian on
the ground that it is ultra vires or prejudicial to the public welfare. The reasons
for the veto must be stated in writing. The local chief executive, except the
punong barangay, may veto any particular item or items of the following
ordinances or resolutions:
 An appropriations ordinance;
 An ordinance or resolution adopting a local development plan;
 An ordinance or resolution adopting a public investment
program; and
 An ordinance directing the payment of money or creating
liability.
The item or items not objected to will not be affected by the veto. The
vetoed item or items will not take effect unless, of course, if the vetoed item or
items are overridden by the sanggunian.

Review of Ordinances or Resolutions

Review of Component City and Municipal
Ordinances or Resolutions by the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan
The secretary to the sangguniang panlungsod or sangguniang bayan is
mandated to forward within three (3) days after approval, to the sangguniang
panlalawigan for review, copies of approved ordinances and the resolutions
approving the local development plans and investment programs formulated by
the local development councils. The sangguniang panlalawigan will examine
the resolutions and ordinances within 30 days from the day it has received such
documents.

Instead of examining the documents, the sangguniang panlalawigan

may transmit them to the provincial attorney, or if there is none, to the
provincial prosecutor for immediate examination. The examining official
(provincial attorney or provincial prosecutor) shall inform the sangguniang
panlalawigan of his written comments or recommendations within ten days
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from the time he has received the documents. The sangguniang panlalawigan
may consider such comments or recommendations in arriving at a decision.

An ordinance or resolution that is beyond the power conferred upon or

given to the sangguniang panlungsod or sangguniang bayan, will be declared
invalid in its entirety or in part by the sangguniang panlalawigan. The action of
the sangguniang panlalawigan is to be entered in its minutes. It shall likewise
advise the concerned city or municipal officials of such action.

If the sangguniang panlalawigan does not act on the ordinance or

resolution submitted to it for examination, said ordinance or resolution is
presumed consistent with law and is, therefore, valid.

Review of Barangay Ordinances by the

Sangguniang Panlungsod or Sangguniang
Bayan
The sangguniang panlungsod and the sangguniang bayan have the
power to review ordinances passed by the sangguniang barangays in their
jurisdictions. The purpose of this review power is to determine whether or not
the ordinances are consistent with law or city or municipal ordinances. It is the
duty of the sangguniang barangay to furnish the sangguniang panlungsod or
sangguniang bayan within ten days from its enactment a copy of a barangay
ordinance for review.

The fate of the barangay ordinance submitted for review could be either
of two things:

 It is deemed approved. If the sangguniang panlungsod or sangguniang

bayan fails to act on a barangay ordinance within thirty days from its
receipt of such ordinance, the ordinance is deemed approved.
 If the sangguniang panlungsod or sangguniang bayan finds the
barangay ordinance inconsistent with law or city or municipal
ordinance, the sanggunian concerned will return it with its comments
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and recommendations to the sangguniang barangay that passed it for

adjustment, amendment, or modification.

The effectivity of the ordinance is stayed on or suspended until the

revision called for is effected. Any attempt to enforce a disapproved ordinance
or resolution approving the local development plan and public investment
program is a sufficient ground for the suspension or dismissal from service of
the official or employee attempting to enforce it.

Effectivity of Ordinances and Resolutions

Ordinances and resolutions approving the local development plan and
public investment program generally take effect after ten (10) days from the
date a copy thereof is posted in a bulletin board at the entrance of the
provincial capitol or city, municipal, or barangay hall and in two other
conspicuous places in the LGU concerned. The exception to the rule is when
the ordinance or resolution itself provides for another date of effectivity.

Ordinances with penal sanctions take effect on the day following its
publication or at the end of the period for posting, whichever comes later. The
posting period is three (3) consecutive weeks and the publication is in a
newspaper of general circulation where a newspaper of general circulation is
available. Barangay ordinances are exempted from the requirement for
publication in a newspaper of general circulation.

 Cut here

Assessment
Questions
Modified True or False. Answer true if the statement is correct. If the
statement is false, underline the word or phrase that makes the statement wrong
and write the word that will make it correct.

___________________ 1. The presiding officer of the sangguniang

panlalawigan is the vice governor.
___________________ 2. Legislative power is vested in local
government units.
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___________________ 3. The sanggunian can hold two (2) sessions in a

single day.
___________________ 4. The municipal mayor is the presiding officer of
the sangguniang bayan.
___________________ 5. A regular session is held as frequent as the
public interest may demand.
___________________ 6. The presiding officer votes only to break a tie.
___________________ 7. Quorum is the required number of members of
the sanggunian to officially transact business.
___________________ 8. A legislative action which is temporary in
character will be in the form of an ordinance.
___________________ 9. Legislative actions which are permanent in
nature are in the form of resolutions.
___________________ 10. Quorum means one-half of the total number
plus one.

 Review your answers. Go through the statements

once more. Once you are sure of your answers, detach the page on
which your answers to the assessment questions are written and
submit it to your tutor for correction. Don’t forget to write your
name and section on the pages containing the AQ.

This is the end of Lesson 2 of this module. The third and

last lessons deal with the power of local initiative.
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Lesson 3. Local Legislation Through

Initiative
At the end of Lesson 3, you should be able to:
Lesson 3
1. Discuss clearly the procedure of local initiative; and
Objectives
2. Enumerate the requirements of local initiative.

Procedure in Local Initiative

The fundamental law of the country reserves legislative power to
citizens through initiative. Citizens may now directly enact ordinances or pass
resolutions through initiative.

Local initiative is the legal process whereby the registered voters of a

local government unit may directly propose, enact or amend any ordinance.
Just like recall, initiative and referendum, local initiative may be exercised by
all registered voters of the provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays.
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The exercise of initiative begins when a petition with the sanggunian

concerned is filed proposing the adoption, enactment, repeal, or amendment of
an ordinance. The table below shows the number of registered voters required
in filing a petition.

Table showing the number of registered voters required for the exercise of
initiative and referendum

Local Government Unit Number of Registered Voters

Province and City At least 1,000 registered voters
Municipality At least 100 registered voters
Barangay At least 50 registered voters

A petition is an instrument in writing containing the proposition and the

required number of signatories. The form of the petition as prescribed by the
COMELEC should state the following, namely:
 The proposed ordinance sought to be enacted, approved or rejected,
amended or repealed;
 The proposition and the justifications therefor;
 That the proposition is not one of the limitations provided in Article
150 of the IRR;
 Signatures of the petitioning registered voters;
 A formal designation of their duly authorized representatives; and
 An abstract or summary proposition in not more than one hundred
words legibly written or printed at the top of every page of the petition.

Proposition is the measure proposed by the registered voters which is

numbered serially starting from Roman Numeral I. Two or more propositions
may be submitted in a single initiative.

Copies of Petition and Notice

A certain number of the petition have to be produced and distributed to
appropriate officials. Table below shows the officials to be furnished copies of
the petition and notice.
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Upon receiving the petition and notice, all election registrars concerned
will post said petition and notice in conspicuous public places in the local
government unit concerned. A notice of the dates or schedule of signing of the
petition is likewise to be posted with the petition and notice.

Table showing officials to be furnished copies of the petition and notice across
local government units

Officials of LGU to be Furnished

Copies of Petition and Notice
Subject Ordinance

Provincial Ordinance Provincial Election Supervisor

City Ordinance
Municipal Ordinance
Barangay Ordinance
Municipal/City Election Registrars
COMELEC – Manila
Barangays within the City
Barangays in the Municipality
COMELEC – Manila
Provincial Election Registrar
COMELEC – Manila

Signing Stations and Schedule of

Signing of Petition
The collection of signatures begins on the first Saturday and Sunday
following receipt of the notice and petition by the election officer in the local
government concerned in a public school building nearest the residence of the
voters and designated as such. Each signature station is under the supervision
of a public school teacher designated by the election registrar. The period for
collecting signatures is 90 days for provinces and cities, 60 days for
municipalities, and 30 days in case of barangays.

Procedure for Signing of Petition

Any registered voter in the LGU concerned may sign the petition on
any of the days scheduled for the purpose. The petition shall be signed before
the local election registrar, or his duly designated representative, with a
representative each of the proponent and the sanggunian concerned witnessing
such signing. The COMELEC prescribes a form on which signatures of votes
are to be affixed.
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Verification of Signatures
The local election registrar or his representative verifies and
counterchecks the genuineness and authenticity of the signatures by matching
them with the signatures in the back of the voters’ affidavits and voters’
identification cards used in the immediately preceding election. The election
registrar may cancel or invalidate any of such signatures on any of the
following reasons or grounds, namely:
 The signature is forged or falsified.
 The signatory is not a registered voter.
 The signature of the voter appears more than once in the same or other
forms.
The election registrars’ determination or decision on the genuineness
and authenticity of the signatures is final and unappeasable.

Signatures required
The number of signatures required for the enactment or amendment of
an ordinance through initiative is 10% of the registered voters of the LGU
concerned with each congressional district represented by at least 3%. The
other requirements as regards the number of signatories are in the table below.

Determination of Percentage and

Certification,
Action, and Call for Initiative by the
Comelec
The COMELEC Office in the LGU concerned has the authority to
determine and certify whether or not the required number of signatures has
been obtained at the lapse of the period for collecting signatures. The
proposition is defeated if it fails to obtain the number of signatures required.
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The COMELEC must act on the findings of its office in the LGU concerned of
the sufficiency or insufficiency of the petition for initiative.

Table showing the number of signatures required for initiative

Local Initiative Affecting an
Ordinance Passed by
Sangguniang Panlalawigan
Required Number of Signatures
3
Ten percent (10%) of the registered voters in the
province. Each representative district should be
represented by at least three percent (3%) of the
registered voters therein.

Where the province is a lone district constituency,

Sangguniang Panlungsod
each municipality must be represented by at least
three percent (3%) of the registered voters therein.
Ten percent (10%) of the registered voters in the
city with each congressional district represented by
at least three percent (3%) of the registered voters
therein.

Where the city has only one district, each barangay

must be represented by at least three percent (3%)
of the voters therein.
Sangguniang Bayan Ten percent (10%) of the registered voters in the
municipality, of which every barangay must be
represented by at least three percent (3%) of its
registered voters.
Sangguniang Barangay Ten percent (10%) of the registered voters in said
barangay.
Source: Art. 145, IRR.
Once the required number of signatures is obtained or established, the
COMELEC sets the date for the initiative. On that date, the proposition is
submitted to the registered voters in the LGU concerned for their approval
within 60 days from the date of certification by the COMELEC in case of
provinces and cities, 45 days in case of municipalities, and 30 days in case of
barangays. Results of the initiative must be certified and proclaimed by the
COMELEC (Art. 147, IRR).

Effectivity and Limitations

The proposition, once approved by a majority of the votes cast, takes
effect 15 days after certification by the COMELEC as if affirmative action
thereon had been made by the local chief executive and the sanggunian
concerned.
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Local initiative is subject to the following limitations:

 The power of local initiative may not be exercised more than once a
year.
 An initiative may extend only to subjects or matters which are within
the legal powers of the sanggunian to enact.
 If at any time before the initiative is held, the sanggunian concerned
adopts in the proposition presented and the local chief executive
approves the same, the initiative shall be cancelled. Those against such
action may, if they so desire, apply for initiative.

Assessment
Questions
Identification. Write the concept, word, or phrase described in the
sentence on the space provided before the statement or sentence.

___________________ 1. The legal process whereby the registered voters

of a local government unit may directly propose,
enact, or amend any ordinance.
___________________ 2. An instrument containing the proposition and the
required number of signatories.
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___________________ 3. Measure proposed by the registered voters which

is numbered serially.
___________________ 4. It prescribes the form of the petition.
___________________ 5. Verifies and counterchecks the genuineness and
authenticity of a signatures in a petition.

 Cut here

Local Referendum
Referendum is the legal process whereby the registered voters of LGUs
may approve, amend or reject any ordinance enacted by the sanggunian
through an election held for the purpose.

Procedure in Local Referendum

The rules implementing the Code outline the manner by which local
referendum is to be undertaken. Following is the procedure for local
referendum:

 Any sanggunian may submit to the registered voters of the

LGU, like a province, city, municipality, and barangay, of
which it is a part for approval or rejection any measure
(ordinance or resolution) it enacted or approved.
 The local referendum will be under the control and direction of
the COMELEC.

 The referendum must be held within 60 days in the case of a

province or city and 45 days in case of a municipality, or in the
case of a barangay, within 30 days.

 The COMELEC must certify and proclaim the results of the

said referendum.

 The requisites for local referendum, the manner of securing the

required number of signatures included, are the same as those
for local initiative.
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Certain safeguards against the repeal, modification or amendment of a

measure approved through the system of initiative and referendum are
provided in the Implementing Rules. The first sentence of Rule 152 prohibits
the repeal, modification or amendment of any proposition or ordinance
approved through the system of initiative and referendum by the sanggunian
concerned within 6 months from the date of approval thereof.

The courts may, however, declare as null and void any proposition or
ordinance approved through initiative and referendum if such proposition or
ordinance violates the Constitution or if it is not within the capacity of the
sanggunian concerned to enact.

This is the end of a rather long lesson on local legislation

and the supporting or accompanying system of local referendum.
Take a break. You deserve one after having been so deeply
engrossed in the lesson.

After the lull, you are now refreshed to deal with the activity and tackle
the self- assessment questions.

Assessment
Questions
Modified True or False. Answer True if the statement is correct. If
the statement is false, underline the word or phrase that makes the statement
wrong and write the word or phrase that will make it correct.

___________________ 1. Two propositions may be submitted in a single

initiative.
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___________________ 2. Only registered voters may sign a petition

proposing the adoption, enactment, repeal or
amendment of an ordinance.
___________________ 3. The election registrar’s decision on the
genuineness and authenticity of the signatures is
appealable to the Comelec.
___________________ 4. A proposition which fails to obtain the number
of required signatures is defeated.
___________________ 5. Local initiative may be exercised more than
once a year.
___________________ 6. The local referendum is under the control and
direction of the sanggunian.
___________________ 7. The Comelec certifies and proclaims the results
of the referendum.
___________________ 8. A proposition or ordinance passed through
initiative may not be repealed, modified or
amended by the sanggunian within six (6)
months from the date of approval thereof.
___________________ 9. The courts may declare as null and void any
proposition or ordinance approved through
initiative and referendum if such proposition or
ordinance violates the Constitution.
___________________ 10. A proposition takes effect 15 days only after it
is approved by a majority of the votes cast for
the purpose.

Activity
1
This activity is an exercise on the conduct of local initiative,
which you have familiarized yourself with earlier.

Secure a copy of a local legislation enacted, adopted, repealed

or amended directly through initiative from the local COMELEC office or
sanggunian of your municipality, city or province. Record the steps the
legislation went through.

Be ready to report your findings in the class next

meeting/session.
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Summary
This is the end of an interesting unit on local government legislation.
You may now share your knowledge on local legislation by conducting a
seminar or training on local legislation for members of your sangguniang
barangay.