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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Combine Variation
Mathematics – Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Combine variation
First Edition, 2020

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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Combine Variation
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module is an instrumental material to be used by the learners in
the Public Schools. It is an initiative way to cope-with the goals of
continuing the education despite of the present situation.
It contains nine learning stages; each lesson always starts with the
presentation of Mathematical Concepts. From there the lesson
progresses through various well- rounded mathematical exercises.
The content of these exercises has been structured to suit not only
the age level of the learner but also his experiences at home and
in school. What the learner learned in the previous stages were
reinforced by the next stage. And the last stage is the Reflection,
this is a wall were learners will write his understanding about the
lesson.
As facilitator, you are expected to impart the learners on how to
use this module. It is also expected to track and record learners’
progress while allowing them to manage on their own pace. Lastly,
you are expected to guide and assist the learners as they engaged
the exercises in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Mathematics Self-Learning Module on Combine
Variation.
This module was pattern to help you, learners, to achieve better
learning outcome and become prepared for the next grade level.
This is an approach that allows you leaners to express and solve
mathematical problems in a meaningful and easiest way.

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 Lesson

4 Combine Variation

Let Us Learn!
In this lesson, we will be given clear explanations as to when can
we apply the concept of direct variation in solving problems.
• Defines combined variation
• Translates into combined variation statement a
relationship between two quantities given mathematical
equation and vice versa.
• Solve problems involving combined variation.

➢ Combined Variation described a situation where a variable depends on

two or more other variables, and one varies directly, with some of them
varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held
constant)
➢ When a direct & inverse happen at the same time it is called combined
variation.
𝑘𝑥
➢ The statement “z varies directly as x and inversely as y” means z = or
𝑦
𝑧𝑦
k= , where k is the constant of variation.
𝑥
➢ To find k in a combined variation, use the same strategy as in solving k
in direct or indirect variation.

Let Us Try!

Direction: Match the relationship statement from column A to

its equation in column B. Write the letter before the number.

A B
____1. x varies inversely with y a. d = kr
____2. z varies jointly with x and y b. y = kzx2
𝑘
____3. d varies directly with r c. x = 𝑦

____4. y varies inversely with the square of x. d. z = kxy

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____5.y varies jointly with z and the square of x e. x = ky
𝑘
f. y =
𝑥2

Let Us Study

Combined variation is another physical relationship among variables.

This is the kind of variation that involves both the direct and inverse
variations.

For example, the sales of a product may be directly proportional to the

amount of money spent on advertising the product, but inversely proportional
to the price of the product.

Example 1:
Translating statement into mathematical equation using k as
the constant of variation.

a. T varies directly as a and inversely as b.

𝑘𝑎
T =
𝑏

b. Y varies directly as x and inversely as the square of z.

𝑘𝑥
Y=
𝑧2

Example 2:
If y varies directly with x and inversely with z, and y = 25 when
x = 10 and z = 2, find y when x = 18 and z = 9.

Step 1: Write the general form of combined variation

𝑥
𝑦 =𝑘𝑧
Step 2: Plug in the given values of x, y, z to solve for k.
(y = 25, x = 10, z = 2)
10
25 = 𝑘 2
Step 3: Apply the properties of equality to find the value of k.
10
25 = 𝑘 2
10
2[25 = 𝑘 ]2 Multiply 2 to both sides
2
50 10
= 𝑘 10 Divide both sides by 10
10
5 = k or k = 5 Simplify.

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Hence the general equation is
𝑥
𝑦 = 5𝑧

Step 4: Plug in the variable x = 18 and z = 9 to find the value of y.

𝑥
𝑦 = 5𝑧
18
𝑦=5 reduce the fraction to lowest term
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𝑦 = 5(2) multiply
y = 10

Example 3:
In a Camp the number of girls (g) varies directly as the number
of boys (b) and inversely as the number of teachers (t). When there were 25
girls, there were 10 boys and 2 teachers. How many girls were there when
there were 18 boys and 9 teachers?
This problem is an example of combined variation.
Let g = be the no. of girls b = be the no. of boys t = be the no.
of teachers

The problem can be stated to: g varies directly as b and inversely as t.

If g = 25 when b = 10 and t = 2. Find the value of g when b = 18 and t = 9.
Solution:
Find the value of k
Step 1: Write the general 𝑏
𝑔= 𝑘
equation of combined variation 𝑡
Step 2: Plug in the given values 10
25 = 𝑘
of g, b, t to find the value of k 2
10
2 [25 = 𝑘 ]2
2
50= 𝑘(10)
Step 3: Solve for the value of k
50 𝑘(10)
=
10 10
k=5
𝑏
The general equation is g = 5 𝑡

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 Step 4: Plug in the values of b = 18
𝑔=5
18, t = 9 and k = 5 to solve for g. 9
g = 5(2)
Step 5: Simplify
g = 10
Conclusion ∴ 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑒 10 𝑔𝑖𝑟𝑙𝑠 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒 18 𝑏𝑜𝑦𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 9 𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑠

Let Us Practice
Direction: Fill in the box with the correct values to make the
solution correct.

If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 22 when x = 4 and z = 6,

Find y when x = 10 and z = 25.

Step 1: Write the general equation of combined variation.

y=

Step 2: Plug in the given values of x, y, z to solve for k.

x=4 y = 22 z = 6

22= 𝑘

Step 3: Apply the properties of equality to find the value of k.

4
22 = k6
132 = 4k

k =

Step 4: Plug in the variable x = 10 and z = 25 to find the value of y.

10
y = 33
25

66
y=
5

y=

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 Let Us Practice More

A. Direction: Match the relationship statement from column A

to its equation in column B. Write the letter before the number.

A B
𝑘𝑥
____1. p varies directly as t and inversely as a. y = 𝑧
𝑘𝑡
the square of s b. p = 𝑠
𝑘𝑡
____2. y varies directly as x and inversely as z c. p = 𝑠2
𝑘𝑦 3
____3. x varies directly as 𝑦 2 and inversely as z d. x =
√𝑧
𝑘 √𝑢
____4. s varies directly as √𝑢 and inversely as r e. s = 𝑟
𝑘𝑦 2
____5. x varies directly as 𝑦 3 and inversely as√𝑧 f. x = 𝑧
𝑘𝑝
____6. The number of girls g varied directly as the g. s = 𝑡
𝑘𝑏
number of boys b and inversely as the h. g = 𝑡
𝑘𝑔
number of teachers t i. b = 𝑤2
𝑘𝑠
____7. Blues b varied directly as greens g and j. r = ℎ
𝑘𝑔
inversely as whites w squared k. h = 𝑑2

____8. Horses h varied directly as goats g and

inversely as dog d squared.
____9. Strawberries s varied jointly as plums p
and tomatoes t.
____10. The number of rabbits r varied directly
as the number of squirrels s and inversely
as the number of hare h.

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 B. Direction: Solve for the unknown variable. Show your complete
solution.

If y varies directly with x and inversely with z:

1. If y = 5 when x = 6 and z = 3, find y when x = 24 and z = 15.

2. If y = 12 when x = 4 and z = 3, find y when x = 8 and z = 9.

3. If y = 4 when x = 1 and z = 2, find the value of x = 1 and z = 4.

Let Us Remember

Combined Variation described a situation where a variable

depends on two or more other variables, and one varies
directly, with some of them varies inversely with others

The statement “z varies directly as x and inversely as y” means

𝑘𝑥 𝑧𝑦
z= or k = , where k is the constant of variation.
𝑦 𝑥

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 Let Us Assess

Solve for the value of the constant of variation k, then find the
missing value.

1. If z varies directly as x and inversely as y, and z = 9 when x = 6 and y

= 2, find z when x = 8 and y = 12

2. If y varies directly with x and inversely as with z and y = 23 when x =

10 and z = 2, find y when x = 18 and z = 9.

3. If y varies directly with x and inversely with z, and y = 12 when x = 100

and z = 25, find y when x = 36 and z = 12.

4. Suppose r varies directly as s and inversely as u, and r = 2, when s =

18 and u =2, find r when u = 3 and s = 27.

5. The current C varies directly as the electromotive force F and inversely

as the resistance R. If in a system a current of 20 amperes flows through
a resistance of 20 ohms with an electromotive force of 100 volts, find
the current C that 150 volts will send through the system.

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 Let Us Enhance

A. Using k as the constant of variation, write the equation of

variation for each of the given relationship.

1. y varies directly as x and inversely as z.

2. u varies directly as v and inversely as w.
3. The pressure P of a gas varies directly as its temperature t and
inversely as its volume V.
4. The number of hours h that it takes m men to assemble x machines
varies directly as the number of machines and inversely as the
number of men.
5. The acceleration A of a moving object varies directly as the distance
d it travels and inversely as the square of the time t it travels.

B. Find an equation of combined variation, then solve for the missing

value.

1. The volume V of gas varies directly as the temperature T and

inversely as the pressure P. If the volume is 230 cubic
centimeters when the temperature is 300ºK and the pressure
is 20 pounds per square centimeter, what is the volume when
the temperature is 270 ºK and the pressure is 30 pounds per square
centimeter?

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Let Us Reflect

How does combined variation different from

the other types of variation?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

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 10
Let Us
Enhance
A.
𝑘𝑥
1. y= 𝑧 Let Us Assess Let Us Practice
𝑘𝑣 1. k=3, z = 2 More
2. u= 𝑤 5
𝑘𝑡
2. k = 5, y = 10 B. 1. k = 2
3. p= 𝑣 3. k = 3, y = 9
𝑘𝑥 2 y=4
4. h = 𝑚
4. k = 9, r = 2 2. k = 9
𝑘𝑑 5. 30 amperes y=8
5. A = 𝑡 2
3. k = 8
B. y=2
1.138 cubic
cm.
Let Us Practice
More
A. 1. c
2. a
3. f
Let Us Let Us Try
4. e
Practice
5. d 𝑘𝑥 1. c
6. h 1. y =
𝑧 2. d
7. i 4
2. 3. a
6
8. k 4. f
3. k=33
9. g 4. y=13.2 5. b
10. j
Answer key to Activities
 References

Department of Education. Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’s Module. Pages 220 - 222

Nivera, G.C., Lapinid, M.R.C. (2013) Grade 9 Mathematic, Patterns and
Practicalities. Salesiana Books, Don Bosco Press Inc. Makati City
Philippines. Pages148 – 150
Homeworklib.com. (2020). The Volume V Of A Fixed Amount Of A Gas Varies
Directly As The temperature T... - Homeworklib. [online] Retrieved from:
<https://www.homeworklib.com/questions/1498039/the-volume-v-of-a-
fixed-amount-of-a-gas-varies> [Accessed 28 October 2020].

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Tagum City

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Office Address: Energy Park, Apokon, Tagum City, 8100

Telefax: (084) 216-3504