Answer -1

Load VS Extension Graphs

0.02% Steel

Load VS ext ensi on

3000 Series1 Series2

2500

2000

1500
Load

1000

500

0
5 1 8 0 3 5 5 5 3 0 7 0 5 8 8 0 1 0 5 51 2 3 01 4 0 51 5 8 01 7 5 51 9 3 02 1 0 52 2 8 02 4 5 5
Extension

0.18% C Steel

70

60

50

40
LOAD

30

20

10

0
0.0052 1.40976 2.81433 4.21889 5.62345 7.02801 8.43257 9.83713 11.241712.64626

EXTENSION
0.41% C Steel

100
90
80
70
60
LOAD

50
40
30
20
10
0
EXTENSION

0.54% C Steel

120

100

80
LOAD

60

40

20

0
0.00453 1.15855 2.31257 3.46659 4.62061 5.77463 6.92865 8.08268 9.2367 10.39072
EXTENSION
3% C Steel

25

20

15
LOAD

10

0
0 31 63 94 25 57 88 19 51 82 13 44 76 07 38 97 01 32 63 79
1 2 3 5 6 7 9 0 1 3 4 5 7 8 6 1 2 3 4
07 14 21 28 35 42 49 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 1.0 .14 .21 .28 .35
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1 1 1 1

EXTENSION

ANSWER -2
Engg. Stress vs Engg. Strain Graphs

0.02% C Steel

Engg. Stress vs Engg. Strain

120
100
80
Engg. Stress

60
40
20
0
2 112 222 332 442 552 662 772 882 992 1102121213221432154216521762187219822092220223122422

Engg. Strain

Series1 Series2
0.18% C Steel

600

500

400
Engg Stress(MPa)

300

200

100

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Engg Strain

0.41% C Steel

Engg Stress(MPa) - Engg Strain

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
0.0011988
0.54% C Steel

engg stress strain

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0.002181

3% C Steel

engg stress strain

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
285 426 567 708 849 990 131 272 413 554 695 836 977 118 259 400 541 682 823
2 3 4 5 6 7 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 0 1 2
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
Answer -3

True Stress vs True Strain Graphs

0.02% C Steel
True Stress - True Strain Curve
1200000

1000000
True Stress(MPa)

800000

600000

400000

200000

0
0.01995340024309332.66862679754195 3.32576071487685 3.7189273066538
True Strain

0.18% C Steel

True Stress-True Strain

700

600
500
True Stress(MPa)

400
300
200

100
0
0.0002079783709991550.0858875624131842 0.164801981350426
True Strain
0.41 % C Steel

True Stress(MPa) - True Strain

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
0.0001987802418985070.0664923611484419 0.128663187117659 0.187194000470878

0.54 % C Steel

True Stress(Mpa)-True Strain

1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0.0001809836214762990.0607507315113319 0.117860188235602 0.171883772154491
3 % C Steel

True Stress(MPa)-True Strain

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
63 72 45 73 38 99 55 66 92 57 89 73 32 42 56 24 25 58 71 41
109 199 944 440 476 255 107 552 695 490 007 307 548 034 522 815 526 746 688 427
82 88 37 33 88 32 14 02 41 75 98 13 56 93 75 81 96 27 99 94
933 136 887 165 288 892 314 632 537 625 995 955 746 572 635 754 511 357 589 818
15 10 32 36 25 73 39 16 27 03 42 47 50 51 50 44 42 42 27 13
285 017 031 455 597 .00 880 102 116 013 144 158 172 186 200 021 228 .02 256 270
0 .0 .0 0 0 0 00 .0 .0 0. .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 0. .0 0 .0 .0
00 0 0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.

Answer -4

K and n values
0.02% C Steel; n= 0.5253 , k= 1077.735

0.18% C Steel ; n=0.200384 , k= 801.724

0.41% C Steel ; n= 0.23177; k=1264.12494

0.54%C Steel : n= 0.18923; k= 1341.621471

3%C Steel : n=1.11961;k=11275.868436

Answer-5

0.1% offset Yield Strength: 455.8865872 MPa

0.2% offset Yield Strength: 446.7828048MPa

0.6% offset Elastic Strain : 0.011067MPa

0.02% c Steel

yield
1000
900
f(x) = 407.643312101911 x − 0.0360356687897365
800 R² = 1
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

0.18% C Steel
 Chart Title
250
f(x) = 86832.1498729332 x + 0.2913069178352
200 R² = 0.999898512287687

150

100

50

0
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003

0.41% C Steel

Chart Title
500
450
f(x) = 91772.3759063258 x + 0.226368250798657
400 R² = 0.99999162586805
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006
0.54 % C Steel

Chart Title
600
f(x) = 104830.170094198 x + 40.5274328483844
R² = 0.983822892748725
500

400

300

200

100

0
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006

3 % C Steel

Chart Title
180

160
f(x) = 7893.22537956383 x − 10.9813245464197
140 R² = 0.992319862739082
120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025

Answer-6
Details/ 0.02%C 0.18%C 0.41%C 0.54% 3%C
Mech Steel Steel Steel Steel Cast Iron
Propeties
Diameter 12.5mm 12.5mm 12.5mm 12.5mm 12.5mm
(mm)
Cross- 122.65625 122.65625 122.65625 122.65625 122.65625
sectional
area
(mm2)
Gauge 50 50 50 50 50
length
(mm)
Young's 16.064 86.832 91.772 104.830 7.8932
modulus
(GPa)
Proof 248.4454629 353.9247972 485.1677923 638.8980875 175.0734063
stress,
MPa
Working
load
Load at 30.03345 39.97844 54.6995 67.6995 21.05154
yield point
(N)
Yield 222.4896128 325.2205728 446.7828048 550.315568 166.6144015
strength
(MPa)
Maximum 46.02735 59.014 87.0079 98.226 21.66054
load (N)
Ultimate 375.254828 481.13325 709.364 800.8234395 176.595
tensile
strength
(MPa)
% 62 48 38 24 4
Elongation
% Area of 82.6944 65.8944 58.0096 44.6464 9.977856
reduction
Fracture 0.384572 0.26 0.248285 0.2261882 0.02664
strain
Work 0.523536 0.200384 0.23177 0.18923 1.11961
hardening
exponent
(n)
Fracture
toughness
Stiffness

Modulus 1.867064027904162 0.610537891 1.0870017225 1.444468302 1.885837896

of 9
resilience
Fracture
mode
Poisson’s 0.9419354839 0.8666666667 0.9263157895 1.066666666 1.28
ratio 7

Fracture
surfaces
(Sketch)