Manual Tga Analizer Thermogravimeter CHN2000 - V2-0 - 10-03

Version 2.
CHN-2000
ELEMENTAL
ANALYZER
CHN-2000 Instruction Manual
U.S. Patent #5236353, #5233308

Other patents are pending in
U.S.A. and other countries.
Form No. 200-627
October 2003
Minor program revisions may
not be reflected in this manual
©2003 LECO® Corporation.

Warranty
Equipment manufactured by LECO® Corporation, St. Joseph,

Michigan is warranted free from defect in material and
workmanship for a period of six months from the date of
installation. Equipment not manufactured by LECO® is covered
to the extent of warranty provided by the original manufacturer
and this warranty does not cover any equipment, new or used,
purchased from anyone other than the LECO® Corporation. All
replacement parts shall be covered under warranty for a period
of thirty days from date of purchase. LECO® MAKES NO OTHER
REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY OTHER KIND,
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE GOODS SOLD
HEREUNDER, WHETHER AS TO MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
FOR PURPOSE, OR OTHERWISE.
Expendable items such as crucibles, combustion tubes,
chemicals and items of like nature are not covered by this
warranty.
LECO®‘s sole obligation under this warranty shall be to repair or
replace any part or parts which, to our satisfaction, prove to be
defective upon return prepaid to LECO® Corporation, St.
Joseph, Michigan. This obligation does not include labor to
install replacement parts, nor does it cover any failure due to
accident, abuse, neglect, or use in disregard of instructions
furnished by LECO®. In no event shall damages for defective
goods exceed the purchase price of the goods, and LECO®
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGE WHATSOEVER.
All claims in regard to the parts or equipment must be made
within ten (10) days after Purchaser learns of the facts upon
which the claim is based. Authorization must be obtained from
LECO® prior to returning any other parts. This warranty is
voided by failure to comply with these notice requirements.
NOTICE
The warranty on LECO® equipment remains valid only when

genuine LECO® replacement parts are employed. Since LECO®
has no control over the quality or purity of consumable
products not manufactured by LECO®, the specifications for
accuracy of results using LECO® instruments are not
guaranteed unless genuine LECO® consumables are employed
in conjunction with LECO® instruments. If purchaser defaults in
making payment for any parts or equipment, this warranty
shall be void and shall not apply to such parts and equipment.
No late payment or cure of default in payment shall extend the
warranty period provided herein.
LECO® Corporation is not responsible for damage to any
associated instruments, equipment or apparatus; nor will
Introduction 1-2 CHN-2000

LECO® be held liable for loss of profit or other special damages
resulting from abuse, neglect, or use in disregard of
instructions. The Buyer, their employees, agents and
successors in interest assume all risks and liabilities for the
operation, use and/or misuse of the product(s) described herein
and agree to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the seller
from any and all claims and actions arising from any cause
whatsoever, including seller’s negligence for personal injury
incurred in connection with the use of said product(s) and any
and all damages proximately resulting therefrom.
CAUTION
Only technically qualified individuals, who have fully read and

understand these instructions, should operate the instrument.
The instrument should be operated only in accordance with
these instructions.
The operator should follow all of the warnings and cautions set
forth in the manual and the operator should follow and employ
all applicable standard laboratory safety procedures.
LECO® is a registered trademark of the LECO® Corporation.
CHN-2000 1-3 Introduction

Warning and Caution Symbols
The following symbols may be found on LECO® equipment or

their components. These symbols indicate the use of specific
safety guidelines. Important safety information is highlighted in
this manual by one of the following symbols as well as
WARNING and CAUTION statements. Operator and service
personnel must follow these instructions for personal safety and
to prevent damage to the equipment.
This symbol indicates a risk of electrical shock. Refer to the

manual for specific instructions.
This symbol indicates a high temperature surface. Refer to the

This symbol indicates a caution and you must refer to the

• LECO equipment should be operated only by technically
qualified individuals who have fully read and understand the
instructions detailed in this manual. The equipment should
be operated only in accordance with these instructions.
• The operator should follow all of the warnings and cautions
set forth in this manual and the operator should follow and
employ all applicable standard laboratory safety procedures.

Interference to Other Devices
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the
limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules and Regulations. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause interference to
radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct
the interference by one or more of the following methods:
• Reorient or relocate the radio or television receiving
antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and the
radio or television receiver.
• Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different
from that which the radio or television receiver is currently
connected.
• Consult the radio or television dealer or an experienced
radio/TV technician for help.

Declaration of Conformity

Table of Contents
1 Introduction
Warranty..........................................................................1-2
Warning and Caution Symbols..............................................1-4
Interference to Other Devices ..............................................1-5
Declaration of Conformity....................................................1-6
Table of Contents ..............................................................1-7
Major Equipment and Accessories List ...................................1-13
Additional Operating Supplies ..............................................1-17
Options ............................................................................1-18
Specifications....................................................................1-19
Software Level Updates ......................................................1-22
2 Installation
System Installation ............................................................2-3

Reagent Tubes ..................................................................2-7
External Keyboard .............................................................2-9
Crucible and Lance Installation.............................................2-10
Printer .............................................................................2-11
Printer Settings .................................................................2-15
Side Panel Installation ........................................................2-16
Carousel Installation...........................................................2-18
3 Option Installation
Data Transmit Kit ..............................................................3-3

ASCII Character Definition Table ..........................................3-5
Transmission Methods ........................................................3-6
Hex Dump ........................................................................3-7
Analyzer Cabinet ...............................................................3-11
Balance............................................................................3-12
Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool.........................................3-16

4 System Setup
Controls and Indicators.......................................................4-3

Initial Power-Up and Log-In .................................................4-5
System Overview...............................................................4-9
System Check...................................................................4-16
System Setup ...................................................................4-19
5 Operation
Analyze Menu....................................................................5-3
Method Menu ....................................................................5-14
Security Protection.............................................................5-19
Calibrate Menu ..................................................................5-21
Reports Menu....................................................................5-42
Wake-Up Menu..................................................................5-57
Weight List from Disk .........................................................5-59
Errors, Warnings and Notices...............................................5-61
6 Maintenance
Furnace Combustion Tube Removal and Replacement ..............6-3

Combustion Furnace Tube Packing ........................................6-6
Catalyst Heater Tube Removal .............................................6-8
Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking ...........................................6-10
Aliquot Dosing Valve...........................................................6-12
Sliding Block, Loading Head, and Sample Drop Block................6-14
Bubble Particle Filter Removal and Repacking .........................6-17
Disposable Particle Filter Replacement ...................................6-18
Reagent Tube Removal .......................................................6-19
Reagent Tube Packing ........................................................6-20
Carousel Adjustment ..........................................................6-21
Maintenance Intervals ........................................................6-26
Periodic Maintenance Schedule .............................................6-28

7 Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation ...........................................................7-3
Thermal Conductivity Detection............................................7-5
Infrared Radiation Detection ................................................7-7
Calibration........................................................................7-9
Curves and Intercepts ........................................................7-10
8 Diagnostics
Helium, Ballast, and Combustion Leak Checks.........................8-3

I/O Diagnostics .................................................................8-5
Furnace Diagnostics...........................................................8-7
Furnace Calibration ............................................................8-9
Furnace Commands............................................................8-12
Printer Diagnostics.............................................................8-18
9 Electronics Adjustments
Power Supply Unit .............................................................9-3

5 Volt Supply ....................................................................9-4
Other Voltage Supplies .......................................................9-5
±15 Volt Supply ................................................................9-6
IR Cell Adjustment .............................................................9-7
IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card..........................................9-9
TC Cell Adjustment ............................................................9-11
Furnace Controller Card Adjustment ......................................9-13
10 Service
Computer Troubleshooting...................................................10-3
Initializing the CPU.............................................................10-8
Flow Analysis ....................................................................10-14
Flow System Troubleshooting...............................................10-20
11 Illustrations (page 1-10)

11 Illustrations
Figure 1-1 .............. CHN-2000 Elemental Analyzer.................1-12

Figure 2-1 .............. Wiring Diagrams ...................................2-4
Figure 2-2 .............. CHN-2000 Elemental Analyzer
with Printer and Optional Cart .................2-5
Figure 2-3 .............. Facility Requirements ............................2-6
Figure 2-4 .............. Reagent Tube Removal ..........................2-7
Figure 2-5 .............. Reagent Tube Packing............................2-8
Figure 2-6 .............. Crucible and Lance Installation................2-10
Figure 2-7 .............. Loading the Paper .................................2-13
Figure 2-8 .............. Ribbon Cartridge Installation...................2-13
Figure 2-9 .............. Side Panel Installation ...........................2-17
Figure 3-1 .............. Analyzer Electronics Chassis – Rear View ..3-4
Figure 3-2 .............. Analyzer Cabinet Installation...................3-11
Figure 3-3 .............. Balance Control Panel ............................3-15
Figure 3-4 .............. Balance Assembly .................................3-15
Figure 3-5 .............. Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool ............3-18
Figure 4-1 .............. Controls and Indicators ..........................4-4
Figure 5-1 .............. Sample Preparation...............................5-5
Figure 5-2 .............. View Calibration Result Screen Definitions .5-33
Figure 5-3 .............. Statistics Printouts................................5-50
Figure 6-1 .............. Combustion Furnace..............................6-5
Figure 6-2 .............. Combustion Tube Packing.......................6-7
Figure 6-3 .............. Catalyst Heater Tube Removal.................6-9
Figure 6-4 .............. Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking ..............6-11
Figure 6-5 .............. Aliquot Dosing Valve Assembly ................6-13
Figure 6-6 .............. Sliding Block, Loading Head,
and Sample Drop Block..........................6-16
Figure 6-7 .............. Bubble Particle Filter and
Disposable Filter Location .......................6-17
Figure 6-10............. Sliding Block Positions............................6-23
Figure 6-11............. Driver Lever Adjustment ........................6-23

Figure 6-12............. Sample Carousel Bottom View.................6-24
Figure 6-13............. Carousel Positions Adjustment ................6-25
Figure 7-1 .............. Gas Flow Diagram.................................7-6
Figure 9-1 .............. Power Supply Assembly .........................9-3
Figure 9-2 .............. CPU Card.............................................9-4
Figure 9-3 .............. IR Cell Preamplifier Card ........................9-8
Figure 9-4 .............. IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card .............9-10
Figure 9-5 .............. TC Cell Assembly and Preamplifier Card ....9-12
Figure 9-6 .............. Furnace Controller Card .........................9-14
Figure 10-1............. Gas Flow Diagram.................................10-30
Figure 11-1............. Analyzer - Left Side View........................11-3
Figure 11-2............. Analyzer - Right Side View......................11-4
Figure 11-3............. H2 0 IR Cell...........................................11-5
Figure 11-4............. CO2 IR Cell...........................................11-6
Figure 11-5............. Solenoid Drive Panel Assembly ................11-7
Figure 11-6............. Ballast Tank and Pinch Valve Assembly .....11-8
Figure 11-7............. Aliquot Dosing Valve Assembly ................11-9
Figure 11-8............. TC Cell Assembly – Exploded View ...........11-10
Figure 11-9............. Analyzer Partial Right Side View
With Ballast Removed ............................11-11
Figure 11-10 ........... 606-649 Solenoid Valve .........................11-12
Figure 11-12 ........... 771-114 Pressure Regulator....................11-13
Figure 11-14 ........... Touchscreen Display – Exploded View.......11-14
Figure 11-15 ........... Helium Bulkhead Assembly .....................11-15
Figure 11-16 ........... TC Cell Exhaust Manifold Assembly...........11-16
Figure 11-17 ........... Pneumatic Regulator Assembly ................11-17
Figure 11-18 ........... Pressure Transducer Assembly ................11-18
Table 3-1 ............... Interface Cable Pin Assignments..............3-4

Table 7-1 ............... Thermal Conductivity of Gases ................7-8
Table 10-1.............. Valve State Posistions............................10-29

CHN-2000 ELEMENTAL ANALYZER
FIGURE 1-1

Major Equipment and Accessories List
Items listed below and repeated throughout the manual are subject to revision.
Please consult the packing slip received with the instrument.
CHN-2000P Elemental Analyzer Package:

1 601-480-110 Printer Kit consisting of:
1 601-480 Printer
1 601-481 Paper Tray
1 601-483 Paper
1 601-484 Printer Ribbon Cartridge
1 603-595 Printer Cable
1 601-800-900 CHN-2000 CE Elemental Analyzer
1 200-627 Instruction Manual
1 783-497 34 Sample Stackable Carousel
1 601-890-070 Component Pack consisting of:
4 190-948 Screw
4 193-112 Flat Washer
1 608-268 Left Handle
1 608-269 Right Handle
1 608-285 Keyboard Tray
1 608-898 Receptacle Cover
1 609-785 Keyboard
1 616-147 Lance Tube Assembly
1 616-222 DOS Software
1 762-458 Connector Nut
1 765-978 30 Amp Receptacle
1 775-303 Helium Connector
1 780-485 Compressed Air Connector
4 783-591 Cork Pad
1 616-137 Accessory Pack consisting of:
1 501-241 Silicone Grease (5.3 oz.)
1 501-427 Combustion Liquid
1 501-609 Furnace Reagent
2 501-614 Spatula
5 501-618 Syringe (3cc)
5 501-625 Needle (18ga.)
1 502-007 Tube Cleaner
1 502-008 Tin Plug
1 502-040 Tin Capsule
1 502-049 Catalyst Reagent
1 502-092 EDTA Calibration sample
5 502-186 Tin Foil Sample Cup
1 502-295 Copper Turnings
1 502-304 Copper Sticks
1 503-032 Glass Scoop
1 529-055 Crucible (50/pkg)
1 601-437 Catalyst Tube
2 601-442 O-ring (Catalyst Heater Top Block and Top Lance Seal)
2 601-504 O-ring (Sample Drop Block)
1 601-691-036 Flexible Tubing (3 feet)

1 604-373 Sample Holder Cup (Large)
1 604-378 Tweezers
2 608-379 Quartz Wool Strip
1 616-108 Combustion Furnace Tube
4 616-138 O-ring (Combustion Tube)
2 616-139 O-ring (Heater Block secondary side of Furnace)
1 616-146 Lance Tube
1 616-152 Assembly Crucible Extractor Tool
1 616-529 Vacuum Grease
5 761-651 O-ring
1 761-929 Curved Tongs (Extractor Tool)
1 763-265 Glass Wool
2 768-980 Particle Filter
1 771-030 Bubble Filter Tube
10 772-520 O-ring (Reagent Tube Blocks)
2 775-306 Secondary Filter Tool
1 775-307 Thumb Screw
2 775-601 Reagent Tube
2 778-116 O-ring (Ballast Piston)
2 778-120 Ballast Gasket
1 778-321 Lance Extraction Tool
1 780-831 O-ring (Inner Lance Holder)
1 780-899 Ceramic Stop
1 789-414 Wool Extractor Tool
1 607-750** Hazardous Material Pack consisting of:
1 501-171 Anhydrone (1 lb.)
1 502-174 Lecosorb (500 g)
** Packed and shipped separately in the U.S.A. Not included with international shipments due to shipping
restrictions. These items are essential for operation. Contact your local LECO distributor for quotation and
delivery.

CHN-2000I Elemental Analyzer Package consists of:
1 601-800-600 CHN-2000 Elemental Analyzer
1 200-627 Instruction Manual
1 783-497 34 Sample Stackable Carousel
1 601-860-070 Component Pack consisting of:
4 190-948 Screw
4 193-112 Flat Washer
1 608-268 Left Handle
1 608-269 Right Handle
1 608-285 Keyboard Tray
1 608-330 Furnace Cap
1 608-898 Receptacle Cover
1 609-785 Keyboard
1 611-118 DOS 6.22
1 762-458 Connector Nut
1 765-978 30 Amp Receptacle
1 775-303 Helium Connector
1 780-485 Compressed Air Connector
1 783-193 Heating Element Assembly
4 783-591 Cork Pad
1 783-897 O-ring
1 611-298-110 Printer Kit consisting of:
1 601-481 Paper Tray
1 601-483 Paper
1 601-484 Printer Ribbon Cartridge
1 603-595 Printer Cable
1 611-298 Printer
1 616-137 Accessory Pack consisting of:
1 501-241 Silicone Grease (5.3 oz.)
1 501-427 Combustion Liquid
1 501-609 Furnace Reagent
2 501-614 Spatula
5 501-618 Syringe (3cc)
5 501-625 Needle (18ga.)
1 502-007 Tube Cleaner
1 502-008 Tin Plug
1 502-040 Tin Capsule
1 502-049 Catalyst Reagent
1 502-092 EDTA Calibration sample
5 502-186 Tin Foil Sample Cup
1 502-295 Copper Turnings
1 502-034 Copper Sticks
1 503-032 Glass Scoop
1 529-055 Crucible (50/pkg)
1 601-437 Catalyst Tube
2 601-442 O-ring (Catalyst Heater Top Block and Top Lance Seal)
2 601-504 O-ring (Sample Drop Block)
1 601-691-036 Flexible Tubing (3 feet)
1 604-378 Tweezers
1 608-341 Crucible Extractor Tool

2 608-379 Quartz Wool Strip
1 616-108 Combustion Furnace Tube
4 616-138 O-ring (Combustion Tube)
2 616-139 O-ring (Heater Block Secondary Side of Furnace)
1 616-146 Lance Tube
1 616-152 Assembly Crucible Extractor Tool
1 616-529 Vacuum Grease
5 761-651 O-ring (Reagent Tube)
1 761-929 Curved Tongs (Extractor Tool)
1 763-265 Glass Wool
2 768-980 Particle Filter
1 771-030 Bubble Filter Tube
10 772-520 O-ring
2 775-306 Secondary Filter Tool
1 775-307 Thumb Screw
2 775-601 Reagent Tube
2 778-116 O-ring (Ballast Piston)
2 778-120 Ballast Gasket
1 778-321 Lance Extraction Tool
1 780-831 O-ring (Inner Lance Holder)
1 780-899 Ceramic Stop
1 789-414 Wool Extractor Tool
1 607-750** Hazardous Material Pack consisting of:
1 501-171 Anhydrone (1 lb.)
1 502-174 Lecosorb (500 g)
** Packed and shipped separately in the U.S.A. Not included with international shipments due to shipping
restrictions. These items are essential for operation. Contact your local LECO distributor for quotation and
delivery.

Additional Operating Supplies
501-081..............................................Glass Wool (1 lb.)

501-171..............................................Anhydrone (1 lb.)
501-241..............................................Silicone Grease (5.3 oz.)
501-427..............................................Combustion Aid (1 lb.)
501-609..............................................Furnace Reagent (100 g)
501-621..............................................Copper Turnings (200 g)
502-007..............................................Tube Cleaner
502-008..............................................Tin Plugs (150/btl)
502-040..............................................Tin Capsules (100/btl)
502-049..............................................N Catalyst Reagent (50 g)
502-092..............................................EDTA Calibration Sample (50 g)
502-141..............................................Tungsten Oxide Accelerator (10 g)
502-174..............................................Lecosorb (500 g)
502-181..............................................Tungsten Trioxide (60 g)
502-186..............................................Tin Foil Cups (100/pkg)
502-189..............................................Copper Sticks (100 g)
502-295..............................................Copper Turnings (100 g)
601-483..............................................Printer Paper (500 sheets)
601-484..............................................Printer Ribbon
608-379..............................................Quartz Wool Strips (10/pkg)
616-529..............................................Vacuum Grease

Options
501-291..............................................Oxygen Pressure Regulator

601-490-110........................................Foiler
601-990..............................................Bar Code Reader
604-492..............................................Quick Sampler
606-611-110........................................Balance Interface Kit*
606-646..............................................Mettler Balance Support Kit
606-646-110........................................Mettler Balance Support PC Kit
607-750..............................................Anhydrone/Lecorsorb Pack
608-202 .............................................Cabinet Base
608-203..............................................Printer Stand
609-187..............................................Data Transmit Cable
610-610..............................................CC-100 Carbonate Carbon Analyzer
616-143..............................................Accessory Pack for 1000 Samples
616-310..............................................Vacuum Attachment
751-300-110........................................Four-place Balance (only)
751-300-150........................................Four-place Balance with PC Interface Kit
764-216..............................................Helium, Nitrogen Regulator
766-036..............................................Compressed Air Regulator
783-497..............................................34 Sample Stackable Carousel
* Includes 609-190 Balance Interconnect Cable

Specifications
Range* (based on a 0.200g sample)

Carbon................................................0.01% min. - 100% max.
Hydrogen ............................................0.01% min. - 50.0% max.
Nitrogen ..............................................0.01% min. - 50% max.
Accuracy
Carbon................................................1 Sigma 0.001; RSD 0.3
Hydrogen ............................................1 Sigma 0.01; RSD 0.8
Nitrogen ..............................................1 Sigma 0.01; RSD 0.3
Analysis Time
Carbon................................................200 seconds
Hydrogen ............................................200 seconds
Nitrogen ..............................................240 seconds
Calibration.........................................Standard Samples
Chemical Reagents.............................Anhydrous Magnesium Perchlorate,

Sodium Hydroxide on an inert base,
Copper Metal, N-Catalyst
Nominal Sample Weight .....................0.200 grams
Detection Methods
Carbon, Hydrogen .................................Infrared Absorption
Nitrogen ..............................................Thermal Conductivity
Furnace Type .....................................Resistance
* The values given reflect the measuring capability of the system. Variations in blank, inconsistency in
burns and operator technique determine the lower limit of the useful range of the overall system in a
given installation. Generally, reducing sample size can extend range.

Gas Required
Carrier gas...........................................Helium, 99.9% pure, 40 psi (2.8 kg/cm2 )
±10%
Combustion Gas ...................................Oxygen, 99.9% pure, 40 psi (2.8 kg/ cm2 )
±10%
Pneumatic Gas .....................................Compressed Air, source must be oil and
water free, 40 psi (2.8 kg/ cm2 ) ±10%
Oxygen is NOT recommended for use in the pneumatic systems of LECO®

instruments.
Regulators Required
Compressed Air ....................................0-125 psi, CGA 346, 13/16 - 14 Male R.H.
Helium................................................0-125 psi, CGA 580, 15/16 - 14 Female
R.H.
Oxygen ...............................................0-125 psi, CGA 540, 7/8 - 14 Male R.H.
Temperature
Range .................................................0o C - 1000o C
Set Point Accuracy................................±1% of set point
Heat-up Time .......................................Approximately 30 minutes from room
temperature
Flat Panel Display

Type...................................................Electroluminescent with touchscreen
interface
Size....................................................7.676 inches x 4.796 inches (195 mm x
122 mm)
Resolution ...........................................640 x 400 pixels
Viewing Angle.......................................> 120o
Data Storage Devices .........................40 MB Hard Drive (minimum),

1.44 MB Floppy Drive
Electrical Power Requirements ...........230 VAC ±10%, 50/60 Hz, 25 amps

maximum, 6 amps. at idle

Operating Temperature ......................15o C - 35o C
Storage Capacity ................................150 ID Codes, 200 Sample Weights,

32,000 Results
Weight...............................................Approximately 330 pounds
Analyzer Dimensions
Height ............................................31.0 inches (79 cm)
Width.............................................27.0 inches (69 cm)
Depth ............................................25.0 inches (64 cm)
Cabinet Dimensions
Height ............................................25.0 inches (64 cm)
Width.............................................27.0 inches (69 cm)
Depth ............................................24.0 inches (62 cm)
Printer Dimensions
Height ............................................16.5 inches (42 cm)
Width.............................................16.5 inches (42 cm)
Depth ............................................16.0 inches (41 cm)

Software Level Updates
A major portion of CHN-2000 functions are defined and

controlled by software, which may be updated. Most updates do
not affect physical design of the instrument, but can improve
performance and make operation easier.
A 2-digit version number identifies software changes in all
LECO® microprocessor based instruments. The first release of a
program is always 1.0.
Each minor change adds an increment of 1 to the right digit,
i.e. 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, etc. Each major change adds an increment of
1 to the left digit and changes the right digit to 0, i.e. 2.0, 3.0,
4.0, etc.
Software updates are accomplished using a program update
disk. The update procedure is described at right.
• Some software will have a 3-digit version number (i.e. 1.01,
Notes: 2.23). The right hand digit is for internal use only.
• Before performing any software update, be sure to printout
all constants screens. Sometimes, new updates have
system files that are incompatible with the current version
and all the defaults will be restored with the update.
Software Update Procedure
1. While the instrument is operating enter CTRL X and exit to

DOS. The DOS prompt will be displayed.
2. Insert the Software Update disk into the Floppy Drive.
3. At the DOS prompt type A:INSTALL and press enter.
Follow the instructions displayed on the screen. The
software will be automatically updated.

2 Installation
System Installation ............................................................2-3

Reagent Tubes ..................................................................2-7
External Keyboard .............................................................2-9
Crucible and Lance Installation.............................................2-10
Printer .............................................................................2-11
Printer Settings .................................................................2-15
Side Panel Installation ........................................................2-16
Carousel Installation...........................................................2-18
CHN-2000 2-1 Installation

2 Illustrations
Figure 2-1 .............. Wiring Diagrams ...................................2-4

Figure 2-2 .............. CHN-2000 Elemental Analyzer
with Printer and Optional Cart .................2-5
Figure 2-3 .............. Facility Requirements ............................2-6
Figure 2-6 .............. Crucible and Lance Installation................2-10
Figure 2-7 .............. Loading the Paper .................................2-13
Figure 2-8 .............. Ribbon Cartridge Installation...................2-13
Figure 2-9 .............. Side Panel Installation ...........................2-17
Installation 2-2 CHN-2000

System Installation
This equipment operates from a 230 VAC source.

Contact with this voltage can be fatal. Use caution
when installing or servicing the Analyzer.
1. Provide a work surface with convenient electrical power

and oxygen, helium and pneumatic supplies. Refer to
figure 2-3 on page 2-6 for Power and Gas Supply
requirements.
2. Remove the Side Panels of the Analyzer.
3. Install the system as shown in figure 2-3 on page 2-6, and
provide a minimum access space of 6 inches around each
piece of equipment.
4. A male plug and female receptacle are supplied for the
power cord. If other types of connectors are used, follow
the wire color code as shown in figure 2-1 on page 2-4.
5. Remove any shipping or packing protection card from the
disk drive.
DO NOT connect this system to the facility power

source until instructed.
6. DO NOT replace the Side Panels until all system setup

procedures, detailed in the System Setup section, are
completed.
7. Handles are supplied in the component pack to lift and
move the Analyzer. Refer to Side Panel Installation, on
page 2-16, to install the handles. To prevent damage to
the Side Panels the Cork Pads must be installed as shown.
The power supply used in this instrument is also

used in other LECO® instruments. For this reason
there may be a voltage selection switch on it. DO
NOT move this switch from the factory set (230 VAC)
position. Damage to the power supply will result.

WIRING DIAGRAMS
FIGURE 2-1

TOUCH
SCREEN
CAROUSEL
LOADING
HEAD
KEYBOARD
R
FAN
HOUSING
PRINTER
SHELF
(OPTIONAL)
OFF/ON
SWITCH
CART
(OPTIONAL)
CHN-2000 ELEMENTAL ANALYZER WITH PRINTER AND OPTIONAL CART

FIGURE 2-2

HELIUM INPUT
OXYGEN INPUT
KEYBOARD
PNEUMATIC
INPUT BALANCE
DATA XMIT
PRINTER
He O2
PNEUMATIC
PISTON EXHAUST
FAN
IR CELL EXHAUST
DOSER EXHAUST
TC CELL EXHAUST
BALANCE
ANALYZER
PRINTER
LINE CORD 115 VAC

POWER CORD
Electrical Power Requirements ...........230 VAC ±10%, 50/60 Hz, 25 amps

maximum, 6 amps. at idle.
Gas Required
Carrier gas......................................Helium, 99.9% pure, 40 psi (2.8 kg/cm2 )
±10%
Combustion Gas...............................Oxygen, 99.9% pure, 40 psi (2.8 kg/ cm2 )
±10%
Pneumatic Gas.................................Compressed Air, source must be oil and
water free, 40 psi (2.8 kg/ cm2 ) ±10%
Regulators Required
Compressed Air ...............................0-125 psi, CGA 346, 13/16 - 14 Male R.H.
Helium ...........................................0-125 psi, CGA 580, 15/16 - 14 Female
R.H.
Oxygen ..........................................0-125 psi, CGA 540, 7/8 - 14 Male R.H.
FACILITY REQUIREMENTS
FIGURE 2-3

Reagent Tubes
Removal
1. Slide each Reagent Tube upward until the bottom end can
swing free (see figure 2-4 below).
2. Tilt out the free tube end.
3. Pull the tube downward off the top port.
4. To reinstall the Reagent Tubes, push the top end of the
Reagent Tube over the top port, tilt it inward and pull it
down, pushing it over the bottom port.
REAGENT TUBE REMOVAL

FIGURE 2-4

Packing
1. Before packing the Reagent Tubes, remove all material

from the inside of the tube; rinse it with water and let it
dry.
2. Insert a Screen Filter into the bottom of each tube.
Position the O-ring towards the bottom and push the
Screen Filter up into the tube ¼inch (see figure 2-5
below).
3. Loosely pack ¾ inch of Glass Wool into the bottom of each
tube leaving the narrow section of the tube open (see
figure 2-5 below).
4. Fill the remaining bottom half of each tube with Anhydrone
by pouring it on top of the Glass Wool.
5. Fill the top half of each tube with Lecosorb, leaving ¾ inch
at the top.
6. Loosely pack ¾ inch of Glass Wool into the top of each
tube leaving the narrow section of the tube open.
7. Reinstall the Reagent Tubes.
775-601
REAGENT
TUBE
501-081
GLASS
WOOL
502-174
LECOSORB®
501-171
ANHYDRONE™
501-081
GLASS
WOOL
775-306
SCREEN
FILTER
REAGENT TUBE PACKING
FIGURE 2-5

External Keyboard
1. Attach the Keyboard to the Analyzer by sliding the

Keyboard Mounting Bracket into the slots on the front of
the Analyzer and push down.
2. Connect the Keyboard Cable to the Keyboard Connector on
the Rear Panel of the Analyzer (see figure 2-3 on page 2-
6).

Crucible and Lance Installation
1. Loosen the two Thumbscrews securing the Loading Head

and set the Loading Head to the side.
2. Screw the Lance Extractor tool into one of the threaded
holes in the Lance (see figure 2-6 below) and remove the
Lance.
3. Insert the Crucible Extractor Tool into a Crucible and lower
it into the Combustion Tube (see figure 2-6 below). Rest
the Crucible on the Quartz Wool packed into the tube.
Release the Crucible and remove the Crucible Extractor
Tool.
4. Hold the Lance by the removal tool and carefully lower it in
place. Unscrew the Lance Extractor Tool.
5. Reinstall the Loading Head.
6. The Lance Extractor Tool should be stored in the hole
provided for it on the Loading Head.
CRUCIBLE EXTRACTOR TOOL
LANCE
ASSEMBLY
THUMBSCREW
(2 RQUIRED)
+ +
CRUCIBLE
LOADING HEAD
SAMPLE DROP BLOCK
CRUCIBLE AND LANCE INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-6

Printer
Installation
• After extended periods of printing, allow time for the Print

Notes: Head to cool before touching it.
• Turn off the power before moving the print head.
1. Unpack the Printer, locate the separate Printer Manual in
the Printer box, and check the contents of the box against
the manual list.
2. Remove any tape, bags, or Styrofoam from the Printer.
Remove the Platen Knob from the Styrofoam before
discarding.
3. Remove the shipping retainer located inside the Printer
and save it in case the Printer needs to be shipped.
4. Install the Platen Knob by inserting the Shaft into the hole
in the right side of the Printer (see figure 2-7 on page 13).
Match the flat side of the knob to the flat side of the Platen
Shaft.
5. Install the Ribbon Cartridge (see figure 2-8 on page 13).
a. Open the access cover.
b. Position the Print Head between Bail Rollers and push
the Bail Lever back.
c. Place the flat end of the ribbon cartridge, knob facing
up, into the ribbon plate, then lower the other end over
the Print Head and snap it in place.
d. Turn the knob clockwise to take up ribbon slack.
e. The Head-Gap Lever can be adjusted for one or two part
forms (position 1), three or four part forms (position 2)
or envelopes and extra-thick paper (position 3).
6. Install the Paper Separator.
a. Lift the Rear Cover.
b. Hold the Legs against the se Paper Separator and place
the Paper Separator Tabs over the Studs on the sides
of the Rear Cover.
c. Close the Rear Cover.
7. Set the Printer next to the Analyzer and install the paper
tray under and behind the Printer.
8. Attach the Power Cord to the Printer. Connect the other
end to the facility power source.
9. The Printer should be OFF.

10. Connect the Printer Interface Cable to the Printer and the
back of the Analyzer.
11. Install the Paper.
a. Move the Paper Lever and Bail Lever forward.
b. Open the Access and Rear Covers and feed the paper
under the Rear Cover.
c. Open the Tractor Covers and aligns the Track Feed
Holes on the paper with the Tractor Pins. Close the
Tractor Covers.
d. Turn the Platen Knob to feed the paper around the
Platen. Be sure the paper feeds underneath the black
tabs in front of the Tractors.
e. To adjust the Tractors, lift the Lock Levers on both
sides and slide the Tractors into position. There are
reference marks on the Printer to show the
recommended left edge position for the two most
common paper sizes. Do not place the left edge of the
paper more than ½ inch from the end of the Platen or
the Printer will signal a paper out alarm.
f. Close the Rear Cover and lay the Paper Separator flat.
Open the Guide Wire to stop paper from curling back
into the Printer. Close the Access Cover.
12. Paper should be fed from the bottom of the tray and
documents should be collected on the top of the tray.
13. The Control Panel of the Printer is used to configure the
Printer and its corresponding features. Refer to the
operation section of the Printer manual. The Printer
settings for the Analyzer are given in the Configuration
section on page 2-14.

PAPER INSTALLATION
FIGURE 2-7
RIBBON CARTRIDGE INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-8

Configuration
• The recommended Printer settings are the default settings

Notes: except for EPSON FXe.
• The following procedure configures the Printer for operation
with the FP-2000 Analyzer.
1. Turn the AC Power OFF to the Printer.
2. Hold down the Select (SEL) and Mode button and turn the
AC Power Switch ON.
3. Press the Mode button. The Select light will turn off and
the Menu light will turn on.
4. Press the Group button two times to page to General
Control, Emulation Mode, IBM PPR.
5. Press the Set button once, the Printer will display: General
Control, Emulation Mode, Epson FXe.
6. Press the Mode button, the menu light will turn on. The
Printer is now ready for operation.
• To restore the menu to original factory settings, turn the
Notes: Printer OFF, hold down the SEL and MODE buttons, then
turn the Printer ON.
• For more information, refer to the manual supplied with the
Printer and the Printer setting table.

Printer Settings
Group Item Settings

Font Print Mode Utility
Pitch 10 CPI
Style Normal
Size Single
General Control Emulation Mode Epson FXe

Graphics Bi-directional
Paper Out Override No
Print Registration O
Operator Panel Functions Full Operation
Reset Inhibit No
Print Suppress Effective Yes
CPU Compensation Standard
Vertical Control Line Spacing 6 LPI

Form Tear-Off Off
Skip-Over Perforation No
Auto LF No
Auto CR No
Auto Feed XT Invalid
Page Length 11 inches
Symbol Sets Character Set Set I

Language Set American
Zero Character Slashed
Serial I/F Option Parity None

Serial Data 7 or 8 Bits 8
Protocol Ready/Busy
Diagnostic Test No
Busy Line SSD-
Baud Rate 9600 BPS
DSR Signal Valid
DTR Signal Ready on Power Up
Busy Time 200 Milliseconds

Side Panel Installation
1. Remove the Cap Screws and remove the Shipping Handles

(see figure 2-9 on page 2-17).
2. Install the Side Panels. The screw heads on the Side Panels
must be turned clockwise to secure the Side Panels to the
Analyzer.
3. Properly store the shipping handles and Cap Screws for
future use.

608-208 608-307
LEFT SIDE RIGHT SIDE
PANEL PANEL
193-112 193-112
FLAT WASHER FLAT WASHER
(2 REQUIRED) (2 REQUIRED)
783-591
CORK PAD
(4 REQUIRED)
190-948 608-268 190-948

608-268 ALLEN CAP
ALLEN CAP RIGHT
LEFT
SCREWS SHIPPING SCREWS
SHIPPING (2 REQUIRED)
(2 REQUIRED) HANDLE
HANDLE
ANALYZER LEFT SIDE ANALYZER RIGHT SIDE
SIDE PANEL INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-9

Carousel Installation
• Adjustment of the Carousel was performed during

Notes: manufacturing. If adjustment is necessary, refer to the
Maintenance section.
• If three Carousels are used, total Carousel capacity is 102
samples. Since the weight list is limited to 100 samples, two
positions must remain open.
• The crucible may need to be replaced before 100 samples
are analyzed. Be alert to the number of samples analyzed
per crucible. Replace the crucible when necessary to
maintain accurate results.
1. Unpack the 35-position Carousel supplied with the Analyzer.
2. Locate the large center hole on the bottom and the small
alignment hole next to it.
3. Locate the large pin in the Carousel Mounting Block and the
small alignment pin next to it.
4. Position the large hole and small alignment hole, in the bottom
of the Carousel, over the large pin and small alignment pin in
the Carousel Mounting Block.
5. Insert the 2 pins into the 2 holes, the Carousel should turn
freely on the Mounting Block and the arrow on the center hub
of the Carousel will point towards the center of the Sample
Drop Block.

3 Option Installation
Data Transmit Kit ..............................................................3-3

ASCII Character Definition Table ..........................................3-5
Transmission Methods ........................................................3-6
Hex Dump ........................................................................3-7
Analyzer Cabinet ...............................................................3-11
Balance............................................................................3-12
Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool.........................................3-16
CHN-2000 3-1 Option Installation

3 Illustrations
Figure 3-1 .............. Analyzer Electronics Chassis – Rear View ..3-4

Figure 3-2 .............. Analyzer Cabinet Installation...................3-11
Figure 3-3 .............. Balance Control Panel ............................3-15
Figure 3-4 .............. Balance Assembly .................................3-15
Figure 3-5 .............. Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool ............3-18
Table 3-1 ............... Interface Cable Pin Assignments..............3-4
Option Installation 3-2 CHN-2000

Data Transmit Kit
• Refer to the Data Transmit procedure (page 4-29) to set the

Note: Data Transmit Serial Port parameters to match the Data
Receiving device.
1. Turn the Power OFF to the Analyzer.
2. Locate the Data Transmit Connector on the Rear Panel of
the Analyzer (see figure 3-1 on page 3-4).
3. Connect one end of the Data Transmit Interface Cable to
the Data Transmit Connector.
4. Connect the other end of the Data Transmit Interface
Cable to the Data Receiving device.
5. Turn the Power ON to the Analyzer.

Pin # Signal Name Direction
1* DSR: Data Set Ready To Serial Card
1** CTS: Clear to Send To Serial Card
2 TD: Transmit Data From Serial Card
3 CD: Carrier Detect To Serial Card
4 Ground
5 RD: Receive Data To Serial Card
6* DTR: Data Terminal Ready From Serial Card
DSR: Data Set Ready
6** RTS: Request to Send From Serial Card

* with J1 and J2 inserted. ** with J2 and J3 inserted.
INTERFACE CABLE PIN ASSIGNMENTS

TABLE 3-1
AUTO LOADER
FURNACE
DATA TRANSMIT
BALANCE
ANALYZER ELECTRONICS CHASSIS – REAR VIEW

FIGURE 3-1

ASCII* Character Definition Table
ACK Acknowledge EM End of Medium NAK Negative Acknowledge

BEL Bell, or Alarm ENQ Enquiry NUL Null, or All Zeros
BS Backspace EOT End of Transmission RS Record Separator
CAN Cancel ESC Escape SI Shift In
CR Carriage Return ETD End of Transmission Block SO Shift Out
DC1 Device Control 1 ETX End of Text SOH Start of Header
DC2 Device Control 2 FF Form Feed SP Space
DC3 Device Control 3 FS File Separator STX Start of Text
DC4 Device Control 4 GS Group Separator SUB Substitute
DEL Delete HT Horizontal Tab SYN Synchronous Idle
DLE Data Link Escape LF Line Feed US Unit Separator
VT Vertical Tab
*American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) X3.4 - 1967 for use on tape
©1967 USA Standards Institute. Reprinted by permission.

Transmission Methods
• Special characters (such as expanded print characters) are

Notes: filtered out.
• All character generation is coded in the ASCII format of
eight bits.
• The data transmit output is RS-232.
1. To transmit results after each analysis:
a. Access the Data Transmit procedure by touching
Maintenance and then Setup. If this procedure is not
visible, make sure the Data Transmit Option has been
installed on the floppy controller card.
b. Set the Post Analysis Transmit to YES. Answers will
transmit in the Answer format only.
2. To transmit specifically selected results:
a. Access the Results procedure and choose results for
transmission. Refer to the Results procedure (page 5-42)
for more information.

Hex Dump
Answer Format
Line 1:
SOH Sample # Space Sample ID Code
SOH # N N N A A A A A A A A A A
# 5 1 7 R e s i d F u e l
01 23 35 31 37 20 20 20 52 65 73 69 64 20 46 75 65 6C
Space Sample Weight
W e i g h t “ x x x x x x g
W e i g h t “ 0 . 1 5 3 6 g
20 20 20 57 65 67 69 68 74 20 30 30 2E 31 35 33 36 20 67
Space Method Name

M e t h o d : D D D D D D D D
M e t h o d : O i l s
20 20 20 20 40 65 74 68 6F 64 3A 20 4F 69 6C 73 20 20 20 20
Space Analysis Time and Date CRLF EOT

h h : n n m m m - d d - y 7 LF EOT
1 4 : 3 7 J a n - 2 7 - 9 2 CR
20 20 31 34 3A 33 37 20 4A 61 6E 2D 32 37 2D 39 32 00 0A 04
Line 2:
SOH Operator Name
SOH O p e r a t o r : E E E E E E E E E E
O p e r a t o r : s u p e r u s e r
01 4F 70 65 72 61 74 6F 72 3A 73 75 70 65 72 75 73 65 72 20
Space Operator ID Code #1

I D C o d e 2 B B B B B B B B B
I D C o d e 2 P a t # 5 0 2
20 20 49 49 20 43 6f 64 65 20 32 20 50 61 74 20 23 20 35 30 32
Operator ID Code #1 Space Optional ID Code #2
B B B B B I D C o d e 3 C C C C
- 0 8 3 I D C o d e 3 C a l b
2D 30 38 33 20 20 20 49 49 20 43 6f 64 65 20 33 20 43 61 6C 62
Optional ID Code #2 CRLR EOT

C C C C C C C C C C CR LF EOT
r a t e C h e c k
72 61 74 65 20 43 68 65 63 68 00 0A 04

Line 3:
Carbon Results Space Carbon Units
C = x x x x x x x x %
C = 8 8 . 4 2 %
43 20 3D 20 20 20 38 38 20 34 32 20 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Space Carbon Factor Space CRLF EOT
x x x x x LF EOT
1 . 0 0 0 CR
20 20 20 20 20 20 31 2E 30 30 30 20 00 0A 04
Hydrogen Results Space Hydrogen Units

C = x x x x x x x x %
C = 1 5 . 9 6 %
43 20 3D 20 20 20 31 35 2E 39 36 20 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Space Hydrogen Factor Space CRLF EOT
x x x x x LF EOT
1 . 0 0 0 CR
20 20 20 20 20 20 31 2E 30 30 30 20 00 0A 04
Nitrogen Results Space Nitrogen Units

N = x x x x x x x x %
N = 0 . 0 1 5 %
4E 20 3D 20 20 20 30 2E 30 31 35 20 25 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Space Nitrogen Factor Space

x x x x x
1 . 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 31 2E 30 30 30 20
Record Format
Line 1:
SOH # Sample ID Code
SOH # , I D C o d e ,
01 20 23 20 2C 20 20 49 44 20 43 6F 64 65 20 20 20 2C
Optional ID Code
n n n n n n n n n n ,
20 20 20 6e 6e 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 20 20 20 20 2C
Optional ID Code
n n n n n n n n n n ,
20 20 20 6e 6e 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 20 20 20 20 2C
Method Name Sample Weight

M e t h o d , W e i g h t ;
20 20 20 4D 65 74 68 6F 64 20 20 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 2C
Moisture Content Carbon Results

M i o s t u r e , C a r b o n ,
4D 6F 69 73 74 75 72 65 2C 43 61 72 62 6F 6E 20 2C

Carbon Units Carbon Factor
U n i t s , F a c t o r ,
20 55 6E 69 74 73 20 20 2C 20 20 46 61 63 74 6F 72 20 20 2C
Carbon Peak Carbon Time

P e a k , T i m e ,
20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C 54 69 60 65 2C
Analysis Time and Date CRLF EOT

T i m e & D a t e CR LF EOT
20 20 20 54 69 60 65 20 26 20 44 61 74 65 20 20 20 00 0A 04
Hydrogen Results Hydrogen Units

S u l f e r , U n i t s ,
20 53 75 6C 66 75 72 20 2C 20 55 6E 69 74 73 20 20 2C
Hydrogen Factor Hydrogen Peak

F a c t o r , P e a k ,
20 20 46 61 63 74 6F 72 20 20 2C 20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C
Hydrogen Time Analysis Time and Date

T i m e , T i m e & D a t e
54 69 60 65 2C 20 20 20 54 69 60 65 20 26 20 44 61 74 65 20 20 20
CRLF EOT Nitrogen Results Nitrogen Units

CR LF EOT N i t r o g e n , U n i t s ,
00 0A 04 4E 69 74 72 6F 67 65 6E 2C 20 55 6E 69 74 73 20 20 2C
Nitrogen Factor Nitrogen Peak

20 20 46 61 63 74 6F 72 20 20 2C 20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C
Nitrogen Area Nitrogen Time

A r e a , T i m e ,
20 20 20 41 72 65 61 20 2C 54 69 60 65 2C
Line 2:
SOH # Sample ID Code
SOH w w w , “ A A A A A A A A A A “ ,
5 1 7 , “ R e s i d F u e l “ ,
01 35 31 37 2C 22 52 65 74 69 63 20 46 75 65 6C 22 2C
Optional ID Code #1
“ s s s s s s s s s s s S S S S “ ,
“ P a r t # 5 0 2 - 0 8 3 “ ,
22 50 61 72 74 20 23 20 35 30 32 2D 30 38 33 20 22 2C
Optional ID Code #1
“ C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C “ ,
“ C a l i b r a t e C h e c k “ ,
22 43 61 6C 69 62 72 61 74 65 20 43 68 65 63 6B 22 20
D D D D D D D D D “ , W e i g h t ,
O i l s “ , 0 . 1 5 3 6 ,
4F 69 6C 73 20 20 20 20 20 22 2C 30 2E 31 35 33 36 2C
Optional ID Code #1
“ C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C “ ,
“ C a l i b r a t e C h e c k “ ,
22 43 61 6C 69 62 72 61 74 65 20 43 68 65 63 6B 22 2C

D D D D D D D D D “ , W e i g h t ,
O i l s “ , 0 . 1 5 3 6 ,
4F 69 6C 73 20 20 20 20 20 22 2C 30 2E 31 35 33 36 2C
Carbon Peak Carbon Time

P e a k , T i m e ,
20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C 54 69 60 65 2C
Analysis Time and Date CRLF EOT
T i m e & D a t e CR LF EOT
20 20 20 54 69 60 65 20 26 20 44 61 74 65 20 20 20 00 0A 04
Hydrogen Results Hydrogen Units
S u l f e r , U n i t s ,
20 53 75 6C 66 75 72 20 2C 20 55 6E 69 74 73 20 20 2C
Hydrogen Factor Hydrogen Peak

20 20 46 61 63 74 6F 72 20 20 2C 20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C
Hydrogen Time Analysis Time and Date

T i m e , T i m e & D a t e
54 69 60 65 2C 20 20 20 54 69 60 65 20 26 20 44 61 74 65 20 20 20
CRLF EOT Nitrogen Results Nitrogen Units

CR LF EOT N i t r o g e n , U n i t s ,
00 0A 04 4E 69 74 72 6F 67 65 6E 2C 20 55 6E 69 74 73 20 20 2C
Nitrogen Factor Nitrogen Peak

20 20 46 61 63 74 6F 72 20 20 2C 20 20 20 50 65 61 68 20 2C
Nitrogen Area Nitrogen Time

A r e a , T i m e ,
20 20 20 41 72 65 61 20 2C 54 69 60 65 2C

Analyzer Cabinet
The Analyzer Cabinet is supplied completely assembled. After

unpacking the cabinet, attach the Shelf and Keyboard. Place
the Analyzer on the top and the Printer on the Shelf. The
Analyzer is not anchored with hardware (see figure 3-2 below).
The drawers can be used to store supplies, accessories, other
instruments and the shipping handles. This manual may also be
stored in the cabinet.
ANALYZER
KEY BOARD
SHELF
ANALYZER
CABINET
ANALYZER CABINET INSTALLATION

FIGURE 3-2

Balance
• Refer to the Balance Configuration procedure in the Setup

Notes: section (page 4-24) of this manual to set the Balance
parameters and configure the Analyzer to recognize the
Balance. If the Balance and Analyzer are not programmed
with the same configuration parameter values, no weights
may be transferred.
• With later versions of software, the Analyzer will default to
the correct parameter values to operate with the Balance. If
the Balance doesn’t operate properly with the Analyzer,
verify the Balance Options parameter values set from the
Analyzer. A table with the correct parameter values is
shown in the Setup section (page 4-24) under Balance
Configuration.
• To insure proper Balance operation, BALANCE
INTERFACING, RESETTING THE BALANCE and SETTING THE
DATA OUTPUT PARAMETER procedures, located on this
section, must be performed.
Balance Interfacing:
1. Unpack the Balance and assemble it as shown in the

Balance operation manual.
2. Plug the AC Adapter, supplied with the Balance, into facility
power. Connect the AC adapter cable to the power-input
jack on the rear of the Balance (see figure 2-3 on page 2-
6).
3. Adjust the Balance Feet to level the Balance. The level
bubble should be inside the circle when the Balance is
level. The Level Bubble is located on the rear of the
Balance.
4. Locate the Balance connector on the Rear Panel of the
Analyzer and connect one end of the Balance Interface
Cable to the Balance connector. Connect the other end of
the Balance Interface Cable to the rear of the Balance (see
figure 2-3 on page 2-6).
5. To properly interface the Balance with the Analyzer,
perform the following procedure to RESET the Balance to
the factory defaults. After the Balance is reset, do not
change any of the configuration codes except the one
listed below. The Balance codes can be changed to custom
configure the Balance, if desired, after this procedure is
completed.

Resetting the Balance:
1. Remove the hole plug on the lower front right corner of the
Balance and move the Menu Lock Switch to the right (see
figure 3-4 on page 3-15).
2. Turn the AC power ON to the Balance by pushing the
POWER ON button (see figure 3-3 on page 3-15). As soon
as all the segments on the display light, push the TARE
button. The display will blank for a few seconds and then
display the menu code settings.
3. Press F1 to display 9 in the left digit.
4. Press PRINT to skip the center digit.
5. Press F1 to display 1 as the right digit.
6. Press TARE.
7. Press CF.
8. Turn the AC Power OFF to the Balance.

Setting the Data Output Parameter:
1. Set the Data Output Parameter to AUTO PRINT

REGARDLESS OF STABILITY code 614 using the following
procedure.
2. Turn the AC power ON to the Balance by pushing the
POWER ON button. As soon as all segments on the display
light, push the TARE button. The display will blank for a
few seconds and then display the menu code settings.
3. Press F1 to display 6 in the left digit.
4. Press PRINT to display the center digit.
5. Press F1 to display 1 as the center digit.
6. Press PRINT to display the right digit.
7. Press F1 to display 4 as the right digit.
8. Press TARE.
9. Press CF.
10. Reposition the Menu Lock Switch to the left and reinstall
the Hole Plug.
11. Perform the Balance Configuration procedure located on
page 4-24.

POWER ON TOGGLE
KEY KEY
CLEAR I/O F1 INFORMATION

FUNCTION KEY
CF i
TARE TARE
PRINT
KEY
F2
BALANCE CONTROL PANEL

FIGURE 3-3
MENU ACCESS
SWITCH
BALANCE ASSEMBLY
FIGURE 3-4

Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool
• The 616-310 Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool is used to

Notes: replace the Furnace reagent without the need to cool the
Furnace.
• For more detailed information concerning combustion tube
packing, refer to the Maintenance section of this manual.
1. Turn the Gas Supplies OFF to the Analyzer.
2. Remove the Loading Head.
3. Remove the Top Shelf.
4. Remove the Secondary Side Block.
HIGH TEMPERATURE HAZARD
The honeycomb ceramic plug and quartz wool will be

very hot. Do not handle with bare hands or severe
burns may result.
5. Remove the Honeycomb Ceramic Plug and Quartz wool.

6. Attach the Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool to an appropriate
Vacuum Cleaner.
Hold onto the handle only. Holding the hose or

canister may cause burns.
7. Turn on the Vacuum Cleaner and carefully lower the long tube
down into the combustion tube.

The spent furnace reagent in the canister may be

hot. Do not come in contact or touch the furnace
reagent before it cools. Let the spent furnace reagent
cool before disposing of it.
8. Remove all spent Furnace reagent. Do not remove any of the

lower quartz wool.
9. Pour 50cc of Furnace Reagent into the Combustion Tube.
10. Insert three sections of rolled up Quartz Wool into the
Combustion Tube and push them down until they rest on the
Furnace Reagent.
11. Insert the Honeycomb Ceramic Plug into the combustion and
set it on top of the Quartz Wool.
12. Install the Secondary Side Block.
13. Install the Loading Head and Top Shelf.
14. Turn the Gas supplies on to the Analyzer.
15. Permit the oxygen to purge from the Furnace Reagent. This will
also permit the Furnace to return to operating temperature.
16. The Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool has a removable canister
that has collected the spent Furnace Reagent. The canister can
be removed and the spent Furnace Reagent emptied.

616-304
INLET TUBE
616-309
FITTING
(3 REQ'D)
W/ O-RING
616-305 616-306
OUTLET TUBE CAP
779-029
O RING
(2 REQ'D)
616-303
FILTER
616-307
HANDLE
616-311
TUBE
616-308
INSULATOR
778-438
HOSE
616-301
CANISTER
778-439
COUPLER
VACUUM CLEANER ATTACHMENT TOOL

FIGURE 3-5

4 Setup
Controls and Indicators.......................................................4-3

Initial Power-Up and Log-In .................................................4-5
System Overview...............................................................4-9
System Check...................................................................4-16
System Setup ...................................................................4-19
CHN-2000 4-1 Setup

4 Illustrations
Figure 4-1 .............. Controls and Indicators ..........................4-4
Setup 4-2 CHN-2000

Controls and Indicators
• See figure 4-1 on page 4-4 for locations of these items.

Note:
POWER ON/OFF SWITCH: Switches power ON and OFF to the
Analyzer and acts as a circuit breaker on the incoming facility
line power.
KEYBOARD: The keyboard is used as an optional
communications link between the operator and the instrument.
It can be used along with the Touchscreen.
TOUCHSCREEN: The Touchscreen is used as a communications
link between the operator and the instrument. It permits quick
control and access of data.
LOADING HEAD: After being weighed, samples are placed in
the loading head before analysis. The loading head can accept
the multi-position carousel for automatic analysis of many
samples.
DISK DRIVE: For use with a 3½ inch floppy disk to store data
and up-date the version of software.
COMBUSTION PRESSURE GAUGE: Measures the pressure of the
combustion gas entering the Furnace tube. A high-pressure
reading may indicate the Furnace-tube packing needs to be
replaced.
OXYGEN FLOW ROTAMETER: Measures oxygen flow rate for the
carbon and hydrogen measurement system. Flow rate is
measured in lpm (liters per minute).
HELIUM FLOW ROTAMETER: Measures carrier gas flow rate for
the nitrogen measurement system. Flow rate is measured in
cpm (cubic centimeters per minute).
INCOMING HELIUM SCRUBBER: Purifies the incoming carrier
gas by removing all gases except helium.
MEASURE FLOW SCRUBBER: Removes interfering gases from
the sample gas before it reaches the TC Cell for measurement.
→
CATALYST HEATER: Removes O2 and converts any NOx N2 in
the sample gas.
PRINTER (not shown): The printer is used to obtain paper
copies of analysis data, information presented on the display
and buffer or display plots.
CABINET (optional, not shown): The cabinet can be used as a
stand and storage cabinet for use with the instrument.
CHN-2000 4-3 Setup

CATALYST
HEATER TUBE
CATALYST
HEATER
TOUCH SCREEN
DISK DRIVE
COMBUSTION
PRESSURE
GAUGE
OXYGEN
ROTAMETER
HELIUM
ROTAMETER
HELIUM
SCRUBBER
OFF/ON
SWITCH
MEASURE FLOW
SCRUBBER FRONT PANEL
DOOR
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

FIGURE 4-1
Setup 4-4 CHN-2000

Initial Power-Up and Log-In
Power-up
• During operation, if the system needs to be reset

Note: (rebooted), simultaneously press the CTRL, ALT, and DEL
keys on the Keyboard.
1. The Power Switch on the Front Panel of the Analyzer
should be set to the OFF position.
2. Connect the Analyzer to a proper electrical power source
as shown in the Installation section (page 2-3) of this
manual.
3. Turn ON the gas supplies and set the delivery pressures to
40 psi.
4. Turn ON the Analyzer Power Switch.
5. The instrument reboots and displays the Front Panel on the
Touchscreen.
Super-user and Users
• It is recommended that the system be completely setup for

Note: operation before adding any users. To add users, refer to
the Security procedure in the Operation section (page 5-19)
for additional information.
The super-user is the only operator who has access to
everything. Upon initial power-up, the operator is the super-
user without a password. To provide password protection, refer
to the Security Protection procedure (page 5-19) in the
Maintenance menu.
A user is an operator whose access can be limited. The super-
user is the only operator who can add users and who can
configure the Security Protection for each user.
CHN-2000 4-5 Setup

Screen Time out
If the Security Protection procedure is not configured (there are

no other operators except the super-user), the screen time out
initiates the screen save mode (a blank screen). Press any key
to return to the last screen that was displayed.
If the Security Protection procedure is configured, the screen
time out will log-off the current operator.
The screen time out is editable in the System Configuration
procedure. For more information, refer to the System
Configuration procedure on page 4-20.
About the Examples
The numbers used for the screen examples in this manual are
only to illustrate instrument operation and may or may not be
applicable to specific procedures.
Errors, Warnings, and Notices
• If an Error, Warning, or Notice occurs, refer to the Alarm

Note: table located in the Operation section (page 5-61) of this
manual.
ERRORS: An error is a problem or malfunction that will prevent
the operator from continuing with a procedure. If an error
occurs during analysis, press CONTINUE at which point the
analysis is reset. If an error occurs when the instrument is idle,
press CONTINUE to clear the alarm. If the source of the error is
not corrected, analyses cannot be performed.
WARNINGS: A warning is a problem or malfunction that will not
prevent the operator from continuing with a procedure. If a
warning occurs during an analysis, either touch CONTINUE or
wait ten seconds for the alarm to clear. If a warning occurs
when the instrument is idle, the operator must press CONTINUE
to clear the alarm.
NOTICES: A notice is a message briefly displayed to inform the
operator of an existing condition.
Setup 4-6 CHN-2000

Exit to DOS
• The instrument must be in the C:\PROGRAM directory

Note:
A super-user can exit to DOS from the Main screen by pressing
ALT and X simultaneously. To access the program from DOS,
enter ‘FP-2000’ at the prompt (C>) then press ENTER.
Pop-Up Windows
• ESC and HELP are unavailable when pop-up screens are

Note: displayed. The keyboard can be used instead of the
Touchscreen by holding the ALT key and typing the letter
above the underline.
When exiting many procedures, a pop-up window may appear
displaying different choices. When faced with these pop-up
windows, only options within the window are active. The
following options may be available:
• YES Save changes and exit.
• OK Save changes and exit.
• NO Do not save resent changes and exit.
• CANCEL Remove the pop-up window.
Icons
• In the example below, the user cannot access the Method

Note: procedure icon.
An Icon that is not selectable by an individual user will be

hatched-out or ghosted. Icons that represent procedures that
are not selected during setup will not appear.
CHN-2000 4-7 Setup

Button Selection Icons
• Only one selection button can be active at a time.

Note:
During some procedures, selections may appear as buttons on

the screen. Touch the appropriate icon to make the proper
selection.
Setup 4-8 CHN-2000

System Overview
Front Panel Overview
HEADLINE: Displays the ESC and HELP icons and screen titles.
The ESC icon is used to leave a screen and return to the
previous screen. The HELP function contains additional
information on certain procedures.
The FRONT PANEL icon, located in the upper left corner of the
Main Screen, allows the operator to return to the Front Panel
Screen.
FRONT PANEL: Upon power-up, the Touchscreen displays the
Front Panel. This screen shows the current status of the
system. Touch ESC to exit to the Main screen.
SAMPLER: In the AUTO mode, many samples can be analyzed,
without operator attention, using the multi-position carousel. In
the MANUAL mode, without the carousel, one sample must be
analyzed at a time.
ANALYSIS GAS: Selects the flow of gases, (oxygen and
helium).
GAS OFF: Shuts the flow of both gases off.
GAS ON: Turns the flow of both gases on at the maximum
rate.
GAS STANDBY: Conserves the flow of gas by selecting high
flow for 15 seconds/10 minutes. This permits proper
purging of the systems.
RESET COUNTERS: Permits quick access to reset the count and
set the limit of the counters. For more information and a
description of the procedure, refer to the Setup section (page
4-31) of this manual.
CHN-2000 4-9 Setup

PRINTER: Enables and disables operation of the printer. If the
printer is ON, a paper copy of the analysis results will be
printed after each analysis.
WAKE-UP: Permits the instrument to perform automatic
analyses at a preset time. For a description of this procedure,
refer to the Operation section (page 5-57).
Setup 4-10 CHN-2000

Main Screen Overview
METHOD MENU: Touch the Method icon to select, add, delete,

modify, or print analysis methods. Methods contain analysis
parameter characteristics needed for analyzing different
materials.
ANALYZE MENU: Touch the Analyze icon to edit/enter sample
ID codes, enter and remove sample weights, and analyze
logged-in samples.
REPORT MENU: Touch the Report icon to view results, perform
statistics using the results, plot the last sample analyzed, and
view entered sample weights.
CALIBRATE MENU: Touch the Calibrate icon to define
standards, perform standard, or manual calibration, recalculate
moisture and/or recalculate answers from results using new
calibrations.
MAINTENANCE MENU: Touch the Maintenance icon to configure
the system, perform diagnostic testing, place procedures under
security protection, and perform file manipulations and
software updates.
LOGOFF: Touch the Logoff icon to exit to the screen save mode
or the log-in screen. All gases are set to standby and the
furnace temperature remains the same.
CHN-2000 4-11 Setup

Using the External Keyboard
LEFT and RIGHT ARROWS: Horizontally moves the cursor within

or between fields.
UP and DOWN ARROWS: Moves the cursor up or down the
page.
BACKSPACE (←): Erases the character immediately to the left
of the original cursor position and moves all the other
characters on the right of the cursor one position to the left.
CTRL-C: Clears the editing field.
DELETE: Erases the character marked by the cursor and moves
all the other characters on the right of the cursor one position
to the left.
ESC: Returns to preceding screen, sometimes displaying a pop-
up window first.
HELP (F1 on the keyboard): Displays an explanation of the
screen shown.
HOME: Works within a procedure to return the highlight bar to
the top of a list.
CTRL-HOME: Returns to Main screen, saving all changes.
END: Works within a procedure to place the highlight bar at the
end of a list.
CTRL-END: Returns to Main screen, does not save any changes.
INSERT MODE: Characters entered in this mode do not
overwrite existing characters. Instead, all characters to the
right of the cursor (displayed as a flashing block) shift to the
right. When the field is full, the end character on the right is
lost. To turn ON the Insert Mode, make sure NUM LOCK is OFF
(the LED should be OFF), then press INS on the keypad.
OVERSTRIKE MODE: Characters entered in this mode overwrite
existing characters marked by the cursor (displayed as an
underline). To return to the Overstrike Mode, make sure NUM
LOCK is OFF (the LED should be OFF), then press INS on the
number keypad. This is the default mode.
ALT: Used with an underlined letter shown on the screen, it
selects that menu option with the keyboard. When using the
ALT key, hold it down as you press the menu selection key.
ALT 1/2/3: Selects quick access to elements listed on a menu.
Alt-1 /Carbon, Alt-2 /Nitrogen, Alt-3 /Hydrogen.
PAGE-DOWN and PAGE-UP: Selects the next or previous page
of information
Setup 4-12 CHN-2000

Using the Touchscreen
When selecting an icon, use a non-metallic, non-

scratch probe. Turn the instrument OFF before
cleaning the screen.
• The Touchscreen and external keyboard can be used in

Notes: conjunction with one another to provide the easiest
operation. To use the Touchscreen exclusively, refer to the
Touchscreen keypad and keyboard explanations on the next
two pages.
• ESC, arrow keys and PgUp/PgDn have the same function on
the keyboard as they do on screen.
• Procedures that have a letter underlined can be accessed by
simultaneously pressing the ALT key and the letter
underlined (for example: ANALYZE on the Main Screen can
be accessed by pressing ALT and the letter A
simultaneously). This will be denoted as ALT-A in this
manual.
The Touchscreen operates on an Infrared Light Beam
coordinate system, which extends outward about ¼ inch.
Touching a ‘touch-active’ display area breaks the crossbeams,
activating the function at that spot. To avoid selection errors:
• Operate Touchscreen from directly in front of the Flat
Panel Display.
• Insert and remove probe perpendicular to screen.
• Do not rest hands on display frame when pointing into
Touchscreen.
• Withdraw probe completely after each selection.
• Only one probe should be in touch area at any time.
CHN-2000 4-13 Setup

Touchscreen Keyboard
• Procedures that require operator edits may need

Note: alphanumeric input. For those procedures, a pop-up
keyboard, as shown below, can be displayed by setting the
On-Screen Keyboard option to YES in System Configuration.
1. Enter the desired value.

a. Touch DEL (delete) to erase a character marked by the
cursor.
b. To delete a character to the left of the cursor, touch ←.
c. To move the cursor to the left or right without disturbing
the entry, touch < or >.
d. Touch SYMBOL to display common keyboard symbols on
the keyboard. Once a symbol is touched, the keyboard
returns to its original state.
e. Touch SHIFT to capitalize one letter. Once a letter is
touched, the keyboard returns to its original state.
f. Touch CAPS to lock all alpha keys into the capitalized
mode. Touch CAPS again to toggle back to the original
mode.
g. If there are multiple entry lines, touch ↵ to move the
cursor to the next line.
h. If the cursor is a flashing block, the insert mode is ON, if
the cursor is an underline, the overstrike mode is ON.
Touch INS to toggle between modes. See the External
Keyboard section for an explanation of each mode.
2. To abort the entry, touch CANCEL.
3. When all values in the editing window are correct, touch OK.
4. When the value on the highlighted edit line is correct, touch
↵.
Setup 4-14 CHN-2000

Touchscreen Keypad
• Many procedures require operator input. For procedures

Notes: that need numerical input only, the keypad shown below
will display automatically.
• When the Touchscreen keyboard or keypad appear, you
may also use the main keyboard.
1. Enter the desired value using the numbers and decimal

point.
a. The ‘-’ is replaced by an ESC function when the
parameter being edited cannot be a negative number.
b. To move the cursor to the left, touch ←.
c. Touch DEL (delete) to erase a character marked by the
cursor.
2. When the correct value is displayed, touch ENTER.
CHN-2000 4-15 Setup

System Check
• All steps in the Installation and Initial Power-up sections

Notes: must be completed before performing these procedures.
• Gas supplies must be on and the regulators set to 40 psi.
• The power must be ON.
• If not analyzing for nitrogen, the TC Cell parameters will not
be displayed.
Setup 4-16 CHN-2000

Ambient Monitor
1. Access the Ambient Monitor procedure by touching the

MAINTENANCE button icon and then the AMBIENT
MONITOR button icon. Ambient Monitor permits the
operator to observe critical system values.
2. Check that the system parameters, temperature, voltage,

current, and pressure fall within the range limits shown
below. If any values are out of range, refer to Electronic
Adjustments, Service, or System Configuration sections for
correction procedures.
NOMINAL VALUE RANGE
COMBUSTION FURNACE 950 25 - 1000 C

TEMP.
CATALYST HEATER 700 695 - 705 C

TEMP.
REAGENT TEMP. 950 25 - 1000 C
IR OVEN TEMP. 50 48 - 52C C
He FLOW TEMP. 40 38 - 42 C
TC FILAMENT CURRENT 90 85 - 95 MA
IR CELL(S) VOLTAGE 8.5 7.5 -9.2 VOLT
TC CELL VOLTAGE 4.0 3.0 - 5.0 VOLT
3. To check the stability of a monitored value, touch the ↑ or

↓ arrow icons to highlight the point for observation.
4. The minimum and maximum values for the highlighted
point are also displayed. To reset these values, touch the
RESET MIN/MAX button icon.
5. To receive a printout of the parameters and their
minimum, maximum, and current values, touch the PRINT
TABLE button icon.
CHN-2000 4-17 Setup

6. To further check the stability of a monitored value, touch
the ↑ or ↓ arrow icons to highlight the parameter to
observe, then touch the PLOT PARAMETER button icon to
display a graphic plot of the value over time. The plot
indicates stability over time.
7. To increase the resolution of the plot, touch the ZOOM IN

button icon. There are 6 ranges available.
8. To decrease the resolution of the plot, touch the ZOOM
OUT button icon. There are 6 ranges available.
9. To stop the input of data and halt the plot, touch the
FREEZE PLOT button icon. FREEZE PLOT will change to
UNFREEZE PLOT. Touch the UNFREEZE PLOT button icon to
restart the plot.
10. To receive a printout of the plotted parameter, touch the
PRINT PLOT button icon.
11. To restart plot, touch the RESET PLOT button icon.
12. To return to the table format, touch the DISPLAY TABLE
button icon.
13. Touch the ESC button icon to exit.
Setup 4-18 CHN-2000

System Setup
• The following procedures are all located under Setup in the

Notes: Maintenance menu. To access, touch the MAINTENANCE
button icon, then the SETUP button icon to display the setup
procedure. Touch the procedure icon to open each
procedure.
• When all procedures in the System Setup have been
completed, reinstall all the Side Panels.
• The Data Transmit icon will only appear if the optional Data
Transmit kit is installed.
CHN-2000 4-19 Setup

System Configuration
• This procedure allows the operator to set the system

Note: operating conditions used for analyzing, displaying results,
printing results, and calibrating.
1. Refer to the definitions and then touch the ↓ button icon to

highlight the parameter to be edited. There are three types
of edit windows that will display on the right as each
parameter is highlighted.
a. If the parameter has multiple but limited options, a
button box will display. To change the value, touch the
desired option.
b. If the parameter has a numerical value, the keypad will
display, as shown on the screen displayed under system
configuration. Edit as described in the Overview section.
c. If the parameter has an alphanumeric value, the edit
box will display. Enter the new value then touch the OK
button icon to save the change or touch the CANCEL
button icon to abort the change.
2. Once a parameter has been edited, the next parameter
becomes highlighted.
3. The list of parameters is longer than what will fit on a
single screen view. Keep touching the ↓ button icon to
view the rest of the parameters.
4. Touch the PRINT button icon to receive a printout of all the
parameters. Save the printout for future reference.
Setup 4-20 CHN-2000

Definitions, Ranges, and Defaults
SCREEN TIME-OUT: Inactive time allowed before the

instrument automatically logs-off the current operator (if
Security procedure is configured) or initiates the screen save
mode (if Security procedure is not configured). Inactive time is
measured from the time of the last operator interaction or the
last analysis, whichever is most recent. The optimal time-out
cuts down on frequent log-ins, yet prevents unauthorized
operation when the system is idle. Default: 30 minutes, Range:
10 – 6000 minutes.
GAS TIME-OUT: Time allowed after the last analysis for furnace
purging. At time-out, combustion gas flow automatically shuts
off and carrier gas flow is reduced. It is beneficial to set the
time-out so that the system remains at high flow between
analyses. Maintaining a constant flow will provide more precise
analysis results. Default: 5 minutes, Range: 1 – 600 minutes.
MAXIMUM RESULTS IN DATABASE: The maximum number of
results that can be kept in the RESULTS file at any time. Once
this limit is reached, results must be deleted from the file (See
Results (page 5-42) in the Operation section) or maximum
records must be increased. The operator cannot continue to run
analyses until either of these procedures is done. Default:
10,000, Range: 500 - 32,000.
PURGE 8 TIME: The amount of time in seconds, during analysis,
that the instrument remains in the purge 8 state, clearing the
IR Cells of carbon and hydrogen providing more accurate
results. Refer to Gas Flow Analysis section (page 10-14) in the
Service chapter. Default: 3, Range: 0-999.
PURGE CYCLES: The number of times, during analysis, that the
combustion system pressurizes and depressurizes, changing
from purge 8 to purge 7 and back to purge 8, in order to clear
the IR Cells of carbon and hydrogen and provide more accurate
results. Refer to Gas Flow Analysis section (page 10-14) in the
Service chapter. Default: 2, Range: 0-9.
LABEL FOR ID CODE #2: A second label that can be used to
further categorize samples, such as by sample type or batch. If
left blank, this label is not displayed in the Analyze screen. This
label can be up to 10 characters long.
LABEL FOR ID CODE #3: A third label that can be used to
further categorize samples, such as by operator or lab unit. If
left blank, this label is not displayed in the Analyze screen. This
label can be up to 10 characters long.
CHN-2000 4-21 Setup

CONFIRM MODIFICATIONS: When set to YES, a pop-up window
will display when leaving a procedure where changes have
occurred. A pop-up window will still display to confirm or cancel
any deletions regardless of this setting.
USE ON-SCREEN KEYBOARD: When set to YES, all
alphanumeric edits can be performed using a pop-up
Touchscreen keyboard. If any touch keys are blocked by the
on-screen keyboard while performing a procedure, touch OK or
CANCEL to remove the keyboard. Default is NO. Refer to the
System Overview (page 4-9) for more information.
MOISTURE COMPENSATION: Allows for moisture correction.
When selected, moisture compensation is entered during
sample login. This correction factor will force all results for each
analysis to be displayed on a dry basis. When moisture
compensation is selected: 1) the result is compensated and 2)
moisture is entered as a weight percentage of the sample.
WEIGHTED CALIBRATION: This allows analyzed standards to be
statistically weighted according to their sigma (uncertainty)
when calibrating. Samples with a smaller sigma carry a greater
significance (heavier weight) than samples with a larger sigma.
This weighting is done internally when calibrating by standards,
and each point is displayed as a box (the smaller the box, the
heavier the weight) when viewing the calibration results plot.
Weighted Calibration is beneficial when analyzing multiple
standard material types. If set to NO, the column for entering
the sigma in the Define Standards procedure will not display.
ENABLE KEY BEEPER: If chosen, an audible beep will occur each
time a key is pressed or an on-screen selection is made.
WEIGHT LIST FROM DISK: When set to YES, the operator can
input sample log-in information into the Weight List from a
floppy. The Weight List must be empty. For detailed information
on this function, refer to the Operation section (page 5-59).
ENABLE STANDARD CHECK: When set to YES, after a sample is
analyzed, as a standard check sample, it is checked against the
Lower Control Limit (L.C.L.) and Upper Control Limit (U.C.L.)
defined during calibration. If the result is outside the range, a
warning message appears on the screen. These limits are
expressed in weight percentage.
SLASHED ZERO: Permits the operator to select Slashed Zeros.
Select YES to display zeros with a slash through them or NO to
display zeros without a slash through them.
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES: Number of digits used to display
results. The first significant digit is the left-most non-zero digit.
No figures will be displayed more than 3 places to the right of
the decimal point. An example for (3) significant digits includes:
0.123 ppm, 0.001 ppm, 1.23 ppm, and 123000 ppm. Default:
3, Range: 1 - 6.
Setup 4-22 CHN-2000

FINAL RESULT PRINT FORMAT: The printout format of
information gathered from each analysis. There are three
formats, boxed, normal, and extended. The BOXED format
tables the following information: date, method, operator,
counter, ID Code, result, peak, area, and time; the NORMAL
format prints the counter, ID code, weight, method, date, and
result; the EXTENDED format is the same as the normal but
includes the operator and optional ID codes.
BLANK LINES W/ PRINTOUTS: The number of blank lines
between each block of print. Choices: 0 - 4.
PRINT QUALITY: Allows the operator to choose Near Letter
Quality (NLQ), which is a higher quality print, or utility (UTIL),
which is faster.
CHARACTER PITCH: The number of characters per inch (CPI)
printed on a line. A lower CPI results in wider characters.
Default: 10 CPI. Choices are: 10, 12, 17, and 20.
CHN-2000 4-23 Setup

Balance Configuration
• This procedure configures the instrument for use with an

Note: external Balance. The parameters must match the
configuration of the Balance.
1. Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the parameter to be

edited.
2. Touch the desired option.
4. Touch the PRINT button to receive a printout of the
parameters.
Setup 4-24 CHN-2000

Balance Configuration Definitions
BALANCE MODE: Selections are Remote (attached Balance,

weight is entered from the Balance), Normal (attached Balance,
weight is entered from the Analyzer), Auto Tare (attached
Balance, automatic tare for weights over 20 g, weight is
entered from the Analyzer) or None (no attached Balance,
manual weight entry only). If None is chosen, only the Mg
Weight Display is relevant. Refer to the Weight Entry section for
more Balance mode information.
MG WEIGHT DISPLAY: Weight can be displayed in milligrams
(YES) or grams (NO).
TARE COMMAND: The command the Balance reads to tare is
either ‘T’, ‘ESC T’, or ‘T, CR, LF’. For Sartorious® AC121S
Balance, set ESC T.
BAUD RATE: Sets the speed, in bits per second, of
communication. Choices are: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600.
For Sartorious® Balances, set to 1200.
PARITY: Used to select the method of parity checking used by
the instrument. Choices: None, Even or Odd. For Sartorious®
AC121S Balance, set to odd.
DATA BITS: Used to select the number of bits per byte that the
Balance is set up to transmit and receive. Choices: 5 - 8. For
Sartorious® Balances, set to 7.
STOP BITS: Used to select the number of bits that are used to
signal the end of a data byte transmission. Choices are 1 or 2.
For Sartorious® AC121S Balance, set to 1.
CHN-2000 4-25 Setup

Set Clock
• On future power-ups, in order to log-in the set time and
Note: date must be later than that of the last stored result.
1. Touch the hour icon, then use the ↑ ↓ icons to set the
correct hour. Set the minutes and seconds the same way,
then touch the OK button icon.
2. Set the date in the same manner as the time.
3. Touch the OK button icon.
Setup 4-26 CHN-2000

Set Barometric Pressure
• This procedure only needs to be done upon initial power-up

Note: and after a software update.
1. Once the system has stabilized, enter the current

barometric pressure in mm Hg.
2. Press the OK button icon to exit.
CHN-2000 4-27 Setup

Set Helium Pressure
• The Set Barometric Pressure procedure should be performed

Note: before the Set Helium Pressure procedure.
1. Once the system has stabilized, remove the left panel and
locate the Helium Regulator. It is positioned directly behind
the rotameter.
2. Turn the adjustment screw until the pressure reads 1200-
mm Hg. (± 2 mm Hg.)
3. Replace the left Side Panel.
4. Touch the EXIT button icon.
Setup 4-28 CHN-2000

Data Transmit
• This procedure configures the instrument for

Note: communications with the data transmit peripheral.
1. Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the parameter to be

edited, then touch the desired option in the bullet box
based on the peripheral requirement.
3. Touch the PRINT button icon to print a paper copy of all
the parameters on the system printer.
CHN-2000 4-29 Setup

Data Transmit Definitions
POST-ANALYSIS TRANSMIT: If chosen, each result is

transmitted immediately after analysis. If not, results can be
transmitted only in the Results procedure.
BAUD RATE: Sets the transmission speed, in bits per second, of
transmission. Choices: 300, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600.
PARITY: Used to select the method of parity checking used.
Choices: None, Even or Odd.
DATA BITS: Used to select the number of bits per byte for data
that will be transmitted. Choices: 5 - 8.
STOP BITS: Used to select the number of bits that are used to
signal the end of a data byte transmission. Choices are 1 or 2.
ENABLE XON/XOFF: Permits the operator to select software,
XON/XOFF, handshake for communications with the host
computer. Selections are: Yes, use XON/OFF, or NO, do not use
XON/XOFF.
XON/XOFF TIME-OUT: Permits the operator to select the
maximum time necessary for the host computer to send a XON
character back to the Analyzer during data transmission. If the
time-out time is exceeded, an error message will occur. If an
error message is displayed, it could indicate a problem with the
host computer or the time out time was set too low. Range: 30
- 300 seconds. Default: 60 seconds.
Setup 4-30 CHN-2000

Modify Counters
• The Counters advance one count every analysis except

Notes: when performing Blank analysis.
• When the set Limit value is reached, a warning message will
appear on the Touchscreen.
• To determine the Limit value for each counter, refer to the
Periodic Maintenance Schedule in the Maintenance section
of this manual.
• This procedure may be accessed by touching the MODIFY
COUNTERS button icon on the Front Panel menu.
• In addition to the Slider, the highlighted Limit value may be
entered from the Keyboard.
1. Use the ↑ ↓ button icons to move the highlight to the

counter to be edited.
2. Touch the DELETE COUNTER to remover a counter from
the Counters screen.
3. Touch ADD COUNTER to replace a counter that has been
deleted.
4. Touch RESET COUNTER to reset the highlighted counter
value to zero.
5. Touch the highlight on the slider and slide it to the right or
left to select the Limit value. Moving it to the right
increases the value; to the left decreases the value.
6. Use the + and – button icons to precisely set the value.
CHN-2000 4-31 Setup

7. Touch the PRINT button icon to print a paper copy of the
counter values.
8. Touch the ESC button icon to exit this procedure.
Setup 4-32 CHN-2000

Set Pneumatic Pressure
• This procedure should only be performed if the Pneumatic

Notes: Pressure Regulator is replaced.
• This procedure can only be performed if the combustion
system is leak free. Perform a combustion system leak
check before performing this procedure.
• The pneumatic pressure adjustment sets the pneumatic
pressure on the ballast piston.
• To abort the adjustment procedure, touch CANCEL when the
pop-up menu is displayed.
1. Permit the Analyzer to stabilize, remove the left Side Panel

and locate the Pneumatic Regulator.
2. Turn the Adjustment Screw, on the pneumatic regulator,
counterclockwise ten turns.
3. Touch OK to pressurize the system.
4. After the system has stabilized, turn the adjustment screw
clockwise until the pressure indicates between 5 and 10
mm Hg above the stabilized pressure.
5. Touch OK to exit the pneumatic adjustment procedure. The
Setup menu will be displayed.
CHN-2000 4-33 Setup

5 Operation
Analyze Menu....................................................................5-3
Method Menu ....................................................................5-14
Security Protection.............................................................5-19
Calibrate Menu ..................................................................5-21
Reports Menu....................................................................5-42
Wake-Up Menu..................................................................5-57
Weight List from Disk .........................................................5-59
Errors, Warnings and Notices...............................................5-61
CHN-2000 5-1 Operation

5 Illustrations
Figure 5-1 .............. Sample Preparation...............................5-5

Figure 5-2 .............. View Calibration Result Screen Definitions .5-33
Figure 5-3 .............. Statistics Printouts................................5-50
Operation 5-2 CHN-2000

Analyze Menu
1. To access the analyze procedures, touch the Analyze Menu

icon.
• The top line displays the screen title and current method
Notes: being used.
• The box on the left displays up to the first 12 weights, the
total number of weights entered, and the sample weight last
entered, or currently being edited.
• The right side of the screen displays the final result, ID
codes, and sample weight.
• After each analysis, the result is placed at the end of the
Results list and the final result appears in the Results
Window. Each time the carbon, hydrogen, or nitrogen
window is touched, one of two displays can be viewed.
These displays, shown at right, are active during the
analysis and can be used to observe the progress of the
analysis.
• If an analysis is attempted and one or more of the gas
pressure(s) is less than 25 psi, an error message will appear
and prevent analysis until the problem is corrected. After
correction, the operator must wait until the system purges
before permitted to continue.

% Nitrogen
1.378
This window displays the nitrogen results
Nitrogen
Time = 40 Area = 4.369
Rate = 0.0008 Peak = 0.0460
This window displays the analysis time, the area under the
curve, the rate (milligrams of nitrogen read per second) being
released at that point of the analysis, and the peak (highest
offset measured during the analysis).
• Before analyzing any samples, select the appropriate

Notes: Analysis Method. Refer to the Method menu for more
details.
• The Sample Weights list will store up to 200 logged-in
sample weights in the order in which the samples were
entered.
• Samples to be analyzed are taken in the same order as they
were placed in the Sample Weights list. The operator’ must
identify and arrange the samples to match the order of the
Sample Weight entries.
• After each sample is analyzed it is placed in the Results List.
The Results List stores up to 32,000 analyses.
• Moisture is an optional compensation. To include moisture,
refer to System Configuration under Setup in the
Maintenance menu. If moisture compensation is turned off,
(NO), the moisture heading will not appear on any
operations screens.

CAPSULE METHOD
502-167
1. Place 604-373 4. Place capsule CAPSULE
holder on in holder and
balance. weigh.
2. Place capsule into 5. Remove capsule
holder and tare. from holder and
604-373
seal as shown.
3. Remove capsule SAMPLE
from holder and CUP HOLDER TO SEAL: FOLD CORNERS
CRIMP WITH UP INTO
add sample to
TWEEZERS DOG EARS
capsule.
FOIL METHODS
USING THE QUICK SAMPLER MANUAL PREPARATION USING THE FOILER
502-186
FOIL CUP
1. Place foil on balance 1. Place foil
(100/pk)
and tare. capsule
on balance
2. Place the 604-493 foil 604-398
and tare.
holder on a work SAMPLE
604-494
surface and center CUP HOLDER 2. Place it in
PLUNGER
the foil on the holder. the 601-495
foil holder.
3. Pull the plunger up
by the handled end ADD 3. Place the
SAMPLE 601-492
to make room for 601-491 PLUNGER
the sample in the funnel on
bottom of the tube the foil
and press the tube holder.
into sample material.
1. Place 604-398 4. Add sample.
Make sure the
sample is firmly holder on
5. Insert and
packed. balance.
press down
4. Place the end of 2. Place foil into the 601-492
holder and tare. plunger to
the tube in the
center of the foil pack the
3. Remove foil and 601-491
work the tube into sample. FUNNEL
holder from
the foil by pushing balance and add 6. Holding the
gently and rocking 502-210 sample to foil. plunger in
the tube back and TUBE
(500/pk) 4. Place holder on place, lift 502-186
forth. FOIL CUP
balance and the funnel
5. Firmly holding the up against (100/pk)
weigh.
plunger in place, the plunger,
5. Remove foil
lift the tube up. 502-186 then remove
from holder and 601-495
When the sample is FOIL CUP both pieces.
twist to seal. FOIL
in the foil, remove (100/pk)
7. Crimp the HOLDER
the sampler.
foil closed
6. Crimp the foil closed with tweezers.
601-489
with tweezers. 8. Remove and BASE
604-373 weigh.
7. Holding the sample
FOIL HOLDER
in place with the
tweezers, lift the
holder up off the
sample.
TWIST
FOIL
601-490
FOILER
SAMPLE PREPARATION
FIGURE 5-1

Sample Log-In
• Samples must first be logged-in, then weighed (see figure

Notes: 5-1 on page 5-5). Lab and Standard samples can be logged-
in from this screen.
• The ID Code allows the operator to enter a name for each
sample, such as a batch #, department name, etc. These ID
codes are placed in alphabetical order. Up to 150 ID Codes
can be stored in memory.
• Lab sample ID codes can be added or modified in this
procedure. However, standard samples must be added and
modified in the Define Standards procedure located in the
Calibration menu.
• To further categorize lab samples, two optional ID codes,
(ID Code 2 and ID Code 3) can be used. If these optional ID
codes are not given labels in the System Setup procedure,
the headings will not be displayed.
• For standard samples, ID Code 2 and ID Code 3 are
automatically used. The heading for ID Code 2 is ‘Lot
Number’, the heading for ID Code 3 is ‘Standard’.
• A standard ID code must be selected in order to use the
analysis values for calibration.
• If an ID Code is tagged with a method, a method selected
for use with a specific ID Code, any method previously
selected will be overwritten when that ID Code is used for
analysis.
• To stop analysis, HALT may be used as an ID Code. When
the ID Code HALT is reached, analysis will stop until the
operator restarts analysis by touching ANALYZE.

• The operator can set sample analysis counters by assigning
digits to the right most characters of the ID code. If the ID
code is numerical, place a space between the ID code and
the counter. Some examples include:
a. 5010551 01 (counter starts at 01 and goes to 99
before starting over).
b. Coal 100000 (counter starts at 100,000 and goes to
999,999 before starting over. Note that when the
counter starts over, it will begin at 1).
1. Touch the SELECT ID CODE button icon to choose an ID
Code:
a. To place a lab sample ID code in memory, touch the
ADD ID CODE button icon. Enter the new ID code then
press ENTER to move the cursor to enter additional ID
code information, such as Method, Moisture, ID Code 2,
and ID Code 3. After entering the ID code, touch the
OK button icon to save the ID code or touch the
CANCEL button icon to abort the addition and return to
the initial Sample Log-in screen. The ID code will
remain in memory unless deleted. After the ID Code is
entered, the parameters stored with the ID Code will
be permanently attached. As an example, the method
tagged with the ID Code will always be used. If
necessary, the same ID Code can be used again with
other parameters, example: another method.
b. To select either a standard or lab sample ID Code
already in memory, touch either the ↑ or ↓ button icon
to move the highlight block to the ID code to be used
and touch the ESC button icon. The instrument returns
to the Analyze screen and the highlighted ID code is
displayed on the Log-in Sample line of the Sample
Weights box.
c. To view additional ID code information before making a
selection, touch the NEXT FIELD button icon to
highlight additional ID code information, such as the
second ID code, third ID code, or moisture.
d. When an ID code is no longer needed in memory, use
the arrow keys to highlight the ID code and touch the
DELETE ID CODE button icon.
2. Weights can now be entered into the Sample Weights list.
Refer to the Sample Weight Entry section for more
information. Additional samples can continue to be logged-
in without returning to the Select ID Code procedure,
unless a different ID code is used.
3. To edit the ID code without using the Select ID Code
procedure, touch the Log-in Sample box then enter the
new ID code using the external keyboard.

Sample Weight Entry
• The default sample weight is 0.200 g. The system accepts

Notes: sample weights ranging from 0.0001 - 9.9999 g. To log-in
samples with unknown materials, keep the sample weight
close to the 0.200 g nominal weight. Most samples use
weights between 0.2 and 0.4 grams for most accurate
analyses.
• Two factors are used to determine the appropriate sample
weight:
1. The rate of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen release must
be below the cell saturation point.
2. The ability of the sample to combust and provide good
precision, as noted in the sample results.
• Up to 200 sample weights can be stored in the Sample
Weight list.
• Balance set-up information is located in the Installation
section of this manual.
1. There are four different types of weight entry which can be
established in the Balance Configuration procedure (See
System Setup). The following procedures describe the use
of each entry.
a. Remote entry
1.) Place the tin foil on the Balance Pan and press TARE
on the Balance.
2.) Add sample material.
3.) When the Balance stabilizes, press PRINT on the
Balance to send the sample weight to the
instrument. The weight and sample log-in
information is automatically stored in the Sample
Weight list.
• For Remote weight entry, pressing ENTER on the keyboard
Note: before pressing PRINT on the Balance enters an incorrect
weight into the list. Touch the DELETE WEIGHT button icon
to remove the incorrect weight and begin the weight entry
procedure again.
b. Normal entry or Auto Tare
1.) Place the tin foil on the Balance pan and press TARE
on the Balance or touch the BALANCE TARE button
icon on the screen (or, if Auto Tare is selected and a
weight of 20 grams or more is placed on the
Balance, the Balance tares automatically).
2.) Add sample material.

3.) When the Balance stabilizes, touch the ENTER
WEIGHT button icon to store the weight and sample
log-in information in the Sample Weight list.
• For Normal or Auto Tare weight entry, pressing PRINT on
Note: the Balance stops the live read-out, invalidates the TARE
key, and allows the operator to enter only the weight
shown. Press the PRINT key again to resume normal
operation.
c. None: This option should be chosen when a Balance is
not interfaced with the instrument. If None is chosen,
the Analyze screen will not display BALANCE TARE, and
all weights must be entered on the keyboard.
2. MANUAL WEIGHT can be touched at any time to enter a
weight via the keyboard. If the system is not in the Manual
Weight Entry mode and a weight is being manually
entered, the system will automatically switch to the
Manual Weight Entry Mode.
Delete Weight
Touch the DELETE WEIGHT button icon to remove the last

weight entered into the Sample Weight List. To remove a
weight that is not at the end of the list, refer to the Sample
Weight procedure (page 5-55).
Analysis
• The Furnace Temperature is checked at the beginning of

Notes: every analysis. If the temperature changes during an
analysis, due to hardware failure, analysis will stop.
• If analysis is started, with the Furnace temperature out of
range, the Furnace will ramp to the required temperature,
stabilize, then analysis will begin.

Analysis – Manual Loading
• All steps in Installation, Initial Power-up, System Check,

Notes: and Setup must be completed and the Analyzer must be ON
for a minimum of thirty minutes before analyzing samples.
• Only turn the power OFF if the instrument malfunctions.
• An analysis method must be established before analyzing.
Refer to the Method menu for more information. (During the
manufacturing process, a method will be created that the
operator can use).
• Accurate results are obtained after the instrument has been
calibrated. Refer to the Calibration menu for more
information (During the manufacturing process, a
calibration will be created that the operator can use).
1. To begin analysis of a sample, log-in as a user of the
instrument, and weigh the samples. Record the weights for
use in step 6.
2. Select the Front Panel menu if another menu is displayed.
Touch the ESC or FRONT PANEL button icon. From the
Front Panel menu, select Sampler - MANUAL, Printer - ON
and Analysis Flow - Gas ON.
• The Front Panel also indicates the status of the instrument.
Note: Check every parameter and determine if changes are
necessary based on the sample being analyzed.
3. Select the CHN-2000 menu by touching the ESC button
icon. From the CHN-2000 menu select Analyze by touching
the ANALYZE button icon.
4. Start logging-in samples by touching the LOG-IN button
icon and entering the sample name.
5. Enter the weight of each sample by touching the MANUAL
WEIGHT button icon and entering the weight in mg after
each sample name is entered.
6. After the sample name and weight are logged-in, enter the
name and weight into the Sample Weight List by touching
the ENTER WEIGHT button icon.
7. Continue filling the Sample Weight List using the procedure
in steps five through six. After all samples are logged-in,
review the stack and check the weights with the recorded
weights in step 1.
8. Start Manual Analysis by touching the ANALYZE button
icon. A pop-up window will appear and ask if the sample
has been loaded into the Loading Head.
a. Touch YES if the sample is in the loading head.
Analysis will begin.
b. Touch NO if the sample has not been loaded. The
Analyzer will wait until the sample is loaded.

c. Touch CANCEL to abort analysis and return to sample
weight entry.
9. During analysis, ANALYZE becomes ABORT ANALYSIS.
a. Touch the ABORT ANALYSIS button icon and a pop-up
window will be displayed allowing the operator to abort
or reset the analysis.
b. Touch the CONTINUE ANALYSIS button icon to continue
analyzing the current sample.
c. If the sample has not dropped into the Furnace, touch
the RESET ANALYSIS button icon to stop the analysis
and remove the sample. The weight will be restored to
the top of the Sample Weights list.
d. If the sample has dropped into the Furnace, touch the
ABORT ANALYSIS button icon to stop analysis of the
current sample. The sample weight is removed from
the Weight list and the result of the aborted analysis is
displayed and saved. Note that the result will be
incomplete.
e. To stop analysis after current analysis is complete,
touch the HALT AFTER ANALYSIS button icon.
• During analysis, a double line borders the bottom and right
Notes: side of the Result Window. When the analysis is complete
for an element, the border becomes a thick line. The
analysis is complete when all three Result Window borders
are thick lines, ABORT ANALYSIS returns to ANALYZE, and
the printer prints the result.
Window.
• During analysis, the Valve State and Ballast Tank pressures
are displayed in the first two element blocks. This serves as
a diagnostic for the operator and LECO® Service
Department if necessary.
• If another analysis is not started in the amount of time
specified in Gas Conservation Time-out, the oxygen flow
turns off and the helium flow rate drops to a lower rate.
• If the instrument remains idle for the amount of time
specified in Screen Time-out, the operator is logged-off.

Analysis – Automatic Loading
• For Automatic Loading of Samples, the multi-sample

Notes: Carousel must be installed. Refer to the Option section of
this manual.
• All steps in Installation, Initial Power-up, System Check,
and Setup must be completed and the Analyzer must be ON
for a minimum of thirty minutes before analyzing samples.
• Only turn the power OFF if the instrument malfunctions.
• An analysis method must be established before analyzing.
Refer to the Method menu for more information. (During the
manufacturing process, a method will be created that the
operator can use.)
• Accurate results are obtained after the instrument has been
calibrated. Refer to the Calibration menu for more
information. (During the manufacturing process, a
calibration will be created that the operator can use.)
• The instrument analyzes until the Sample Weight list is
empty.
1. To begin analysis of many samples, log-in as a user of the
instrument, weigh the samples, and record the weights for
use in step 5.
2. Select the Front Panel menu if another menu is displayed
and then touch the ESC or FRONT PANEL button icon.
3. From the Front Panel menu select Sampler - AUTO, Printer
- ON and Analysis Flow - Gas ON.
• The Front Panel also indicates the status of the instrument,
Note: check every parameter and determine if changes are
necessary based on the sample being analyzed.
4. Select the CHN-2000 menu by touching the ESC button
icon. From the CHN-2000 menu select Analyze by touching
the ANALYZE button icon.
5. Start logging-in samples by touching the LOG-IN button
icon and entering the sample name.
6. Enter the weight of each sample by touching the MANUAL
WEIGHT button icon and entering the weight in mg after
each sample name is entered.
7. After the sample name and weight are logged-in, enter the
name and weight into the Sample Weight List by touching
the ENTER WEIGHT button icon.
8. Continue filling the Sample Weight List using the procedure
in steps five through seven. After all samples are logged-
in, review the stack and check the weights with the
recorded weights in step 1.

9. Start Automatic Analysis by touching the ANALYZE button
icon. The first sample will drop and analysis will begin.
10. During analysis, ANALYZE becomes ABORT ANALYSIS.
a. Touch the ABORT ANALYSIS button icon and a pop-up
window will be displayed allowing the operator to abort
or reset the analysis.
b. Touch the CONTINUE ANALYSIS button icon to continue
analyzing the current sample.
c. If the sample has not dropped into the Furnace, touch
the RESET ANALYSIS button icon to stop the analysis
and remove the sample. The weight will be restored to
the top of the Sample Weights list.
d. If the sample has dropped into the Furnace, touch the
ABORT ANALYSIS button icon to stop analysis of the
current sample. The sample weight is removed from
the Weight list and the result of the aborted analysis is
displayed and saved. Note that the result will be
incomplete.
e. To stop analysis after current analysis is complete,
touch the HALT AFTER ANALYSIS button icon.
• During analysis, a double line borders the bottom and right
Notes: side of the Result Window. When the analysis is complete
for an element, the border becomes a thick line. The
analysis is complete when all three Result Window borders
are thick lines, ABORT ANALYSIS returns to ANALYZE and
the printer prints the result.
Window.
• During analysis, the Valve State and Ballast Tank pressures
are displayed in the first two element blocks. This serves as
a diagnostic for the operator and LECO® Service
Department if necessary.
• If another analysis is not started in the amount of time
specified in Gas Conservation Time-out, the oxygen flow
turns off and the helium flow rate drops to a lower rate.
• If the instrument remains idle for the amount of time
specified in Screen Time-out, the operator is logged-off.

Method Menu
• This procedure allows the operator to create and select the

Notes: method (analysis configuration) to be used and set the
system and analysis parameters for each method. The
method chosen will be used in all future analyses until a
different method is chosen.
• Up to 100 methods can be created and stored in the
Methods procedure.
• Each method can represent not only a type of material, but
also a specific range.
• The calibration procedure can be performed for each
method or the operator can manually enter constants from
another method.
1. Touch the METHOD icon to display this screen:
2. To CREATE A NEW METHOD, touch the ADD METHOD

button icon and enter the method Name (eight characters
maximum, including spaces) and Description using the
keyboard. Touch the OK button icon to save the new
method or touch the CANCEL button icon to erase it.
3. Once the new method is created, special instructions can
be added and system and analysis parameters can be
edited.

a. Make sure the highlight block is on the new method. If
not, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to move the highlight
block to the new method.
b. Touch the MODIFY METHOD button icon to display the
method card.
c. This screen displays the method name, author (the

operator logged-in when the method was created), the
date the method was originally created, and the most
recent date of modification. These fields are not
editable.
d. The highlight block is currently on the Description line.
If necessary, it can be edited here.
e. To add special instructions, press ENTER and the
highlight block moves to the INSTRUCTION line. Use
the keyboard to enter preparation, handling, or
procedural information for the new method.
f. To view or edit System Parameters, touch the NEXT
button icon, or, if the on-screen keyboard is being
used, touch the OK button icon.

g. To view or edit Oxygen Profile, touch the NEXT button
icon. Four different oxygen flow rates can be selected
for up to 5 flow times per an analysis. The fifth flow
rate cannot be set to zero.
h. Any of the system or analysis parameters (Furnace

Operating Temperature, Carbon Sampler Threshold,
Hydrogen Sampler Threshold, Nitrogen Sampler
Threshold, Nitrogen Analysis Time, N2 Atmospheric
Blank, Nitrogen Analysis, TC Cell Gain, and Oxygen
Profile) can be edited. There are two ways to edit the
parameters:
1.) If the on-screen keyboard has been selected, the
keypad will be displayed. Touch ↑↓ to highlight the
parameter to be edited. Enter the new value on the
keypad then press ENTER.
2.) If the on-screen keyboard is not selected, use the
external keyboard to enter desired system
parameter values. After the value has been entered,
press ENTER.
i. Touch the ESC button icon to exit this procedure.
4. TO SELECT AN ESTABLISHED METHOD, touch the ↑ or ↓
button icons to move the highlight block to the desired
method, then touch the ESC button icon to exit this
procedure. The selected method will appear on the Front
Panel screen. It will also appear on the analysis screen if
NO is selected for nitrogen analysis. If an ID Code is
tagged for use with a specific ID Code, any method
previously selected will be overwritten when that ID Code
is used for analysis (see Sample Log-in on page 5-6).
5. Touch the VIEW METHOD button icon to observe the
method card and the parameters for the highlighted
method. Edits cannot be made using the View Method
function. View Method is available to operators who do not
have super-user access to the Method procedure.

6. Touch the PRINT METHOD button icon to receive a printout
of the method card information and the parameter values.
Print Method is available to operators who do not have
super-user access to the Method procedure.
7. Touch the DELETE METHOD button icon to erase the
highlighted method. Delete Method is especially useful
when a method becomes obsolete, or the Methods list is
too long.
8. Touch the ESC button icon to return to the Main screen.
System Analysis Parameter Definitions:
FURNACE OPERATING TEMPERATURE: Combustion Furnace

temperature during an analysis. Nominal: 950o C, Range: 25 -
1000o C.
REAGENT OPERATING TEMPERATURE: Reagent Furnace
temperature during an analysis. Nominal: 950o C, Range: 25 -
1000o C.
REPORT CARBON: Determines if the Carbon Result will be
displayed and printed. Selections are: YES, display and print
the carbon result or NO, do not display and print the carbon
result.
ABSOLUTE CARBON UNITS: Determines the units in which the
carbon result will be displayed. Selections are: YES, the
hydrogen result will be displayed in grams, or NO, the hydrogen
result will be displayed in percent carbon.
CARBON UNITS: The operator defined unit for reporting carbon
results.
CARBON FACTOR: The operator defined factor used to convert
percentage of carbon to the user defined unit.
CARBON SAMPLER THRESHOLD: The minimum carbon sample
result permitted to continue operation of the auto-sampler.
REPORT HYDROGEN: Determines if the Hydrogen Result will be
displayed and printed. Selections are: YES, display and print
the hydrogen result, or NO, do not display and print the
hydrogen result.
ABSOLUTE HYDROGEN UNITS: Determines the units in which
the hydrogen result will be displayed. Selections are: YES, the
hydrogen result will be displayed in grams, or NO, the hydrogen
HYDROGEN UNITS: The operator defined unit for reporting
hydrogen results.
HYDROGEN FACTOR: The operator defined factor used to
convert percentage of hydrogen to the user defined unit.

HYDROGEN SAMPLER THRESHOLD: The minimum hydrogen
sample result permitted to continue operation of the auto-
sampler
ANALYZE NITROGEN: Analyze Nitrogen is selectable, YES or
NO. If no is selected, the helium supply is turned off conserving
gas and reagents. Total analysis time, and analysis time for
carbon and hydrogen only, may slightly decrease.
ABSOLUTE NITROGEN UNITS: Determines the units in which
the nitrogen result will be displayed. Selections are: YES, the
nitrogen result will be displayed in grams, or NO, the nitrogen
NITROGEN UNITS: The operator defined unit for reporting
nitrogen results.
NITROGEN FACTOR: The operator defined factor used to
convert percentage of nitrogen to the user defined unit.
NITROGEN SAMPLER THRESHOLD: The minimum nitrogen
sample result permitted to continue operation of the auto-
sampler.
NITROGEN ANALYSIS TIME: The minimum time allotted for
sample gas integration. This time must be long enough to cover
the entire peak, although, too long a time will cause excessive
sample analysis time. Nominal : 40 seconds
N2 ATMOSPHERIC BLANK: The amount of nitrogen blank,
introduced from the atmosphere, trapped within a solid sample.
Nominal: .040%
TC CELL GAIN: Eight TC Cell Amplifier Gains are selectable,
100, 600, 1000, 1500, 2600, 3100, 3500, and 4000. By
increasing or decreasing the gain, the proper resolution can be
chosen for the amount of element available in the sample gas.
For small amounts of nitrogen, the amplifier gain should be
increased.
OXYGEN PROFILE: The purpose of the oxygen profile is to
achieve complete combustion in the least amount of time with
the most efficient use of oxygen. Five flow times are available
with a maximum time setting of 999 seconds each. Four flow
rates are available: Zero, Low, Medium and High. When
determining a flow rate the aim is to avoid incomplete
combustion. The 5th flow time cannot be set to Zero flow rate.

Security Protection
• This procedure should be completed by the primary

Notes: person(s) responsible for instrument operation and is best
completed after system configuration is complete.
• To access this procedure, the operator must be signed on as
a Superuser.
• If no operators are listed in the security list, the operator at
power-up is automatically signed on as a Superuser. If
there are operators in the security list, the operator must
sign on as Superuser by touching SIGN ON and typing
“SUPERUSER”.
• This procedure allows the superuser to add additional
operators with or without restricted access to procedures.
• The superuser can forbid operator access to the following
procedures: Method (Add, Delete, Modify), Analyze,
Calibration, Edit Calibration, Define Standards, Blanks
Recalculate Results, Edit Results, Drift Correction, Software
Update, System Configuration, Balance Configuration, Set
Clock, Set Barometer, Diagnostics Set Helium Pressure,
Modify Counters Data Transmit, I/O Diagnostics, Furnace
Diagnostics, Set Pneumatic Pressure, Set Helium Pressure.
1. Touch the MAINTENANCE icon, then touch the SECURITY
icon to open this procedure.
2. To add a new operator, touch the ADD OPERATOR button

icon. A pop-up window will be displayed prompting for a
name and password. Enter the new operator name, press
ENTER, and then enter an optional password of up to ten
characters. Touch the OK button icon to accept the new
name and password or touch the CANCEL button icon to
abort the addition.

3. To configure new operator access:
a. Make sure that the new operator is the highlighted
operator. If not, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to move
the highlight block to the correct operator.
b. If the Access column displays YES (the procedure
access default is YES), for the procedure displayed by
the procedure icon, access can be denied to the new
operator by touching the TOGGLE ACCESS button icon.
The Access column should change to NO.
c. To deny access to additional procedures, touch
PREVIOUS ICON or NEXT ICON and perform step 3b.
4. Touch the PRINT OPERATORS button icon to print a paper
copy of the list of operators and their access privileges on
the system printer.
5. To delete the operator marked by the highlight block,
touch the DELETE OPERATOR button icon. Touch the ↑ or ↓
button icon to highlight the correct operator to delete.
When the pop-up window appears, touch either YES to
complete the deletion or NO to abort the deletion.
6. To change either the name or the password of the operator
marked by the highlight block, touch the MODIFY
OPERATOR button icon. If the wrong operator is
highlighted, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to highlight the
correct operator. A pop-up window will display the current
name and password. Use the keyboard to edit the name,
password, or both.
• Only the superuser’s password can be changed. The name
Notes: SUPERUSER remains the same. To change the superuser’s
password, highlight the name superuser and touch the
MODIFY OPERATOR button icon.
• In case Security Protection must be restored, the Superuser
should keep a printout of the operators and their procedure
access.
• If the password of the Superuser is forgotten, call the
LECO® Service Department.

Calibrate Menu
• Calibration, which can be performed through Standard,

Notes: Manual, or Drift Calibration, allows the operator to calibrate
the system based upon previously analyzed standards.
• Check system calibration periodically for accuracy.
• Calibration is most accurate when a minimum of five
standard results are used.
• Before performing the Standard Calibration procedure,
define the standard to be used for calibration, then select
the defined standard ID when performing analyses, and
analyze the number of standards to be used in calculating
the new calibration.
• The Edit Moisture procedure is not exclusively a function of
calibration, but can be used to change the moisture value of
any result. See the Edit Moisture procedure for more
information.
• The Calibration procedure should be performed for each
method.
• For quick access to a specific result, use the Scroll Bar
located at the right of the screen, to change the cursor
direction and position. Touch the highlighted block within
the scroll bar and slide it up or down.

Define Standards
• Define Standards allows the operator to input and maintain

Notes: a list of ID Codes with pertinent information on the
standards that will be used in calibration. This procedure
only needs to be performed once for each standard that will
be used, unless information changes.
• Sigma is the uncertainty of a Standard expressed as an
absolute weight. This value will only be displayed if
weighted calibration is set to YES during Setup.
• Lower and Upper Control Limits are defined in Setup section
of this manual.
1. Touch the CALIBRATE icon then the DEFINE STANDARDS

2. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to move the cursor up or
down one line.
3. Touch the ADD STANDARD button icon and a pop-up
window displays allowing the operator to enter a new
standard ID code, lot #, standard, lower control limit,
upper control limit, and sigma. When the values are all
entered, touch the OK button icon to add the standard to
the list or touch the CANCEL button icon to abort the
addition and return to the initial Define Standards screen.
4. To edit an existing standard, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon
to highlight the standard then the MODIFY STANDARD
button icon. A pop-up window displays the standard ID
code for editing. After editing, touch the OK button icon to
apply the edits to the highlighted standard or touch the
CANCEL button icon to abort the edit procedure and return
to the initial Define Standards screen.

• The standard ID code can be any identifying name or
Notes: number, such as the part number or bureau number.
• The ID code must contain at least one alphanumeric
character.
• A standard can only be defined once.
• No two standard or lab sample ID codes can have the same
ID code information.
• The standards list is always sorted alphanumerically.
• The heading for ID Code #2 is ‘Lot Number’; heading for ID
Code #3 is ‘Standard’.
5. Touch the DELETE STANDARD button icon to remove the
highlighted standard from the list. A pop-up window
displays allowing the operator to confirm or abort the
deletion. Touch YES to confirm or NO to abort.
6. Touch the PRINT button icon to print out the list of defined
standards.

Drift Correction
• Drift Correction shifts the calibration curve to compensate

Notes: for changes in the instrument’s hardware that takes place
during normal operation.
• Only ONE Standard can be chosen for drift correction.
• Three to five samples should be analyzed for drift
correction.
• Drift correction should be performed on a daily basis.
1. To open this procedure, touch the CALIBRATE icon then
the DRIFT CORRECTION icon, and then select CARBON,
HYDROGEN and/or NITROGEN from the pop-up window.
2. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to change cursor direction or

move the cursor up or down one line.
3. Touch PgUp or PgDn to display another screen of
standards. (The cord key at right indicates the relative
position of the cursor within the list.)
4. To view additional answer information before selecting,
touch the NEXT FIELD button icon to view the following
information:
#, ID Code, Weight, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Method
#, ID Code, Operator, ID Code 2, ID Code 3
#, ID Code, Weight, Carbon, Peak, Method, Time
#, ID Code, Weight, Hydrogen, Peak, Method, Time
#, ID Code, Weight, Nitrogen, Area, Method, Time
#, ID Code, Carbon, Method, Moisture, Time & Date
#, ID Code, Hydrogen, Method, Moisture, Time & Date
#, ID Code, Nitrogen, Method, Moisture, Time & Date
5. Touch the INCLUDE RESULT button icon to highlight the

line marked by the cursor and move the cursor one line in
the direction specified on screen.

6. Touch the EXCLUDE RESULT button icon to remove the
highlight from the line marked by the cursor and move the
cursor one line in the direction specified on screen.
7. Touch the PROCESS RESULTS button icon and the
instrument calculates the new calibration based on the
included results. A pop-up window will appear. Touch the
OK button icon to save the calibration and print it on the
system printer. Touch the CANCEL button icon to abort the
new calibration.
8. Touch the ESC button icon to exit this procedure.

Calibration
• For the most accurate calibration, analyze three to five

Notes: standard samples at various weights before performing this
procedure (see Calibration procedure on page 5-26 and the
Theory of Operation section beginning on page 7-3).
• Calibration was performed during manufacturing after
assembly. Unless the instrument was serviced and major
assemblies changed, or the operator suspects measurement
inaccuracies, only Drift Correction is necessary.
the CALIBRATION icon, and then select CARBON,
HYDROGEN and/or NITROGEN from the pop-up window.

3. Touch PgUp or PgDn to display another screen of
standards. (The cord key at right indicates the relative
position of the cursor within the list.)
information:

the direction specified on screen.
cursor one line in the direction specified on screen.
instrument calculates the new calibration based on the
included results. If an included sample is not defined, a
pop-up window will be displayed allowing the operator to
define or exclude the sample(s). If the operator has
security access to the Define Standards procedure, the
newly defined standard will be added to the standards list.
Only operators with Define Standards access may define
standards.
Explanation of the Calibration Screen
The chart on the right displays a plot of the chosen standards:

• The X-axis represents the measured milligrams of
element.
• The Y-axis represents the theoretical (or ideal)
milligrams of elements, as computed by the software,
according to sample weight and entered concentration.
• When Weighted Calibration is chosen, box height is
proportional to the uncertainty of the standard (the
sigma set in Define Standards).

The chart on the left side of the screen displays the chosen
standards and a set of statistics:
• Range indicates the minimum and maximum values
used in calibration. It can be used to observe the
overall spread. Fit is a statistical value indicating how
close the determined values in the results box match up
to the selected point of the calibration curve. This value
should be close to zero.
• Curve indicates the order and type of calibration curve
chosen. See curve type (page 7-10).
• The sample marked by the arrow on the list is also
marked by cross hairs in the chart on the right.
• The equation across the top right side of the screen is the
Note: calibration equation. Depending on the Calibration Curve
and intercept selected. Refer to Calibration Curves and
Intercept in the Theory of Operation section on page 7-10.
The equation can consist of up to four components, where
the numbers (coefficients) are used to determine the
calibration.
down one line in the list of chosen results on the left.
9. Touch the NEXT FIELD button icon to toggle the third
column in the standards list between % Error, Peak, Area,
and Weight. When these fields are displayed, the chart
shows these points, where the X-axis is always going to
space the selected points evenly and the Y-axis will display
the % Error, Peak, Area, or Weight.
10. Touch the EXCLUDE RESULT button icon to ghost-out the
result marked by the arrow and cross hairs. This allows the
operator to exclude results that seem to deviate
significantly from the calibration curve. To help identify
erratic points, touch the NEXT FIELD button icon until the
% Error is shown on the plot.
11. Touch the INCLUDE RESULT button icon to put an excluded
result back in the list and on the chart.
12. Touch the CURVE TYPE button icon to change the
calibration curve. The default curve is linear, with a
regressed intercept for nitrogen and cubic with a regressed
intercept for carbon and hydrogen. These parameters
cover most calibration applications. If fixed intercept is
selected, a pop-up window will display allowing the
operator to edit the element intercept. To determine the
intercept, calculate the average of the standard analyses
performed before accessing this procedure. Enter this
average using the keyboard, then touch the OK button icon
to save the new intercept or touch the CANCEL button icon
to erase the edits. Refer to the Theory of Operation (page
7-10) for more information on curves and intercepts.

13. Touch the ZOOM IN/OUT button icon to enlarge the view of
the area surrounding the result marked by the cross hairs.
Touch the ZOOM IN/OUT button icon again to enlarge the
view once more. Touch the ZOOM IN/OUT button icon a
third time to return the view to normal.
• Note that the results used to calculate the new calibration
Notes: have not changed. Refer to Recalculate Results (page 5-38)
to update these and any other results.
• When exiting this procedure a pop-up window displays to
confirm the calibration. If YES is touched, the calibration is
saved and the screen is printed automatically.
• Save the calibration printout sheet. If a Manual Calibration
needs to be performed, the operator will need to use the
printout

Typical Calibration Procedure
• Calibration of the instrument was done during the

Notes: manufacturing process. If calibration becomes necessary,
the following calibration method is recommended.
• The recommended calibration sample is EDTA.
• Blank values must be removed prior to starting this
procedure.
• The procedure and examples shown below are for carbon.
Calibration for nitrogen and hydrogen is the same except for
the element selected.
• To access the Calibration Results screen touch Calibrate
from the Main menu and then Calibrate from the Calibration
menu.
1. Perform analysis on the samples listed below. Refer to
Sample Analysis, in the operating section, for sample
analysis instructions. The first 26 analyses should be
performed using EDTA as the standard. The first 3 are
used to prime the system and should not be used for
calibration.
TYPE QUANTITY WEIGHT
EDTA PRIMER 3 200 mg
EDTA 2 400 mg
EDTA 2 300 mg
EDTA 2 200 mg
EDTA 3 150 mg
EDTA 4 100 mg
EDTA 4 50 mg
BLANK 10 -

2. With the Calibration Results screen displayed, touch
INCLUDE RESULT and include the results used for
calibration.
3. Touch PROCESS RESULTS to begin calibration. If the ID

Code displayed on the calibration results screen was not
defined as a standard, the Define Standard pop-up menu
will be displayed.
4. Touch DEFINE STANDARD to define the selected result as a
standard and enter the standard value. The Defining a
Standard screen will be displayed.
5. Enter the Standard Value from the standard container for
all elements (carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen). Touch
PRINT to receive a printout of the standard and the
standard values on the system printer.
6. Touch ESC to display the View Calibration Results screen
and evaluate the calculated calibration curve (see figure 5-2
on page 5-33).
7. To determine if the calibration was properly performed,
observe the Fit Value. The Fit Value is determined by how
close the calibration points fall with respect to the
calculated curve. The lower the Fit Value, the better the
calibration and the more accurate the results will be.
8. If the Fit Value is high, touch NEXT FIELD to observe the
amount of error. Scroll through the results by touching
↑ ↓ . Identify the results that vary considerably from the
group average.

9. Touch EXCLUDE RESULT to exclude the result for
calibration that varied considerably from the group
average. The result will be ghosted and not used to
calculate the calibration.
10. In order to lower the Fit Value even further, the Calibration
Curve type can be selected. Touch CURVE TYPE from the
View Calibration Results screen. The Select Calibration
Curve Type pop-up menu will be displayed.
11. From the Select Calibration Curve Type pop-up menu,
select another curve type and observe the Fit Value. If it’s
lower, it should be used. If it’s higher the original one, this
one should be used. Select the Calibration Curve Type that
yields the lowest Fit Value.
12. From the View Calibration Results screen, touch ESC and
the Save Calibration pop-up menu will be displayed. Touch
OK to save and print the calibration. Touch CANCEL to
abort calibration and return to the calibration menu.

1. ELEMENT EQUATION: The polynomial used to calculate the
calibration curve. Selections of order are: Linear,
Quadratic, or Cubic. Selections of type are: Regressed or
Fixed.
2. ELEMENT: The Element ID Code or Element Result is
displayed in this column. Element Result is the percentage
of element contained in the sample.
3. ELEMENT PARAMETER VALUE: The value of the element
parameter is displayed in this column. Selections are:
Result, % Error, Peak, and Weight.
4. *RANGE: The low and high value of the parameter
displayed in the element parameter value column.
5. *FIT: Indicates how close the calibration results are with
respect to the calculated calibration curve. A low fit value
insures accurate calibration. This value is expressed in
scientific notation.
6. *CURVE: The type of equation used to calculate the
calibration curve. Refer to element equation.
7. *VERTICAL AXIS: The calibration element weight is plotted
on the vertical axis. The units of measure are milligrams.
8. CROSS HAIRS: The cross hairs indicate the position on the
calibration curve where the calibration result marked by
the cursor falls. In the example above, calibration result
number 46 is marked by the cursor. The indicated
calibration result is also shown below the horizontal axis.
9. *HORIZONTAL AXIS: The measured amount of element
that is contained in the sample. The units of measure are
milligrams.
* Also refer to Calibration on page 5-26.
VIEW CALIBRATION RESULTS SCREEN DEFINITIONS

FIGURE 5-2

Definitions:
% ERROR: The difference between the sample result and its

closest position to the calibration curve. The greater the error,
the further the result is from the calculated calibration curve.
PEAK: The theoretical or computed element result. The peak is
calculated using the standard value and sample weight.
RESULT: The amount of element contained in the sample.
Result is measured as a percentage of the total sample.
WEIGHT: The weight of the sample measured before
combustion. Weight is expressed in milligrams.

Edit Calibration
• This procedure allows the operator to change the calibration

Note: coefficients and the range in which the calibration is valid.
THIS ROUTINE SHOULD ONLY BE USED TO ENTER A
PREEXISTENT CALIBRATION THAT HAS BEEN LOST. Normal
calibration should be performed using the Calibration
procedure.
1. Touch the CALIBRATION icon then the EDIT CALIBRATION
icon to edit the calibration coefficients.
2. To change any value, touch the appropriate box and enter

the new value on the keypad.
a. Refer to the calibration equation on the standard
calibration printout, then edit the displayed coefficients
by touching the appropriate box and entering the new
value on the keypad.
b. In the range boxes enter the low and high
concentrations used to calculate the calibration in the
Calibration procedure.
3. Touch the PLOT button icon to view the change before
saving it. The original calibration is displayed as a dotted
line, while the newly edited calibration curve is displayed
as a solid line.
4. Touch the RESET CALIBRATION button icon to reset the
equation to its last saved values.
5. Touch the PRINT button icon to receive a printed copy of
the old sulfur calibration and equation, and new sulfur
calibration and equation.

Edit Results
• Moisture is the amount of water in the sample expressed as

Notes: a percentage of the weight.
• Edit moisture allows the operator to compensate analysis
results for moisture, for both standard samples and lab
samples. An asterisk indicates dry basis (moisture
compensated) results (*).
• Moisture Compensation must be set to YES in System
Configuration in order to access this procedure.
• If Moisture Compensation is set to NO Modify Units will be
displayed in place of Modify Moisture.
• This procedure also allows the operator to change the
moisture value of a standard or lab sample.
1. Touch the CALIBRATION icon and then the EDIT
MOISTURE icon to open this procedure.
2. To change the moisture content, touch the ↑ or ↓ button

icon to highlight the sample to be changed or to change
the cursor direction, then touch the MODIFY MOISTURE
button icon. Enter the new moisture content using the
number keypad, then press ENTER.
a. The first moisture value entered appears in the Memory
1 box. To apply this value to another result, mark the
result and touch the MEMORY 1 button icon, then press
ENTER.
b. The second moisture value entered appears in the
Memory 2 box. To apply this value to additional results,
highlight the result and touch the MEMORY 2 button
icon, then press ENTER.

3. To change the weight values, touch ↑ or ↓ to highlight the
sample to be changed or to change the cursor direction,
then touch MODIFY WEIGHT. Enter the new weight value
using the keyboard, then touch ENTER.
a. The first weight value entered appears in the Memory 1
box. To apply this value to another result, highlight the
result and touch MEMORY 1, then press ENTER.
b. The second weight value entered appears in the
Memory 2 box. To apply this value to another result,
highlight the result and touch MEMORY 2, then press
ENTER.
information:
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Carbon, Time & Date
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Hydrogen, Time & Date
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Nitrogen, Time & Date
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Carbon, Operator
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Hydrogen, Operator
#, ID Code, Moisture, Weight, Nitrogen, Operator
5. When both of the memory boxes contain values, each

additional value entered becomes the value in the Memory
1 box and the current value in the Memory 1 box moves to
the Memory 2 box.

Recalculate Results
• Recalculate Results allows the operator to update results to

Note: reflect the current calibration.
the RECALCULATE RESULTS icon, and then select CARBON,
HYDROGEN and/or NITROGEN from the window.
2. Touch PgUp or PgDn to scroll through screens of results.

The arrow cursor on the left will remain in its current
position.
information:

down one line at a time.
line marked by the arrow cursor.

highlighting from the line marked by the arrow cursor.
• Results can also be selected based on common parameters.
Note: Refer to the Database Search Option in the Operation
section (page 5-51) of this manual.
7. To recalculate all included results, touch the PROCESS
RESULTS button icon. The Analyzer performs the
recalculations, then displays a pop-up window. Touch the
appropriate option to save the results with the new
calibration, print the chosen results with the new
calibration and save the changes, or cancel the changes
and revert the results to their previously saved values.

Blanks
• Calibrate Blanks allows the operator to use the results

Note: gathered from Blank Analysis to develop a calibration curve
taking into account the nitrogen present in the combustion
gas and system.
the BLANKS icon, and then select the element(s) for
Blanks.

3. Touch PgUp or PgDn to display another screen of results.
(The box at the right indicates the relative position of the
cursor within the list.)
4. To view additional information before selecting, touch the
NEXT FIELD button icon to view the following information.

the direction specified on the screen. Choose values that
are consistent with blank samples. This will help insure a
properly calculated curve.
cursor one line in the direction specified on the screen.
computer calculates the new blank calibration based on the
included results. The results are stored in a file and used
to calculate a new calibration curve.

Reports Menu
Results
• The Results procedure displays the list of analyzed samples.

Notes: Through this procedure, results can be transferred to a
floppy disk, transmitted to a data peripheral device, printed,
and/or deleted.
• Results can also be chosen using the Database Option.
• For quick access to a specific result, the Scroll Bar located
at the right of the screen may be used to change the cursor
direction and position. Touch the highlighted block within
the scroll bar and slide it up or down.

1. Touch the REPORTS icon, then touch the RESULTS icon to
open this procedure.
2. Touch PgUp or PgDn to scroll through screens of answers.
move the cursor up or down one line at a time.
information:
#, ID Code, Weight, Nitrogen, Peak, Method Time

line marked by the cursor for transfer, transmission
printing, or deletion. The cursor moves one line in the
direction specified on screen.
highlight from the line marked by the cursor. The cursor
moves one line in the direction specified on screen.
7. After selecting analysis results, touch the PROCESS
RESULTS button icon.

• Refer to Data Transmit in the Setup section (page 4-29) of
Notes: this manual for Data Transmit setup information.
• The Delete Results option is only available to the superuser.
a. To transmit, transfer, print, or delete, touch the
appropriate box. If more than one procedure is to be
performed, touch each one needed.
b. Touch the OK button icon to continue, or touch the
CANCEL button icon to return to the Results screen.
c. The instrument will display the appropriate screen for
the first procedure selected. If more than one
procedure has been selected, the instrument will
display the screen for the next procedure after the first
one is completed.
d. To TRANSMIT RESULTS to an external computer:
1.) With the FIELD SEPARATOR parameter highlighted,

touch the appropriate box to select a space or
comma for separating ID Code, Operator, ID Code
#2, ID Code #3, Method, Weight, Moisture, Element,
Peak, Area, Analysis Time, Time, and Date.
2.) Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the RECORD
SEPARATOR parameter then touch the appropriate
box to select RS (separates records by ASCII value
30), CRLF (carriage return and line feed), CR
(carriage return), and LF (line feed) for separation of
each record. Select the format most compatible with
the destination computer.

3.) Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the TRANSFER
FORMAT parameter then touch the appropriate box
to select the Answer Format or the Record format.
Answer format is identical to Print Format #3 (See
System Configuration in the System Setup section
for format descriptions). Record format consists of:
ID Code, Operator, ID Code #2, ID Code #3,
Method, Weight, Moisture, Element, Peak, Area,
Analysis Time, Time and Date.
• If the Answer Format is chosen, both Field and Record
Note: Separator choices will be deactivated.
e. If PRINT RESULTS is selected, the Analyzer
automatically generates a printout of the chosen results,
in the format displayed on the answer select screen.
f. If DELETE RESULTS is selected, a pop-up window will be
displayed allowing the operator to cancel or configure
the deletion. Results cannot be retrieved once they have
been deleted.
g. To TRANSFER RESULTS to a disk:

1.) With the FIELD SEPARATOR parameter highlighted,
touch the appropriate box to select a space or
comma for separating the ID Code, Operator, ID
Code #2, ID Code #3, Method, Weight, Moisture,
Element, Peak, Area, Analysis Time, Time, and Date.
2.) Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the RECORD
SEPARATOR parameter then touch the appropriate
box to select RS (separates records by ASCII value
30), CRLF (carriage return and line feed), CR
(carriage return), and LF (line feed) for separation of
each record. Select the format most compatible with
the destination computer.

3.) Touch the ↓ button icon to highlight the OUTPUT FILE
NAME parameter and enter the location of the disk.
Choices are a: (for transferring to a diskette), and c:
(for transferring to the hard disk). Enter the file
name under which to store the transferred results
(default is “Results”). The name can be up to 20
characters long.

Statistics
• This procedure allows the operator to perform statistical

Note: calculations on analytical results.
1. Touch the REPORTS icon then touch the STATISTICS icon
to display this screen:
2. Touch PgUp or PgDn to page through screens of answers.

3. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to move result by result. Each
time an arrow is pressed the cursor on the left moves one
line up or down.
information:
#, ID Code, Weight, Nitrogen, Peak, Method, Time
5. To select results to be included in the statistics, touch the

INCLUDE RESULT button icon to highlight the line marked
by the cursor.

6. To remove a result selected in error, touch the EXCLUDE
RESULT button icon to remove the highlight from the line
marked by the cursor.
7. After the desired results have been selected, touch the
PROCESS RESULTS button icon. The Analyzer takes the
chosen results and calculates the statistics. Selected
results can be observed through the following steps.
a. Touch the PRINT button icon to choose a printout

format. Selections are RESULTS(a), CHART(b) or
BOTH(a) & (b). See the examples on the next page. The
results will print in the format displayed on the answer
select screen. The chart printed will always display the
original results statistics regardless of the plot displayed
when using the NEXT FIELD selections.
b. The initially displayed screen is an averages control
chart, called an X-Chart, where the solid line represents
the average, the upper and lower dashed lines represent
the upper and lower control limits and each plotted point
represents the value of a selected answer.

c. To display a range control chart, called an R-Chart,
touch the R-CHART button icon.
• The solid line represents the average of the plotted points,

Note: the dashed line represents the upper range limit (calculated
by the instrument using this formula: avg of the chosen
samples ±(3 x standard deviation) and each plotted point
represents the difference between two samples, starting
with the first and second samples chosen from the answer
select screen, then the second and third, then the third and
fourth, etc. When the R-Chart is displayed, the icon toggles
to X-CHART. Touch this icon to display the X-Chart again.
d. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to scroll the cursor through
the chosen results. As the arrow moves to each result in
the list, that result is indicated in the chart by cross
hairs.
e. Touch the NEXT FIELD button icon to toggle the third
column in the standards list between % Error, Peak,
Area, and Weight. When these fields are displayed, the
chart shows these points: where the X-axis is always
going to space the selected points evenly and the Y-axis
will display the % Error, Peak, Area, or Weight.
f. Touch the EXCLUDE button icon to exclude the result
marked by the arrow and cross hairs. Both the result
and the cross hairs disappear from the plot and the
result is ghosted in the list at left. Once the result has
been excluded, the icon toggles to INCLUDE. Touch the
icon again to put an excluded result back in the list and
on the chart.

• Results can also be chosen based on common parameters.
Note: Refer to the Database Search Option (page 5-51) in the
Operation section of this manual.
g. Touch the PRINT button icon to receive a printout of the
displayed chart.
h. Touch the CONTINUE STATS button icon to choose new
samples for statistics.
STATISTICS PRINTOUTS
FIGURE 5-3

Database Search Option
• The Data Base Search Option, which appears whenever the

Note: Results List is displayed, allows the operator to highlight
results based on common parameters
1. Touch the parameter(s) to be defined for the search and
enter edits using the keyboard. More than one parameter
can be edited for cross-reference searches. The starting
default date is the date of the least recent result in the list.
The ending default date is the date of the most recent
result in the list.
2. Touch the ESC button icon to begin the search.

3. Once the search is complete, a confirmation pop-up
window will be displayed. If the operator touches the YES
button icon, the instrument displays the Answer Select
screen with the results found in the Database search
highlighted. At this point, any of the highlighted results
can be excluded from statistics.
4. Touch the PROCESS RESULTS button icon to continue the
selected procedure.
• An asterisk (*) and a question mark (?) can be used to find
Notes: results with common characters.
• The * is used to match missing strings of characters. For
example: To find all analyses performed by persons whose
name starts with a J, enter ‘j*’ in the operator block. This
search would yield Jim’s, John’s, Joe’s etc. To narrow the
search to all analyses performed by persons whose name
starts with Jo, enter ‘Jo*’. This search would yield John’s,
Joe’s, etc.

• The ? is used to match single missing characters. For
example: To find all analyses with an ID code where all but
one digit is known, enter the known digits with a question
mark in the unknown digit space: 501-5?3. This entry in the
Sample ID block would yield all numbers in the Database
that match, regardless of the fifth digit.

Analysis Plot
• This procedure displays the nitrogen plot of the last sample

Note: analyzed, where mg of nitrogen per second is plotted
against analysis time in seconds. The plot is a useful way of
observing the release of nitrogen and baseline stability.
1. Touch the REPORTS icon then touch the ANALYSIS PLOT
2. Touch the FILL/UNFILL button icon to shade/clear the area

under the curve.
3. Touch the CHANGE LIMITS button icon to enlarge the X
and Y scaling of the plot.
4. Enter the starting and ending analysis times of the specific

portion of the plot to be observed, and the lower
(minimum) and upper (maximum) rates to be observed in
this portion. Press ENTER to move the cursor to each
parameter. Touch the ESC button icon when the
parameters are entered.
5. Touch the RESET LIMITS button icon to return the plot to
its original scaling.

6. Touch the PRINT button icon to print the plot or transfer
the data to a formatted disk.
a. Touch the TRANSFER DATA BUFFER button icon to

transfer the data buffer used to generate the plotted
result. At the instrument prompt, enter the disk drive
and file name for the transfer. Default drive and file
name is A: RESULTS.
• Although the plot itself is not transferred, the data that
Note: forms the plot is transferred as the numerical readings of
element intensity over time for the last analysis. Element
concentration is recorded nine times per second. If these
numbers are plotted on the Y-axis with time on the X-axis
(where nine data points represents one second), they will
yield a curve equal to the peak shape.
b. Touch the PRINT ANALYSIS PLOT button icon to receive
a printout of the plot.
c. When a choice has been made, touch the OK button
icon to begin execution or touch the CANCEL button
icon to return to the screen plot.

Sample Weights
• This procedure allows the operator to view, modify or print

Notes: out the Sample Weights entered and ready for analysis.
• The screens display the #, ID Code, Weight, and any
optional ID code information designated in the System
Configuration procedure.
1. Touch the REPORTS icon then touch the SAMPLE WEIGHTS

icon to start this procedure.
2. Touch PgUp or PgDn to page through screens of weights.
3. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to scroll weight by weight.
Each time an arrow is touched the arrow cursor on the left
moves one result up or down.
4. To delete the weight marked by the cursor, touch the
DELETE WEIGHT button icon.
5. To add a weight, touch the ADD WEIGHT button icon and
enter ID Code, Weight and ID Information, then touch the
OK button icon.
6. Touch the PRINT WEIGHTS button icon to print a paper
copy of the displayed weights on the system printer.

7. To edit the weight or ID code of any of the samples in the
list, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to move the arrow cursor
to the sample to be edited, then touch the MODIFY
WEIGHT button icon.
8. Touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to highlight the value to be

edited. Enter the edits using the keypad, then press
ENTER.
9. Touch the OK or CANCEL button icon to return to the
Sample Weights list. Note that the edited sample reflects
the change(s) made only if you touch the OK button icon.

Wake-Up Menu
• This procedure configures the instrument to automatically

Notes: perform analyses at a preset time.
• The instrument can wake-up automatically by activating one
of two modes; Activate Now and Activate On Sleep.
• Activate Now activates the instrument at a preset time. This
mode is a delayed power-up.
• Activate On Sleep deactivates the instrument when the
word SLEEP is found in the Sample Weights ID code list and
activates at the preset time. This mode is a timed pause in
operation.
• At wake-up, the instrument completes a fifteen-minute
warm-up and purge delay before analysis starts.
• The operator logged-in at wake-up will be the same one
that was logged-in when the instrument was deactivated.
• If wake-up is enabled from the Front Panel, the wake-up
mode will default to Active Now. To select Active On Sleep
the operator must enter the setup menu.
1. Access the Wake-Up procedure by touching the SETUP icon
on the Front Panel menu.
2. Set the wake-up time and date by touching the HOURS,

MINUTES, MONTH, and DAY icons and entering the current
time and date with the ↑ ↓ button icons.
3. Touch the ACTIVATE NOW button icon to program the
system for automatic wake-up at the preset time. The
status line at the top of the screen will display ‘Wake-Up
Mode is Active.’

4. Touch the OK button icon to activate ‘Activate Now’ wake-
up and return to the Front Panel menu. The sunrise icon
will appear in the headline and (A) will appear after the
preset time in the status box. Touch the CANCEL button
icon to abort changes made.
5. Touch the ACTIVATE ON SLEEP button icon to deactivate
the system when the ID code SLEEP is found in the sample
weights list and activate the system when the preset time
is reached. The status line at the top of the screen will
display ‘Wake-Up Mode Will Activate When Sleep ID
Code is Used.’
6. Touch the OK button icon to activate ‘Activate On Sleep’
wake-up and return to the Front Panel menu. (S) will
appear in the status box after the preset time. Touch the
CANCEL button icon to abort changes made.
7. Touch the DEACTIVATE WAKE-UP button icon to cancel
both modes of wake-up programming. The status line at
the top of the screen will display ‘Wake-Up Mode is
DEACTIVATED.’
8. Touch the OK button icon to deactivate wake-up
programming. The sunrise icon will disappear from the
headline. Touch the CANCEL button icon to abort changes
made.
9. Touch the ESC button icon to exit this procedure and
return to the Front Panel menu.

Weight List from Disk
• To load sample log-in information (called a Record File) into

Note: the Weight List from a floppy disk, the following two
conditions must be met:
1.The Weight List From Disk parameter must be set to YES
in the System Configuration procedure.
2.The Weight List must be empty.
Creating the Record File
Each record in the file must follow this format:

“iiiiiiiiii”,SP"sssssssssssssss",SP"ttttttttttttttt",SPw.www
w,SPmm.mmCRLF
i = ID Code (10 characters)

s = Optional ID Code #2 (15 characters)
t = Optional ID Code #3 (15 characters)
SP = space
w.wwww = sample weight in grams (floating decimal)
mm.mm = moisture compensation factor (floating decimal)
CRLF = Carriage Return and Line Feed
• Punctuation MUST be as shown in the example above with
Notes: no blank between records.
• If the ID code contains less than 10 characters, insert blank
spaces after the ID code until 10 characters have been
used.
• If optional ID codes are not used, insert 15 blank spaces.
• The weight does not need to be 4 characters long. Be sure
to insert the decimal point in the right place.
• If no moisture content is used, then nothing needs to be
inserted where mm.mm is in the example.

Operation
When both conditions are met and the operator touches the
ANALYZE button icon, a pop-up window will be displayed. In
this window, the default path and file name ‘A:/WEIGHTS’ is
displayed. The operator can accept this default name or make
changes using the keyboard then touch OK to continue this
procedure. The file name can be up to 30 characters long
including the path.
When the OK button icon is touched, the instrument begins
reading in the records from the floppy. The first record in the
file will be the next sample in the Weight List; the last record
will be the last sample. If the record files have not all been
entered correctly, the records will not be entered into the
Weight List.
After reading in all record files from the floppy analysis will
automatically begin.
If more than 100 records are entered, only the first 100 will be
acknowledged by the Weight List.

Errors, Warnings and Notices
Specific numbers are represented by XXX

Placing the name in brackets represents specific types of
information such as a file name or ID Code. For example a
specific file name will be represented by [File Name].
The Alarms are listed alphabetically. However, Alarm messages
that start with bracketed information or XXX appear at the end
of each list.
Alarms relating to memory allocation result in a Diagnostic
printout. If such an alarm occurs and rebooting does not solve
the problem, save the printout and call the LECO® Service
Department.

ERRORS
MESSAGE CAUSE PROBABLE SOLUTION
At least 1 nonzero All standards selected Use at least 2 non-zero
standard must be have concentrations equal standards.
selected for [Element to zero.
Name] calibration
At least 2 points are Less than two results Include at least 2 results
needed for statistics were included in a for statistics.
statistical procedure.
Cannot exclude result. Attempted to exclude 1 of Do not try to exclude any

2 available points. more points.
At least 2 included points
are needed for statistics
Invalid data for Incorrect standard Check the standard in

calibration. value(s) have been Define Standards for
entered for selected proper value.
results.
Insufficient memory for Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
calibration. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Try the procedure again.
Insufficient memory for Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
diagram. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Insufficient memory Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
for\nchart printout. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Keypad unable to allocate Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
memory for saving screen turning the power OFF
and keys. then back ON again.
Memory allocation failed Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
saving Operator list. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Memory allocation failed Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
saving Standard list. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.

Menu unable to allocate Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by

memory for saving screen turning the power OFF
and keys. then back ON again.
Need at least XX samples An insufficient number of Analyze standard samples
for [File Name] samples have been as described in Theory of
calibration. chosen for calibration. Calibration in the Theory
The number of samples of Operation section, or
required is dependent on select a lower ordered
the type of calibration calibration curve.
curve selected.
No air pressure. Compressed air supply Turn ON, connect, or

not turned ON, install air supply.
connected, or installed.
No helium pressure. Helium supply not turned Turn ON, connect, or

ON, connected, or install helium supply.
installed.
No oxygen pressure. Oxygen supply not turned Turn ON, connect, or

ON, connected, or install oxygen supply.
installed.
No results are available in No results are available Perform at least one

method [Method Name]. for the selected method. analysis under the current
method.
Not enough memory for Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by

results selection. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Only enough memory to Available memory is Reboot the system by

select from XXXX/YYYY limited. turning the power OFF
results. then back ON again.
[XXXX = Max. # results Try the procedure again.
that can be selected
within the memory
available.
YYYY = Total size of the
database].

Parts list file not found Parts list file, on disk, Reinstall program with
[File Name]. could not be found. parts list or obtain new
software.
File never loaded or
deleted.
Piston extended switch The Hall Effect switch on Check Switch and Ballast
malfunction. top of the Ballast Tank Tank Assembly.
stuck closed.
Switch closed during Replace Switch.
purge 1 and piston home
switch seen.
Piston time-out. Ballast Ballast pressure will not Perform Ballast Tank
pressure = XXXX mm Hg. pressurize in a diagnostic leak checks.
Target Pressure = YYY predetermined period of
mm Hg. during oxygen time.
flow profile.
Reading time-out. No signal received from Check Furnace Controller

Received: [File Name]. Furnace controller. Card.
Run Furnace diagnostics.
The Printer has been Printer is not on line. Press the ON LINE button
disabled. on the Printer.
The Time & Date must be When setting the clock, Enter a time and date of
greater than XX:XX NNN- the time and date must later than the time and
XX-XX, the last analysis be more current than the date of the last analysis.
time. time and date of the last
analysis.
Too many results have No more than 100 results Select less than 100
been selected. Cannot can be selected for results and try again.
select more than 100 calibration.
results.
Unable to allocate Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by

memory. turning the power OFF
then back ON again.
Ambient Monitor cannot
execute. Try the procedure again.


memory to save current turning the power OFF
screen for screen time- then back ON again.
out mode.

touch keys for screen then back ON again.
time-out mode.
touch keys for transfer then back ON again.
setup
touch keys for transmit then back ON again.
setup.
Unable to allocate enough Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by
memory for [Method turning the power OFF
Name] Method. then back ON again.
Unable to initialize No signal received from Check pressure
Pressure Transducer 16 Pressure Transducer. transducer and 16 bit
bit A/D at offset 324h. A/D.
Unable to initialize No signal received from Check IR Cells, TC Cell
[Element Name] 16 bit A/D. and 12 bit A/D.
A/D at offset XXXh.
Unable to open results file Unable to open or find Reboot the system by
[File Name]. results database for turning the power OFF
reason [I/O error]. then back ON again.
Unable to write to results Unable to add a result to Check the number of
file [File Name]. the database for reason results in the database.
[I/O error]. Delete unused results.
Weight list is full. Trying to add more than Perform analysis before
Terminating further file 100 weights to the adding weights to sample
reads. sample weight list. weight list or remove
some of the weights from
the list.

Weight list is in an Weight list data from an Reformat external data

improper format. external source is in the continue with procedure.
Terminating further file incorrect format.
reads.
[Element Name] not a Element has not been Select element for
calibration element. selected for calibration. calibration and calibrate
with element.
[Element Name] is below The % of element result is Check loading head, make
threshold. below preset threshold. sure sample fell. Check
Result = XX.XXXX combustion.
(Should be> YY.YYYY)
XXXX results are in the The number of results in Delete unused results.
database. the database exceeded
Maximum allowed YYYY. maximum permitted.
• Carbon offset: 220h

Notes:
• Helium offset: 224h
• Nitrogen offset: 320h

I/O ALARMS
• The following I/O Alarms (messages) will produce the I/O
Note: Errors listed in the next table
.
MESSAGE MESSAGE MESSAGE
Error in creating [File Unable to read file [File Write failure to [File
Name] Name].LGN. Name].
Error in opening Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File
PICTURE.ICO Name].MTH. Name].STD.
Error in writing to [File Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File
Name]. Name].SEC. Name].SYS
Invalid date entered. Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File
Name].STD. Name].WGT
Not enough space for [File Unable to read file [File Write failure to [File
Name]. Name].SYS Name].
The changes made to this Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File
method were not saved. Name].WGT Name].STD.
Unable to open file [File Write failure to [File Unable to read file [File
Name]. Name]. Name].SYS
Unable to open [File Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File
Name]. Name].STD. Name].WGT
Unable to open [File Unable to read file [File Write failure to [File
Name] for transferring. Name].SYS Name].
Unable to read file [File Unable to read file [File

Name].BUF. Name].WGT

I/O ERRORS
Bad file number The file handle used is not Check the file existence/
valid or does not refer to attributes
an open file.
An attempt was made to
write to a read only file.
File Exists Trying to create a file that Delete the original file.
already exists.
No space left on device. There is no room on the Delete unused files then
hard disk or floppy disk to try again.
store any more files or any
more information into
existing files.
No such file or directory The file does not exist or Verify file existence and, if
could be found. necessary, create the file.
Permission Denied The permission setting on Change the file attributes.

the file does not allow the
requested access.

WARNINGS
Memory allocation failed An attempt to save the ID Reboot the system by
saving ID Code List. code list failed because it turning the power OFF
could not be stored. then back ON again.
No air pressure (during Gas pressure < 25 psi. Supply tank low, replace.
analyze).
No helium pressure Gas pressure < 25 psi. Supply tank low, replace.
(during analyze)
No oxygen pressure Gas pressure < 25 psi. Supply tank low, replace.
(during analyze).
Unable to allocate memory Insufficient memory. Reboot the system by

to save weight list screen turning the power OFF
area. then back ON again.
Unable to analyze. No Trying to analyze without Enter a weight into the
sample weights have been any weights entered in the Sample Weight list before
entered. Sample Weight list. touching analyze.
[Name] is an invalid During Furnace Enter valid command.

Furnace echo. Expected diagnostics, an invalid
[Name]. command was sent to the
Furnace.
[Element Name] standard Entered incorrect standard Enter correct standard
must be between 0.00001 value. value.
and 100.0%.
[Element Name] standard Standard value is outside Enter correct weight value.
is out of range. the preset weight range.
XX.XX should be between
YY.YY and ZZ.ZZZ.
[Element Name] sigma Weight calibration Select a better standard.
must be between 0.00001 uncertainty beyond
and 10.0%%. reasonable limit.

NOTICES
Aliquot absorption counter Maximum aliquot Repack measure flow
exceeded maximum. absorption counts reagent tube, reset
exceeded. counter.
Cannot restore sample During analysis, sample Sample results lost.
weight. dropped into Furnace
before abort was pressed.
Catalyst absorption Maximum catalyst Repack catalyst heater
counter exceeded absorption counts tube, reset counter.
maximum. exceeded.
Check barometric pressure Barometric pressure Check operation, pressure
(XXX.X mmHg). exceeded limits of transducer and 16 bit A/D
reasonable values. card.
Crucible counter exceeded Maximum crucible counts, Replace crucible, reset
maximum. sample burns, exceeded. counter.
Duplicate operator name The operator name Enter a different operator

entered. already exists. name.
Entered value is less than The value entered was less Enter a greater value.
the minimum value than the limits or set
allowed. point.
Entered value is greater The value entered was Enter lower value.
than the maximum value greater than limits or set
allowed. point.
Entered value too Trying to enter a value Enter a smaller/larger
large/small. outside the allowed range. value.
Help not available during The help screens are not Wait until the analysis is
analysis. available when analyzing. complete before accessing
the Help routine.
ID code cannot be all The ID code only contains The ID code must contain
counter. numbers. at least one non-numeric
character.
Incorrect password. The password has been Try again
incorrectly entered.
Maximum Furnace Entered a temperature Enter a temperature of

temperature is 1350o C. >1350o C. 1350o C or lower.
Maximum number of 15 is the maximum Delete unused operators

operators has been number of operators that and try again.
reached. can be entered.

Methods list is empty. No method has been A method must be created
created. before performing a
desired function.
Method name is blank. The method name does The method name added
not contain any or modified must contain
alphanumeric characters at least one alphanumeric
or symbols. character or symbol.
No action has been The OK icon was pressed Make selection or press
specified. before selection was cancel.
made.
No element has been During a procedure that Select an element before

selected. uses element data no performing a procedure.
element was selected.
No results are available. There are no results in The procedure cannot be

results list. performed unless there is
at least one result in the
results list.
No results selected for PROCESS RESULTS has Highlight at least one
processing. been touched without result before touching
including any results. PRESS RESULTS.
No weights are available. An analysis cannot be Log-in at least one sample

performed unless there is weight and try again.
a weight in the Sample
Weights list
No weights are available No weights have been Enter weights into the
for viewing. entered into the weight weight stack before
stack. viewing.
Operator name is blank. An operator name must Enter at least one

consist of at least one alphanumeric character or
alphanumeric character or symbol.
symbol.
Piston Extended Switch Ballast Top Hall Effect Replace switch, check
malfunction. Switch stuck open. wiring, check 16-position
solenoid interface board.
Piston Home Switch Ballast Bottom Hall Effect Replace switch, check
malfunction. Switch stuck closed. wiring, check 16-position
solenoid interface board.
Please select a method Analysis cannot be Select a method.

first. performed unless a
method is selected.

Sample did not drop or Sample results below Check carousel, loading
Furnace temperature too threshold. head or lance for stuck
low. sample.
Check Furnace
temperature.
Sample list is empty. No standards have been A standard must be
defined using the Define defined before performing
Standards procedure. the procedure.
Sample list is full. The maximum number of Delete unused sample

sample weights have been weights.
entered.
Standards list is full. The maximum number of Delete unused standard

standard weights have weights.
been entered.
The last flow cannot be The last oxygen profile Program a flow rate other
zero. flow rate cannot be set to than zero.
zero.
Unknown operator name. The operator name Enter the operator name
Security access denied. entered at log-in has not in the Security procedure.
been defined in the
Security procedure.
Weight is less Trying to enter a weight Weight entered must be

than 0.0001 g. less than 0.0001 grams. between 0.0001 and
9.9999 grams.
Weight is less Trying to enter a weight Weight entered must be

than 0.10 mg. less than 0.10 mg. in the between 0.10 mg. and
milligram mode. 9999.9 mg.
Weight list is full Trying to add more than Perform analysis before
100 weights to the Sample adding weights to the
Weight list. Sample Weight list or
remove some weights
from the list.

You may not change the Trying to change the The superuser is allowed
super-user’s privileges. super-user’s security access to all procedures.
configuration. This part of the program
cannot be altered.
Only the password can be
changed.
You may not delete the Trying to delete the The superuser name is
superuser account. superuser name. permanent and cannot be
erased.
[Element Name] cell IR cell(s) or TC cell Use smaller sample size,

exceeded saturation limit. exceeded maximum offset. analyze again.
[Element Name] IR Cell is The output cell voltage is Check ambient monitor,
out of range (X.XXX volts). not within the proper perform electrical
range. adjustments.
[Element Name] is out of The last sample ran was Change calibration limits.
calibration range. lower or higher than the
samples calibrated with.
[Element Name] TC Cell TC Cell voltage out of Check ambient monitor,

malfunction (X.XXX volts). range. perform electrical
adjustments.
[Element Name] channel is Pressed OK icon during Wait for calibration to

being calibrated. calibration. finish or press cancel.

6 Maintenance
Furnace Combustion Tube Removal and Replacement ..............6-3

Combustion Furnace Tube Packing ........................................6-6
Catalyst Heater Tube Removal .............................................6-8
Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking ...........................................6-10
Aliquot Dosing Valve...........................................................6-12
Sliding Block, Loading Head, and Sample Drop Block................6-14
Bubble Particle Filter Removal and Repacking .........................6-17
Disposable Particle Filter Replacement ...................................6-18
Reagent Tube Removal .......................................................6-19
Reagent Tube Packing ........................................................6-20
Carousel Adjustment ..........................................................6-21
Maintenance Intervals ........................................................6-26
Periodic Maintenance Schedule .............................................6-28
CHN-2000 6-1 Maintenance

6 Illustrations
Figure 6-1 .............. Combustion Furnace..............................6-5

Figure 6-2 .............. Combustion Tube Packing.......................6-7
Figure 6-3 .............. Catalyst Heater Tube Removal.................6-9
Figure 6-4 .............. Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking ..............6-11
Figure 6-5 .............. Aliquot Dosing Valve Assembly ................6-13
Figure 6-6 .............. Sliding Block, Loading Head,
and Sample Drop Block..........................6-16
Figure 6-7 .............. Bubble Particle Filter and
Disposable Filter Location .......................6-17
Figure 6-10............. Sliding Block Positions............................6-23
Figure 6-11............. Driver Lever Adjustment ........................6-23
Figure 6-12............. Sample Carousel Bottom View.................6-24
Figure 6-13............. Carousel Positions Adjustment ................6-25
Maintenance 6-2 CHN-2000

Furnace Combustion Tube Removal and Replacement
The Power ON/OFF switch must be in the OFF

position and the unit must be disconnected from
facility power before attempting this procedure or
serious injury could result from electrical shock.
The combustion Furnace and Furnace tube may be

hot. Permit the Furnace to cool before proceeding
with this procedure or severe burns could result.
1. Turn the AC power OFF to the Analyzer and disconnect it

from facility power.
2. Turn the Gas Supply OFF to the Analyzer.
3. Remove the Loading Head (see figure 6-1 on page 6-5).
4. Remove the Furnace Top Shelf.
5. Loosen the two Thumbscrews that secure the Right Front
Panel and pull the panel down.
6. Remove the Loading Head Block.
7. Remove the Secondary Side Block.
8. Pull the Furnace Latch Pin out and tilt the Furnace towards
the front of the Analyzer.
9. Release the pin and let the Furnace rest on the pin and
cabinet support. The bottom of the Furnace can be
accessed in this position.
10. Remove the two Screws that secure the Furnace Bottom
Plate and remove the plate.
11. Remove the Furnace Insulation to expose the Furnace
Combustion Tube.
12. Pull the Combustion Tube out through the bottom of the
Furnace.
13. Insert the new Combustion Tube up into the Furnace. The
short end should be installed in the secondary side or front
of the Furnace.

14. Pack the Combustion Tube using the Combustion Tube
packing procedure.
15. Install the Furnace using this procedure in reverse order.

616-190
589-182 LOADING HEAD
ELBOW ASS'Y
(SEE FIGURE 6-6) 601-442 190-423
616-156 616-139 O-RING SCREW
CAP O-RING (4 REQUIRED)
601-504
190-053 O-RING 783-276
SCREW LANCE
(2 REQ'D) 190-730 COVER
SCREW HOLDER
190-728 (4 REQ'D)
SCREW 783-275
(4 REQ'D) 616-110 LANCE
LOADING HEAD BLOCK
616-147
616-314 BLOCK HOLDER
LANCE
HEATER 616-138 ASSEMBLY
BLOCK 780-831
O-RING
O-RING
SECONDARY
616-121 (2 REQUIRED)
SIDE
BLOCK 616-138 TOP PLATE
O-RING
616-146
190-279 QUARTZ
616-105
SCREW LANCE
PILOT
169-001-732 (2 REQ'D)
HI TEMP
LABEL
193-055
WASHER
616-103
773-476 INSULATOR
LABEL
169-001-731
HI VOLTAGE 616-599
LABEL FURNACE
(NOT SHOWN) HOUSING
LOADING HEAD
616-131
SECONDARY
FURNACE
TOP SHELF
616-130
PRIMARY
FURNACE
FURNACE
PRIMARY ASSEMBLY
SIDE
SECONDARY
SIDE
LOADING HEAD
BLOCK
616-108
U-TUBE
778-379
INSULATOR
THUMBSCREWS
778-595
INSULATION FRONT FURNACE
PANEL FURNACE PIVOT
193-055
FLATWASHER LOCKING PIN
(2 REQ'D)
616-112
BOTTOM PLATE 193-008
LOCKWASHER
(2 REQ'D)
190-279
SCREW
(2 REQ'D)
COMBUSTION FURNACE
FIGURE 6-1

Combustion Furnace Tube Packing
Before packing the Combustion Furnace Tube,

prepare the Furnace Reagent by placing it in a beaker
and heating it for ½ hour at 105OC. This will remove
the moisture and permit the Analyzer to be used as
soon as the Furnace Tube is installed and the
Analyzer comes up to operating temperature.
• Do not touch the lower portion of the Combustion Tube.

Notes: Body oil can promote devitrification that may cause the tube
to crack.
• The Combustion Tube can be reused even if it looks cloudy.
The Combustion Tube cannot be used if it is cracked.
• To test for a cracked tube, run your fingernail over the tube
to feel for cracks.
1. Roll-up 4 sections of Quartz Wool being careful to match
the outside diameter of the roll to the inside diameter of
the Combustion Tube. Each section is ¾ inch wide.
2. Using the Quartz Wool Extractor, push the Quartz Wool
rolls into the Combustion Tube until the rolls are properly
positioned in the tube (see figure 6-2 on page 6-7).
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 and insert 4 more rolls in the
opposite end of the tube (see figure 6-2 on page 6-7).
4. Pour 50cc of Furnace Reagent into the shorter end of the
tube, on top the Quartz Wool.
5. Roll-up 3 sections of Quartz Wool, using the procedure in
step 1, and push the wool into the Combustion Tube, using
the procedure in step 2, until the rolls seat on top the
Furnace Reagent.
6. Insert a Honeycomb Ceramic Plug into the short end of the
Combustion Tube until it rests on the Quartz Wool.

HONEYCOMB
CERAMIC
QUARTZ WOOL
(3 STRIPS)
7”
FURNACE REAGENT
50cc
QUARTZ WOOL
(4 STRIPS)
QUARTZ WOOL
(4 STRIPS)
616-108
TUBE
COMBUSTION FURNACE TUBE PACKING

FIGURE 6-2

Catalyst Heater Tube Removal
The Catalyst Heater and Catalyst Heater tube are

HOT. Only touch the top of the tube when removing
it.
1. Set the GAS switch to OFF.

2. Loosen the Thumbscrew above the Catalyst Heater and
holding the handle, tilt the assembly forward (see figure 6-3
on page 6-9).
3. Carefully grab the Catalyst Heater Tube at the top of the
tube, above the heater, and pull it out.
4. Insert the curved tongs into the small hole at the bottom
of the tube. Carry the tube by holding the curved tongs
and cool end of the tube. Set the tube on a hotplate.
DO NOT touch the end of the tube that was inserted

into the heater.
5. Allow the tube to cool then follow the Catalyst Heater tube
repacking procedure (page 6-10) or install a repacked
tube.
6. To install a repacked Catalyst Heater Tube, perform steps
1 and 2.
7. Insert a repacked tube by tilting the Catalyst Heater
inward and tightening the Thumbscrew.
• The Thumbscrew should only be finger tight. Do not use a
Note: screwdriver to tighten it.

UPPER
PORT
BLOCK
601-437
CATALYST
THUMBSCREW HEATER
TUBE
761-929
CURVED TONGS
CATALYST
HEATER
ASSEMBLY
ANALYZER
FRONT
PANEL
CATALYST HEATER TUBE REMOVAL

FIGURE 6-3

Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking
1. Disassemble the Catalyst Heater and remove the Catalyst

Heater Tube according to the Catalyst Heater Tube
Removal procedure (page 6-8).
2. Pour the copper out of the Catalyst Heater Tube, or use a
rod to push it out. If the copper cannot be removed by
pouring or pushing, use the procedure below (see figure 6-4
on page 6-11).
a. Remove the copper turnings and N-catalyst from the
narrow end of the tube.
b. Stand the tube, narrow end up, in a 100 ml beaker.
c. Slowly pour 30 mls of a 20% HCL solution into the
narrow end of the tube and wait for the HCL solution to
drain out of the tube.
d. Place a piece of paper in the bowl of a sink and gently
tap the tube against the paper until the copper reagent
falls out. Remove the copper reagent from the sink.
e. Rinse the tube with water and let it dry.
3. Repack the clean or new Catalyst Heater Tube as shown in
figure 6-3 on page 6-9.
4. Reassemble the Catalyst Heater as described in the step 6
of the Catalyst Heater Tube Removal procedure on page 6-
8.

601-437
CATALYST HEATER
TUBE
502-189
COPPER STICKS
7 1/4"
501-621
COPPER 1/4"
TURNINGS
502-049
N-CATALYST 1 3/4"
501-621
COPPER 1"
TURNINGS
CATALYST HEATER TUBE REPACKING

FIGURE 6-4

Aliquot Dosing Valve
1. Set the GAS switch to OFF.

2. Remove the right Side Panel of the Analyzer, and slide out
the Ballast Tank Assembly to expose the Aliquot Dosing
Valve (see figure 6-5 on page 6-13).
3. To slide out the Ballast Tank Assembly:
a. Disconnect the input line to the Ballast Tank and gas
line to SV9 at the top of the assembly.
b. Disconnect the gas lines at their connections between
SV8A and SV9 and between SV7 and SV8B.
c. Pull up on the plungers at the bottom of the assembly.
4. Press in on the Retaining Clip located at the bottom of the
valve and remove the Valve Stem by pulling up on the
knurled knob, located on top of the Aliquot Dosing Valve.
5. Use a cotton swab or pipe cleaner to clean the valve block.
6. Wipe the Valve Stem and apply a very thin coat of silicone
grease to all 10 O-rings.
7. Press in on the Retaining Clip located at the bottom of the
valve and reinsert the Valve Stem into the top of the
Aliquot Dosing Valve.
8. Using a screwdriver as a lever, push up on the Retaining
Ring until the valve locks into place.
9. Slide the Ballast Tank Assembly into the Analyzer and
reconnect the gas lines.
10. Reinstall the right Side Panel.

772-269
O-RING
(10 REQUIRED)
601-937
VALVE STEM
190-294 169-712
SCREW LABEL
(2-REQ'D)
601-936
BLOCK
601-943
601-934 FITTING
COUPLING (601-939
O-RING
NOT SHOWN)
601-938
RETAINING
CLIP
(602-672 601-935
SPRING MOUNT
NOT SHOWN)
601-933
778-523 CYLINDER
BARB FITTING
601-932
BRACKET
ALIQUOT DOSING VALVE ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 6-5

Sliding Block, Loading Head, and Sample Drop Block
1. Remove the pneumatic connection from the Analyzer by

pinching the side Retaining Clips and pulling on the
connector. This releases pneumatic pressure from the
loading head Assembly (see figure 6-6 on page 6-16).
• This is the black connector that connects the pneumatic
Note: lines to the sample-loading block.
2. Remove the Carousel if one is installed.
3. Remove the Handle Pin using the Lance Extractor Tool.
This pin holds the Sliding Block to the piston shaft.
4. Remove the pneumatic tubing from the pneumatic fitting
on the back of the Sliding Block and remove the block by
sliding it forward and out of the loading head block.
5. Clean all surfaces of the loading head block exposed by the
removal of the Sliding Block.
6. Remove the seal piston in the bottom of the Sliding Block
by applying a low atmospheric pressure to the pneumatic
fitting.
7. Clean and grease the O-rings.
8. Clean the seal piston windows and all surfaces of the
Sliding Block
9. Reinstall the piston seal and O-rings.
• The piston is installed correctly if the O-ring is exposed.
Note:
10. If cleaning is complete at this point, skip to step 21.
11. Loosen the two thumbscrews and remove the loading
head.
12. Set the loading head upside down and remove the four
screws.
13. Remove the retaining plate and sliding plate.
14. Clean both plates and the exposed section of the loading
head.
15. Remove the pneumatic tubing from the lower cylinder.
16. Unscrew the cylinder and remove it.
17. Clean and lightly grease the shaft O-ring, located in the
cylinder socket in the loading head.
18. Reinstall the cylinder, sliding plate, retaining plate and
pneumatic tubing.
19. Clean the sample drop block and lightly grease the O-ring.

20. Reinstall the Sliding Block, secure the block with the
handle pin and reconnect the pneumatic tube.
21. Position the Sliding Block to the Analyzer (closed, full
forward) position and reconnect the pneumatic connector.
22. Allow the Furnace temperature to stabilize at operation
temperature.
23. Perform an oxygen leak check.

606-132
190-004
HANDLE PIN
SCREW
776-939
DOWEL 606-133
773-661 PIN LEVER
BARB FITTING
606-687
THUMB SCREWS 603-972
(2 REQUIRED) 775-643 SPRING
COUPLER VIEWING
190-741 PORT
SCREW
(2 REQUIRED) 616-588
SLIDING
BLOCK
783-533
BRACKET 589-551
LEVER LOCATOR 0-RING
616-587
SAMPLE DROP BLOCK 601-883
SEALING
PISTON
601-884
CYLINDER MOUNTING
BLOCK
772-910
773-661 0-RING
BARB FITTING
(3 REQ’D)
190-134 193-179
601-638 WASHERS
SCREW
AIR CYLINDER
(2 REQUIRED) (2 REQUIRED)
601-879
SLIDING PLATE
ASSEMBLY
601-876
CYLINDER 601-881
RETAINING PLATE
190-312
SCREW
(4 REQUIRED)
SLOT
802-925
LOCATING DOWEL
PIN
(2 REQUIRED)
601-876
LOWER
CYLINDER
BOTTOM OF
LOADING HEAD
SLIDING BLOCK, LOADING HEAD, AND SAMPLE DROP BLOCK

FIGURE 6-6

Bubble Particle Filter Removal and Repacking
1. Access the bubble particle filter by removing the small

access door on the right Side Panel of the Analyzer (see
figure 6-7 below).
2. Remove the bubble particle filter by sliding the filter
upward until the bottom end can swing free.
3. Tilt the free tube end out.
4. Pull the tube downward and off the top port.
5. With a rod, remove the glass wool inside the tube.
6. Rinse the tube with water and let dry.
7. With the rod, loosely pack 2.5 grams of Glass Wool into
the bubble tube.
8. To reinstall the bubble particle filter, push the top end of
the bubble tube over the top port, tilt it inward and pull it
9. Reinstall the access door.
771-030
BUBBLE
TUBE
768-980
PARTICLE
FILTER
BUBBLE PARTICLE FILTER AND DISPOSABLE FILTER LOCATON

FIGURE 6-7

Disposable Particle Filter Replacement
1. Access the Disposable Particle Filter by removing the small

access door on the right Side Panel of the Analyzer.
2. Slide the disposable particle filter upward until the bottom
end can swing free.
3. Tilt out the freed tube end.
5. To reinstall a Disposable Particle Filter, push the top end of
the filter into the top port, tilt it inward and pull it down,
pushing it into the bottom port.
6. Reinstall the access door.

Reagent Tube Removal
1. Slide each Reagent Tube upward until the bottom end can
swing free (see figure 6-8).
2. Tilt out the free tube end.
4. To reinstall the Reagent Tubes, push the top end of the
Reagent Tube over the top port, tilt it inward, and pull it
REAGENT TUBE REMOVAL

FIGURE 6-8

Reagent Tube Packing
1. Before packing the Reagent Tubes, remove all material

from the inside of the tube, rinse it with water and let dry
(see figure 6-9).
2. Insert a Screen Filter into the bottom of each tube.
Position the O-ring towards the bottom and push the
screen filter up into the tube ¼ inch.
3. Loosely pack ¾ inch of Glass Wool into the bottom of each
tube (see figure 6-10).
4. Fill the bottom 1 /3 of each tube with Anhydrone by pouring
it on top of the glass wool.
5. Fill the top 2 /3 of each tube with Lecosorb by pouring it on
top of the Anhydrone.
6. Loosely pack ¾ inch of Glass Wool into the top of each
tube.
7. Reinstall the Reagent Tubes.
775-601
REAGENT
TUBE
501-081
GLASS
WOOL
502-174
LECOSORB®
501-171
ANHYDRONE™
501-081
GLASS
WOOL
775-306
SCREEN
FILTER
REAGENT TUBE PACKING

FIGURE 6-9

Carousel Adjustment
• Perform the Initial Power-Up procedure before installing and

Notes: adjusting the Carousel.
• The GAS switch must be set to the OFF position before
performing this procedure.
• If 3 Carousels are used, total Carousel capacity is 102
samples. Since the weight list is limited to 100 samples, 2
positions must remain open.
• The crucible may need to be replaced before 100 samples
are analyzed. Be alert to the number of samples analyzed
per crucible. Replace the crucible when necessary to
maintain accurate results.
1. Access the Auto I/O procedure located in the System
Diagnostics folder.
2. Move the edit block to Block Seal Solenoid (SV4) and touch
the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to release pneumatic pressure
from the Sliding Block.
3. Move the edit block to the Block Open Solenoid (SV1) and
touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding Block
to the Sample Drop Position (see figure 6-10 on page 6-
23).
4. If the Sliding Block is flush against the Cylinder Mounting
Block, skip to step 5. If not, the Sliding Block must be
adjusted.
a. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding
Block to its forward analyze position.
b. Remove the handle pin from the Sliding Block and
move the Sliding Block forward to fully expose the
coupler on the end of the Air Cylinder Shaft.
c. Turn the coupler 180o clockwise. If the coupler is
difficult to turn, hold the shaft with pliers near the
threaded end while turning the coupler.
d. Push the Sliding Block back and reinsert the Handle
Pin.
e. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding
Block back to the sample drop position. If the Sliding
Block is flush against the cylinder-mounting block,
continue with step 5. If not, touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT
icon to move the Sliding Block to the forward analyze
position and repeat step 3 before proceeding.
5. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding Block
to the forward analyze position.

6. Attach the Mounting Block to the Loading Head using the
two Screws.
7. Install the Carousel onto the Mounting Block.
8. Adjust the Driver Lever Adjustment Screw until the Driver
Lever is approximately 1 /32 inch from the bottom of the
Carousel (see figure 6-11 on page 6-23). If the Driver
Lever is too low it may not contact the Carousel pins and
the Carousel will not advance. If the Driver Lever is too
high, it may contact the Carousel wheel itself and prevent
the Carousel from cycling.
9. Accurate Carousel alignment must be made to assure that
the samples in the Carousel drop into the Loading Head.
a. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding
Block to the Sample Drop Position.
b. Remove the Carousel Assembly and view it from the
bottom (see figure 6-12 on page 6-24).
1.) If the alignment looks like the #2 alignment
illustration, loosen the Mounting Block Adjustment
Screws on the left side of the Loading Head and
move the Mounting Block slightly towards the back
of the Loading Head.
2.) If the alignment looks like the #3 alignment
illustration, loosen the Mounting Block Adjustment
Screws on the left side of the Loading Head and
move the Mounting Block slightly towards the front
of the Loading Head.
c. Reinstall the Carousel onto the Mounting Block.
d. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding
Block to the analyze position, then touch the TOGGLE
OUTPUT icon again to move the Sliding Block back into
the Sample Drop Position.
e. Remove the Carousel and check for proper alignment.
If it does not look like the #3 alignment illustration,
repeat steps 4b through 4d before proceeding.
f. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT icon to move the Sliding
Block forward to its analyze position.
10. Install the Carousel onto the Mounting Block.
11. Touch the ESC icon to exit the Auto I/O procedure.
Pneumatic pressure is automatically reinstated.
12. Set the GAS switch to the ANALYZE position.
13. If more than 1 Carousel is necessary, another one can be
stacked on top of the one just installed. Make sure the
alignment pin in the top Carousel is positioned over the
hole in the lower Carousel. No adjustment for the second
or third Carousel is necessary.

616-533 775-643
CYLINDER MOUNTING BLOCK OPEN COUPLER
SPACE
616-588
SLIDING BLOCK
601-638
AIR CYLINDER 616-587
SAMPLE DROP BLOCK
+ +
601-876
AIR CYLINDER
ANALYZE POSITION
606-132
FLUSH AGAINST HANDLE PIN
CYLINDER MOUNTING 616-588
BLOCK SLIDING BLOCK
616-587
+ + SAMPLE DROP BLOCK
616-533
CYLINDER MOUNTING BLOCK
SAMPLE DROP POSITION
SLIDING BLOCK POSITIONS

FIGURE 6-10
1"
32 BASE
PLATE
RIGHT ADJUSTMENT
783-497 606-133
CAROUSEL DRIVER LEVER
STACKABLE
SLIDING BLOCK
783-533
DRIVE PINS BRACKET
DRIVER LEVER ADJUSTMENT

FIGURE 6-11

SAMPLE CAROUSEL BOTTOM VIEW
FIGURE 6-12

CAROUSEL POSITION ADJUSTMENT
FIGURE 6-13

Maintenance Intervals
• Maintenance intervals for each of the items below are listed

Note: in the Periodic Maintenance Schedule.
Bubble Particle Filter
Repack when visibly dirty with Glass Wool. Refer to the Bubble
Particle Filter Removal and Repacking procedure.
Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking
Repack the Catalyst Heater Tube whenever the analysis counter

reaches 600 or a warning alarm is displayed. Refer to the
Maintenance section of this manual for the Catalyst Heater
Tube removal and repacking procedure (pages 6-8 and 6-10).
Disposable Particle Filter
Replace when visibly dirty with LECO® Disposable Particle Filter.
Fan Filter
The Fan Filter, located on the top of the instrument, should be

inspected daily, and cleaned when it shows signs of being dirty.
Remove the filter by pulling it out, and wash it in warm soapy
water. Shake out the excess water and allow to dry before
reinstalling.
O-Rings
When repacking a Reagent Tube or the Catalyst Heater Tube,

or cleaning an assembly, lubricate each O-ring with Silicone
Grease. LIGHTLY grease each O-ring making sure the grease is
applied evenly without excess build-up.

Reagent Tubes
Repack the Reagent Tubes whenever the analysis counter

reaches 600, the reagent becomes caked or moist, or a warning
alarm is displayed. Refer to the Maintenance section of this
manual for the Reagent Tube packing procedure (page 6-20).
Touchscreen
Clean the Touchscreen with non-static cleaner whenever dust,

dirt, or finger marks are visible to stop accumulations from
interfering with the infrared field.

Periodic Maintenance Schedule
Daily
Equipment or Material Replacement and Cleaning
Fan Filter Clean when visibly dirty
Loading Head Clean if soot or ash is visible
Reagent Tubes When the analysis counter reaches

600.
Sample Drop Block Clean if soot or ash is visible.
Sliding Block Clean if soot or ash is visible.
Touchscreen Clean if dust or dirt is visible.
Monthly
Aliquot Dosing Valve Give thorough cleaning monthly.
Bubble Particle Filter Repack when visible dirty.
Disposable Particle Filter Replace when visible dirty.
Other
Catalyst Heater Tube When analysis counter reaches

600.
Furnace Combustion Tube When broken or leak occurs.
O-Rings Replace when damaged (i.e.:

cracks, dry, burnt, or torn).

7 Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation ...........................................................7-3

Thermal Conductivity Detection............................................7-5
Infrared Radiation Detection ................................................7-7
Calibration........................................................................7-9
Curves and Intercepts ........................................................7-10
CHN-2000 7-1 Theory of Operation

7 Illustrations
Figure 7-1 .............. Gas Flow Diagram.................................7-6
Table 7-1 ............... Thermal Conductivity of Gases ................7-8
Theory of Operation 7-2 CHN-2000

Theory of Operation
General Theory
The LECO® CHN-2000 Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen

Analyzer, is a non-dispersive, infrared, microcomputer-based
instrument, designed to measure the carbon, hydrogen, and
nitrogen content in a wide variety of organic compounds.
As you read the following information, refer to the Gas Flow
diagram shown in figure 7-1 on page 7-6.
Analysis begins by weighing a sample and placing it into the
sample holder. When ANALYZE is selected, the sample falls into
the combustion chamber where the temperature of the furnace
and flow of oxygen gas, cause the sample to combust. The
combustion process will convert any elemental carbon,
hydrogen, and nitrogen into CO2 , H2 O, N2 , and NOX . These
gases are then passed through the IR (infrared) Cells to
determine the carbon and hydrogen content and a TC (thermal
conductivity) Cell to determine N2 .
Combustion gases are swept through the combustion tube.
After exiting the furnace, the gases pass through a filter and
collect in the Ballast Tank. To control combustion, the flow of
oxygen to the combustion chamber is varied by the selection of
the proper solenoid valves and their associated restrictors. The
oxygen flow rotameter measures oxygen flow before it enters
the combustion chamber. Additionally, the furnace temperature
can be varied to control combustion.
After the Ballast Tank is filled with sample gas, it’s permitted to
equilibrate before being released through the IR Cells and the
aliquot loop.
During the time the Ballast Tank gases equilibrate, valve SV14
is open, permitting the pressure transducer to measure Ballast
Tank pressure. Then valves V8 and SV14 close, and valves V7
and V9 open permitting sample gas to exhaust through the
hydrogen and carbon infrared cells and fill the aliquot doser.
Shortly after, when the Ballast Tank pressure falls, valves V6,
V8, and V9 close, trapping gas in the IR Cells and aliquot doser.
While sample gas is trapped, valve V5 opens, allowing the
combustion chamber to be purged. This prepares the system to
analyze another sample. The voltage output from the IR Cells is
also being read and processed by the computer. This produces
the analysis results for hydrogen and carbon.
Sample gas in the aliquot doser, is first swept by the carrier gas
to the catalyst heater where NOX gases are reduced to N2 then
Lecosorb to remove CO2 , and finally, Anhydrone to remove
H2 O. This leaves N2 and helium to flow through one side of the
TC Cell.

The other side of the TC Cell receives carrier gas from open
valve SV15, after the carrier gas scrubber has filtered it. The
gases in both sides of the TC Cell are compared, and an output
voltage results. This voltage is fed to the computer where it is
processed, displayed, and stored as the nitrogen measurement
result.
After the TC Cell makes a nitrogen measurement, the system is
purged. Exhaust valves V5, V8, V9, and SV17 open, relieving
the system of sample gas and preparing it for another analysis.

Thermal Conductivity Detection
The thermal conductivity cell has the ability to detect the

differences in the thermal conductivity of gases, as shown in
table 7-1 on page 7-8. The cell consists of two pairs of matched
filaments used in four legs of a Wheatstone bridge. Both pairs
are maintained in a constant gas flow - only the gas type is
different. The reference pair is subjected to only carrier gas,
while the measurement pair is subjected to the sample gas
mixed with carrier gas.
The resistors are made of tungsten wire, unlike the IR source
which is made of nichrome wire.
The bridge is balanced while both sets of resistors are in
identical environments - carrier gas. The bridge current causes
self-heating of the filaments and keeps the filament
temperature higher than the ambient oven temperature. The
oven temperature is maintained at 50o C which eliminates the
effects from normal room temperature variations.
As long as both resistors remain in the same environment in
which the bridge was balanced, the bridge output will remain at
minimum. Any disturbance of this environment will result in a
change or increase in output.
The bridge is balanced when helium flows in both chambers of
the cell. The introduction of nitrogen will cause the temperature
of the measure filaments to increase because nitrogen has a
lower thermal conductivity than helium. This causes the current
through the filament to change. As the bridge becomes
unbalanced it produces an output. The magnitude of the output
will vary due to the concentration of nitrogen.
Like the IR Cell, the output from the TC Cell is fed to a
preamplifier. This, in turn, is fed to an analog-to-digital
converter. The output, a digital signal, is then fed to the
computer where it is processed, displayed, and stored as the
nitrogen measurement result.

POP OFF
PRESSURE BALLAST VALVE
REGULATOR EXHAUST 15 PSI
TO
SV13 BALLAST
NO SLIDE
SV1
NC BLOCK
NO ALIQUOT DOSER
SV2
NC
25 PSI NO SAMPLE DROP
SV3
NC
COMPRESSED
AIR NO PISTON SEAL
SV4
NC
NO FURNACE PURGE EXHAUST
SV5
NC
NO TO BALLAST
SV6
NC
NO FROM BALLAST
SV7
NC
NO FROM PNEUMATICS
SV8 IR CELL PURGE EXHAUST
PNEUMATIC NC
PRESSURE
SWITCH NO DOSER EXHAUST
25 PSI SV9
NC
POP OFF
R(500) VALVE
SV10 675 CC/MIN 15 PSI
BUBBLE
R(1000) PARTICLE
SV11 1300 CC/MIN FILTER
V6 V7
R(5000) DISPOSABLE
O2 SV12 6000 CC/MIN PARTICLE V8A
COMBUSTION FILTER
GAS FURNACE
OXYGEN U-TUBE V5
FLOW ROTAMETER H O IR CELL
PISTON 2
EXHAUST IR CELL
SV14 EXHAUST
PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER
INCOMING CO IR CELL V8B
HELIUM 2
SCRUBBER R(100)
SV15 30 CC/MIN
V9
HELIUM HELIUM
PRESSURE FLOW SV16
DOSER
REGULATOR ROTAMETER EXHAUST
CATALYST HEATER
ALIQUOT DOSER
MEASURE
HELIUM FLOW
PRESSURE SCRUBBER
He SWITCH SV17
CARRIER 25 PSI TC TC CELL
GAS FLOW CONTROLLER CELL EXHAUST
GAS FLOW DIAGRAM

FIGURE 7-1

Infrared Radiation Detection
The descriptions that follow refer to carbon analysis. The

analysis of hydrogen is identical with only the necessary change
to accommodate a different gas (H2 O).
The infrared source (IR) consists of nichrome wire, which is
resistance-heated to 850o C. The IR source radiates visible
energy as well as all wavelengths in the infrared spectrum.
Carbon dioxide absorbs IR energy at a precise wavelength
within the IR spectrum. Energy from the IR source is absorbed
as the gas passes through the cell, preventing it from reaching
the IR detector. All other IR energy is prevented from reaching
the IR detector by a narrow band-pass filter. Because of the
wavelength filter, the absorption of IR energy can be attributed
only to carbon dioxide (CO2 ). The concentration of CO2 is
detected as a level of energy at the detector.
One IR Cell is used as both a reference and for measurement.
The total carbon, as carbon dioxide, is detected on a continuous
and simultaneous basis. The cell consists of an IR source,
chopper motor, a narrow band-pass filter, a condensing cone,
an IR energy detector, and the cell body. Radiated energy is
chopped at a rate of 87.5 Hz. before it enters the cell body. The
chopped energy enters the cell body through a window, travels
through the cell body, then exits through a second window and
a precise wavelength filter. The selective filter passes only the
CO2 absorption wavelength into a condensing cone that
concentrates the energy at the detector. The solid state
detector is AC coupled to a preamplifier. As the gas
concentration increases, the voltage to the preamp decreases.
The starting reference level, or “baseline”, for the detector is
established by running 100% oxygen through the cell. The pure
oxygen environment permits the maximum amount of energy
to reach the detector. This maximum energy level is AC coupled
to the preamp where it is amplified, rectified and filtered. It is
then sent to an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter where it is
converted to a digital signal. The nominal voltage when read at
the cell output, via the Ambient Monitor, is 8.500 VDC.
During every analysis the “baseline” is read by the computer.
This level is then adjusted digitally until a nominal level is
achieved. For example, if the cell output is 8.400 VDC, then this
level is change digitally until the level reads 8.500 VDC. This
level change is done in the computer and used for a reference,
if the cell output voltage were actually measured, no change
would be observed.

As analysis begins, the cell output decreases with the amount
of carbon (as CO2 ) present in the cell. The computer reads the
cell output nine times per second and produces data points that
are stored in memory. The computer then processes the curve,
or graph, formed by these data points and after calibration
form a linear curve. The curve is then used by the computer to
calculate the element weight percent of an unknown sample.
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVITY
GAS SYMBOL MOLECULAR (calories/cm
WEIGHT secoC x 105)
Hydrogen H2 2 39
Helium He 4 33
Neon Ne 20 10.4
Oxygen O2 32 5.7
Nitrogen N2 28 5.6
Air (dry) Air 29 5.4
Carbon Monoxide CO 28 5.4
Argon Ar 40 3.8
Carbon Dioxide CO2 44 3.3
Sulfur Dioxide SO2 64 1.6
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF GASES

TABLE 7-1

Calibration
Background
When the Analyze Flow passes through the IR Cell, the

response of the cell is not linear. A programmed equation will
linearize the response between the observed and theoretical
measure of carbon and hydrogen, permitting accurate
measurements to be made.
An integration of the IR Cell response is performed to
determine the element measured.
Calibration, then, compensates for differences between the
total element measured and the actual element concentration,
as discussed under the Curves and Intercepts sections
beginning on page 7-10.
In the CHN-2000 Analyzer, there are two IR Cells that measure
two elements: carbon and hydrogen.

Curves and Intercepts
There are three types of calibration curves: linear, quadratic

and cubic. There are two types of intercepts: fixed and
regressed. These curves and intercepts are used to create the
best calibration for a selected group of samples.
Curve
To establish the appropriate calibration curve for each method,

perform a series of analyses, using a calibration standard at
various weight levels. (Example: 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 and
400 mg). Perform three to five for each weight level. Then,
perform a linear calibration with fixed intercept.
The plot that appears on the calibration screen indicates the
measured milligrams of element in relation to the theoretical
(or ideal) milligrams of element for each sample weight. Using
a fixed intercept, the line will meet the y-axis at zero.

Linear Calibration
Linear calibration is the lowest order calibration curve and is

represented by a straight line and mathematically represented
in the upper right of the plot like this:
Carbon or hydrogen = (b)(area) + a
Where b is a software-generated coefficient that dictates the
slope of the line and a is the blank (intercept)
All points used for recalibration should rest close to, or on, this
line. The linear curve accurately calibrates for most samples.
Tips for Calibrating with a Linear Curve:
Use a calibration standard with a carbon or hydrogen content

representative of the highest expected content in unknown
samples.
When possible, it is best to use a calibration sample with a
similar matrix to unknown samples.
Values selected for use in calibration should all fit within the
allowed overall spread of the standard.
Errors due to sample preparation become more significant at
lower weights (i.e.. <100 mg.). The operator may want to run
more samples at lower weights to achieve a more accurate
representation at these points (i.e.. 5 samples at 50 mg, 4
samples at 100 mg, 3 samples at 150 mg, 3 samples at 200
mg, etc.).
Blank analysis may be used for calibration along with standard
samples. However, to obtain a more accurate representation of
the system blank, calibrate with standard samples and then run
blanks. Use the Blank calibration routine, found in the
Operation section of this manual, to determine the blank.

If there is a trend for standards to be plotted off the line, it may
be necessary to calibrate using a higher order calibration curve.
If the analysis points have a trend toward one direction in a
portion of the curve, then the Quadratic calibration would be
appropriate for operation. When using quadratic calibration, a
regressed intercept should be used.

Quadratic Calibration
The quadratic calibration is a second order calibration curve,

represented by a line with one bend, and mathematically
represented in the upper right of the plot like this:
Carbon or hydrogen = (c)(area2) + (b)(area) + a
Where c is a software-generated coefficient that fine-tunes the
slope of the line, allowing it to curve and provide a better fit for
the chosen standards
Tips for Calibrating with a Quadratic Curve:
Use sample weights or materials that provide milligram areas

representative of the range to be covered in sample analysis.
In addition to the Tips listed above, the Tips for ‘Calibrating
with a Linear Curve’ on page 7-11 also apply.
Future calibrations will require analysis of the standard material
at varying weight levels as performed in this example.
If the analysis points have trends in more than one direction
then the cubic calibration is appropriate for operation. When
using cubic calibration, a regressed intercept should be used.

Cubic Calibration
Cubic calibration is the third order calibration curve,

represented by a line with two bends, and mathematically
represented in the upper right of the plot like this:
Carbon or Hydrogen = (d)(area3) + (c)(area2) + (b)(area) + a
Where c is a software-generated coefficient that fine-tunes the
slope of the line, allowing it to curve and provide a better fit for
the chosen standards
Where d is a software-generated coefficient that further fine-
tunes the slope of the line, allowing it to curve in two different
directions and provide a better fit for the chosen standards
Tips for Calibrating with a Cubic Curve:
If different materials are being analyzed using the same

method, perform calibration analyses using the standard
materials of the same matrix as the samples.
In addition to the Tips listed above, the Tips for ‘Calibrating
with a Linear Curve’ on page 7-11 also apply.
Future calibrations will require analysis of the standard material
at varying weight levels as performed in this example.

Intercept
If the Fixed Intercept is chosen in SELECT CALIBRATION, a

pop-up window allows the operator to enter the intercept
(blank). To determine this value, perform three to five analyses
using blank samples, then average the values. The curves then
start at the point on the y-axis that is entered here.

8 Diagnostics
Helium, Ballast, and Combustion Leak Checks.........................8-3

I/O Diagnostics .................................................................8-5
Furnace Diagnostics...........................................................8-7
Furnace Calibration ............................................................8-9
Furnace Commands............................................................8-12
Printer Diagnostics.............................................................8-18
CHN-2000 8-1 Diagnostics

Diagnostics 8-2 CHN-2000
Helium, Ballast, and Combustion Leak Checks
• Before performing this procedure, make sure the barometric

pressure is properly set. Refer to the Setup section (page 4-
Note: 28) of this manual for barometric pressure adjustment.
1. Touch the MAINTENANCE icon to access Diagnostics.
2. Touch the HELIUM LEAK CHECK icon to test for a Helium
Gas Leak. The system will pressurize, then equalize, as a
new menu is displayed. After equalization is reached, a bar
graph is displayed on the right. The graph indicates
condition of the system. If no gas leak exists, the arrow
will remain in the good area. If a leak is causing the
pressure to decrease, the arrow will drop to the Leak area.
If a leak is causing the pressure to increase, the arrow will
rise to the Warning area. If a problem exists, a Warning
Message will be displayed at the bottom of the Leak Check
Block.

3. Touch the PRINT button icon to print the contents of the
Leak Check Block on the system printer.
4. Touch the DISPLAY DIAGRAM button icon to display a Gas
Flow Diagram, of the system under test, on the touch
screen.
5. Touch the BALLAST CHECK button icon to test for a leak in
the Ballast System. This test will check for an oxygen leak.
It operates in the same manner as the Helium Leak Check.
6. Touch the COMBUSTION SYSTEM button icon to test for a
leak in the combustion system. This test will check for an
oxygen leak. It operates in the same manner as the
Helium and Ballast Check.
7. Touch ESC to exit back to the Diagnostics menu.
8. At the Diagnostics menu, touch the BALLAST LEAK CHECK
or COMBUSTION LEAK CHECK icon to perform the same
function as Ballast Check and Combustion System in steps
5 and 6.
Leak Check Definitions:
SYSTEM PRESSURE: Atmospheric pressure before the system

under test is pressurized with oxygen or helium.
INITIAL PRESSURE: Pressure after the system under test is
pressurized and equalized.
CURRENT PRESSURE: Current pressure of the system under
test. As the system pressure changes, as indicated on the Bar
Graph, this measurement will change.
CHANGE IN PRESSURE: Indicates the Amount of Change
between the Initial Pressure and the Current Pressure. A
positive number indicates a decrease in pressure. A negative
number indicates an increase in pressure.
TOTAL ELAPSED TIME: The Total Time the test has been
running, measured in seconds.
CHANGE IN PRESSURE AT 60 SECONDS: Indicates the Rate of
Change after the test has been running for 1 minute. This
number remains the same until the test is canceled.

I/O Diagnostics
• This procedure allows the operator to check the operation of

Notes: each solenoid valve, monitor the input switches, and access
the ambient monitor.
• Each solenoid valve is given a quick access number. Access
to a solenoid valve may be obtained by typing the quick
access valve number on the keyboard.
• Only the highlighted solenoid valve may be tested.
1. Touch the I/O DIAGNOSTICS icon to access Output
Diagnostics. The Output Diagnostics menu is displayed.
2. To select a solenoid valve, touch the ↑ or ↓ button icon to

move the highlight block to the desired solenoid valve.
3. Touch the TOGGLE OUTPUT button icon to change the
state of a selected solenoid valve.
• In addition to accessing the underlined procedures with the
Note: ALT key, the following procedures can be accessed by using
the ALT key.
ALT – S: Sets the solenoid to the ON state.
ALT – R: Resets the solenoid to the OFF state.

4. Touch the INPUT DIAGNOSTICS icon to display the Input
Diagnostics menu.
• The Input Diagnostics menu is a Status menu. None of the

Note: Input Switch States can be changed from this menu.
5. Touch the OUTPUT DIAGNOSTICS button icon to return to
the Output Diagnostics menu.
6. Touch the AMBIENT MONITOR button icon to display the
Ambient Monitor menu.
• For a detailed description of the Ambient Monitor menu,

Note: refer to the SETUP section of this manual.
7. Touch the ESC button icon to return to the Output
Diagnostics menu.

Furnace Diagnostics
• The Furnace Diagnostics procedure permits the Operator, or

Notes: a Service Technician, to Operate, Calibrate, Adjust, Query,
and Evaluate furnace operation.
• Any furnace temperature settings made from diagnostics
will be over-ridden by the operating software when exiting
diagnostics.
• Although furnace 3 is shown on the Furnace Diagnostics
menu and the furnace controller card has a third channel,
the CHN-2000 analyzer does not have a third furnace. For
this reason, all values under furnace 3 can be ignored.
1. Touch the FURNACE DIAGNOSTICS icon to access the
furnace diagnostics procedure.
2. Touch the SET CURRENT LIMIT icon to adjust the

combustion furnace current limit.
3. Touch SET CHAN #1 TEMPERATURE to set the Set
Temperature of the combustion furnace. The keypad will
appear on the right of the screen. Enter the temperature in
o
C.
4. Press ENTER to return to the Furnace Diagnostics menu.
5. Touch SET CHAN #2 TEMPERATURE to set the Set
Temperature of the Catalyst Heater. The keypad will
appear on the right of the screen. Enter the temperature in
o
C.
6. Press ENTER to return to the Furnace Diagnostics menu.

• After the operator exits Furnace Diagnostics, the Catalyst
Notes: Heater will stabilize at 700oC. The temperature of this
furnace is set by the operating software and cannot be
changed outside of Furnace Diagnostics.
• Since there is not a third furnace the SET CHAN #3
TEMPERATURE icon should not be used.
7. Touch START TIMER to activate the Screen Update timer.
When activated, the screen display data will update every
second permitting the operator to see changes as they
occur. A numerical up counter will appear in the block and
Start Timer will change to Stop Timer.
8. Touch STOP TIMER to deactivate the Screen Update timer.
When deactivated the screen will update at a slower rate.
Furnace Diagnostics Definitions:
STATUS: This is a hexadecimal value used to display the

operating status of the furnace. In the example, bit 0 is set to 1
all other bits are 0, producing a value of 0001h. Refer to the
Furnace Status command (FST) on page 8-16 for more
information.
TARGET TEMPERATURE: The computed theoretical operating
temperature, based on the Set Temperature, Actual
Temperature, and Control Signal. This value is in o C.
SET TEMPERATURE: The programmed furnace operating
temperature in o C. This is the temperature setting the operator
wants the furnace to achieve.
ACTUAL TEMPERATURE: The current furnace temperature in o C.
o
OVERTEMPERATURE: The value, in C, that the
overtemperature protection circuit is set at. For more
information refer to Electronic Adjustments.
CONTROL SIGNAL: A computed level from 0 - 255 that
determines how fast or slow the furnace will achieve the Set
Temperature. The higher the number the more power applied
to the furnace.
WRITE/READ LATCH: Displays the furnace controller
Write/Read Latch contents. Normally both latches are empty.
LAST COMMAND: This block is used to input Furnace
Commands, replies appear in the space below the block. The
furnace command entered in the highlighted line will either be
REQUEST or SEND. Refer to the furnace command list in the
Diagnostics section for more information.

Furnace Calibration
1. Touch the CALIBRATE FURNACE icon to access the

Diagnostic Furnace calibration procedure.
• The Diagnostic Furnace Calibration procedure is the same
Notes: for the combustion furnace, reagent furnace, and catalyst
heater. The procedure described below will refer to the
combustion furnace
• To calibrate the furnace, a reference thermocouple must be
installed into the furnace for accurate furnace temperature
measurements. To do this, remove the loading head and
insert the thermocouple into the lance until it rests inside
the crucible. Refer to the Maintenance section (page 6-14)
for the Loading Head Removal procedure.
• The furnace calibration procedure compares the theoretical
calibration curve of the instrument’s thermocouple, to the
ideal calibration curve of the reference thermocouple, and
adjusts the theoretical curve so that the accuracy of the
instrument’s thermocouple equals the accuracy of the
reference thermocouple.
• If desired, all furnaces can be calibrated at the same time.
Perform the same step twice, once for each furnace.
2. To calibrate the Combustion furnace, touch ENTER LOW

TEMPERATURE under combustion. A keypad will appear on
the right side of the screen.
• The value inside the ‘Enter Low (High) Temperature’ icon is
Notes: the current furnace temperature.
• Touch CANCEL, before step 9, to abort the calibration
procedure.

3. Enter the low furnace operating temperature by touching
the number keys on the keypad and then touch ENTER.
This value should be the lowest temperature the furnace
will be operated at.
4. The icon under combustion will change to a thermometer
and the furnace temperature will ramp to the value
entered in step 3. The actual furnace temperature will be
displayed inside the icon.
5. After the furnace temperature ramps to the entered value,

a timer will appear above the thermometer and start
counting down for 5 minutes. During this time, the furnace
is stabilizing and the temperature inside the furnace is
equalizing.
6. After the 5 minute equalization period has ended, and the
counter reached zero, touch ENTER THERMOCOUPLE
TEMPERATURE and a keypad will appear. Enter the
thermocouple temperature from the reference
thermocouple then touch ENTER.
7. Touch ENTER HIGH TEMPERATURE and enter the high
temperature value using the keypad. This value should be
the highest temperature the furnace will be operated at.
DO NOT set this value above the over-temperature
protection value.
8. Touch ENTER and the furnace will ramp to the high
operating temperature. The same events will take place as
did when setting the low operating temperature.
• This is the last step where furnace calibration can be
Note: aborted. If the high temperature from the reference
thermocouple is entered the new calibration will be saved.
To abort furnace calibration touch CANCEL.
9. After the 5 minute equalization timer has finished counting
touch ENTER THERMOCOUPLE and enter the thermocouple
temperature from the reference thermocouple.

10. Touch OK to exit and return to the main furnace
diagnostics menu.
• After furnace calibration is completed, the furnace status
Notes: will change to 9, indicating the furnace is calibrated and it is
using a type B thermocouple.
• If necessary, repeat this procedure for the Catalyst Heater.

Furnace Commands
• All command characters and reply characters must be sent

Notes: as upper case ASCII characters.
• The instruction status byte is sent in reply to a ‘send’
message.
• All commands must be terminated by a ‘?’.
FCS - FURNACE CONTROL SIGNAL: This command is used to
query the furnace control signal for each channel. This
parameter is also displayed in the furnace status block.
REQUEST REPLY PARAM FORMAT RANGE UNITS
FCS chnl? cs chnl integer 1-3 -
- - cs 0 - 100 -
FOT - FURNACE OVERTEMPERATURE LIMIT: This command is

used to query the overtemperature limit (otl). Adjusting control
R5 on the furnace control card (see Electronics Adjustments
section) sets the overtemperature.
FOT chnl? otl chnl integer 1–3 -
- - otl integer 500 – 3000 C
FML - PROGRAM VERSION: This command is used to query the

software version (ml). The format for ml is ddd.xx.
FCL? FML ml ml Float 1 - 100 -
FTC - FURNACE TEMPERATURE CALIBRATION: This command is

used to calibrate the furnace temperature. If adj = 0 the
temperature is stored for offset adjustment. If adj = 1 the
temperature is stored for gain adjustment. When the offset and
gain have been adjusted, the temperature calibration bit of the
status byte (see FST on page 8-16) will be set to 0. The offset
temperature must be sent before the gain temperature is sent.
SEND REPLY PARAM FORMAT RANGE UNITS
FTC chnl FTC isb chnl integer 1-3 -

tmp adj?
- - tmp integer 0 - 1300 C
- - adj integer 0-1 -

FTM - FURNACE TEMPERATURE MONITOR: This command is
used to read the current furnace temperature.
FTM chnl? FTM temp. chnl integer 1–3 -
- - temp integer 0 – 2000 C
FRF - RAMP FURNACE TEMPERATURE: This command is used to

query or send the ramping temperature rate and set point
temperature for each furnace channel. If the ramp rate (rr) is
0, the furnace controller will ramp the furnace temperature at
the maximum ramp rate (same as SET TEMPERATURE).
REQUEST FRF chnl R?
REPLY FRF chnl sp rr
SEND FRF chnl S rr sp?
REPLY isb
PARM FORMAT RANGE UNITS
chnl integer 1–3 -
rr integer 0 – 65535 C / minute
sp integer 0 – 1700 C
FTT - FURNACE TARGET TEMPERATURE: This command is used

to query the furnace channel as the furnace is ramping.
REQUEST FTT chnl
REPLY FTT tt
PARMETER FORMAT RANGE UNITS
TT (target temp) integer 1 - 2000 C
FCJ - COLD JUNCTION TEMPERATURE: This command is used to

request the cold junction temperature (cjt) for the
thermocouple in degrees Celsius.
FCJ? FCT cjt cjt Integer 1 - 255 C

FPD - PROPORTIONAL INTEGRATION DERIVATIVE: This
command is used to query or send various parameters used in
calculating the furnace control. This command should be used
with CAUTION since these parameters can cause the furnace to
malfunction.
REQUEST FDP chnl R?
REPLY FDP p i d il
REQUEST FDP chnl S p i d il?
REPLY FDP isb
PARAMETER FORMAT RANGE UNITS
chnl integer 1-3 -
p float 0 - 20 Proportional
Constant
i float 0-1 Integration

Constant
d float 0 - 1000 Derivative

Constant
il float 0 - 255 Integration Limit

Constant
FUT - UNCALIBRATED FURNACE TEMPERATURE: This command

is used to query the uncalibrated furnace temperature for a
specified furnace channel. The uncalibrated furnace
temperature is computed directly from the thermocouple
reading.
REQUEST FUT chnl
REPLY FUT temp
chnl integer 1-3 -
TEMP integer 0 - 2000 C
FCR - FURNACE CURRENT: This command is used to query the

furnace and return the furnace operating current (fc).
FCR? FCR fc fc integer 0 - 50 AMPS

FCT - CALIBRATION TEMPERATURE: This command is used to
query or set the uncalibrated and calibrated temperatures
stored in NV RAM. Gain is calculated by using the stored
temperatures. This command can be used to reset the furnace
controller back to the default values.
REQUEST FCT chnl R?
REPLY FCT ul cl uh ch gain
SEND FCT chnl S ul cl uh ch?
REPLY FCT isb
PARAMETER FORMAT RANGE UNITS
chnl (channel) integer 1-3 -
ul (uncailb low tmp) integer 0 - 20 -
cl (calib low tmp) integer 0-1 -
ul (uncailb high integer 0 - 1000 -

tmp)
ch (calib high tmp) integer 0 - 1700 -
gain float 0 - 100 -
Default Values:
Uncalibrated Low Temperature ....................................... 300

Calibrated Low Temperature........................................... 300
Uncalibrated High Temperature......................................1000
Calibrated High Temperature .........................................1000
*Command string to enter Defaults:
FCT 1 S 300 300 1000 1000 1.00

FST - FURNACE STATUS: This command is used to send and
request status (sts) information from each of the furnace
control channels.
REQUEST FST chnl R?
REPLY FST sts
SEND FST chnl S?
REPLY FST isb
chnl integer 1-3 -
sts hexadecimal 00h FFh -
The bit definitions for the status byte are as follows:

BIT MEANING 0 1
0 Thermocouple S(*) B (CHAN 1)

Type
0 Thermocouple S(*) K (CHAN 2 & 3)

Type
1 Phase/BurstMode Phase (*) Burst
2 Autostart Mode OFF (*) ON
3 Temp Calibrated No (*) Yes
4-7 (Reserved) - -
* Default value
Thermocouple Type Furnace Channel Temperature Range
B 1 300oC - 1700oC
K 2&3 0oC - 1100oC
S 1, 2 & 3 0oC - 1300oC

INSTRUCTION STATUS BYTE (ISB) (error code)
The instruction status byte is sent in reply to a ‘send’ message.

The bit definitions for the ISB are defined below:
BIT MEANING 0 1
0 Execution Status Executing Not Executing
1 Data Range In Range Out of Range
2 Instruction No Conflict Conflict With
3 Existence Defined Instruction Undefined

Instruction
4 Parameters Sufficient Insufficient
5 Channel Defined Not Defined
6 Command Received Missing

Terminator
7 (Reserved) - -
For example, an ISB of 41(h) (bits 6 and 1 are set) indicates

that the command data was out of range and that no
terminator question mark was sent.

Printer Diagnostics
Printer Test #1
1. Turn OFF the printer.

2. Hold down the LF button while turning the printer ON. The
printer prints one page of available print styles. When the
print is completed, the SEL light glows.
3. To stop this test, press the MODE button.
Printer Test #2
1. Turn OFF the printer.

2. Hold down the TOF/QUIET button while turning the printer
ON. The printer prints a continuous sample of the default
print style.
3. To stop this test, press the MODE button.

9 Electronic Adjustments
Power Supply Unit .............................................................9-3

5 Volt Supply ....................................................................9-4
Other Voltage Supplies .......................................................9-5
±15 Volt Supply ................................................................9-6
IR Cell Adjustment .............................................................9-7
IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card..........................................9-9
TC Cell Adjustment ............................................................9-11
Furnace Controller Card Adjustment ......................................9-13
CHN-2000 9-1 Electronic Adjustments

9 Illustrations
Figure 9-1 .............. Power Supply Assembly .........................9-3

Figure 9-2 .............. CPU Card.............................................9-4
Figure 9-3 .............. IR Cell Preamplifier Card ........................9-8
Figure 9-4 .............. IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card .............9-10
Figure 9-5 .............. TC Cell Assembly and Preamplifier Card ....9-12
Figure 9-6 .............. Furnace Controller Card .........................9-14
Electronic Adjustments 9-2 CHN-2000

Power Supply Unit
• Except for voltage adjustments, field service should not be

Notes: performed on the Power Supply unit. Remove and replace
as necessary.
• The Power Supply unit is located in the lower left section of
the Analyzer and can be accessed by removing the left Side
Panel.
• If it becomes necessary to order a replacement Power
Supply, the voltage select jumper must be cut and removed
before the replacement Power Supply is installed (see figure
9-1 below).
+5 VOLT ADJUST
R29
TB2 V1 R29 R43 PFD

+S +V1+V1-V1-V1 -S -V2+V2-V3+V3-V4+V4
ADJ ADJ
VOLTAGE
115/230 VAC SELECT
JUMPER JUMPER
GND
NEU
V4 R40 R41 LINE
ADJ V3
ADJ
F1 TB1
F1 5.0A
616-903
TRANSFORMER
DC-DC
CONVERTER
700-176 CARD
POWER SUPPLY
CARD
POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 9-1

5 Volt Supply
• If the Power Supply unit is replaced, the +5V adjustment

Note: should be checked to determine if it is in range. System
lockups or erratic results may occur if the +5V adjustment
is out of range.
1. Remove the left Side Panel of the Analyzer and locate the
CPU Card.
2. On the CPU Card, locate connector J057F at the side edge
of the card.
3. Using a digital voltmeter, measure the voltage across pins
3 and 4 of J057F (see figure 9-2 below). Pin 4 is positive.
The voltage should measure between 4.95 and 5.05 volts.
If the voltage is out of range, continue this procedure.
4. Locate control R29 on the Power Supply Card (see figure
9-1 on page 9-3). This card is located in the lower left
corner of the Analyzer and can be accessed through the
metal screen.
5. While measuring the voltage across pins 3 and 4 of J057F
of the CPU card, adjust control R29 until the voltage is
within range, 4.95 to 5.05 volts.
6. Replace the left Side Panel.
R1 R2 J057H
J057E J057F J057G
J057I
U1
R4 R5 C1
666-057-010-C ISA BUS 486SX BOARD
R3
R6 R7
U2
+
CR1
C2
TP1
B1
RN1 RN2 RN3 C3 C4 R8
L1
R10
R11
R9
U3 U4
+
C5
U5
TP2
+
RN4
J057J
U7
F1
U8
C6
TP3
U6
R12 C7
R13 C8
U10
F2
R15
U12
C11
J057K
RN5
U14
Y1
C13
C12
U13
C10
+
RN6 RN7 RN8 RN9

C14
CPU CARD
FIGURE 9-2

Other Voltage Supplies
• The ±15, +24, +12 and +5 Volt Supplies are located on the
Notes: Power Supply module.
• Adjusting the 5-Volt Supply also adjusts the 24-Volt Supply.
• There is no adjustment for the 12-Volt Supply.

±15 Volt Supply
1. Remove the left Side Panel of the Analyzer and locate the
Power Supply Card. This Power Supply Card is located in
the lower left corner of the Analyzer.
2. Using a digital voltmeter, measure between the test points
on the side of the distribution board labeled +15 and GND
and -15 and GND. The voltage should measure between
±14.85 and ±15.15 volts.
3. If the voltage is out of range, continue with this procedure.
Inside the metal screen 230-VAC is present. Use

extreme caution when making the adjustments
outlined below. Contact with this voltage can be
fatal.
4. Turn the power to the Analyzer OFF.

5. Remove the metal screen covering the Power Supply Card.
6. Turn power to the Analyzer on.
7. Locate controls R40 and R41 on the Power Supply Card
(see figure 9-1 on page 9-3). While measuring the voltage,
adjust R40 until the negative voltage is in range and adjust
R41 until the positive is in range. The voltage range is
between ±14.85 and ±15.15 volts.
8. Replace the Metal Screen and left Side Panel.

IR Cell Adjustment
• This adjustment procedure may be used to adjust the

Notes: carbon and hydrogen IR Cell outputs.
• The cell output range for both IR Cells is 7.500 to 9.500. An
alarm occurs if it exceeds this range indicating that the
following adjustment must be performed.
• Although this procedure describes adjustments for the
carbon IR Cell (chopper motor connector J152), it also
pertains to the hydrogen IR Cell (chopper motor connector
J152A).
• The instrument must be at normal operating temperature
and the gas should be on before adjusting the cell output.
• The gain can be adjusted without adjusting the zero each
time.
• In figure 9-3 on page 9-8, only three connectors are shown
for illustrative purposes.
• After performing this procedure, allow the oven temperature
to stabilize before analyzing samples.
1. View the Ambient Monitor by touching the MAINTENANCE
icon and observe the IR cell voltage.
2. Remove the right Side Panel and locate the IR cell
assembly in the lower right corner.
3. Locate R24, the zero adjustment control, and R3, the gain
adjustment control, on the IR cell, and the chopper motor
connector J152 (see figure 9-3 on page 9-8).
• To gain easier access to the adjustments, disengage the
Note: fasteners by pulling up on the plungers and slide the
assembly out a few inches.
4. Disconnect J152 and observe the touchscreen display. The
reading should drop to zero. If not, adjust the zero control
with a small screwdriver until the display indicates 0.001.
5. Reconnect J152 and observe the touchscreen display, it
should read 8.500 (±0.200) volts. If not, adjust the gain
control until the display indicates 8.500 (±0.200) volts.
6. Repeat this procedure for the other IR Cell.
7. Replace the right Side Panel.

R1
R2
R3
C1 C2
+ C3
R5
R4 MP2 R7
C4
+
+ R9
C5 C6 R8
R10
R11
R12 CR1
IC1 C7 MP1
C16
CR2 C9
R13
R20
R15 R21
C10
R14 CR3
R16 R17
IC2 R19
C11 R18 +
+ C12
R22 R23
R24
C13 C15
R25
IR CELL PREAMPLIFIER CARD

FIGURE 9-3

IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card
This card contains line voltage. To avoid electrical

shock use extreme care in making adjustments.
• Perform this procedure after replacing the Oven Heater

Notes: Control Card, or if the IR Cell oven temperature falls out of
range, 50oC (±1 oC).
• This adjustment requires a digital voltmeter.
icon and observe the IR Cell oven temperature.
2. Remove the Analyzer’s right Side Panel.
3. Disconnect the input and output gas lines to the IR Cells
by pulling the metal tubing out of the flexible tubing at the
tee connectors, which are between pinch valves 8A and 9,
and 7 and 8B.
4. Disengage the fasteners by pulling up on the plungers and
slide the ballast tank assembly out.
5. Locate the oven heater control card, attached to the inner
wall of the Analyzer and directly behind the Ballast Tank
position.
6. Locate the oven temperature adjustment control R1, and
test points TP1 and TP2 (see figure 9-4 on page 9-10).
7. Connect the digital voltmeter leads across test points TP1
and TP2, the positive lead should be connected to TP1.
8. Adjust control R1, for a voltmeter reading of 5.0 volts. This
corresponds to 50o C.
9. Disconnect the digital voltmeter.
10. Reinstall the Ballast Tank and left Side Panel, and allow the
temperature to stabilize. Recheck the temperature reading
displayed on the Ambient Monitor. It should read 50o C
±1o C.

TP1
TP2
TP3 U1
C2 C3
C1
R4
C4
R3 R1 R5
R10
R11
R6 U2
R2
K1 C5 R7
R8
R12
R9
C6 C7
R13
C8
R14
U3 R15
R16
C11
C10
C9
U5
Q1 CR1
U4
R17 C12
C13 +
C14
+
Z A J539
IR CELL OVEN HEATER CONTROL CARD

FIGURE 9-4

TC Cell Adjustment
• Adjustment is necessary if the TC Cell current goes out of

Notes: range.
• Helium must be connected and flowing through the TC Cell
prior to adjustment.
icon and observe the TC Cell filament current.
2. Remove the right Side Panel of the Analyzer and locate the
TC Cell Assembly in the upper right corner.
3. Locate the current adjustment control, R32, on the TC Cell
Supply Circuit Card (see figure 9-5 on page 9-12).
4. Observe the display and adjust the current for 90 ma. The
display should read 85 - 95 ma.
5. Replace the Analyzer right Side Panel.

777-820
TC CELL
PREAMP
CARD
R32
608-438
TC CELL FLOW
CONTROLLER
TC CELL ASSEMBLY AND PREAMPLIFIER CARD

FIGURE 9-5

Furnace Controller Card Adjustment
When performing the following adjustments, 230

VAC is present. Use extreme caution when accessing
the adjustments and controls. Contact with this
voltage can be FATAL.
• Adjustment of the Furnace Controller Card is only necessary

Notes: if a new Furnace Controller Card is installed.
• This procedure should be performed for both the
combustion Furnace and Catalyst Heater.
• The catalyst heater controller card is located in the Analyzer
and the Furnace controller card is located in the combustion
Furnace.
• The left Side Panels of both the furnaces should be
removed.
• Controls R3 and R4 located on the Furnace Controller Cards
will not be adjusted. These controls are for channels not
used in this system.
Overtemperature Protection
1. Access the Furnace Diagnostics procedure by touching the

MAINTENANCE icon and the DIAGNOSTICS.
2. While displaying the overtemperature protection
temperature on the Touchscreen, adjust R5, the
Overtemperature Adjustment Control for a temperature of
1450o C (see figure 9-6 on page 9-14). Turn control R5
clockwise to increase the overtemperature protection, or
counterclockwise to decrease the overtemperature
protection temperature.
3. To exit the Furnace Diagnostic procedure, touch ESC.

Current Limit
1. Access the Furnace Diagnostics procedure by touching the

MAINTENANCE icon and then DIAGNOSTICS.
2. Access the Current Limit Adjustment procedure by
touching the SET CURRENT LIMIT icon.
3. Adjust R2, the Current Limit Adjustment Control,
counterclockwise until the yellow LED lights (see figure 9-5
below). If the LED is lit, continue with the next step.
4. Touch NEXT STEP to continue with the adjustment
procedure.
5. Turn control R2 until the current measures 17.0 (±2)
amperes on the touch screen. The Analyzer will beep when
the current is properly set. Turn control R2 clockwise to
increase the current limit, or counterclockwise to decrease
the current limit.
6. To exit the Furnace Diagnostics procedure, touch ESC.
R2 R5
1 1TP1 TP2
Q1
TB1 COPYRIGHT C 1992-93
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
J2 C52 LECO CORPORATION.
J3 LED1 LED2 ST. JOSEPH, MI U.S.A
CR1 SW1 R23
R1 R6
R11 R13 C51 C53 C54
CR11 R9 R10 U18 C55 C56
R40 R12 R14 C3 C4 C5 CR3
1 C9 R17 R19 C6 R15
+ C8 R20 R8 U3
R24 U2 C7 R18
J4 C1 R21 R16
CR2 U4
J832A R5 RN1
C10 R3
R2 R4 CR5 C11 C12 R22
R26 R28 C13
CR4R27 R23 C14
C50 R29 C16
U5 U16 C57 C15 U6
C58 C18
C59 U17 U8 U7 C19 CR6
C17 C20
C21
R30 R31
+ C22
CR8 R32 C23 C24 R34
CR9
+ R35 R36
U1 C27
+
Y1 R33 C26
C25 U9
U10 Q2
R37
C28 C29 R38 1
C30 U11 C34
J1 CR10 +
U13 C33 C35
R39
C31 U12 R41 RN2 +
C32
C28 R43
R42
+ C40
C37 C39
U15
R49 C36
R48 J832
R50 U14 B31 B1
A31 A1
FURNACE CONTROLLER CARD

FIGURE 9-6

10 Service
Computer Troubleshooting...................................................10-3
Initializing the CPU.............................................................10-8
Flow Analysis ....................................................................10-14
Flow System Troubleshooting...............................................10-20
CHN-2000 10-1 Service

10 Illustrations
Figure 10-1............. Gas Flow Diagram.................................10-30
Table 10-1.............. Valve State Posistions............................10-29
Service 10-2 CHN-2000

Computer Troubleshooting
The procedures outlined on the following pages

require operation of the instrument with panels
removed and the power turned ON. Use caution when
making measurements and tests. Lethal voltages and
assemblies at high temperatures are present.
• As this information is used, refer to the schematic diagrams

Notes: and illustrations to locate specific connectors and circuit
cards.
• Before replacing an expensive assembly, contact the LECO®
Service Department for help. Some symptoms can lead to
an incorrect diagnosis.
Minimum Hardware Required
1. CPU Card
2. Video Card
3. Floppy Controller Card
4. Display Assembly
5. Disk Drive
Minimum Software Required
1. DOS disk
Boot-up Procedure and Results
1. Turn Power On
2. Delay Seconds
3. Listen for Beep
4. Delay Seconds
5. Disk Drive LED Light
6. CPU Reads Disk
7. DOS Boot-up is displayed

Testing Computer Only
1. Turn the Analyzer power OFF, remove and disconnect the

following:
a. Printer Cable connected to J207 on the rear of the
Analyzer.
b. Display Cable connected to J782D on the I/O circuit
card.
c. Remove the I/O Circuit Card.
d. External Keyboard connected to J005.
e. Left Side Panel of the Analyzer.
2. Turn the power to the Analyzer on and listen for a beep
from the speaker. If NO beep is heard, perform the
Computer Area Isolation procedure. If a beep is heard, view
the Touchscreen and determine if a blinking cursor is
present.
3. If a blinking cursor is NOT present, perform the Flat Panel
Isolation procedure. If the blinking cursor is present,
determine if the red light on the Disk Drive flashes and the
drive is turning.
4. If the red light on the disk drive is NOT active, and the drive
it is NOT turning, check power to the drive and the Ribbon
cable for connection and continuity. If both the Power and
Ribbon Cable check properly, replace the drive.
5. If the Disk Drive operates properly, turn the power to the
Analyzer OFF and insert the original DOS disk. Turn the
power on and determine if a prompt appears on the
Touchscreen.
6. If the prompt does NOT appear, check the DOS disk and
make sure it is the proper one, NOT the one labeled
‘Supplemental Programs’.
7. If the prompt appears after booting the Floppy Disk, check
the directory on the Hard Drive. Type ‘DIR C:’ and press
enter. If the directory does NOT appear, check for corrupted
software on the Hard Drive or a defective Hard Drive Circuit
Card. If the directory appears the computer is operating
properly.

Computer Area Isolation
1. Turn the power to the Analyzer on and check the output

voltages, at the 14 position Interconnect Circuit Board, from
the Power Supply. Check for +5 and ±15 volts at connector
J010.
2. If the proper voltages are NOT present at J010, replace the
Power Supply.
3. If the proper voltages are present, turn the power to the
Analyzer OFF and remove all the circuit cards except the
CPU Circuit Card. Disconnect the cables from the cards.
from the speaker. If NO beep is heard, replace the CPU
Circuit Card.
5. If a beep is heard, turn the power OFF and insert the
floppy/PAL Circuit Card.
6. Turn the power to the Analyzer on and listen for beep from
speaker. If NO beep is heard, replace the floppy/PAL Circuit
Card.
7. If a beep is heard, turn the power to the Analyzer OFF and
connect the Ribbon Cable from the Floppy Drive to the
floppy/PAL Circuit Card.
from the speaker. If NO beep is heard, check the continuity
of the cable. If the cable checks properly replace the Floppy
Drive.
insert the Hard Drive Circuit Card.
from the speaker. If No beep is heard, replace the Hard
Drive Circuit Card.
connect the Serial Cable from the display card to J782D on
the I/O Circuit Card.
from the speaker. If NO beep is heard, replace the Display
Card. If a beep is heard, the computer is operating properly.

Flat Panel Isolation Procedure
1. If there is NO display on the Touchscreen, check and

determine if the cables are securely attached to the flat
panel display and the display card. If not, reconnect them.
2. If the cables are properly connected, first replace the Fat
Panel Display and then replace the Display Card.

Computer Program Operation
1. Turn the power to the Analyzer OFF and remove any disk
that may have been inserted into the Disk Drive.
2. Install the I/O Circuit Card if it has not been installed.
from the speaker.
4. If NO beep is heard, replace the I/O Circuit Card.
5. If a beep is heard, determine if the application program
appears on the Touchscreen.
6. If the application program does NOT appear, insert the
back-up disk and type “INSTALL”. Reboot the system and
determine if the application program appears on the
Touchscreen.
7. If the application program does NOT appear, replace the
hard drive circuit card. If the application program appears,
the computer is operating properly.

Initializing the CPU
486 CPU Setup Procedure
The CMOS configuration may have to be set for a 80486 CPU

card.
During the new CPU’s boot process when the message “WAIT . .
. .” is displayed, press the DELETE key. The display will be
similar to the following example.
AMBIOS SETUP PROGRAM - BIOS SETUP UTILITIES

©1992 American Megatrends Inc., All Rights Reserved
STANDARD CMOS SETUP
ADVANCED CMOS SETUP
ADVANCED CHIPSET SETUP
PERIPHERAL MANAGEMENT SETUP
AUTO DETECT HARD DISK HARD DISK UTILITY
WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT
DO NOT WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT
Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to STANDARD

CMOS SETUP and press the ENTER key to access this
procedure. The display will be similar to the following example.
AMBIOS SETUP PROGRAM - STANDARD CMOS SETUP

©1992 American Megatrends Inc.,
All Rights Reserved
Date (mn/date/year):Tue, May 16 1995 ............... Base Memory :640 KB
Time (hour/min/sec):14 : 52 : 09 ............... Ext. Memory :1024KB
Cyln Head Wpcom Lzone Sect Size
Hard Disk C: Type : 2 615 4 300 615 17 20 MB
Hard Disk D: Type : Not Installed
Floppy Drive A: 1.44 MB, 31/2“ Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
Floppy Drive B: Not Installed
Primary Display: Color 80 x 25 30 1 2 3 4 5 6
Keyboard: Not Installed 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Month : Jan, Feb, ……Dec
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Date : 01, 02, 03,…...31
Year : 1901, 1902,….2099 28 29 30 31 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Use the PAGE UP and PAGE DOWN keys to set the date and
time. Hard disk types may be manually entered using this
procedure, or they can be automatically entered using the
AUTO DETECT HARD DISK procedure (page 10-11). Floppy
Drive A is installed at the factory and should be set for a 1.44
MB, 31 /2 “ drive. If Floppy Drive B is installed, select the proper
drive type. The Primary Display should be set for Color 80 x 25.
If an external keyboard is connected, set the Keyboard setting
to “Installed”. After all Standard CMOS Setup settings are
correct, press the ESC key to return to the main setup menu.

• Pressing the ENTER key within a setup screen will move the
Note:
highlight cursor to the next editable field.
Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to ADVANCED
CMOS SETUP and press the ENTER key to access this
AMBIOS SETUP PROGRAM - ADVANCED CMOS SETUP

Typematic Rate Programming : Enabled
Typematic Rate Delay (msec) : 500
Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec) : 30
Above 1 MB Memory Test : Disabled Video ROM Shadow C400, 16K : Enabled
Memory Test Tick Sound : Enabled Adaptor ROM Shadow C800, 16K : Disabled
Memory Parity Error Check : Enabled Adaptor ROM Shadow CC00, 16K : Disabled
I/O Channel Check Error : Disabled Adaptor ROM Shadow D000, 16K : Disabled
Hit <DEL> Message Display : Enabled Adaptor ROM Shadow D400, 16K : Disabled
Hard Disk Type 47 RAM Area : 0:300 Adaptor ROM Shadow D800, 16K : Disabled
Wait For <F1> If Any Error : Disabled Adaptor ROM Shadow DC00, 16K : Disabled
System Boot Up Num Lock : On Adaptor ROM Shadow E000, 16K : Disabled
Floppy Drive Seek At Boot : Disabled Adaptor ROM Shadow E400, 16K : Disabled
System Boot Up Sequence : C:, A: Adaptor ROM Shadow E800, 16K : Disabled
System Boot Up CPU Speed : High Adaptor ROM Shadow EC00, 16K : Disabled
Internal Cache Memory : Enabled Adaptor ROM Shadow F000, 64K : Enabled
Turbo Switch Function : Disabled BootSector Virus Protection : Disabled
Password Checking Option : Setup
Video ROM Shadow C000, : Enabled
16K
Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to ADVANCED

CHIPSET SETUP and press the ENTER key to access this
procedure. This procedure consists of three screen displays.
None of these settings should be changed. The parameters are
shown here only for the purpose of listing proper settings. The
first display will be as follows.

Read Cycle Start Point : Begin T2 Fast BUS CLOCK Region Addr : 0 KB
RAS Precharge Time : 3 CLK2s Fast BUS CLK Divider : /8
RAS To CAS Delay : 3 CLK2s Slow BUS CLK Divider : /8
CAS Width For Read/Write : 2/2 Extended DMA Mode : Disabled
RAS Timeout : Enabled Extended DMA Page : Lower
MA [10:0] & RAMW# Drive (mA) : 24-24-24 8-Bit DMA Wait States : 3 W/S
Refresh Mode : Sync 16-Bit DMA Wait States : 3 W/S
Refresh Type : RAS ONLY DMA Clock : SCLK/2
Refresh Period : 15.625 DMA MEMR# Signal Delay : Normal
Page Mode : Enabled I/O Address Decode : 16 bit
Ext. Parity Error Input : Disabled Slot Drive Current : 24 mA
Parity generation : Disabled Disk I/O Timing : Slow
Middle BIOS : Disabled Command Delay - I/O Cycle : 1
Flash Memory Support : Disabled Command Delay - Mem Cycle : 1
ROM Wait States Use the: arrow
3 W/S keys to scroll through
16-Bit Wait States the parameters.
: 1 W/S
Slow CPU Speed Emulation : /2 8-Bit Wait States : 5 W/S
Slow CPU Clock Divider : /4 CWE Turn-off Time : Late
Fast BUS CLK Freq. Change : Disabled Fast Internal RC# : Enabled

The second display in the ADVANCED CHIPSET SETUP
procedure is as follows.

Conditional Wait States : Enabled F000, 64KB, Cacheability : NonCache
Secondary Cacheability : Disabled Prog. Region 1 BUS Type : ISA BUS
Cache Cntrlr Clock Adjust : Enabled Prog. Region 1 Cacheable : Yes
Cache Write Wait States : 1 W/S Prog. Region 1 Size : 512 KB
Cache Valid Bit : Enabled Prog. Region 1 Address (KB) : 0
Cache Dirty Bit : Enabled Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 1 : Disabled
C000, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 2 : Disabled
CC00, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 5 : Disabled
D000, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 6 : Disabled
The third :display
DC00, 16KB, Cacheability NonCachein the ADVANCED CHIPSET
Prog. Region 2 BUS Type SETUP: procedure
ISA BUS
is as follows.
E000, 16KB, Cacheability Please noteProg.
: NonCache that most
Region of the third display
2 Cacheable : Yes is a
E400, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Prog. Region 2 Size : 512 KB
repeat
E800, 16KB, Cacheability of the second
: NonCache display. Only the last seven
Prog. Region 2 Address (KB) items
: 0 in the
right hand: column
EC00, 16KB, Cacheability NonCacheare displayed for 2,the
Mem. Region first time.
Sub-Region 1 : Disabled

CC00, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 5 : Disabled
DC00, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Prog. Region 2 BUS Type : SA BUS
E000, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Prog. Region 2 Cacheable : Yes
E400, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Prog. Region 2 Size : 512 KB
E800, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Prog. Region 2 Address (KB) : 0
EC00, 16KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 1 : Disabled
F000, 64KB, Cacheability : NonCache Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 2 : Disabled
Prog. Region 1 BUS Type : ISA BUS Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 3 : Disabled
Prog. Region 1 Cacheable : Yes Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 4 : Disabled
Prog. Region 1 Size If settings: are all properlyMem.
512 KB set, press
Region the ESC5 key
2, Sub-Region to return to
: Disabled
the(KB)
Prog. Region 1 Address main setup
: 0 menu. Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 6 : Disabled
Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 1 : Disabled Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 7 : Disabled
Mem. Region 1, Sub-Region 2 : Disabled Mem. Region 2, Sub-Region 8 : Disabled

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to PERIPHERAL
MANAGEMENT SETUP and press the ENTER key to access this

Programming Option : Auto
On-Board Floppy Drive : Disabled
On-Board IDE Drive : Disabled
First Serial Port Address : Disabled
Second Serial Port Address : Disabled
IRQ Active State : High
Parallel Port Mode : Normal
Unless user supplied peripherals have been added, factory

settings (shown above) should be used. Press the ESC key to
return to the main setup menu.
Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to AUTO
DETECT HARD DISK and press the ENTER key to access this
procedure. The system will automatically check hard disk C:
and display the pertinent information in a display similar to the
following example.

Cyln Head Wpcom LZone Sect Size

(MB)
Hard Disk C: Type If the
: 47 parameters
= USER TYPE displayed
968 are
5 correct,
65535 press
968 the Y
17 key40and
then the ENTER key. The display will prompt for auto detection
of hardAccept Parameters
disk D:. forD:
If hard disk C:is (Y/N)?
installed, press the Y key and
then the ENTER key. When finished, press the ESC key to
If the parameters displayed are correct, press the Y key and
then the ENTER key. The display will prompt for auto detection
of hard disk D:. If hard disk D: is installed, press the Y key and
then the ENTER key. When finished, press the ESC key to

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight cursor to HARD DISK
UTILITY and press the ENTER key to access this procedure. The
display will be similar to the following example.

Cyln Head Wpcom LZone Sect Size

(MB)
Hard Disk C: Type : 2 915 4 300 615 17 20
Hard Disk Type can be changed from the Standard CMOS SETUP option in the Main Menu
Hard Disk Format

Auto Interleave
Media Analysis
From this display, the hard disk can be formatted, causing all
data on the hard disk to be erased. This is not recommended.
Also from this display, selecting Media Analysis will analyze the
hard disk media for defects.
To save changes made during setup, use the arrow keys to
move the highlight cursor to WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT and
press the ENTER key. The display will prompt for a Yes or No
response for saving and exiting.
If changes are not to be saved, use the arrow keys to move the
highlight cursor to DO NOT WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT and
press the ENTER key. The system will revert to the previously
saved settings.

386 CPU Setup Procedure
NOTES: The CMOS configuration must be set if a new CPU card

is installed or the lithium battery is replaced. During the CPU’s
boot process, this message may display after a memory test:
“INVALID CONFIGURATION - PLEASE RUN SETUP” (3 second
delay) “STRIKE F1 TO CONTINUE, FW TO RUN THE SETUP
UTILITY”. Strike F2 on the keyboard to run the setup utility.
See below for proper settings.
The setup utility may also be accessed at any time by

simultaneously pressing the CTRL, ALT and ESC keys on the
external keyboard.
CMOS SETUP PROGRAM

© Copyright 1988, Diversified Technology, Inc.
DATE: 1/1/91 TIME: 0:00:00
DISKETTE 1: 720K
DISKETTE 2: NONE
CYLINDER HEADS SECTORS PRECOMP SIZE
FIXED DISK 1: 176154130021

FIXED DISK 2: NONE
VIDEO: EGA
BASE MEMORY: 640

EXTENDED MEMORY: 1024
REMAP SHADOW RAM: DISABLED
MEMORY TEST: EXECUTE
HALT CONDITIONS: HALT ON ANY ERROR

SHADOW BIOS: SYSTEM BIOS
PS2 MOUSE PORT: ENABLED
8 BIT BUS ACCESS: 4 WAIT STATES
16 BIT BUS ACCESS: 1 WAIT STATE
<↑, ↓> changes item, <←, →> changes value,

F8/F10 records displayed data, ESC exits,
F7/F9 for color ON/OFF

Flow Analysis
Service - Analysis Gas Flow
• The following information describes gas flow and the stages

Note: in the analysis of a sample. As you read this information,
refer to table 10-1 and figure 10-1 on pages 10-29 and 10-
30.
PURGE 1: Returns the Ballast Piston home fast.

During the PURGE 1 stage, before analysis, carrier gas flows
through the nitrogen measurement system. Valve SV13 is
open, permitting compressed air to lower the piston in the
ballast tank.
PURGE 2: System readies to analyze.

PURGE 2 sets the system for analysis. Valves SV4, SV5, SV8
and SV10 are energized, purging the combustion chamber,
ballast tank, IR Cells and aliquot doser of foreign gas and
flushing it with oxygen.
At the same time, SV15, SV16 and SV17 are opened permitting
carrier gas to flush the nitrogen measurement system. This
insures accurate measurements by stabilizing the thermal
conductivity cell and removing foreign gas from the system.
PURGE 3: Gas conservation, Helium low flow, Oxygen off.

PURGE 3 is the gas conservation stage. The flow of oxygen is
stopped, and the carrier gas flow is reduced by routing gas
around SV16 through a restrictor. The instrument will remain in
this stage until the operator programs it to continue with
analysis.
PURGE 4: Release Loading Head, open Slide Block Piston Seal.

The next stage, PURGE 4, flushes both systems before analysis
of a sample. Valves SV10, V5 and V8 are energized and SV4 is
closed, opening the piston seal on the combustion chamber and
flushing it, along with the IR Cells, ballast tank and aliquot
doser.
While the combustion system is flushing, valve SV16 opens
increasing the carrier gas flow through the nitrogen
measurement system. This flushes the nitrogen measurement
system stabilizing the TC cell. This stage is programmed to
delay operation for .5 seconds.

PURGE 5: Loading Head Slide Block back, Sample drops into
Chamber.
PURGE 5 readies the system to accept a sample. Valve SV1 is
opened, sliding the loading block back permitting a sample to
be dropped into the loading head chamber. This stage is
programmed to delay operation for 1 second.
PURGE 6: Loading Head Slide Block forward, Chamber purged.

PURGE 6 slides the loading block forward by opening valve SV1,
purging the combustion chamber. Valve SV11 is also opened,
increasing the flow of oxygen. This stage is programmed to
delay operation for 4 seconds.
PURGE 7: Loading Head Slide Block Piston Seal closed,

Combustion system pressurized for purging.
During PURGE 7, valve SV4 opens, pressurizing the combustion
chamber. Valve SV11 is closed, and valve SV12 is opened,
decreasing the oxygen flow. This stage is programmed to delay
operation 2 seconds.
PURGE 8: Combustion System pressure released, fast flow

through IR Cells for purging.
PURGE 8 releases combustion system pressure by closing valve
V6 and opening valves V8. This provides a fast flow through the
IR Cells, clearing them of foreign gas. The operator can adjust
the delay during this state. Closing valve SV12 and opening
valve SV11 increases the flow of oxygen.
PURGE 9: Replace Ballast back pressure, prepare combustion

system for sample drop.
PURGE 9 readies the system for a sample drop. Opening valve
SV11 reduces oxygen flow. Valves V5 and V6 are also opened
preventing oxygen flow to the ballast tank. This stage is
programmed to delay operation for 2 seconds.
BURN 1: Sample begins to burn according to profile set in

Oxygen flow in the Methods menu.
At this point the sample drops and BURN 1 begins. Oxygen flow
starts by opening valves SV10, SV11 and SV12. Valves V5, V7
and V8 are closed, preventing gas flow out of the ballast tank.
Sample gas accumulates in the ballast tank. The burn continues
until ballast tank pressure reaches 250 mm Hg plus the
barometric pressure.

BURN 2: Oxygen high flow for mixing gasses.
After the proper ballast tank pressure is reached, BURN 2
begins. Oxygen flow is increased to high by opening valves
SV10, SV11 and SV12. This continues until the ballast tank
pressure reaches 275 mm Hg plus the barometric pressure.
ANALYSIS 1: Seal off gasses collected in Ballast volume.

Burn 2 is the last burn stage. After the proper pressure is
reached, valve V6 closes, trapping sample gas in the ballast
tank. Oxygen valves SV10, SV11 and SV12 close, stopping the
flow of oxygen, causing the system to reach the ANALYSIS 1
state. This stage is programmed to delay operation 1.5
seconds.
ANALYSIS 2: Equilibrate Ballast volume.

As ANALYSIS 2 begins, valves V5 and SV10 are opened,
purging the combustion chamber, preparing the system for
another sample. At the same time, gas in the ballast tank is
equilibrating. This process continues for 30 seconds.
ANALYSIS 3: Release Ballast pressure through IR Cells and the

Aliquot Loop.
During ANALYSIS 3, the combustion chamber is permitted to
continue purging. Valve V7 is opened, releasing pressure in the
ballast tank until it reaches 150 mm Hg plus the barometric
pressure. This causes sample gas to flow through the IR Cells
and fill the aliquot loop.
ANALYSIS 4: Read IR Cell final pressure, equilibrate Aliquot

Loop pressure.
As ANALYSIS 4 begins, valve V9 closes, isolating gas in the IR
Cells and aliquot doser. Gas is allowed to equilibrate in the
aliquot doser and a measurement is taken from the IR Cells to
determine the content of carbon and hydrogen present in the
sample. This stage is programmed to delay operation 4
seconds.
ANALYSIS 5: Isolate IR Cells and dump Aliquot into Helium

measure stream.
ANALYSIS 5 starts with the closing of V7 and the dumping of
aliquot into the carrier gas. This traps sample gas in the IR
Cells. This stage is programmed to delay operation 2 seconds.

ANALYSIS 6: Take IR Cell readings, begin to empty ballast
volume in preparation for next analysis.
ANALYSIS 6 begins as valve SV10 closes and valve V6 opens.
This stops the flow of oxygen and empties the ballast tank. An
IR Cell measurement is also taken. This stage is programmed
to delay operation 5 seconds.
ANALYSIS 7: Integrate nitrogen signal from TC cell.

The last stage is ANALYSIS 7, valves SV10, V7, V8 and V9
open, emptying and flushing the system. At the same time, a
measurement is taken from the TC cell to determine the
nitrogen content in the sample.

Service - Leak Check Diagnostics Gas Flow
• Diagnostics are performed by touching the icon for

Notes: diagnostics under the maintenance menu.
• There are three diagnostic leak tests, Combustion Leak
Check, Ballast Leak Check and Helium Leak Check.
• As you read this information, refer to table 10-1 and figure
10-1 on pages 10-29 and 10-30
Combustion Leak Check Diagnostics are performed by valve

states O2 Test 1 and O2 Test 2.
After the Combustion Leak Check icon is touched, the Analyzer
is in O2 TEST 1 stage. This stage opens solenoid valves SV4,
SV10 and SV13 and closes pinch valves V5, V8 and V9. The
combustion system pressurizes as the ballast piston rises.
Solenoid valves SV16, SV16 and SV17 are also open permitting
carrier gas to purge the nitrogen measurement system.
When the combustion system reaches maximum diagnostic
pressure, the Analyzer automatically switches to the O2 TEST 2
stage. During this stage the only valve that changes state, from
O2 Test 1, is SV10. SV10 closes, trapping pressurized oxygen in
the combustion chamber.
During the O2 Test 2 stage, while oxygen is trapped in the
combustion chamber, the results are displayed on the touch-
screen. If oxygen escapes from the system, or the pressure
increases, resulting from an oxygen leak into the system, a
warning message is displayed.
Ballast Leak Check Diagnostics are performed by valve states
O2 Test 1 and Ballast Test 1.
After the Ballast Leak Check icon is touched, the Analyzer is in
stage O2 Test 1. This is the same stage as described above.
Solenoid valves SV4, SV10 and SV13 open and pinch valves V5,
V8 and V9 close. The combustion system pressurizes as the
ballast piston rises.
When the combustion system reaches maximum diagnostic
pressure, the Analyzer automatically switches to the BALLAST
TEST 1 stage. Valve SV10 closes, stopping the flow of oxygen
into the combustion system, and valves SV6 and SV7 close
sealing off the ballast tank.

During Ballast Test 1, as the ballast tank is sealed off, the
results of the test are displayed on the Touchscreen. If oxygen
escapes from the system or the pressure increases, resulting
from an oxygen leak into the system, a warning message is
displayed.
Helium Leak Check Diagnostics are performed by valve states
He Test 1 and He Test 2.
After the Helium Leak Check icon is touched, the Analyzer is in
He TEST 1 stage. This stage opens SV14, permitting the
pressure transducer to read helium pressure, and closes SV15,
stopping the flow of helium. By closing SV15, the helium
pressure is permitted to fall to the diagnostic pressure level.
Valves SV5, SV8 and SV10 are opened, purging the combustion
system as the helium leak check is being performed.
When the helium pressure falls to the proper pressure, the
Analyzer switches to the He TEST 2 stage. During this stage,
valve SV17 closes trapping helium in the nitrogen measurement
system. The results of the test are displayed on the
Touchscreen. If helium escapes from the system, or the
pressure increases, resulting from a helium leak into the
system, a warning message is displayed.

Flow System Troubleshooting
Combustion Gas Flow Troubleshooting
• The oxygen flow should be approximately 675 cpm.

Notes:
• The oxygen pressure should be between ½ and 2 psi during
P2 Gas State.
• The Analyzer should NOT be in the gas standby mode.
• For troubleshooting analysis, the Analyzer will be in Purge 2,
refer to figure 10-1 on page 10-30 as you perform the steps
below.
1. The combustion gas, or oxygen flow, may be observed
directly on the Front Panel oxygen flow rotameter. Oxygen
pressure can be observed directly on the Front Panel
oxygen pressure gauge.
2. Observe the rotameter for indications of high, low or
erratic flow. If these indications exist, perform oxygen leak
diagnostics, both ballast and combustion leak checks.
3. If a leak is indicated during the ballast check, refer to
Ballast Tank Leak Troubleshooting. If a leak is indicated
during combustion system check, refer to Combustion
System Leak Troubleshooting.
4. If no leaks are indicated, flow is low and pressure is high,
disconnect the particle filter at the output of the Furnace.
If conditions remain the same, repack the Furnace tube. If
flow increases and pressure decreases, check for a
restriction at the following assemblies.
• To check for a restriction, disconnect the tubing at the input

Note: of each assembly, one at a time, and observe the rotameter
and pressure gauge. When the restriction is found, flow will
increase and pressure will decrease.
STEP ASSEMBLY
A BUBBLE PARTICLE FILTER
B DISPOSABLE PARTICLE FILTER
C PINCH VALVE V6
D BALLAST TANK
E PINCH VALVE V7
F IR CELLS
G PINCH VALVE V9
H ALIQUOT DOSER

5. If flow is low and pressure is low, check for a restriction at
SV10, the restrictor associated with it or a misadjusted
pressure regulator. To check for a restriction at SV10 or
the restrictor, turn the Oxygen gas OFF, disassemble and
clean them.

Carrier Gas Flow Troubleshooting
• The helium flow should be approximately 300 cpm.

Notes:
• The Analyzer should NOT be in the gas stand-by mode.
• For troubleshooting analysis, the Analyzer will be in Purge 2,
refer to the Gas Flow diagram (see figure 10-1 on page 10-
30) as you perform the steps below.
1. The carrier gas, or nitrogen flow, may be observed directly
on the Front Panel helium flow rotameter.
2. Observe the rotameter for indications of high, low or
erratic flow. If these indications exist, perform helium leak
diagnostics.
3. If a leak is indicated during the helium check, refer to
Helium System Leak Troubleshooting.
4. If no leaks are indicated, flow is low, disconnect the output
of the helium flow rotameter. If flow remains the same,
repack the incoming reagent tube.
5. If flow increases, reinstall the helium flow rotameter and
remove the measure flow reagent tube. If flow increases,
repack the helium flow reagent tube.
6. If flow remains low, check for restrictions at the following
assemblies.
• To check for a restriction, disconnect the tubing at the input
Note: of each assembly, one at a time, and observe the
rotameter. When the restriction is found, flow will increase.
STEP ASSEMBLY
A SOLENOID VALVE SV16
B ALIQUOT DOSER
C CATALYST HEATER
D TC CELL
E SOLENOID VALVE SV17
F FLOW CONTROLLER
7. If flow continues to remain low, check for a restriction at

SV16 or the carrier gas pressure regulator. To check for a
restriction at SV16, disassemble and clean it. To check for
a restriction at the pressure regulator, remove and replace
it.

Combustion System Leak Troubleshooting
• Combustion System Gas Troubleshooting should have been

Notes: performed, before this procedure, and indicated a system
leak.
• If a leak was indicated in the combustion system, perform
Ballast Tank Leak Troubleshooting before this procedure to
isolate the ballast tank.
• For diagnostics operational information, refer to the
Diagnostics section (page 8-1) of this manual.
• A Warning condition indicates a gas leak into the system. A
Leak condition indicates a gas leak out of the system
• Refer to the Illustration section to determine where the
described assemblies and connections in the system are
located.
• Permit the Furnace temperature to equilibrate before
performing this procedure.
1. Perform the Diagnostic Combustion System Leak Check.
Determine, by watching the arrow on the Touchscreen, if a
Leak or Warning condition exists.
2. If a Leak condition exists, proceed to step 6.
3. If a Warning condition exists, perform the Combustion
System Leak Check again. As soon as the system
pressurizes, turn off the oxygen gas supply.
4. By turning off the oxygen gas supply a leak into the
system was verified. With the oxygen gas turned off,
remove the oxygen manifold and valves and clean and
inspect them. Inspect the gas lines connecting the
assembly and replace any tubing that is cracked or in poor
condition. Disassemble the manifold and replace the O-
rings, clean the assembly components, clean the seals and
seats and replace worn components. If the leak is not
corrected, replace the assembly or contact the LECO®
Service Department.
5. If a Leak condition exists, perform the Combustion System
Leak Check again. As soon as the system pressurizes,
pinch off the gas line at the assemblies listed. When the
pressure stops falling, as indicated on the Touchscreen,
the leaking assembly is located.

• To pinch off a gas line, determine where the closest plastic
Note: section of tubing to the assembly is, and pinch the line with
locking forceps or a clamp.
PINCH OFF INPUT/OUTPUT PROBLEM
POINT OF ASSEMBLY AREA
V8A INPUT PINCH VALVE V8A
V9 INPUT PINCH VALVE V9
CO2 CELL INPUT CO2 CELL

CONNECTIONS
H CELL INPUT H CELL

CONNECTIONS
PARTICLE FILTERS OUTPUT BALLAST TANK

CONNECTIONS
PARTICLE FILTERS INPUT FURNACE TUBES,

O-RINGS,
LOADING HEAD
O2 ROTAMETER OUTPUT LOADING HEAD,

ROTAMETER
CONNECTIONS
O2 ROTAMETER INPUT ROTAMETER

CONNECTIONS
6. After the leaking assembly is located, inspect the gas lines

connecting the assemblies and replace any tubing that is
cracked or in poor condition. If the Leak condition remains,
disassemble the assembly and replace the O-rings, clean
the assembly components, clean the seals and seats and
replace worn components. If the leak is not corrected,
replace the assembly or contact the LECO® Service
Department.

Ballast Tank Leak Troubleshooting
• Combustion System Gas Troubleshooting should have been

leak.
• For diagnostics operational information, refer to the
Diagnostics section (page 8-1) of this manual.
Leak condition indicates a gas leak out of the system.
• Refer to the Illustration section to determine where the
described assemblies and connections in the system are
located.
1. Perform the Diagnostic Ballast Tank Leak Check.
Determine, by watching the arrow on the Touchscreen, if a
Leak or Warning condition exists.
3. If a Warning condition exists, perform the Ballast Tank
Leak Check again. As soon as the system pressurizes,
pinch off the input to the particle filters at the output of
the combustion Furnace.
• To pinch off a gas line, determine where the closest plastic
Note: section of tubing to the assembly is, and pinch the line with
locking forceps or a clamp.
4. By pinching off the gas supply line before the particle
filters, a leak into the system was verified. To locate the
cause of the Warning, perform Combustion System Leak
Troubleshooting.
5. If a Leak condition exists, perform the Ballast Tank Leak
Check again. As soon as the system pressurizes, pinch off
the gas line at the assemblies listed. When the pressure
stops falling, as indicated on the Touchscreen, the leaking
assembly is located.
PINCH INPUT/OUTPUT PROBLEM
OFF POINT OF ASSEMBLY AREA
V6 INPUT V6, BALLAST TANK

INPUT CONNECTIONS
BALLAST TANK INPUT BALLAST TANK INPUT

CONNECTION
BALLAST TANK OUTPUT BALLAST TANK

OUTPUT
CONNECTION
V7 OUTPUT V7

cracked or in poor condition. If the leak condition remains,
Department.

Helium System Leak Troubleshooting
• Carrier Gas Flow Troubleshooting should have been

leak.
leak condition indicates a gas leak out of the system.
• The Helium System uses 1/8 inch stainless steel and nylon
tubing throughout. Because the tubing cannot be
compressed, the flow of gas cannot be pinched off. In order
to perform leak troubleshooting, substitution of assemblies
may be necessary.
• To troubleshoot the system, the following items are
necessary: Liquid Leak Detector, 7/16 inch Wrench and 1/8
inch Flexible Tubing
• Refer to the Illustration Chapter (page 11-1) to determine
where the described assemblies and connections in the
system are located.
1. Perform the Diagnostic Helium System Leak Check. Refer
to the Diagnostic section of this manual. Determine, by
watching the arrow on the Touchscreen, if a Leak or
Warning exists.
3. If a Warning condition exists, perform the Helium System
Leak Check again. As soon as the system pressurizes, turn
off the helium gas supply.
4. By turning off the gas supply, a leak into the system was
verified. To correct the leak, remove solenoid valve SV15,
clean and retest it. If it continues to leak, contact the
LECO® Replacement Parts Department and replace it.
5. If a Leak condition exists, check the assemblies or items
removed or replaced since the last Helium Leak Test. Use
visual inspection and liquid detection at each connection or
assembly listed below.
STEP TEST TYPE ASSEMBLY
A VISUAL REAGENT TUBE O-

RING SEALS, CHECK
FOR GLASS WOOL IN
SEAL.
B LIQUID REAGENT TUBE

SEALS
C LIQUID CATALYST HEATER

BLOCK SEAL
D LIQUID TUBE FITTINGS
E LIQUID EACH PIPE THREAD

IN SYSTEM.

• After using the liquid leak detector, clean the liquid from the
Note: assembly and instrument. This will help reduce dust and dirt
build-up within the unit.
6. If the leak is not detected, small sections of the system
must be isolated. When the leaking section is isolated, the
system will pass the leak test.
7. Turn the gas off and start isolating the leak by
disconnecting the fittings from the Catalyst Heater and
installing 1/8 inch flexible test tubing in it’s place. Turn the
gas on and perform the leak test. If the test fails, continue
with the next step. If it passes, proceed to step 11.
8. Turn the gas off and isolate the following assemblies by
disconnecting the assemblies and installing the flexible
tubing in its place. Turn the gas on and perform the
Helium Leak Check.
STEP ASSEMBLY
A TC CELL
B ALIQUOT DOSER
C SV16
9. If the leak has not been located, turn the gas off.
Disconnect the output of the Pressure Regulator that
connects directly to the TC cell and disconnect the output
of the Helium Flow Rotameter. Connect the flexible tubing
to the disconnected gas supply lines.
10. Turn the gas on and perform the leak check. If the system
continues to leak, suspect a problem in the Helium
Pressure Regulator, Solenoid Valve SV14, Pressure
Transducer or Helium Flow Rotameter.
cracked or in poor condition. If the Leak condition remains,
Department.

FURNACE PURGE EXHAUST
IR CELL PURGE EXHAUST

BALLAST FLOW OUTPUT
OXYGEN MEDIUM FLOW

BALLAST FLOW INPUT
OXYGEN HIGH FLOW
HELIUM HIGH FLOW

BALLAST PRESSURE
OXYGEN LOW FLOW
HELIUM PRESSURE
TC CELL EXHAUST
BALLAST SAMPLE
CHN-2000
PISTON RETURN
SLIDING BLOCK
VALVE
SAMPLE DROP
BLOCK SEAL
STATES
ALIQUOT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
PURGE 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
PURGE 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
PURGE 5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 7 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 8 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
PURGE 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
BURN 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
BURN 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 3 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 4 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 5 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 6 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
ANALYZE 7 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
O2 TEST 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
O2 TEST 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
BALLAST TEST 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
He TEST 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
He TEST 2 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
BARR PRESSURE 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
• One (1) indicates the solenoid valve is open.

Notes:
• Zero (0) indicates the solenoid valve is closed.
VALVE STATE POSITIONS

TABLE 10-1

POP OFF
PRESSURE BALLAST VALVE
REGULATOR EXHAUST 15 PSI
TO
SV13 BALLAST
NO SLIDE
SV1
NC BLOCK
NO
SV2 ALIQUOT DOSER
NC
25 PSI NO SAMPLE DROP
SV3
NC
COMPRESSED
AIR NO PISTON SEAL
SV4
NC
NO FURNACE PURGE EXHAUST
SV5
NC
NO TO BALLAST
SV6
NC
NO
SV7 FROM BALLAST
NC
NO FROM PNEUMATICS
SV8 IR CELL PURGE EXHAUST
PNEUMATIC NC
PRESSURE
SWITCH NO DOSER EXHAUST
25 PSI SV9
NC
POP OFF
R(500) VALVE
SV10 675 CC/MIN 15 PSI
BUBBLE
R(1000) PARTICLE
SV11 1300 CC/MIN FILTER
V6 V7
R(5000) DISPOSABLE
O2 SV12 6000 CC/MIN PARTICLE V8A
COMBUSTION FILTER
GAS FURNACE
OXYGEN U-TUBE V5
FLOW ROTAMETER H O IR CELL
PISTON 2
EXHAUST
IR CELL
SV14 EXHAUST
PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER
INCOMING CO 2 IR CELL V8B
HELIUM
SCRUBBER R(100)
SV15 30 CC/MIN
V9
HELIUM HELIUM
PRESSURE FLOW SV16
DOSER
REGULATOR ROTAMETER EXHAUST
CATALYST HEATER
ALIQUOT DOSER
MEASURE
HELIUM FLOW
PRESSURE SCRUBBER
He SWITCH
25 PSI SV17
CARRIER TC TC CELL
GAS FLOW CONTROLLER CELL EXHAUST
GAS FLOW DIAGRAM

FIGURE 10-1

11 Illustrations
Figure 11-1............. Analyzer - Left Side View........................11-3

Figure 11-2............. Analyzer - Right Side View......................11-4
Figure 11-3............. H2 O IR Cell ..........................................11-5
Figure 11-4............. CO2 IR Cell...........................................11-6
Figure 11-5............. Solenoid Drive Panel Assembly ................11-7
Figure 11-6............. Ballast Tank and Pinch Valve Assemb ly .....11-8
Figure 11-7............. Aliquot Dosing Valve Assembly ................11-9
Figure 11-8............. TC Cell Assembly – Exploded View ...........11-10
Figure 11-9............. Analyzer Partial Right Side View
With Ballast Removed ............................11-11
Figure 11-14 ........... Touchscreen Display – Exploded View.......11-14
Figure 11-15 ........... Helium Bulkhead Assembly .....................11-15
Figure 11-16 ........... TC Cell Exhaust Manifold Assembly...........11-16
Figure 11-17 ........... Pneumatic Regulator Assembly ................11-17
Figure 11-18 ........... Pressure Transducer Assembly ................11-18
CHN-2000 11-1 Illustrations

Illustrations 11-2 CHN-2000
666-147 777-504
IR CELL CHOPPER MOTOR
POWER SUPPLY CONTROLLER
CARD CARD
611-283
666-015 RELAY
K1 777-759
INTERFACE CARD
K2 INTERFACE CARD
614-524
K3 DISPLAY ASSEMBLY
606-202
FAN 777-720
DISPLAY DRIVER
CARD
614-895
REAR PANEL
606-649
777-979 SOLENOID VALVE
DISPLAY CARD SV16
666-057-110
CPU CARD 608-399
SPEAKER
666-074-104
601-169
PC CONTROLLER
AIR
CARD
ROTAMETER
777-694
12 BIT A/D 608-850-107
CONVERTER HARD DRIVE
CARD
700-692-010
FLOPPY DRIVE
777-695
DIGITAL 789-131
I/O CARD GAUGE
777-695-110
DIGITAL 601-170
I/O CARD FLOWMETER
777-710-120
16 BIT A/D
CONVERTER
CARD 780-590
REGULATOR
777-710-130
16 BIT A/D
CONVERTER 616-527
CARD CIRCUIT BREAKER
IN 614-630 BOX
666-217 614-461 606-650
FURNACE TRANSFORMER SOLENOID VALVE
CONTROLLER
SV13
CARD
771-114
COMPRESSED AIR
REGULATOR
777-923
POWER DISTRIBUTION
CARD
666-053
POWER CONVERTER
CARD
ANALYZER - LEFT SIDE VIEW
FIGURE 11-1

606-649
616-190 SOLENOID VALVE
LOADING SV15
HEAD
773-585
PRESSURE
783-536 SWITCH
BLOWER FURNACE
616-188
BALLAST
ASSEMBLY
608-438
TC CELL
ASSEMBLY
775-601
REAGENT
FILTER TUBE 603-818
(2 REQUIRED) FAN AND
MOUNTING PLATE
614-638
CATALYST HEATER
ASSEMBLY 772-808-110
CO2IR CELL
WITH
601-437
CATALYST HEATER
TUBE 782-069
H0
2
IR CELL
THERMOCOUPLES
616-140
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY FAN
FURNACES 616-584 ASSEMBLY
CATALYST HEATER 772-735 616-858

FURNACE
ASSEMBLY
WITH
616-108
FURNACE
COMBUSTION
TUBE
ANALYZER - RIGHT SIDE VIEW

FIGURE 11-2

783-124 770-838 193-054
COVER SEAL THERMAL WASHER 781-945
RESISTOR (4 REQUIRED) LECOSORB
R
781-637 190-820
FOAM PAD SCREW 781-942 CYLINDER
190-820 IR SOURCE
SCREW (3 REQUIRED)
783-127 ASSEMBLY 190-174
EXTENSION (3 REQUIRED) SCREW
190-227
(2 REQUIRED) 772-557 772-520 (2 REQUIRED) 781-949
SCREW TUBE 0-RING 781-990
(4 REQUIRED) 782-697 GUARD
(2 REQUIRED) (2 REQUIRED) 0-RING 190-766
INNER (3 REQUIRED) FEEDTHRU
GASKET SCREW 781-943
193-006 SOURCE
LOCKWASHER 772-804 PLATE
GOLD PLATED 777-066
(4 REQUIRED) TUBE BODY
GLASS TUBE
783-040
PREAMP
COVER 781-849-010 12” 781-991-010
DETECTOR SOURCE
775-795 BLOCK
BLOCK
SPACER 772-806
(2 REQUIRED) PLATE 768-944 781-941
109-601 (2 REQUIRED) O-RING SOURCE
190-227 SCREW END BLOCK 190-295
SCREW (4 REQUIRED) SCREW
(4 REQUIRED) 772-561 (4 REQUIRED)
IR SOURCE AND
REFLECTURE ASSEMBLY 772-560
193-104 768-974 CHOPPER MOTOR
WASHER CHOPPER BLADE
782-064 782-056
IR DETECTOR TUBE CELL BODY 190-766 190-247
777-817 ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY 190-866 SCREW SCREW
PREAMP SET SCREW (2 REQUIRED)
CARD 783-038 783-037
HEX SPACER MOUNT
(4 REQUIRED)
H2O IR CELL
FIGURE 11-3

783-124 770-838 193-054
COVER SEAL THERMAL WASHER
RESISTOR (4 REQUIRED) 781-945
R
781-637
LECOSORB
FOAM PAD 781-942 CYLINDER
IR SOURCE
ASSEMBLY 190-174
SCREW
190-227 (2 REQUIRED)
SCREW 781-949
(4 REQUIRED) GUARD
782-697
INNER 190-766 FEEDTHRU
GASKET SCREW 781-943
SOURCE
193-006 PLATE
LOCKWASHER
(4 REQUIRED)
783-040
PREAMP
COVER
768-944 781-941
O-RING SOURCE
190-227 END BLOCK 190-295
SCREW 772-810 SCREW
(4 REQUIRED) BLOCK (4 REQUIRED)
772-561
IR SOURCE AND
REFLECTURE ASSEMBLY 772-560
193-104 CHOPPER MOTOR
WASHER
782-064
768-974
IR DETECTOR CHOPPER
ASSEMBLY 190-766 190-247
777-818 BLADE SCREW SCREW
PREAMP (2 REQUIRED)
CARD
783-038 783-037
HEX SPACER MOUNT 190-866
(4 REQUIRED) SET SCREW
CO2 IR CELL
FIGURE 11-4

608-394
STANDOFF
(2-REQ'D)
608-425
SOLENOID
HARNESS
782-369
SCREWLOCK
KIT
190-085 608-229
604-154 SOLENOID VALVE PLATE
FITTING SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
193-008
WASHER
(2-REQ'D)
601-431
"1" 775-351 MANIFOLD 606-363
RESTRICTOR BLOCK NEEDLE
FITTING "1" VALVE
"2" 774-464 190-252
"2"
RESTRICTOR SCREW
"3"
FITTING (2-REQ'D)
"3" 778-252 772-738
RESTRICTOR O-RING
FITTING (3-REQ'D)
769-342
163-015 FITTING
FITTING
608-232
MANIFOLD
602-197 BLOCK
FITTING
163-015 773-585
FITTING PRESSURE
606-652 SWITCH
SOLENOID
608-408
(3-REQ'D)
772-702 MANIFOLD
FITTING 193-006
WASHER
775-710 (2-REQ'D)
FITTING
193-008 190-234
WASHER SCREW
(2-REQ'D) (2-REQ'D)
608-407
190-287 SOLENOID
SCREW (9-REQ'D)
(2-REQ'D) (W/ HARDWARE)
602-581
773-585
STANDOFF
PRESSURE
(4-REQ'D)
SWITCH
777-742
CARD
773-661
602-581 FITTING
STANDOFF (11-REQ'D)
(4-REQ'D) 775-611
777-738 FITTING
CARD (7-REQ'D)
801-238
PLUG
SOLENOID DRIVE PANEL ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 11-5

194-123
Illustrations
NUT
(4-REQ'D)
778-290
ROD
(4-REQ'D)
776-723 193-056
FITTING WASHER
(4-REQ'D)
190-279
778-694 SCREW
SWITCH ASSEMBLY (2-REQ'D)
193-008
778-286 WASHER
BALLAST TOP (2-REQ'D)
193-055 601-992
778-120 WASHER PINCH VALVE
GASKET (2-REQ'D) ASSEMBLY
608-314
BALLAST BRACKET
606-185
608-310 VALVE BODY
SPACER BRACKET
601-692
SPACER
190-233
SCREW
778-121
CYLINDER
601-684
O-RING
606-187
SPRING
778-116 606-186
O-RING PISTON
190-004
SCREW 589-551
(2-REQ'D) 778-288 O-RING
RETAINER PLATE
778-107 601-686
END CAP
MAGNET
778-424 773-661
SPACER FITTING
778-287 606-194
PISTON BRACKET
778-116
O-RING 190-822
11-8
SCREW
778-120
(4-REQ'D)
GASKET
FIGURE 11-6
190-095
SCREW
(4-REQ'D)
778-284 193-010
BALLAST BASE WASHER
(4-REQ'D)
608-411 190-898
FITTING SCREW
BALLAST TANK AND PINCH VALVE ASSEMBLIES
(2-REQ'D) (2-REQ'D)
778-694 193-006
SWITCH ASSEMBLY 606-565 193-055
WASHER HANDLE WASHER
(4-REQ'D)
(12-REQ'D)
190-227
604-150 SCREW 193-008
PLUNGER WASHER
(4-REQ'D)
(2-REQ'D) (12-REQ'D)
194-057 190-277
NUT 608-417 SCREW
(2-REQ'D) BLOCK CLIP (12-REQ'D)
(2-REQ'D)
608-238 783-180
BLOCK LOCK 608-404 FILTER TUBE
SPRING CLIP BLOCK 773-136
(2-REQ'D) FITTING
190-296
190-261 SCREW
SCREW (2-REQ'D)
608-214
(2-REQ'D)
BALLAST 805-796
BRACKET STEM
(2-REQ'D)
608-414
UPPER DISCONNECT
BLOCK
771-407
783-186
O-RING
PINCH VALVE
PANEL 193-056 608-416
WASHER 605-797 RETAINER
(4-REQ'D) WASHER 190-006
(2-REQ'D) SCREW
193-010 601-992 608-415 (2-REQ'D)
WASHER PINCH VALVE COVER
(4-REQ'D) (6-REQ'D) 190-004
(2-REQ'D)
SCREW
190-329 772-620 (2-REQ'D)
SCREW O-RING 193-006
(4-REQ'D) (2-REQ'D) WASHER
608-413 (6-REQ'D)
L OWER DISCONNECT
BLOCK 190-065
SCREW
608-467 (4-REQ'D)
FITTING
CHN-2000
CHN-2000
601-937
VALVE STEM
190-294
SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
772-269
O-RING
193-127
(10-REQ'D)
WASHER
(2-REQ'D)
601-939
601-936
O-RING
8 PORT
(8-REQ'D)
BLOCK
601-943
FITTING
(8-REQ'D)
601-942
TUBING
169-711
LABEL
601-935
MOUNT
601-938
VALVE STEM 601-934
CLAMP COUPLING
602-672
SPRING
773-661
FITTING
11-9
FIGURE 11-7 601-933
773-663 CYLINDER
FITTING
ALIQUOT DOSING VALVE ASSEMBLY
778-523
FITTING
601-932
BRACKET
193-127
WASHER
(2-REQ'D)
190-036
SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
Illustrations
608-252
COVER
INSULATION
Illustrations
608-418
COVE R
608-389
INSULATION
608-390
INSULATION
194-055
NUT
(8-REQ'D)
777-820
CARD
608-371
INSULATION
608-387
INSULATION
900-537
EXTENTION STUD 193-104
(8-REQ'D) WASHER
(8-REQ'D)
766-750 190-278
LUG SCREW
(8-REQ'D) (5-REQ'D)
193-030
WASHER
193-055 (5-REQ'D)
193-054
WASHER WASHER
(8-REQ'D) (5-REQ'D)
608-286
193-029 BLOCK 190-329
WASHER 608-243 SCREW
(8-REQ'D) BRACKET
193-056
11-10
190-232 775-722
WASHER
FIGURE 11-8
SCREW FLOW
(8-REQ'D) CONTROL
190-280
604-370 SCREW
FILAMENT
(4-REQ'D)
603-493 608-461
O-RING TUBE
(4-REQ'D) 608-462
TUBE
TC CELL ASSEMBLY – EXPLODED VIEW
608-212
BODY 608-460
601-939 TUBE
O-RING
(4-REQ'D) 608-370
601-941 INSULATION
FITTING
(4-REQ'D) 608-250
608-373 INSULATION
CELL INSULATION
608-372
INSULATION
608-311
608-251 FRONT COVER
INSULATION
608-313 608-240
GUIDE SLIDI NG
(2-REQ'D) BLOCK
608-312 608-239 775-321
COVER RAIL UNION FITTING
608-249 (2-REQ'D)
COVER (W/ HARDWARE)
INSULATION 608-213
ENCLOSURE
190-227
SCREW
(17-REQ'D)
608-248
INSULATION
608-241
608-242 MOUNT
MOUNT
608-227
INSULATION
CHN-2000
781-920 777-665
TRANSDUCER PRESSURE
TRANSDUCER
CARD
606-650 777-779
3 WAY OVEN HEATER
SOLENOID VALVE INTERFACE
SV14 CARD
777-594
OVEN HEATER
CONTROL
CARD
603-818
FAN
778-233 608-507
SAMPLING OVEN HEATER
LOOP
10 CC
772-808-110
CO2IR CELL
601-931
ALIQUOT
DOSER
778-258-110
H2O IR CELL
ANALYZER PARTIAL RIGHT SIDE VIEW – BALLAST REMOVED

FIGURE 11-9

VALVE O-RING ARMATURE SPRING ARMATURE SPACER HOUSING NUT
BODY HOUSING &
COIL
#606-649 SOLENOID VALVE

FIGURE 11-10
STEM SPACER HOUSING

&
COIL
NUT
#606-650 SOLENOID VALVE

FIGURE 11-11

BODY SET SCREW
SEAT VALVE STEM
SPRING BONNET NUT
DIAPHRAM
FRONT PANEL
COVER NUT (3-REQ'D)
KNOB
SCREW
(4-REQ'D)
PLUG
#771-114 PRESSURE REGULATOR

FIGURE 11-12
BODY
SEAT VALVE STEM
SPRING BONNET NUT
DIAPHRAM
FRONT PANEL
COVER NUT (3-REQ'D)
SCREW
(4-REQ'D)
PLUG
#780-590 PRESSURE REGULATOR

FIGURE 11-13

TOUCHSCREEN DISPLAY – EXPLODED VIEW
FIGURE 11-14

763-684
BULKHEAD
ASSEMBLY
163-015
FITTING
767-866
FITTING
774-462
FITTING
606-649
SOLENOID
775-333
FITTING
773-585
PRESSURE
SWITCH
HELIUM BULKHEAD ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 11-15

606-652
SOLENOID
801-238
PLUG
776-688
FITTING
776-723 (2-REQ'D)
FITTING
608-246
MANIFOLD
BLOCK
TC CELL EXHAUST MANIFOLD ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 11-16

537-165
FITTING
(2-REQ'D)
772-174 771-114
RELIEF VALVE REGULATOR
774-462
767-866 FITTING
TEE FITTING 606-650
SOLENOID
772-717
BRACKET
193-008
WASHER
776-723 (2-REQ'D)
FITTING 190-277
SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
PNEUMATIC REGULATOR ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 11-17

775-332
FITTING
606-650
SOLENOID
778-523
190-277 FITTING
SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
193-008
WASHER
(2-REQ'D)
589-186
FITTING
601-412
TRANSDUCER
193-008
WASHER
608-259 (2-REQ'D)
BRACKET 601-439
STANDOFF 777-665
(2-REQ'D) CARD
193-008
WASHER
(2-REQ'D) 190-277
SCREW
(2-REQ'D)
PRESSURE TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 11-18

Index
A
About the Example..................................................................4-6
Absolute Carbon Units ........................................................... 5-17
Absolute Hydrogen Units........................................................ 5-17
Absolute Nitrogen Units ......................................................... 5-18
Accessories List .................................................................... 1-13
Accuracy, Carbon.................................................................. 1-19
Accuracy, Hydrogen .............................................................. 1-19
Accuracy, Nitrogen................................................................ 1-19
Actual Temperature.................................................................8-8
Add Counter ........................................................................ 4-31
Additional Operating Supplies ................................................. 1-17
Advanced CMOS Setup ............................................. 10-8 to 10-13
Alarms, I/O.......................................................................... 5-67
Aliquot Dosing Valve..............................................6-12, 6-13, 11-9
ALT .................................................................................... 4-12
ALT – S.................................................................................8-5
ALT – R.................................................................................8-5
Ambient Monitor................................................................... 4-17
AMBIOS Setup Program............................................ 10-8 to 10-12
Analysis ................................................................................5-9
Analysis, Automatic Loading ................................................... 5-12
Analysis Gas ..........................................................................4-9
Analysis Gas Flow, Service ................................................... 10-14
Analysis, Manual Loading ....................................................... 5-10
Analysis Plot ........................................................................ 5-53
Analysis Time, Carbon ........................................................... 1-19
Analysis Time, Hydrogen ........................................................ 1-19
Analysis Time, Nitrogen ......................................................... 1-19
Analysis 1 Valve State......................................................... 10-16
Analyzer Cabinet .................................................................. 3-11
Analyze Menu................................................................ 4-11, 5-3
Analyze Nitrogen .................................................................. 5-18
Analyzer............................................................ 11-3, 11-4, 11-11
Analyzer Dimensions, Depth ................................................... 1-21
Analyzer Dimensions, Height .................................................. 1-21
Analyzer Dimensions, Width ................................................... 1-21
Analyzer, Electronics Chassis ....................................................3-4
Answer Format .......................................................................3-7
Arrow, Left .......................................................................... 4-12
Arrow, Right ........................................................................ 4-12
Arrow, Up............................................................................ 4-12
Arrow, Down........................................................................ 4-12
ASCII Character Definition Table ...............................................3-5
Assembly, Aliquot Dosing Valve............................................... 11-9
Assembly, Ballast Tank .......................................................... 11-8
Assembly, Helium Bulkhead.................................................. 11-15
Assembly, Pinch Valve ......................................................... 11-18
Assembly, Pneumatic Regulator............................................. 11-17
Assembly, Solenoid Drive Panel............................................... 11-7
Assembly, TC Cell Exhaust Manifold ....................................... 11-16
Assembly, TC Cell ....................................................... 9-12, 11-10
Assembly, Transducer.......................................................... 11-18
Auto Detect Hard Disk ......................................................... 10-11
Automatic Loading, Analysis ................................................... 5-12
B
Background, Calibration ...........................................................7-9
Backspace........................................................................... 4-12
Balance............................................................................... 3-12
Balance Assembly ................................................................. 3-15
Balance Configuration............................................................ 4-24
Balance Configuration Definitions............................................. 4-25
Balance Control Panel............................................................ 3-15
Balance Interfacing ............................................................... 3-12
Balance, Resetting the........................................................... 3-13
Balance Mode....................................................................... 4-25
Ballast Leak Checks.................................................................8-3
Ballast Tank Assembly – Exploded View .................................... 11-8
Ballast Tank Leak Troubleshooting ......................................... 10-25
Barometric Pressure, Set ....................................................... 4-27
Baud Rate, Balance............................................................... 4-25
Baud Rate, Data Transmit ...................................................... 4-30
BIOS Setup Utilities............................................................... 10-8
Blanks, Calibrate .................................................................. 5-40
Blank Lines with Printouts, System Printer................................. 4-23
Boot-up Procedure and Results ............................................... 10-3
Bubble Particle Filter.............................................................. 6-26
Bubble Particle Filter Removal................................................. 6-17
Bubble Particle Filter Repacking............................................... 6-17
Burn 1 Valve State.............................................................. 10-15
Burn 2 Valve State.............................................................. 10-16
Button Selection Icons.............................................................4-8
C
Cabinet ................................................................................4-3,
Cabinet Dimensions, Depth..................................................... 1-21
Cabinet Dimensions, Height .................................................... 1-21
Cabinet Dimensions, Width..................................................... 1-21
Calibrate Menu .............................................................4-11, 5-21
Calibrated Low Temperature ................................................... 8-15
Calibrated High Temperature .................................................. 8-15
Calibration............................................................ 1-19, 5-26, 7-9
Calibration, Edit.................................................................... 5-35
Calibration, Furnace................................................................8-9
Calibration, Furnace Temperature (FCT) ................................... 8-15
Calibration Procedure, Typical................................................. 5-30
Calibration Results, View Screen Definitions............................... 5-33
Calibration Screen, Explanation of the ...................................... 5-27
Calibration Curve, Cubic ......................................................... 7-14
Calibration Curve, Linear........................................................ 7-11
Calibration Curve, Quadratic ................................................... 7-13
Capacity, Storage ................................................................. 1-21
Carbon Accuracy .................................................................. 1-19
Carbon Analysis Time ............................................................ 1-19
Carbon Detection Method ....................................................... 1-19
Carbon Factor ...................................................................... 5-17
Carbon Offset ...................................................................... 5-66
Carbon R-Chart .................................................................... 5-50
Carbon Range ...................................................................... 1-19
Carbon Sampler Threshold ..................................................... 5-17
Carbon Units........................................................................ 5-17
Card, IR Cell Heater Control............................................. 9-9, 9-10
Card, IR Cell Preamplifier.........................................................9-8
Card, TC Cell Preamplifier....................................................... 9-12
Carousel Adjustment ............................................................. 6-21
Carousel Installation.............................................................. 2-18
Carousel Position Adjustment.................................................. 6-25
Carousel, Sample, Bottom View............................................... 6-24
Carrier Gas Flow Troubleshooting........................................... 10-22
Carrier Gas Required ...................................................... 1-20, 2-6
Catalyst Heater ......................................................................4-3
Catalyst Heater Temperature .................................................. 4-17
Catalyst Heater Tube Removal ........................................... 6-8, 6-9
Catalyst Heater Tube Repacking ..............................6-10, 6-11, 6-26
Caution, Operator ...................................................................1-3
Caution Symbols.....................................................................1-4
Change in Pressure, Leak Check................................................8-4
Change in Pressure at 60 Seconds, Leak Check............................8-4
Character Pitch, System Printer............................................... 4-23
Chemical Reagents ............................................................... 1-19
CHN-2000 .................................................................... 1-12, 2-5
CHN-2000I Package .............................................................. 1-15
CHN-2000P Package.............................................................. 1-13
Clock, Set ........................................................................... 4-26
CMOS Setup - Advanced ........................................... 10-8 to 10-13
CMOS Setup - Standard ......................................................... 10-8
CO2 IR Cell .......................................................................... 11-6
Cold Junction Temperature (FCJ) ............................................. 8-13
Combustion Furnace................................................................6-5
Combustion Furnace Temperature ........................................... 4-17
Combustion Furnace Tube Packing ...................................... 6-6, 6-7
Combustion Gas Flow Troubleshooting.................................... 10-20
Combustion Gas Required ............................................... 1-20, 2-6
Combustion Leak Check...........................................................8-3
Combustion Pressure Gauge .....................................................4-3
Combustion System Leak Troubleshooting............................... 10-23
Command String to enter Defaults, Furnace Calibration............... 8-15
Commands, Furnace ............................................................. 8-12
Compress Air Regulators Required .................................... 1-20, 2-6
Computer Area Isolation ........................................................ 10-5
Computer Program Operation.................................................. 10-7
Computer Testing ................................................................. 10-4
Computer Troubleshooting...................................................... 10-3
Configuration, Balance........................................................... 4-24
Configuration, Printer ............................................................ 2-14
Confirm Modifications, System Configuration ............................. 4-22
Conformity, Declaration of........................................................1-6
Contents, Table of ..................................................................1-7
Control Signal, Furnace Temperature..........................................8-8
Controls and Indicators..................................................... 4-3, 4-4
Counter, Add........................................................................ 4-31
Counter, Delete.................................................................... 4-31
Counters, Modify .................................................................. 4-31
Counter, Reset .............................................................. 4-9, 4-31
CPU Card...............................................................................9-4
CPU Setup Procedure, 386.................................................... 10-13
CPU Setup Procedure, 486...................................................... 10-8
Creating the Record File ......................................................... 5-59
Crucible Installation .............................................................. 2-10
CTRL-C ............................................................................... 4-12
CTRL-Home ......................................................................... 4-12
CRTL-End ............................................................................ 4-12
Cubic Calibration Curve.......................................................... 7-14
Cubic Curve, Tips for Calibrating with a .................................... 7-14
Current Pressure, Leak Check ...................................................8-4
Curve, Calibration ................................................................. 7-10
Curves and Intercepts, Calibration ........................................... 7-10
D
Database Search Option......................................................... 5-51
Data Bits, Balance Interface ................................................... 4-25
Data Bits, Data Transmit ........................................................ 4-30
Data Output Parameter, Setting the......................................... 3-14
Data Storage Devices ............................................................ 1-20
Data Transmit ...................................................................... 4-29
Data Transmit Definitions ....................................................... 4-30
Data Transmit Kit ...................................................................3-3
Declaration of Conformity.........................................................1-6
Default Values, Furnace Temperatures...................................... 8-15
Defaults, Definitions, Ranges, System Configuration ................... 4-21
Define Standards .................................................................. 5-22
Definitions, Balance Configuration............................................ 4-25
Definitions, Data Transmit ...................................................... 4-30
Definitions, Furnace ................................................................8-8
Definitions, Leak Check............................................................8-4
Definitions, Ranges, and Defaults, System Configuration.............. 4-21
Definitions, System Analysis Parameter .................................... 5-17
Definitions, View Calibration Results Screen .............................. 5-34
Delete Counter..................................................................... 4-31
Delete ................................................................................ 4-12
Delete Weight ........................................................................5-9
Detection Methods, Carbon..................................................... 1-19
Detection Methods, Hydrogen ................................................. 1-19
Detection Methods, Nitrogen................................................... 1-19
Devices, Data Storage ........................................................... 1-20
Diagnostics............................................................................8-1
Diagnostics, Furnace...............................................................8-7
Diagnostics, I/O .....................................................................8-5
Diagnostics, Printer............................................................... 8-18
Dimensions, Analyzer............................................................ 1-21
Dimensions, Cabinet ............................................................. 1-21
Dimensions, Printer............................................................... 1-21
Disk Drive .............................................................................4-3
Disposable Particle Filter ........................................................ 6-26
Disposable Particle Filter Replacement ...................................... 6-18
Down Arrow......................................................................... 4-12
Drift Correction .................................................................... 5-24
Driver Lever Adjustment ........................................................ 6-23
E
Edit Calibration..................................................................... 5-35
Edit Results ......................................................................... 5-36
EDTA.................................................................................. 5-30
Electrical Power Requirements ......................................... 1-20, 2-6
Electronic Adjustments ............................................................9-1
Electronics Chassis, Analyzer ....................................................3-4
Enable Key Beeper................................................................ 4-22
Enable Standard Check.......................................................... 4-22
Enable XON/XOFF ................................................................. 4-30
END, Keyboard..................................................................... 4-12
Entry, Sample Weight..............................................................5-8
Errors ................................................................................. 5-62
Errors, I/O........................................................................... 5-68
Errors, Warnings, and Notices.......................................... 4-6, 5-61
ESC Key.............................................................................. 4-12
Exit to DOS............................................................................4-7
Explanation of the Calibration Screen ....................................... 5-27
External Keyboard ..................................................................2-9
External Keyboard, Using the.................................................. 4-13
F
5 Volt Supply .........................................................................9-4
15 Volt Supply........................................................................9-6
486 CPU Setup Procedure....................................................... 10-8
Facility Requirements ..............................................................2-6
Fan Filter............................................................................. 6-26
FCJ, (Furnace Cold Junction Temperature)................................. 8-13
FCR, (Furnace Current).......................................................... 8-14
FCS, (Furnace Control Signal) ................................................. 8-12
FCT, (Furnace Calibration Temperature).................................... 8-15
Final Result Print Format ........................................................ 4-23
Flat Panel Display, Type......................................................... 1-20
Flat Panel Display, Size .......................................................... 1-20
Flat Panel Display, Resolution.................................................. 1-20
Flat Panel Display, Viewing Angle............................................. 1-20
Flat Panel Isolation Procedure ................................................. 10-6
Flow Analysis ..................................................................... 10-14
Flow System Troubleshooting................................................ 10-20
FML, (Furnace Control Program Version)................................... 8-12
FOT, (Furnace Overtemperature Limit) ..................................... 8-12
FPD, (Furnace Proportional Integration Derivative Command)....... 8-14
Freeze Plot .......................................................................... 4-18
FRF, (Furnace Ramp Temperature) .......................................... 8-13
Front Panel............................................................................4-9
Front Panel Icon .....................................................................4-9
Front Panel Overview...............................................................4-9
FST (Furnace Status) ............................................................ 8-16
FTC, (Furnace Temperature Calibration).................................... 8-12
FTM, (Furnace Temperature Monitor)........................................ 8-13
FTT, (Furnace Target Temperature).......................................... 8-13
Furnace Calibration .................................................................8-9
Furnace Combustion Tube Removal............................................6-3
Furnace Combustion Tube Replacement ......................................6-3
Furnace Commands............................................................... 8-12
Furnace Control Signal (FCS) .................................................. 8-12
Furnace Controller Card Adjustment ......................................... 9-13
Furnace Current (FCR) ........................................................... 8-14
Furnace Diagnostics................................................................8-7
Furnace Diagnostics Definitions .................................................8-8
Furnace Operating Temperature .............................................. 5-17
Furnace Overtemperature Limit (FOT) ...................................... 8-12
Furnace Status (FST) ............................................................ 8-16
Furnace Target Temperature (FTT) .......................................... 8-13
Furnace Temperature Calibration (FTC) .................................... 8-12
Furnace Temperature Monitor (FTM) ........................................ 8-13
Furnace Type....................................................................... 1-19
Furnace, Combustion...............................................................6-5
FUT, (Uncalibrated Furnace Temperature) ................................. 8-14
G
Gas Flow Diagram.........................................................7-6, 10-30
Gas Off .................................................................................4-9
Gas On .................................................................................4-9
Gas Required, Carrier..................................................... 1-20, 2-6
Gas Required, Combustion .............................................. 1-20, 2-6
Gas Required, Pneumatic ................................................ 1-20, 2-6
Gas Standby ..........................................................................4-9
Gas Time-Out ...................................................................... 4-21
General Theory.......................................................................7-3
H
H2 0 IR Cell........................................................................... 11-5
Hard Disk Utility ................................................................. 10-12
He Flow Temperature ............................................................ 4-17
Headline................................................................................4-9
Heat-Up Time Temperature .................................................... 1-20
Helium Bulkhead Assembly ................................................... 11-15
Helium Flow Rotameter............................................................4-3
Helium Offset....................................................................... 5-66
Helium Leak Checks ................................................................8-3
Helium Pressure, Set ............................................................. 4-28
Helium Regulators Required............................................. 1-20, 2-6
Helium System Leak Troubleshooting ..................................... 10-27
Help (F1)............................................................................. 4-12
Hex Dump .............................................................................3-7
Home ................................................................................. 4-12
Hydrogen Accuracy............................................................... 1-19
Hydrogen Analysis Time ......................................................... 1-19
Hydrogen Detection Method.................................................... 1-19
Hydrogen Factor................................................................... 5-17
Hydrogen Range ................................................................... 1-19
Hydrogen Sampler Threshold.................................................. 5-18
Hydrogen Units .................................................................... 5-17
I
I/O Alarms........................................................................... 5-67
I/O Diagnostics ......................................................................8-5
I/O Errors ............................................................................ 5-68
Icons....................................................................................4-7
Illustrations List.................................................................... 1-10
Incoming Helium Scrubber .......................................................4-3
Indicators, Controls and .................................................... 4-3, 4-4
Infrared Radiation Detection .....................................................7-7
Initial Power-Up......................................................................4-5
Initial Log-In..........................................................................4-5
Initial Pressure .......................................................................8-4
Initializing the CPU................................................................ 10-8
Insert Mode ......................................................................... 4-12
Installation ............................................................................2-1
Installation, Carousel............................................................. 2-18
Installation, Crucible ............................................................. 2-10
Installation, Lance ................................................................ 2-10
Installation, Options ................................................................3-1
Installation, Paper.........................................................2-12, 2-13
Installation, Ribbon Cartridge..........................................2-11, 2-13
Installation, Printer ............................................................... 2-11
Installation, Side Panel ..................................................2-16, 2-17
Installation, System................................................................2-3
Intercept............................................................................. 7-15
Intercepts, Curves and .......................................................... 7-10
Instruction Status Byte (ISB), Furnace ..................................... 8-17
Interface Cable Pin Assignments................................................3-4
Interference to Other Devices ...................................................1-5
IR Cell Adjustment ..................................................................9-7
IR Cell Oven Heater Control Card...................................... 9-9, 9-10
IR Cell Preamplifier Card ..........................................................9-8
IR Cell Voltage ..................................................................... 4-17
IR Oven Temperature ............................................................ 4-17
IR Cell, H2 0 ......................................................................... 11-5
IR Cell, CO2 ......................................................................... 11-6
ISB (Instruction Status Byte), Furnace ..................................... 8-17
K
Keyboard ..............................................................................4-3
Keyboard, External..................................................................2-9
Keyboard, Touchscreen.......................................................... 4-14
Keyboard, Using the External.................................................. 4-12
Keypad, Touchscreen ............................................................ 4-15
L
Label for ID Code #2............................................................. 4-21
Label for ID Code #3............................................................. 4-21
Lance and Crucible Installation................................................ 2-10
Last Command .......................................................................8-8
Leak Check Definitions.............................................................8-4
Leak Check Diagnostics Gas Flow, Service............................... 10-18
Leak Checks, Ballast......................................................... 8-3, 8-4
Leak Checks, Combustion.................................................. 8-3, 8-4
Leak Checks, Helium ...............................................................8-3
Left Arrow ........................................................................... 4-12
Linear Calibration Curve......................................................... 7-11
Linear Curve, Tips for Calibrating with a.................................... 7-11
Loading Head ................................................ 4-3, 6-14, 6-16, 11-4
Log In...................................................................................4-5
Log In, Sample .......................................................................5-6
Logoff................................................................................. 4-11
M
Main Screen Overview ........................................................... 4-11
Maintenance ..........................................................................6-1
Maintenance Intervals ........................................................... 6-26
Maintenance Menu ................................................................ 4-11
Maintenance Schedule, Periodic ............................................... 6-28
Major Equipment and Accessories List ...................................... 1-13
Manual Loading, Analysis ....................................................... 5-10
Maximum Results in Database................................................. 4-21
Measure Flow Scrubber............................................................4-3
Menu, Analyze............................................................... 4-11, 5-3
Menu, Calibrate............................................................4-11, 5-21
Menu, Maintenance............................................................... 4-11
Menu, Method ...................................................................... 4-11
Menu, Report ....................................................................... 4-11
Menu, Reports...................................................................... 5-42
Menu, Wake-Up.................................................................... 5-57
Method Menu ...............................................................4-11, 5-14
Mode, Insert ........................................................................ 4-12
Mode, Overstrike .................................................................. 4-12
MG (milligrams) Weight Display............................................... 4-25
Minimum Hardware Required .................................................. 10-3
Minimum Software Required ................................................... 10-3
Modify Counters ............................................................ 4-9, 4-31
Moisture Compensation..................................................4-20, 4-22
N
N2 Atmospheric Blank ............................................................ 5-18
Nitrogen................................................................................5-4
Nitrogen Accuracy ................................................................ 1-19
Nitrogen Analysis Time ..................................................1-19, 5-18
Nitrogen Detection Method .............................................. 1-19, 7-5
Nitrogen Factor .................................................................... 5-18
Nitrogen Offset .................................................................... 5-66
Nitrogen Range .................................................................... 1-19
Nitrogen Results.....................................................................5-4
Nitrogen Sampler Threshold............................................5-15, 5-18
Nitrogen Units..............................................................5-15, 5-18
Nominal Sample Weight ......................................................... 1-19
Notice...................................................................................1-2
Notices ............................................................................... 5-70
Notices, Errors, Warnings, and ......................................... 4-6, 5-61
O
O-Rings............................................................................... 6-26
Offset, Carbon...................................................................... 5-66
Offset, Helium...................................................................... 5-66
Offset, Nitrogen.................................................................... 5-66
Operating Supplies, Additional................................................. 1-17
Operating Temperature .......................................................... 1-20
Operation..............................................................................5-1
Option Installation ..................................................................3-1
Options ............................................................................... 1-18
Other, Periodic Maintenance Schedule ...................................... 6-28
Other Voltage Supplies ............................................................9-5
Overtemperature ....................................................................8-8
Overstrike Mode, .................................................................. 4-12
Oxygen Flow Rotameter.................................................... 4-3, 4-4
Oxygen Profile...................................................................... 5-18
Oxygen Regulators Required............................................ 1-20, 2-6
P
% Error............................................................................... 5-34
Page-Down.......................................................................... 4-12
Page-Up.............................................................................. 4-12
Paper Installation..........................................................2-12, 2-13
Parity .........................................................................4-25, 4-30
Patent Numbers......................................................................1-1
Peak, Definition.................................................................... 5-34
Periodic Maintenance Schedule ................................................ 6-28
Pinch Valve Assembly ............................................................ 11-8
Pneumatic Gas Required ................................................. 1-20, 2-6
Pneumatic Pressure, Set ........................................................ 4-33
Pneumatic Regulator Assembly.............................................. 11-17
Pop-Up Windows.....................................................................4-7
Post-Analysis Transmit........................................................... 4-30
Power ON/OFF Switch..............................................................4-3
Power Requirements, Electrical ........................................ 1-20, 2-6
Power Supply Assembly ...........................................................9-3
Power Supply Unit ..................................................................9-3
Power-Up ..............................................................................4-5
Preamplifier Card, IR Cell .........................................................9-8
Preamplifier Card, TC Cell....................................................... 9-12
Pressure Regulator.............................................................. 11-13
Pressure Transducer Assembly .............................................. 11-18
Print Quality, Selection .......................................................... 4-23
Printer ................................................................. 2-11, 4-3, 4-10
Printer Diagnostics................................................................ 8-18
Printer Dimensions, Depth...................................................... 1-21
Printer Dimensions, Height ..................................................... 1-21
Printer Dimensions, Width...................................................... 1-21
Printer Settings .................................................................... 2-15
Printer Settings, Font ............................................................ 2-15
Printer Settings, General Control ............................................. 2-15
Printer Settings, Serial I/O Option............................................ 2-15
Printer Settings, Symbol Sets ................................................. 2-15
Printer Settings, Vertical Control.............................................. 2-15
Printer Test #1..................................................................... 8-18
Printer Test #2..................................................................... 8-18
Printer, Configuration ............................................................ 2-14
Printer, Installation ............................................................... 2-11
Program Version (FML), Furnace.............................................. 8-12
Proportional Integration Derivative (FPD), Furnace ..................... 8-14
Purge Cycles ........................................................................ 4-21
Purge 8 Time ....................................................................... 4-21
Purge 1 Valve State ............................................................ 10-14
Q
Quadratic Curve, Tips for Calibrating with a............................... 7-13
Quadratic Calibration Curve, ................................................... 7-13
R
R-Chart, Carbon ................................................................... 5-50
Ramp Temperature, Furnace (FRF) .......................................... 8-13
Range, Carbon ..................................................................... 1-19
Range, Hydrogen .................................................................. 1-19
Range, Nitrogen ................................................................... 1-19
Range, Temperature.............................................................. 1-20
Ranges and Defaults, Definitions, System Configuration............... 4-21
Reagent Operating Temperature .............................................. 5-17
Reagent Temperature ............................................................ 4-17
Reagent Tube Removal ................................................... 2-7, 6-19
Reagent Tube Packing .................................................... 2-8, 6-20
Reagent Tubes .............................................................. 2-7, 6-27
Recalculate Results ............................................................... 5-38
Record Format, Data Transmit ..................................................3-8
Regulators Required, Compressed Air................................ 1-20, 2-6
Regulators Required, Helium............................................ 1-20, 2-6
Regulators Required, Oxygen ........................................... 1-20, 2-6
Report Carbon...................................................................... 5-17
Report Hydrogen .................................................................. 5-17
Report Menu ........................................................................ 4-11
Reports Menu....................................................................... 5-42
Result, Definition .................................................................. 5-34
Results ............................................................................... 5-42
Requirements, Electrical Power ........................................ 1-20, 2-6
Requirements, Facility .............................................................2-6
Reset Counters .............................................................. 4-9, 4-31
Resetting the Balance............................................................ 3-13
Resolution (Flat Panel Display) ................................................ 1-20
Results, Edit ........................................................................ 5-36
Results, Recalculate .............................................................. 5-38
Ribbon Cartridge Installation...........................................2-11, 2-13
Right Arrow ......................................................................... 4-12
S
Sample Carousel Bottom View................................................. 6-24
Sample Drop Block........................................................6-14, 6-16
Sample Log-In .......................................................................5-6
Sample Preparation.................................................................5-5
Sample Weight Entry ...............................................................5-8
Sample Weight, Nominal........................................................ 1-19
Sample Weights ................................................................... 5-55
Sampler, Selection..................................................................4-9
Screen Definitions, View Calibration Results .............................. 5-33
Screen Time-Out ........................................................... 4-6, 4-21
Security Protection................................................................ 5-19
Service ............................................................................... 10-1
Service, Analysis Gas Flow ................................................... 10-14
Service, Leak Check............................................................ 10-18
Set Barometric Pressure......................................................... 4-27
Set Clock ............................................................................ 4-26
Set Helium Pressure .............................................................. 4-28
Set Pneumatic Pressure ......................................................... 4-33
Set Point Accuracy Temperature .............................................. 1-20
Set Temperature ....................................................................8-8
Setting the Data Output Parameter.......................................... 3-14
Settings, Printer ................................................................... 2-15
Setup ...................................................................................4-1
Setup Procedure, 386 CPU.................................................... 10-13
Setup Procedure, 486 CPU...................................................... 10-8
Side Panel Installation ...................................................2-16, 2-17
Significant Figures ................................................................ 4-22
Size (Flat Panel Display)......................................................... 1-20
Slashed Zero........................................................................ 4-22
Sliding Block................................................................6-14, 6-16
Sliding Block Positions ........................................................... 6-23
Software Level Updates ......................................................... 1-22
Software Update Procedure .................................................... 1-22
Solenoid Drive Panel Assembly ................................................ 11-7
Solenoid Valve ................................................................... 11-12
Specifications....................................................................... 1-19
Standard CMOS Setup ........................................................... 10-8
Statistics.....................................................................5-47, 5-50
Statistics Printout ................................................................. 5-50
Status, Furnace Diagnostics......................................................8-8
Stop Bits.....................................................................4-25, 4-30
Storage Capacity.................................................................. 1-21
Super-User............................................................................4-5
Switch, Power ON/OFF...................................................... 4-3, 4-4
System Analysis Parameter Definitions ..................................... 5-17
Symbols, Warning and Caution..................................................1-4
System Check...................................................................... 4-16
System Configuration ............................................................ 4-20
System Installation .................................................................2-3
System Overview....................................................................4-9
System Pressure.....................................................................8-4
System Setup ...................................................................... 4-19
T
386 CPU Setup Procedure..................................................... 10-13
Table of Contents ...................................................................1-7
Tables List ........................................................................... 1-11
Tare Command..................................................................... 4-25
Target Temperature ................................................................8-8
TC Cell Adjustment ............................................................... 9-11
TC Cell Assembly ........................................................ 9-12, 11-10
TC Cell Exhaust Manifold Assembly ........................................ 11-16
TC Cell Gain......................................................................... 5-18
TC Cell Voltage..................................................................... 4-17
TC Filament Current .............................................................. 4-17
Temperature, Actual................................................................8-8
Temperature, Catalyst Heater ................................................. 4-17
Temperature, Combustion Furnace .......................................... 4-17
Temperature, Furnace Operating ............................................. 5-17
Temperature, He Flow ........................................................... 4-17
Temperature, Heat-Up Time ................................................... 1-20
Temperature, IR Oven ........................................................... 4-17
Temperature, Operating......................................................... 1-20
Temperature, Range.............................................................. 1-20
Temperature, Reagent ........................................................... 4-17
Temperature, Reagent Operating............................................. 5-17
Temperature, Set ...................................................................8-8
Temperature, Set Point Accuracy............................................. 1-20
Temperature, Target ...............................................................8-8
Testing Computer Only .......................................................... 10-4
Theory of Operation ......................................................... 7-1, 7-3
Thermal Conductivity Detection.................................................7-5
Thermal Conductivity of Gases ..................................................7-8
Tips for Calibrating with a Cubic Curve ..................................... 7-14
Tips for Calibrating with a Linear Curve..................................... 7-11
Tips for Calibrating with a Quadratic Curve................................ 7-13
Total Elapsed Time, Leak Check.................................................8-4
Touchscreen ................................................................. 4-3, 6-27
Touchscreen Display............................................................ 11-14
Touchscreen Keyboard........................................................... 4-14
Touchscreen Keypad.............................................................. 4-15
Touchscreen, Using the.......................................................... 4-13
Transmission Methods .............................................................3-6
Troubleshooting, Ballast Tank Leak ........................................ 10-25
Troubleshooting, Flow System............................................... 10-20
Troubleshooting, Carrier Gas Flow.......................................... 10-22
Troubleshooting, Computer..................................................... 10-3
Troubleshooting, Combustion Gas Flow................................... 10-20
Troubleshooting, Combustion System Leak.............................. 10-23
Troubleshooting, Helium System Leak.................................... 10-27
Type of Flat Panel Display....................................................... 1-20
Typical Calibration Procedure .................................................. 5-30
U
Uncalibrated Furnace Temperature (FUT).................................. 8-14
Uncalibrated High Temperature ............................................... 8-15
Uncalibrated Low Temperature ................................................ 8-15
Up Arrow............................................................................. 4-12
U.S. Patent Numbers ...............................................................1-1
Use ON-Screen Keyboard ....................................................... 4-22
User .....................................................................................4-5
Using the External Keyboard................................................... 4-12
Using the Touchscreen........................................................... 4-13
V
Vacuum Cleaner Attachment Tool....................................3-16, 3-18
Valve State Positions........................................................... 10-29
View Calibration Results Screen Definitions........................5-33, 5-34
Viewing Angle (Flat Panel Display) ........................................... 1-20
Voltage, IR Cell .................................................................... 4-17
Voltage, TC Cell.................................................................... 4-17
W
Wake-Up ............................................................................. 4-10
Wake-Up Menu..................................................................... 5-57
Warnings............................................................................. 5-69
Warning and Caution Symbols...................................................1-4
Warnings, Errors and Notices........................................... 4-6, 5-61
Warranty...............................................................................1-2
Weight, Sample ............................................................1-19, 5-34
Weight List from Disk ....................................................4-22, 5-59
Weighted Calibration ............................................................. 4-22
Wiring Diagram......................................................................2-4
Write/Read Latch, Furnace Diagnostic ........................................8-8
X
XON/XOFF Time-Out ............................................................. 4-30

Manual Tga Analizer Thermogravimeter CHN2000 - V2-0 - 10-03

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Version 2.

CHN-2000 Instruction Manual

U.S. Patent #5236353, #5233308

©2003 LECO® Corporation.

Equipment manufactured by LECO® Corporation, St. Joseph,

The warranty on LECO® equipment remains valid only when

Introduction 1-2 CHN-2000

Only technically qualified individuals, who have fully read and

LECO® is a registered trademark of the LECO® Corporation.

CHN-2000 1-3 Introduction

The following symbols may be found on LECO® equipment or

This symbol indicates a risk of electrical shock. Refer to the

This symbol indicates a high temperature surface. Refer to the

This symbol indicates a caution and you must refer to the

Introduction 1-4 CHN-2000

CHN-2000 1-5 Introduction

Introduction 1-6 CHN-2000

System Installation ............................................................2-3

Data Transmit Kit ..............................................................3-3

CHN-2000 1-7 Introduction

Controls and Indicators.......................................................4-3

Furnace Combustion Tube Removal and Replacement ..............6-3

Introduction 1-8 CHN-2000

Helium, Ballast, and Combustion Leak Checks.........................8-3

Power Supply Unit .............................................................9-3

11 Illustrations (page 1-10)

CHN-2000 1-9 Introduction

Figure 1-1 .............. CHN-2000 Elemental Analyzer.................1-12

Introduction 1-10 CHN-2000

Table 3-1 ............... Interface Cable Pin Assignments..............3-4

CHN-2000 1-11 Introduction

Introduction 1-12 CHN-2000

CHN-2000P Elemental Analyzer Package:

CHN-2000 1-13 Introduction

Introduction 1-14 CHN-2000

CHN-2000 1-15 Introduction

Introduction 1-16 CHN-2000

501-081..............................................Glass Wool (1 lb.)

CHN-2000 1-17 Introduction

501-291..............................................Oxygen Pressure Regulator

* Includes 609-190 Balance Interconnect Cable

Introduction 1-18 CHN-2000

Range* (based on a 0.200g sample)

Chemical Reagents.............................Anhydrous Magnesium Perchlorate,

Nominal Sample Weight .....................0.200 grams

Furnace Type .....................................Resistance

CHN-2000 1-19 Introduction

Oxygen is NOT recommended for use in the pneumatic systems of LECO®

Flat Panel Display

Data Storage Devices .........................40 MB Hard Drive (minimum),

Electrical Power Requirements ...........230 VAC ±10%, 50/60 Hz, 25 amps

Introduction 1-20 CHN-2000

Storage Capacity ................................150 ID Codes, 200 Sample Weights,

Weight...............................................Approximately 330 pounds

CHN-2000 1-21 Introduction

A major portion of CHN-2000 functions are defined and

Software Update Procedure

1. While the instrument is operating enter CTRL X and exit to