UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MACHALA

Calidad, Pertinencia y Calidez

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS Y DE LA SALUD
CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA QUÍMICA

QUIMICA ANALITICA CUANTITATIVA

INTEGRANTES:

 Aguilar Jean
 Arias Valeria
 Calero Mario
 Carpio Carlos
 Curillo Ana
 Dota Silvana
 Granda Frank
 León Carlos
 Medina Santiago
 Monge Melany
 Orellana Jorge
 Rodríguez Emilia
 Romero Anthony
 Salazar Erwin
 Valarezo Zaida
 Villa Amy
 Zapata Lilian

FECHA: 07/06/21

CURSO: Cuarto Semestre “A”

DOCENTE: Dr. Jaime Roberto Morales Auz, Mgs.

TEMA: Equivalente Químico

1. Buscar 10 compuestos y sacar su composición porcentual.

1. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝑨𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒐 𝑺𝒖𝒍𝒇𝒖𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒐 ( 𝑯𝟐 𝑺𝑶𝟑 ).

𝐻2 : 2 × 1 = 2 ÷ 82 = 0.024 × 100 = 2.4%𝐻

𝑆: 1 × 32 = 32 ÷ 82 = 0.390 × 100 = 39%𝑆
𝑂3 : 3 × 16 = 48 ÷ 82 = 0.585 × 100 = 58.5%𝐻
2 + 32 + 48 = 𝟖𝟐𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍

2. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝑯𝒊𝒑𝒐𝒄𝒍𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒅𝒊𝒐 (𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍𝑶).

𝑁𝑎: 1 × 23 = 23 ÷ 74.45 = 0.31 × 100 = 31%𝑁𝑎

𝐶𝑙: 1 × 35.45 = 35.45 ÷ 74.45 = 0.48 × 100 = 48%𝐶𝑙
𝑂: 1 × 16 = 16 ÷ 74.45 = 0.21 × 100 = 21%𝑂
23 + 35.45 + 16 = 𝟕𝟒. 𝟒𝟓𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍

3. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝑪𝒂𝒓𝒃𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒊𝒐 (𝐂𝐚𝐂𝐎𝟑).

𝐶𝑎: 1 × 40.08 = 40.08 ÷ 100.09 = 0.40 × 100 = 40%𝐶𝑎

𝐶: 1 × 12.01 = 12.01 ÷ 100.09 = 0.12 × 100 = 12%𝐶
𝑂3 : 3 × 16 = 48 ÷ 100.09 = 0.48 × 100 = 48%𝑂
40.08 + 12.01 + 48 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍

4. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝑺𝒖𝒍𝒇𝒂𝒕𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝑪𝒐𝒃𝒓𝒆 (𝐂𝐮𝐒𝐎𝟒).

𝐶𝑢: 1 × 63.54 = 63.54 ÷ 159.6 = 0.40 × 100 = 40%𝐶𝑢

𝑆: 1 × 32.06 = 32.06 ÷ 159.6 = 0.20 × 100 = 20%𝑆
𝑂4 : 3 × 16 = 64 ÷ 159.6 = 0.40 × 100 = 40%𝑂
63.54 + 32.06 + 64 = 𝟏𝟓𝟗. 𝟔𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍

5. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: Á𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐟𝐨𝐬𝐟ó𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐨 (𝐇𝟑𝐏𝐎𝟒)

H3: 3 × 1 = 3 ÷ 98 = 0,003 × 100 = 3%H

P: 1 × 31 = 31 ÷ 98 = 0,31 × 100 = 31%P
𝑂4 : 4 × 16 = 64 ÷ 98 = 0,65 × 100 = 65%
3 + 31 + 64 = 𝟗𝟖 𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥

6. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝐂𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐨 (𝐂𝐇𝐂𝐥𝟑)

C: 1 × 12 = 12 ÷ 119,35 = 0,10 × 100 = 10%C

H: 1 × 1 = 1 ÷ 119,35 = 0,008 × 100 = 0,8%H
Cl3: 3 × 35,45 = 106,35 ÷ 119,35 = 0,89 × 100 = 89%Cl
12 + 1 + 106,35 = 𝟏𝟏𝟗, 𝟑𝟓𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥

7. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: Á𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐜𝐫ó𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐨 (𝐻2 𝐶𝑟𝑂4 )

𝐻 = 1 ∗ 2 = 2 ÷ 118 = 0,0169 x 100 = 1,69%

𝐶𝑟 = 52 ∗ 1 = 52 ÷ 118 = 0,4407 𝑥 100 = 44,07%
𝑂 = 16 ∗ 4 = 64 ÷ 118 = 0,5424 𝑥 100 = 54,24%
2 + 52 + 64 = 𝟏𝟏𝟖𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥
8. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: Á𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐬𝐨 (𝑯𝟐 𝑴𝒏𝑶𝟑 )

𝐻 = 1 ∗ 2 = 2 ÷ 105 = 0,0190 𝑥 100 = 1,9%

𝑀𝑛 = 55 ∗ 1 = 55 ÷ 105 = 0,5238 𝑥 100 = 52,38%
𝑂 = 16 ∗ 3 = 48 ÷ 105 = 0,4571 𝑥 100 = 45,71%
2 + 55 + 48 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥

9. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: Á𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐘𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐨 (𝑯𝑰𝑶𝟑 )

𝐻 = 1 ∗ 1 = 1 ÷ 176 = 0,00568 x 100 = 0,57%

𝐼 = 127 ∗ 1 = 127 ÷ 176 = 0,7216 x 100 = 72,16
𝑂 = 16 ∗ 3 = 48 ÷ 176 = 0,2727 x 100 = 27,27%
1 + 127 + 48 = 𝟏𝟕𝟔𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥

10. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒍𝒂 𝑪𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑷𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆: 𝐂𝐥𝐨𝐫𝐮𝐫𝐨 𝐌𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐨 (𝑯𝒈𝑪𝒍𝟐 )

𝐻𝑔 = 200,06 ∗ 1 = 200,06 ÷ 271,5 = 0,7369 x 100 = 73,69%

𝐶𝑙 = 35,45 ∗ 2 = 70,9 ÷ 271,5 = 0,2611 x 100 = 26,11%
200,06 + 70,9 = 𝟐𝟕𝟏, 𝟓𝐠/𝐦𝐨𝐥
 2. Buscar 10 compuestos y sacar su equivalente químico.

1. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝑨𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒐 𝑶𝒓𝒕𝒐 𝑭𝒐𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒐 .

𝐻 = 1𝑥3 = 3
𝑃 = 31𝑥1 = 31
𝑂 = 16𝑥3 = 48

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟖𝟐
𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
82
𝐸𝑞 = 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂3 =
3

𝐸𝑞 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂3 = 𝟐𝟕, 𝟑𝟑

2. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝑨𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒐 𝑯𝒊𝒑𝒐𝒄𝒍𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒐 (𝑯𝑪𝒍𝑶)

𝐻 = 1𝑥1 = 1
𝐶𝑙 = 35,45𝑋1 = 35,45
𝑂 = 16𝑋1 = 16

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟓𝟐, , 𝟒𝟓

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
52,45
𝐸𝑞 . 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂 =
1

𝐸𝑞 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂 = 𝟓𝟐, 𝟒𝟓

3. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝑵𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒂

𝐴𝑔 = 107,9𝑥1 = 107,9
𝑁 = 14𝑥1 = 14
𝑂 = 16𝑥3 = 48

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟏𝟔𝟗, 𝟗
𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
169,9
𝐸𝑞 . 𝐴𝑔 𝑁𝑂3 = = 𝟏𝟔𝟗, 𝟗
1

4. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝑪𝒂𝒓𝒃𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐 𝒅𝒆 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒊𝒐 ()

𝐶𝑎 = 40,08𝑋1 = 40,08
𝐶 = 12𝑋1 = 12
𝑂 = 16𝑋3 = 48

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟖
𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
 100,08
𝐸𝑞 . 𝐶𝑎 𝐶𝑂3 = = 𝟏𝟎𝟎, 𝟎𝟖
1

5. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝑨𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒐 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒐 ()

𝐻 = 1𝑋1 = 1
𝑀𝑛 = 55𝑥1 = 55
𝑂 = 16𝑥4 = 64

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎
𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯

𝐸𝑞 . 𝐻𝑀𝑛 𝑂4 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎

6. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝐇𝐢𝐝𝐫ó𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐝𝐞 𝐒𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐨 (𝐍𝐚𝐎𝐇)

𝑁𝑎 = 23 𝑥1 = 23
𝐻 = 1𝑥1 = 2
𝑂 = 16𝑥1 = 16

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟒𝟎 𝐠𝐫/𝐦𝐨𝐥

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
𝐸𝑞.𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = 40 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙

7. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝐇𝐢𝐝𝐫ó𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐝𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐢𝐨 𝐂𝐚(𝐎𝐇)𝟐

𝐶𝑎 = 40,1 𝑥1 = 40,1
𝐻 = 1𝑥2 = 2
𝑂 = 16𝑥2 = 32

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟕𝟒, 𝟏 𝐠𝐫/𝐦𝐨𝐥

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
74 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐸𝑄𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 =
2

𝐸𝑄𝐂𝐚(𝐎𝐇)𝟐 = 37𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙

8. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝐇𝐢𝐝𝐫ó𝐱𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐝𝐞 𝐡𝐢𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐨 𝐅𝐞(𝐎𝐇)𝟐

𝐻 = 1𝑥3 = 3
𝐹𝑒 = 85,45𝑥1 = 85,45
𝑂 = 16𝑥2 = 32

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎, 𝟒𝟓 𝐠𝐫/𝐦𝐨𝐥

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
 120, 45 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐸𝑞 𝐹𝑒(𝑂𝐻)3 =
2

𝐸𝑞 𝐹𝑒(𝑂𝐻)3 = 60, 225 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙

9. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝐒𝐮𝐥𝐟𝐚𝐭𝐨 𝐝𝐞 𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐨 𝐈𝐈𝐈 𝐂𝐫𝟐(𝐒𝐎𝟒)𝟑

𝐶𝑟 = 51,9 x 2 = 103, 8
𝑆 = 32 x 3 = 96
𝑂 = 16𝑥12 = 192

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟑𝟗𝟏, 𝟖 𝐠𝐫/𝐦𝐨𝐥

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
392 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐸𝑞 𝐂𝐫𝟐(𝐒𝐎𝟒)𝟑 =
6

𝐸𝑞 𝐂𝐫𝟐(𝐒𝐎𝟒)𝟑 = 65,3 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙

10. 𝑪𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒆𝒍 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒆 𝑸𝒖𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒐 𝒅𝒆: 𝐀𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨 𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐟ú𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐨 𝐇𝟐𝐒𝐎𝟒

𝐻 = 1𝑥2 = 2
𝑆 = 32 𝑥 1 = 32
𝑂 = 16𝑥4 = 64

𝑃𝑀 = 𝟗𝟖 𝐠𝐫/𝐦𝐨𝐥

𝑷𝒎
𝑬𝒒 =
≠𝑯
98
𝐸𝑞 = 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 =
𝐇𝟐𝐒𝐎𝟒 2

𝐸𝑞 𝐇𝟐𝐒𝐎𝟒 = 49 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Webgrafía

Compuesto químico (1) Quimica.net.calculos: https://www.quimicas.net/2015/10/calculo-de-

composicion-porcentual.html

Analitica.2020. (Femto).Intrments.edu.quimica.concentracion:
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