SENTHIL PUBLIC SCHOOL

CHEMISTRY PROJECT FILE

SESSION: 2021-2022

PROJECT: EFFECT OF WATER AND TEMPERATURE IN

VARYING THE TOXICITY LEVEL OF DIFFERENT
POLLUTANTS
REPORTED BY: CHARNIKHA.S.B
DHARANESH.G.S.
CHARDESHNA.M
CLASS: XII-E2
REPORTED TO: MR.PRASANNANJANEYULU GANGINENI
CHEMISTRY

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to

my Chemistry sir, Mr. Prasannanjaneyulu Gangineni, who
gave me the opportunity to do this wonderful project of
effect of water and temperature in varying the toxicity
level in different pollutants.
I would also like to extent my gratitude to the Principal
sir Dr. Manoharan, M.Sc., M.Phil., M.Ed., Ph.D., Vice
Principal mam Smt. S.Nalini, B.Ed., M.A., M.Phil., and
Academic Co-ordinator of Class XI and XII Shri. N.Soundar
Rajan, M.B.A., for providing me with all the the facility
that was required and for their able guidance and
support in completing my project.
It also helped me in doing a lot of research and I came to
know about so many things. I am really thankful to them.
And, last but not the least, I want to thank my parents
and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project.

SIGN OF THE CANDIDATE

2
 INDEX

S.NO TOPIC PAGE NO

01 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 02

02 OBJECTIVE 04

03 MATERIALS REQUIRED 04

04 METHOD 05

05 RESULT 14

06 CONCLUSION 14

3
OBJECTIVE:
My objective is
• To determine if the pH level of a toxic solution is effected
by certain water temperatures.
• Effect of water and temperature in varying the toxicity
level of different pollutants.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:
1. DAP glue
2. Oil based paint
3. Motor oil
4. Paper plates
5. Potential of hydrogen (pH) meter
6. Water
7. Salt
8. Paper cups and lids
9. Jumbo craft sticks
10. Water heater
11. Aquarium

4
METHOD:
• Determining if the potential of hydrogen level of a toxic
solution is effected by certain water temperature:
After the toxic solution was dry on the jumbo craft sticks, I
tested it by testing by putting them in plastic cups with water
and then I would put those cups in the degree I was testing,
which were 48 degrees, 70 degrees, 70 degrees salt water, 76
degrees and 82 degrees. After four days, I would measure the
potential of hydrogen level of each toxic solution.
• Effect of water and temperature in varying the toxicity level
of different pollutants:
1) ARSENIC:

Toxicity:
1 – 10 mg per kg body weight
Classification:
Highly toxic

5
Effect of water in Arsenic:
Arsenic exposure in the aquatic environment causes
bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms and can lead to
physiological and biochemical disorders such as poisoning, liver
lesions, decreased fertility, cell and tissue damage and cell
death.
Effect of temperature in Arsenic:

2) CADMIUM:
Toxicity:
10 – 100 mg per kg body
weight
Classification:
Moderately toxic

6
Effect of water in Cadmium:
Cadmium has the potential to cause kidney, liver,
bone and blood damage from long - term exposure at levels
above the maximum contaminated level.
Effect of temperature in Cadmium:

3) ZINC:
Toxicity:
100 – 1000 mg per
kg body
Classification:
Slightly toxic

7
Effect of water on temperature:
Vomitting usually occurs after the consumption of
more than 500 mg of zinc sulphate. Fever, nausea, vomiting,
stomach cramps, diarrhoea occurred 3 – 12 hrs after ingestion.
Effect of temperature in Zinc:

4) POTASSIUM:
Toxicity:
>1000
Classification:
Relatively harmless

8
Effect of water in Potassium:
Potassium toxicity can cause chest tightness,
shortness of breath, stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting
or intestinal gas.
Effect of temperature in Potassium:

5) CYANIDE:
Toxicity:
Mild - 0.5 – 1 mg/L
Moderate - 1-2 mg/L
Severe – 2 -3 mg/L
Classification:
Most rapidly lethal
poisons to man
9
Effect of water in Cyanide:
Cyanide poisons the mitochondrial electron transport
chain within cells and renders the body unable to derive the
energy (ATP) from oxygen. It may lower vitamin B12 levels and
hence exacerbate vitamin B12 deficiency.
Effect of temperature in Cyanide:

6) CARBON MONOXIDE:
Toxicity:
Exposures at 100 ppm or greater is dangerous to human
health
Classification:
Highly toxic or poisonous
Effect of water in Carbon Monoxide:
Carbon Monoxide is harmful when breathed because it

10
displaces oxygen in the blood and deprives the heart, brain and
other vital organs of oxygen. Large amounts of CO can
overcome you in minutes without warning – causing you to lose
consciousness and suffocate.

Effect of temperature in Carbon Monoxide:

11
07) GROUND LEVEL OZONE:

Toxicity:
>0.05 ppm
Classification:
Poisonous

Effect of water in Ground level ozone:

Ground level ozone also tropospheric ozone can trigger a
variety of human health effects including chest pain, coughing,
throat irritation and congestion.
Effect of temperature in Ground level ozone:

12
RESULT:
While determining the potential of hydrogen level of a toxic
solution is effected by certain water temperatures, I found out
that the higher the temperature is, the potential of hydrogen
will increase. But in 48 degrees, motor oil came out to a way
different potential of hydrogen level than DAP glue and oil
based paint. Yes, the temperature does effect the potential of
hydrogen level of a toxic solution.
Similarly we observed the effects of water and temperature in
varying the toxicity level of different pollutants.

CONCLUSION:
The hotter temperatures that had the toxic solution had a
higher potential of hydrogen level, which means that it is an
acid.
This makes me think that in the warmer water temperatures,
the toxic solutions could have evaporated into the air and
making it more of a base. I predict that these toxins in various
temperatures could have an effect on their stability and
sturdiness.
The health effects of pollutants are serious – one third of death
from stroke, lung cancer and heart disease. The effects of long
term exposure to lower concentrations of pollutants could be
more damaging to public health than short term exposure to
higher concentrations.
13
For this release alone, local authorities could take action to
assess and improve local air quality. It is not sufficient to wait
for an episode of severe pollutants and then try to deal with its
effects.

14