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Daniel Soto

Professor McGriff

Composition 2

20 February 2022

Journal Annotation 1-10

Isberto, Michael. “Artificially Intelligent Army Drones.” Colocation America, 15 Nov.

2020, www.colocationamerica.com/blog/ai-army-drones.

The article “Artificially Intelligent Army Drones” by Micheal Isberto, introduces

the concept of AI in drones and makes sure to illustrate just what these drones can do as

well as makes the reader question whether we could benefit from this or if it can help ruin

humanity. This article goes into much detail of what AI is truly capable of and how it

affects the drones performance. While putting Isberto’s own opinions on the matter, the

writer also includes world famous innovators in the tech industry’s opinion on super

intelligence being integrated in drones. Then concluding the article with a question of if

humans should further advance the technology we own.

Throughout the article the author Micheal Isberto shows no bias towards the

article by staying neutral with each point being made and only uses his personal opinion

to help the reader form their own. Towards the end of the article Isberto’s field of

experience and knowledge is listed as well as what position he has at the publisher for

Colocation America.
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This source enters into the idea of my research topic by helping people who may have no

knowledge of drones or AI at all. The source will help the other sources by helping the audience

build their understanding of drone AI. I shall use this source as an introductory source that will

grasp the audience's understanding in order to peak their interest. Overall this is the most

important source of all even though it lacks much evidence about the dangers of AI in drones it’ll

help build up to that moment.

Choi, Charles. “AI Drone May Have ‘hunted down’ and Killed Soldiers in Libya with No

Human Input.” Livescience.Com, 3 June 2021, www.livescience.com/ai-drone-attack-

libya.htm.

The article “AI Drone May Have ‘Hunted Down’ and Killed Soldiers in Libya with No

Human Input” by author Charles Choi, discusses a report from the U.N. Panel of Experts on

Libya on how a drone that has been installed with AI killed soldiers in the area. Even though the

report doesn’t provide actual evidence that the drone killed anyone it was directly implied. The

model of the drone is discussed as well as the politics behind the drones whereabouts and

intentions in the area of Libya. Most importantly towards the end of the article we get full detail

on how AI operates and how it lacks the common sense that humans possess.

Throughout the article author Choi only provides factual evidence with little to know

bias. Only at the end of the article does the reader get Choi’s thoughts on the matter but this does

not affect the legitimacy of the article. This source is backed up from the official United Nations

website that supports what happened in Libya was not false as well as using information from the

official website of the bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Proving this article's legitimacy as well as

with little to no bias towards the topic at hand.

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This source relates to my topic by supplying evidence for the potential danger that drone

AI really has on the real world. As well as further grasping the audience’s interest towards my

research topic as well as going into detail what exact danger can we see from drone AI. I shall use

this source to build my argument further as well as to establish the understatement of the threat of

drone AI that humanity can see in the future.

Crawford, Mark. “AI Helps Drones Expand Their Services - ASME.” The American

Society of Mechanical Engineers, 27 Aug. 2021,

www.asme.org/topics-resources/content/9-ai-applications-for-drones.

In the article “AI Helps Drones Expand Their Services” by author Mark Crawford

brings forth all the potential good that AI does for drones in our everyday lives.

Throughout the article Crawford provides multiple pieces of evidence of just how much

drones could really help humanity with their improved AI installed. The jobs and duties

vary from a dangerous workforce such as firefighting, police, and emergency response to

more comfortable ones such as human tracking, infrastructure inspection, smart farming,

and water monitoring. Towards the end of the article Crawford mentions that the

possibilities are endless with drone AI helping humanity further advance.

Throughout the article author Mark Crawford has a little bit of bias towards the

topic of drone AI since he provides no cons or how potentially drones could backfire

during these important jobs. The legitimacy of the article is fortified with Mark

Crawford’s experience as an engineer and writer for Corrales N.M helps forge logical

reasoning in the article.

This source shall begin my counterargument to further my side of the argument.

Providing this information will make the audience think about the morals and ethics of
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drone AI when they compare this information with the opposing side information. I shall

use this evidence to further my reasoning on how easily drone AI could backfire on

humanity especially when we integrate them into our normal lives.

Ackerman, Evan. “AI-Powered Drone Learns Extreme Acrobatics.” IEEE Spectrum, 24

June 2021, spectrum.ieee.org/ai-powered-drone-extreme-acrobatics.

In the article “ AI-Powered Drone Learns Extreme Acrobatics” by Evan Ackerman

discusses how far drone AI has come to be able to perform these aerial stunts all by themselves.
Through the first half of the article the author discusses how highly difficult the maneuvers are
and how even they could be only done by professional pilots, let alone automations such as
drones performing them in unison with other drones. Through the end of the article Ackerman
goes into even more detail of how hard the task these drones do, by talking with one of the head
programmers of the acrobatics project.
There are no hints to bias throughout the entire article since editor Ackerman shows only
factual evidence towards the article. By providing intellectual questions towards the people
behind the project and only discusses just how the drones are able to do these things. As for
credibility, the article is backed up by the University of Zurich which is what the project for
these acrobatic drones come from.
This source shall also add to the counter argument of the good of AI in drones. By further
showing how impressive and advanced the drone AI really is. Then after establishing the good of
drone AI using this second source I will counter it with the same potential they have to do good
is equal to the damage it can do.

Wadhwa, Vivek, and Alex Salkever. “Killer Flying Robots Are Here. What Do We Do

Now?” Foreign Policy, 5 July 2021, foreignpolicy.com/2021/07/05/killer-flying-robots-

drones-autonomous-ai-artificial-intelligence-facial-recognition-targets-turkey-libya.

In the article “Killer Flying Robots Are Here. What Do We Do Now?” by Vivek

Wadhwa discusses more on the threats that drone AI has. Discussing the previous article

I’m using in this research assignment, but this time going into further details on what this

advanced machinery can do beyond what happened in Libya. In the second half of the

article it goes into detail on the facial recognition software and the pros and cons of the
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software itself. Going to the end of the article it discusses how each country has its share

of risks from this drone as well as the politics of the ban of these certain drone AI’s.

Author Wadhwa shows very little bias in the article by pointing out the negatives

of drones AI where it fails to show it being a true threat as well as the vast capability of it

being a true threat. The credibility of this article is backed up by insiders and reports on

political leaders of other countries.

This source shall enhance my previous article on the deaths in Libya, by further

showing how the advanced drone AI can cause the entire world major

threats. This will be perfect towards my overall argument on just how serious this threat

really is.

“The U.N. Warns That AI Can Pose A Threat To Human Rights.” National Public Radio,

16 Sept. 2021,

choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2021/09/16/1037902314/the-u-n-

warns-that-ai-can-pose-a-threat-to-human-rights.

In the short article “The U.N. Warns That AI Can Pose A Threat To Human

Rights” The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet

discusses the potential of AI and how it may have an impact on “rights to privacy”.

Michelle covers this issue due to the spyware development which helped acknowledge

the threat of AI. At the end the report mentions that the U.N. recognises that AI shows

more harm than it can do good.

The article has no bias that can be seen throughout the entire article and is a report

coming straight from the moratorium. Its credibility is from the reports and was published

by national public radio.

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This source will help me connect the harms of AI in drones with other AI that can

be installed into drones and create more of a problem, since this article mentions spyware

AI such as Pegasus. This will help me establish with the audience what kind of threat

drones can really have on even our daily lives.

Knight, Will. “Autonomous Weapons Are Here, but the World Isn’t Ready for Them.”

Wired, 19 Dec. 2021, www.wired.com/story/autonomous-weapons-here-world-isnt-

ready.

In the article “Autonomous Weapons Are Here, but the World Isn’t Ready for

Them.” by Will Knight they report that over 120 countries that participated in the U.N.

Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons could not come to an agreement on

limiting the use of lethal autonomous weapons. Throughout the article In the first half

they report the advances in AI and how they have been developing further in the past few

years. As well as the list of countries that are against the use of lethal autonomous

weapons and a few that are up for banning them entirely.

The article does not show any bias since it is covering an international meeting.

Though the credibility of this article is also credible due to it being a report on the recent

U.N. meeting.

This source will develop my argument on how much of a threat drone AI and

autonomous weapons in general are dangerous to the entire country.

Basham-Witherington, Teddy. “Artificial Intelligence: How the Internet’s Gatekeeper

Could Affect Your Civil Rights.” Impact Fund, 4 June 2020, www.impactfund.org/legal-

practitioner-blog/ai-civilrights?
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gclid=CjwKCAiA9aKQBhBREiwAyGP5lV_cLBvSFOkYm6FiBOMBFSlaFxPsFcf1uI8

Zb9yjRXg-Ovr7Py3WZhoClPkQAvD_BwE.

Throughout the article “Artificial Intelligence: How the Internet’s Gatekeeper

Could Affect Your Civil Rights” by Basham covers the history of artificial intelligence as

well as how it has been emerging more in our lives through technology we all use now.

Towards the end of the article the author discusses how different our lives would be

without AI.

There is no proof of any bias towards the history of artificial intelligence since all

of the evidence shown in the article has no opinions that I can see. The credibility of the

article is backed up by multiple professors from UC Berkeley School of Information and

Law.

This source will be used to show my intended audience on how our lives are ruled

by AI and how drones using AI will have an even deeper effect on our lives.

“Armed Drones Revolutionized Airpower.” Wilson Center, 13 Oct. 2011,

www.wilsoncenter.org/article/armed-drones-revolutionized-airpower?

gclid=CjwKCAiA9aKQBhBREiwAyGP5leiZ3FUi3anpY6fCszrU-

lTmrbLmF5YXCJnUleAuKwyx-hJ_S6BUKxoCBBYQAvD_BwE.

The article “Armed Drones Revolutionized Airpower” shows the history when

arming drones first began even as early as 2001 do to the tragic event of 9/11. The entire

article discusses how far the project of arming drones was first an idea. Back in the late

90’s and early 2000’s the CIA thought of how they used to search for Osama bin Laden
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using an unarmed Predator which was a model of one of the first military grade built

drones.

This source had little to know evidence of bias with only giving the reader

evidence of the history of drones being used in the military. With its credibility coming

from its publisher The Mitchell Institute for Airpower Studies.

This source shall give my audience some much needed history on arming drones

to help them understand how long the military has been using drones as weapons. As well

as to give them an idea on what these armed drones are capable of without their advanced

AI.

Sabbagh, Dan. “Killer Drones: How Many Are There and Who Do They Target?” The

Guardian, 31 Dec. 2020, www.theguardian.com/news/2019/nov/18/killer-drones-how-

many-uav-predator-reaper.

The article “Killer Drones: How Many Are There and Who Do They Target?”

discusses just how many military drones are really out there in the world today as well as

showing a graph of how many drones the government will buy in the next 10 years. The

article goes over which countries use drones the most such as China and Egypt. The

article gives the reader an illustrated graph on how many missions drones have been on

since 2014 to 2018. And closing off the article discusses how drones will change war and

what the priorities will be in certain countries.

The article shows no signs of bias with no opinions shown in the article as well as

the author being factual and fair with each piece of evidence. The credibility of the article

is from the publisher, the guardian and the editor is a defense and security editor.
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This source will be used to further prove my point on how drones can have a very

high impact on our lives regardless of negative or positive use to them.