ES - 622

Finite Element Methods

Project - 1

Submitted by :
Amay Gupta
Flow

1. Introduction.
2. Literature Review.
3. FEM implantation.
4. Reference.
INTRODUCTION

1. In the Finite Element Analysis approach, a complex domain defining a

continuum is discretized into simple geometric shapes, called finite elements.
2. The material properties and the governing relationships are considered over
the finite elements.
3. These relationships are then expressed in terms of unknown parameters at
elemental nodes.
4. An assembly process is carried out with loading and constraints to obtain set of
finite element equations.
5. The solution of which represents the approximate behaviour of the continuum.
Computational outline

1. Software like: ANSYS, ABAQUS, LS DYNA, MSC Nastran, Autodesk CFD etc. can
be used.

Initiation Pre-Processing Post-Processing

Includes: Defining: Results by:

• Assumptions. • Geometry. • Handling of
• Choice of • Materials. Solution data.
software. • Elements. • Interpretation.
• Sections. • Plotting curves.
• Loading • Further
• Boundary processing at
Conditions. some other
• Meshing. etc.. platform.
Literature Overview

1. “Finite Element Study of Single-Angle Connection Under Tensile Loading.” W.M.

Kim Roddis1, Ph.D., P.E. and Deborah Blass2, M.S. .[2]
a. Objective – To validate or verify the codal provisions of International
Building Code (IBC) 2009.
b. Analysis of Single angle section is considered. The main assumption: Shear
force and the axial tensile force need not be considered to act
. simultaneously.
c. Tensile strength of a shear connection would become important in helping to
prevent collapse due to accidental damage.
Literature Overview (FEM - Implementation)

1. “Finite Element Study of Single-Angle Connection Under Tensile Loading.” W.M.

Kim Roddis1, Ph.D., P.E. and Deborah Blass2, M.S. .[2]
Finite Element Model implementation –
i) Steel Material for sections – A36 (United States) – Mild Carbon Steel.
ii) Angle Section – L 4 × 3 × 3/8
iii) Bolt diameter – A 325 ¾” – Snug tight bolt – Number of bolts = 4
iv) Parent Material – 0.625 in. (Supporting girder).
v) Model Geometry – 3 dimensional model with 8 elements - solid elements
and contact elements.
Literature Overview (FEM - Implementation)

1. “Finite Element Study of Single-Angle Connection Under Tensile Loading.” W.M.

Kim Roddis1, Ph.D., P.E. and Deborah Blass2, M.S. .[2]
Finite Element Model implementation –
vi) Loading – Uniform loading was applied throughout.
vii) The base thicknesses of 0.25-in., 0.375-in., 0.5-in., 0.625-in (original case),
0.75-in, and 1.0-in, were analysed, all using the same geometry as the
original case.
viii) Boundary conditions – Nothing was discussed about boundary conditions
(explicitly).
Literature Overview (FEM - Implementation)

Figure : Finite element model of Angle section (Deformed shape).[2]

Literature Overview

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]

a. Objective – To develop deformation maps of Tee-Stub bolted connections.

b. Analysis of Tee-Stub connection under tensile loading is considered. Single
row of bolt arrangement with different geometry conditions is studied.
c. Three modes of failure, can develop: Mode 1, complete yielding of the flange;
Mode 2, bolt failure with yielding of the flange; and Mode 3, bolt failure.
Mostly Mode 1 and Mode 2 failure is observed.[3]
Literature Overview

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]

Image: T Stub Connection. (Source: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-701/7/10/386/htm)

Literature Overview (FEM -Implementation)

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]
FEM – Implementation :
i) Software – ABAQUS.
ii) Material Steel – S355 steel (except flange) with E = 210 GPa and µ = 0.33.
iii) Bolt – Grade 8.8. – With varying λ i.e. Deformation model.
iv) Loading – Quasi Static –Tensile loading.
v) Plastic responses are modelled using conventional J2 plasticity flow theory.
vi) Meshing – C3D8R (C ; 3 ; D8; R). (Whole model except flange).
Literature Overview (FEM -Implementation)

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]
FEM – Implementation :
vii) Meshing for flanges – B2C2D3; B4C5D4 and B6D10C4.

Figure: Meshing for flanges.[3]

Literature Overview (FEM -Implementation)

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]
FEM – Implementation :
viii) Four different grades of structural steel (S235, S275, S355, and S450) are
modelled for the flange material.
ix) The element size: LE0 = 0.89 mm (first).
Procedure repeated for: LE1 = 1.00 mm, LE2 = 1.25 mm and LE3 = 1.59mm.
x) Boundary Condition - The bottom web is fully clamped and a displacement
boundary condition of uy = 0.01 mm/s was applied to the top web.
Literature Overview (FEM -Implementation)

2. “Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs.” A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane;

and P. Wrobel.[3]
FEM – Implementation :
xi) The damage initiation criterion by ABAQUS was used to predict the onset of
damage over the range of stress states.
References

1. Finite Element Methods – Basic Concepts and Applications. Chennakesava R.

Alavala.
2. Finite Element Study of Single-Angle Connection Under Tensile Loading. W.M.
Kim Roddis, Ph.D., P.E. and Deborah Blass, M.S.
3. Deformation Maps for Bolted T-Stubs. A. C. Faralli; P. J. Tan; G. J. McShane; and
P. Wrobel.
4. Abaqus/CAE User’s Manual - “ABAQUS 6.11”.