11

Business Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Solving Problems involving Proportion
Business Mathematics – Grade 11 Quarter 1 – Module 4: Solving Problems
involving Proportion

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writers: RICHELLE L. ILAO-BAYANI

Editors: NEONITA B. ERA, MT and MARIVIC C. ALOC, MT

Reviewers: JOY G. CABRERA, EPS / DARCY GUY Y. MAŃEBO, EPS

Illustrator: CARL MARC S. CARILLO

Layout Artist: EDIESON E. BAYANI

Business Mathematics – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Solving Problems Involving Proportion

I. Introduction:

Setting up and solving a proportion is a helpful strategy for solving a

variety of proportional reasoning problems, some of many real-world situations
involve proportion. In the previous lesson, we have discussed the concept of
proportions, which builds upon knowledge of fractions, ratios, and basic facts.
Furthermore, you must understand that using proportions to solve problems is
a fundamental building block for most problem solving situations that you will
encounter in the future. You already learned how to construct proportions this
time, you will learn how to use proportions to solve real world problems.

II. Objectives:

At the end of the lesson you are expected to:

A. Solve problem involving direct, inverse and partitive proportion.
(ABM_BM11RP-If-4)
➢ Identify if the given problem illustrates direct, inverse or partitive
proportions.
➢ Solve problems involving direct, inverse or partitive proportions.
➢ Value the importance of proportion through real life word problem.

III. Vocabulary List

For your better understanding of the lesson, here is the list of words
and their meanings. Read and understand them carefully.

Proportion
➢ refers to the equality between ratios. It can be written in two ways: as two
equal fractions a/b = c/d; or using a colon, a:b = c:d.
Ratio
➢ the relation between two numbers or two magnitudes of the same kind.

Variables
➢ is a quantity that may change within the context of a mathematical
problem or experiment. Typically, we use a single letter to represent a
variable. The letters x, y, and z are common generic symbols used for
variables.
Fraction
➢ it comes from Latin word “fractio” which means ‘to break’. It represents a
part of a whole consists of a numerator and a denominator.
Numerator
➢ the top part of the fraction that represents how many parts of the whole
are being considered.
Denominator
➢ the bottom part of the fraction that represents the total number of parts
created from the whole.
Term
➢ refers to the each of the four numbers in a proportion.
Means
➢ the values of a proportion that are close to each other when written in a
ratio form using a colon.
Extremes
➢ the values of a proportion that are farther apart from each other when
written in a ratio form using a colon.
Direct Proportion
➢ a number is directly proportionate to another when as one values
increases, so does the other.
Indirect/Inverse Proportion
➢ a number is indirectly proportionate to another when as one value
increases, the other decreases.
Partitive Proportion
➢ involves identifying parts of a whole based on a given ratio of these parts.
Cross Product
➢ is used to test whether two ratios are equal and form a proportion by
multiplying the diagonals of the terms or the means and extremes of a
term.
Cross Product Property of Proportions
➢ states that the cross products of two ratios will be equal if the two ratios
form a proportion.

IV. Pre-Test:

Instruction: Read and understand each item carefully. Write your answer
in your module notebook. DO NOT PUT YOUR ANSWER/S IN THE MODULE.

1. _____ refers to the type of proportion in which a number is indirectly

proportionate to another when as one value increases, the other
decreases.
A. Direct proportion C. Partitive proportion
B. Inverse proportion D. Unequal proportion
 2. It is defined as an equation that shows the equality of two ratios.
A. Equation C. Proportion
B. Variables D. Ratio

3. A symbol for a number we don't know yet is called __________. It is

usually a letter like x or y.
A. Equation C. Proportion
B. Variables D. Ratio

4. The ratio of girls to boys in an ABM class is 5:3. If there are 48 students
in the class, how many boys and girls are there?
A. 5 : 3 C. 30 : 18
B. 15 : 30 D. 48 : 18

5. In a BPP class you found out that in baking a good bread the best ratio
of eggs to flour is 4:1 to be able to produce 12 pcs of bread. If you have
an order of 36 pieces of bread you need 12:3. The given problem shows
what kind of proportion?
A. Direct proportion C. Partitive proportion
B. Inverse proportion D. Unequal proportion

V. Learning Activities:

Proportions builds upon knowledge of fractions, ratios, variables and basic

facts. Solving proportions requires finding the unknown numeric value of a
variable within a set of ratios that are being compared. You can use step-by-step
techniques to clarify and solve proportion problems by extracting information
from word problems or tables and creating an algebraic equation to solve for “x.”

Let us recall that a proportion is simply a statement that two ratios are
𝑎 𝑐
equal. It can be written in two ways: as two equal fractions 𝑏 =𝑑 ;or using a colon,
a:b = c:d. Each of the four numbers in a proportion is called a term of the
proportion namely a, b, c and d. The outer terms a and d, are called the extremes
of the proportion. The inner terms b and d, are the means. Each of these is read
as “a is to b as c is to d”.
extremes means
extremes

𝑎 𝑐
a:b=c:d =
𝑏 𝑑 extremes
means
means
 Solving proportion problem can solve for time, distance, rate, amounts,
percent, numerals and conversions. There are lots of situations that can create
proportion word problems. We will illustrate these situations with some
examples. You already know the different types of Proportion last time which are
direct proportion, indirect/inverse proportion and partitive proportion. Let’s take
some of example of each types of proportion and how to solve it in a given
problem.

Direct Proportional Problems

There are many situations in our daily lives that involve direct
proportion. For example, a worker may be paid according to the number of hours
he worked; the cost of groceries or fruits and vegetable to the number of pieces
and their weight; the amount of ingredients in your daily meal and many more
situations which are related in such a way that when x changes, y changes
proportionately. The two quantities, for example the number of hours worked (x)
and the amount paid(y);

Example:
Mary Ann wants to buy a new pen which will be donated for the
students of TNLNHS. She went to a bookstore and the saleslady told her that
three pens cost Php. 15.00. How many pens can she buy if she has a total of
Php.750.00?

Image source: https://www.google.com

In every word problem, it is always important to determine first what the

unknown value is, assign a variable for the unknown value, and then identify a
proportional relationship that you can use to solve for it. The example above can
be considered as direct proportional problem because the number of pens is
directly proportional to its cost.

Solution: Let x be the actual number of pens and pencils to buy.

Write the ratio based on what is given in the problem.

3 𝑝𝑐𝑠.𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑛 𝑥
=
𝑃ℎ𝑝.15.00 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑛 𝑃ℎ𝑝.750.00
 Then, cross multiply and perform indicated operation to solve for
the value of x.

x (15) = 3 (750)
15x = 2250
15𝑥 2250
=
15 15

x = 150 pieces of pen

Checking: Note that you can always check your answer if you substitute the value
of the variable to the term that you make for the problem. You can use the cross-
multiplication or the product of means and extremes.

Inverse/Indirect Proportional Problems

There are also many situations in our daily lives that involve inverse
proportion. For example, the number of days required to build a bridge is
inversely proportional to the number of workers. As the number of workers
increases, the number of days required to build would decrease. The two
quantities, the number of workers (x) and the number of days required (y), are
related in such a way that when one quantity increases, the other decreases.

Example:

Mr. Carpio wants to install a water

pump supply in their rest house in Tagaytay.
The foreman said that it will take 3 workers to do
the job in 20 days. But, Mr. Carpio wants to
finish it in 10 days because a visitor will stay
in the house. How many workers will Mr. Carpio
need in order to finish the job in 10 days? Image source: https://www.google.com

Based on the example, the relation between the time it takes to dig a well
and install a water pump that will supply water to the house and the number of
workers needed to build it is an inverse proportion. Below is the solution to solve
the problem following the process of inverse proportion.

Solution: Let x be the actual number of workers to do the job in 10 days

Write the ratio based on what is given in the problem.

3 people : 20 days = x : 10 days

3 x 20 = x(10)
60 = 10x
60 10𝑥
=
10 10
6people = x
 Based on the problem the more people you have, the less time it takes. If
it takes 3 people to do the job in 1 month, it will take only ½ month if you have
6 people working. If you double the number of workers, the time is also halved.
If you triple the number of workers, the time becomes to a third.

Partitive Proportional Problems

A partitive proportion, is also known as a proportion by parts, because it

describes a whole amount being divided or distributed into two or more unequal
parts given a specified ratio. For example, the ratio of boys to girls in a class is
3:5. If there are 40 students in the class, how many boys and girls are there?

Solution:
Since we don't know the constant of proportionality, we let that as x, which
means that 3x is the number of boys and 5x is the number of girls in the problem,
so will going to have an equation below:
3x + 5x = 40
8x = 40 Find the value of x and perform
the indicated operation.
8𝑥 40
=
8 8
x = 5
Substitute the value of x to the term
number of boys = 3 ( 5) to get the number of boys and girls.
= 15
number of boys = 5 ( 5)
= 25

Therefore, there are 15 boys and there are 25 girls in a class. You
can check if your answer is correct if you get the numbers back into the problem.
The total number of boys and girls 15+25 is equals to 40 students in the class.

Example:
Joy has a water refilling business, a customer ordered forty liters
of water which will be transferred into 3 containers in the ratio 1:3:4. How much
water is in each container?

Image source: https://www.google.com

Solution:
The ratio 1:3:4 indicates 1 + 3 + 4 = 8 portions. 40 liters will be
40
divided into 8 portions; that is, = 5 liters (L) per portion.
8

Container 1 will have 1 portion

Container 2 will have 3 portions
Container 3 will have 4 portions

Since each portion will have 5 Liters per portion to be able to get
the amount of water per each container we have to multiply the portion allocated
for each container to the amount per portion.

Container 1 - 1 portion x 5 L = 5 Liters in it

Container 2 - 3 portions x 5 L = 15 Liters in it
Container 3 - 4 portions x 5 L = 20 Liters in it
 VI. Practice Task

Instruction: Write real-life situations in your home or school that you could
use the concept of proportion. Give 2 examples for each types of proportion. Write
your answer in your module notebook. DO NOT PUT YOUR ANSWER/S IN THIS
MODULE.

Direct Proportion

1.

2.

Indirect Proportion

1.

2.

Partitive Proportion

1.

2.
 Instruction: Below is the recipe and ingredients in making hotcakes
(Filipino Pancakes) that you can do at home. Ask help form your mother to go to
the nearest sari-sari store and ask about the prices of the ingredients listed.
Answer the questions below and don’t forget to show your solution. Write it in
your module notebooks. DO NOT PUT YOUR ANSWER/S IN THE MODULE.

Here is a list of ingredients for making 10 pieces of hotcakes (Filipino

pancakes):

¼ kg all-purpose flour
4 tablespoons sugar
1 ½ tablespoons baking powder
2 pieces of large eggs
2 tablespoon margarine

Image source: https://www.google.com

Guide Question:

1. How much is the total cost of ingredients to make 10 pieces of

hotcakes?

2. How much will the total cost of the ingredients if you want to make
additional 15 pieces of hotcakes?

3. If you wanted to add ¾ kg of all-purpose flour, how much sugar will

you need?
4. How many hotcakes will you make with 2 ¾ kg of all-purpose flour?

5. How many eggs are needed if you want to make 50 pieces of hotcakes?

6. For 10 tablespoons of sugar, how much baking powder is needed?

7. Using the above ingredients how much is the cost of hotcakes per piece?

8. Suppose you and your sister decided to use the recipe of hotcakes above
and share expenses at the ratio of 2:3, how much would the share of
each of you?

9. How many hotcakes will each of you get following the same ratio 2:3
with the same ingredients.

10.What is the measurements of all the ingredients if you want to make a

total of 30 pieces of hotcakes?
 Instruction: Solve the following problems and recognize the type of
proportion the following problems illustrate. Write your answer and solution in
your module notebook. DO NOT PUT YOUR ANSWER/S IN THIS MODULE.

1. M’s Restaurant is owned by Marivic. She hires Carlos as a Manager.

If Carlos earns Php. 6,000.00 in 20 days, how much will he earn if
she works for 30 days?

2. Mr. Orjeta plans to repair his house. He inquires with a carpenter

to know how long it will take to finish the repair of the house. The
carpenter said that three men can complete the job in 3 weeks. How
many men is needed if he wants the job to be completed within a
week?

3. R & A Milktea House is owned by Rowena and Annabel. Since they

are partners in the business, they share profits and losses at a ratio
of 2:3, respectively. If the capital of Rowena is Php. 16,800.00, how
much is the capital of Annabel?

4.
5. Annalyn owns a souvenir shop. Before the town fiesta she wants to
have a stock of 576 pieces of T-shirts. The ratio of white, plain
colored and printed T-shirts is 2:3:4, respectively. How many of each
type of T-shirts should Annalyn have in her stock?

6. The Honda Civic car owned by Marlon travelled at the rate of 40 km

per hour and it takes 10 hours to travel a certain distance. How long
would it take Marlon to travel the same distance in his car if the rate
of speed is 50 km per hour?
 VII. Post Test

Multiple Choice. READ AND UNDERSTAND EACH ITEM. ANALYZE what is asked;
choose the correct answer. Write your answer in your module notebook. DO NOT
PUT YOUR ANSWER/S IN THE MODULE.

1. If there is an increase in one quantity which causes increase in the other

quantity, or a decrease in one quantity that causes also decrease in other
quantity, the proportion is called _____________.
A. Direct Proportion C. Partitive Proportion
B. Inverse Proportion D. Proportional Method

2. A statement is said to be proportion if _________ are equal to each other.

A. Length C. Measurement
B. Ratio D. Weight
3. Which of the following situations DOES NOT show a direct proportional
problem?
A. Number of kilos of rice to the amount that you will pay
B. Number of people working to the number of days working at the
same rate.
C. Score to Rating
D. Your body size to the size of your uniform
4. Suppose 20 men can build a house in 6 days. When the number of men is
increased to 30, they take 4 days to build the same house, and when the
number of men become 40, it takes them 2 days to build it. This situation
shows what type of proportion?
A. Direct Proportion C. Partitive Proportion
B. Inverse Proportion D. Proportional Method
5. Carlos, Carl and Carlito share a business. They agreed to divide their
profits in the ratio 1:2:3, respectively and use them to help the unemployed
families during COVID 19 pandemic in their place. How much will Carlito’s
receive to donate for the said families, if the total profit is Php. 6,000.00?
A. Php.1,000.00 C. Php.3,000.00
B. Php.2,000.00 D. Php.4,000.00
6. What type of proportion does item number 5 illustrate?
A. Direct Proportion C. Partitive Proportion
B. Inverse Proportion D. Proportional Method
7. Cora teaches Ramon to make peanut brittle. She told him that he should
use 1 cup of peanut for every ½ kilogram of sugar. If Cora gives Ramon 7
½ cups of peanut, how many kilograms of sugar will he need?
A. 2 ½ kg C. 4 ¼ kg
B. 3 ¾ kg D. 5 ½ kg
 8. Problem #7 indicates what type of proportion?
A. Direct Proportion C. Partitive Proportion
B. Inverse Proportion D. Proportional Method
9. Mrs. Rito did a relief operation for the families affected by the Enhanced
Community Quarantine due to the COVID 19 Pandemic. She gave supply
of food which lasts for a week to 20 families. How long would the supply
last if 3 more families have to be supplied?
A. 4 days C. 6 days
B. 5 days D. 7 days
10. What types of proportion does problem number 9 illustrate?
A. Direct Proportion C. Partitive Proportion
B. Inverse Proportion D. Proportional Method

VII. Assignment/Additional Activity:

Let’s go
Online!

Make a flyers of an item for sale or a business you want to promote, post
it on your social media (Facebook, Twitter or Instagram). Find out the ratio of
male and female friends of yours who have liked/loved it. Compare your ratio
with that of your classmates/peers to find out whether they show proportion or
not. If available, use online tools to present your output.

IX. Answer Key:

PRE TEST:

1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. C
 Students answer may vary, the following are some of the sample real-life
situations using different types of proportion.

Direct Proportion:
▪ The quantity you buy in the sari sari store to the amount you
pay
▪ The number of pages you read a book to the time you spent
reading.
▪ The measurement of ingredients in cooking.
▪ The measurement of your body to the clothes you wear
▪ The number of school hours you spend in school every day.

Indirect/Inverse Proportion:
▪ The number of hours the block of ice melt varies with the
temperature
▪ The distance travelled in a motorcycle varies to the rate of speed.
▪ Travelling at faster speed, the distance a jogger can cover in hour
an varies on the speed he/she run.
▪ Completing a task, the number of hours you do the cleaning of
house varies on the number of people helping.
▪ Sharing out given quantities, if there are more people sharing a
given amount, then each person will get less.

Partitive Proportion:
▪ The ratio of girls and boys in your family and in your classroom.
▪ Sharing of school expenses.
▪ Dividing school allowance.
▪ Dividing foods into equal parts or portion.
▪ Sharing of profits or loss

The following is the sample price of the ingredients. Prices may vary
depending on your locality:

¼ kg all-purpose flour – Php.40/kg = Php. 10.00

4 tablespoons sugar – Php.60/kg (approx.60 tbsp.) = Php. 1.00
1 ½ tbsp baking powder – Php.16/pack (makes 4 tbsp.) = Php. 6.00
2 pieces of large eggs – Php.8/pc = Php. 16.00
2 tablespoon margarines – Php.20/pack (makes 5 tbsp) = Php. 8.00
Total Php. 41.00
1. How much is the total cost of ingredients needed to make 10 pieces of
hotcakes?
Answer: Php. 41.00 (note: students answer may vary)

2. How much is the total cost of the ingredients for an additional 15 pieces
of hotcakes?

If 10 pieces cost Php.41.00, additional 15 pieces or total of 25 pieces.

Let x be the total cost of ingredients to make 25 pieces
10:41 = 25:x cross multiplication/product of means & extremes
10 (x) = 41 (25)
10x = 1025
10𝑥 1025
=
10 10
x = 102.50
Therefore, 25 pieces of hotcakes cost Php. 102.50

3. If you wanted to add ¾ kg of all-purpose flour, how much sugar will

you need?

Ratio of Flour to sugar is ¼ kg : 4 tbsp.

Flour ¼ + ¾ = 1 kg.
Let x be the measurement of sugar needed
¼ : 4 = 1kg : x cross multiplication/product of means & extremes
¼ (x) = 4 x 1
¼x =4 convert fraction to decimal to
0.25𝑥 4
= easily solve the problem
0.25 0.25
x = 16
Therefore, 16 tablespoons needed for 1 kg of flour.

4. How many hotcakes will you make with 2 ¾ kg of all-purpose flour?

Ratio of Flour to number of pieces to make 10 hotcakes
¼ kg Flour : 10 pcs hotcakes
Let x be the number of hotcakes to make in 2 ¾ kg of flour
¼ : 10 = 2 ¾ : x cross multiplication/product of means & extremes
¼ (x) = 10 (2 ¾) convert fraction to decimal
0.25x = 10 (2.75)
0.25x = 27.5
0.25𝑥 27.5
=
0.25 0.25
x = 110
Therefore, 110 pieces of hotcakes can make in 2 ¾ kg of flour.
5. How many eggs are needed if you want to make 50 pieces of hotcakes?
Ratio of Egg to number of pieces to make 10 hotcakes
2 pieces : 10 pcs hotcakes
Let x be the number of eggs needed for 50 pieces of hotcakes.
2 : 10 = x : 50 cross multiplication/product of means & extremes
10 (x) = 2 (50)
10x = 100
10𝑥 100
=
10 10
x = 10
Therefore, 10 pcs. of eggs to make 50 pieces of hotcakes.

6. With 10 tablespoons of sugar, how many baking powder is needed?

Ratio of sugar to baking powder:
4 tbsp. of sugar : 1 ½ tbsp. of baking powder
Let x be the number of baking powder in 10 tbsp. of sugar
4 : 1 ½ = 10 : x cross multiplication/product of means & extremes
4 ( x ) = 1.5 (10)
4x = 15
4𝑥 15
=
4 4
x = 3.75 or 3 ¾
Therefore, in 10 tbsp. of sugar you need 3 ¾ tbsp. of baking powder.

7. Using the above ingredients how much is the cost of hotcakes per piece?
Add all the amounts of ingredients. Total amount of ingredient is
Php.41.00. Let x be the cost of hotcakes per piece.
x = Total amount of ingredients / number of pieces made
𝑃ℎ𝑝.41.00
x=
10
x = Php. 4.10
Therefore, the amount of hotcakes per piece is Php.4.10

8. If you and your sister used the recipe of hotcakes above and decided to
share expenses at the ratio of 4:6 respectively, how much is the share
of each of you?
The ratio of their share is 4:6 and the total expenses or amount of the
ingredients is Php.41.00
Let x = be the amount of portion per share
4:6 = Php.41.00
4x + 6x = Php.41.00
10x = Php.41.00
10𝑥 41
=
10 10
x = Php. 4.10
 4x + 6x = Php.41.00 substitute the value of x to compute the share of each
4(4.1) + 6(4.1) = Php.41.00
16.4 + 24.6 = Php.41.00
Therefore, Php.16.40 is your share and Php.24.6 is the share of your sister.

9. How many hotcakes will each of you get following the same ratio 4:6
with the same ingredients.
The ratio of their share is 4:6 and the total hotcakes you make is 10.
Let x = be the number of hotcakes per share
4 : 6 = 10 pieces of hotcakes
4x + 6x = 10
10x = 10
10𝑥 10
=
10 10
x = 1 piece per share

4x + 6x = 10 substitute the value of x to compute the share of each

4(1) + 6(1) = 10
4 + 6 = 10 pieces
Therefore, you will have 4 pieces of hotcakes and 6 pieces to your sister.

10.What is the measurement of all the ingredients if you want to make a

total of 30 pieces of hotcakes?
Since the ratio of all the ingredients to the number of hotcakes that will
be made out of its ingredient is 1:10, all you have to do is multiply the
measurement of all the ingredients to 3.
¼ kg all-purpose flour x 3 = ¾ kg
4 tablespoons sugar x 3 = 6 tbsp.
1 ½ tablespoons baking powder x 3 = 3 ¾ tbsp
2 pieces of large eggs x 3 = 6 pieces
2 tablespoon margarine x 3 = 6 tbsp.

1. M’s Restaurant was owned by Marivic, she hires Carlos as a Manager. If

Carlos earns Php. 6,000.00 in 20 days, how much will he earn if he works
for 30 days?

DIRECT PROPORTION – the amount of salary is directly proportion

to the number days of work.
Let x = the total amount Carlos will earn.
Php.6000/20 days = x/30days - (cross multiplication)
20𝑥 18,000
=
20 20
x = Php.9,000.00
Therefore, Carlos will earn Php. 9,000.00 in 30 days.
2. Mr. Orjeta plans to repair his house. He inquires with a carpenter to know
how long it will take to finish the repair of the house. The carpenter said
that three men can complete the job in 3 weeks. How many men is needed
if he wants the job to be completed within a week?

INDIRECT/INVERSE PROPORTION – as the number of people working

increases, the number of days to complete the job decreases.
Let x = the total number of men needed to complete the job in a week.
3 men/3 weeks = x/1 week - (multiply both side of the term)
3x3 = 1(x)
9 = 1x
9 1𝑥
=
1 1
x = 9 Therefore, 9 men are needed to finish the job in one week.

3. R & A Milktea House is owned by Rowena and Annabel. Since they are
partners in the business, they share profits and losses at a ratio of 2:3
respectively. If the capital is Php. 16,800.00, how much is the capital of
Rowena and Annabel?

PARTITIVE PROPORTION – the capital is divided into parts.

Let x = the amount of portion per share
2:3 = Php.16800 2x + 3x = 16,800
2x + 3x = 16,800 2(3360) + 3(3360) = 16,800
5x = 16,800 6720 + 10,080 = 16,800
5𝑥 16,800
=
5 5
x = 3,360 per one share.
Therefore, Rowena’s capital is Php.6,720 and Annabel is Php.10,080.

4. Annalyn owns a souvenir shop. Before the town fiesta, she wants to have
a stock of 576 pieces of T-shirts. The ratio of white, plain colored and
printed T-shirts is 2:3:4, respectively. How many pieces of each type of T-
shirts should Annalyn have in her stock?

PARTITIVE PROPORTION – the number of t-shirts is divided into

categories.
Let x = the portion of T-shirts per type.
2:3:4 = 576 pieces of t-shirts
2x+3x+4x = 576 2(64)+3(64)+4(64) = 576
9x = 576 128+192+256 = 576
9𝑥 576
= 576 = 575
9 9
x = 64 Therefore, Annalyn should stock 182 white,
192 plain colored and 256 printed t-shirts.
 5. The Honda Civic car owned by Marlon travelled at the rate of 40 km per
hour and it takes 10 hours to travel at a certain distance. How long would
it take if Marlon wants to travel the car at the same distance at the rate of
50 km per hour?

INDIRECT/INVERSE PROPORTION – as speed rate of car increases

the travel time decreases at the same distance
Let x = the hour it takes Marlon reach the same distance.
40 𝑥
=- (cross multiplication)
50 10
50x = 40(10)
50𝑥 400
=
50 50
x = 8 Therefore, at the rate of 50kph Marlon can arrived at
the same direction in just 8 hours.

POST TEST:

1. A
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. B

SOURCES/REFERENCE

Lopez-Mariano, Norma D. Business Mathematics. Manila. Rex Book Store &

Inc.2016 Ed.
Teaching Guide for Senior High School BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
https://www.google.com
https://www.slideshare.net
http://www.math.com
http://www.hufsd.edu/assets/pdfs/academics/algebra_text/Chapter06.pdf
http://www.teacherspaysteachers.com
https://study.com/academy/practice/quiz-worksheet-proportion-
problems.html
www.freemathhelp.com
www.ck12.org
https://www.math-only-math.com/proportion-problems.html
https://mathinsight.org/definition/variable
https://www.basic-mathematics.com/proportion-word-problems.html