Palestine Polytechnic University

College of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Thermal Lap

Exp1. Linear heat conduction

Lab instructor
Eng. Saif Shabaneh

Student group
Abed-Alwahhab Abu-Zainah
Amro Nabhan
Issa Khleif

March 8, 2021
Objective (Introduction)
The goal of the linear thermal conductivity experiment is to measure the
linear thermal conductivity, and to validate the fundamental laws of heat
transfer by conduction through a solid.
So, to measure the temperature distribution with stable conduction of
energy we do it with a uniform flat wall.
To show the result and effect of the change in heat flux.

Method
First, we make sure that the two devices are set up (as in Figure 1) by
placing the (linear thermal conduction) device alongside (the HT10X
heat transfer unit) on the workbench.

Figure (1).
We make sure the connections of the thermal probes (T1-T8) (to the
special unit).

We present the electric heater and connect it to the special unit and
wait for the device a little while it is ready, knowing that there are
(temperature readings that do not work) and they are (T4, T5)).
 We set (Voltage Control) in (Voltage) to the minimum, then connect
the power cord from (Linear Thermal Conductivity Device) to the
specified socket (O / P3) behind (Heat Transfer Unit).
We set (the voltage to 13 volts) by following (Table 1) to take a
reading of the current at this voltage, and so on for the values of (15 and
18 volts) as in table (1).
From the second device we record the temperature readings (from T1
to T8 except for T4 and T5). And register it in table (1).
After extracting all the unknowns from the two devices, we find (Q
values) using the following laws:
We find the value of Heat flow (power to heater) by using:
𝑸𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕 = 𝑰 ∗ 𝑽_______(𝟏)
Where (V is the heater voltage {votls} and I is the heater current
{Amps}).
Determine the heat transfer rate per unit time (Q) by using:
∆𝑻
𝑸 = 𝑲𝑨 ∗ _______(𝟐)
∆𝑿
And for (Q∆Thot) and (Q∆Tcold) by:
𝑻𝟏 − 𝑻𝟑
𝑸𝒉𝒐𝒕 = 𝑲𝑨 ∗ ___(𝟑)
𝟎. 𝟎𝟑
𝑻𝟔 − 𝑻𝟖
𝑸𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒅 = 𝑲𝑨 ∗ _____(𝟒)
𝟎. 𝟎𝟑
𝑤
Where (K is constant = 120 ) and (A is the area of the linear heat
𝑚.℃
𝝅
device and it’s 𝑨 = 𝑫𝟐 where D is the diameter and it’s known for us
𝟐
= 0.0025 meter).
 T1 and T3 is the heated section high/low temperatures.
T6 and T8 is the heated section high/low temperatures.
∆𝑋 Is the thickness or the distance between thermocouples (T1 and
T3 / T6 and T8), and its equal 0.03 meter as shown in figure (2) below.

Figure (2).
Results
# V I Qheat T1 T3 T6 T7 T8 Qhot Qcold
1 13V 1.32A 17.16W 40.8C 11.5C 21.7C 17.9C 14.6C 57.5W 17.85W
2 15V 1.52A 22.8W 51.2C 12.2C 25.5C 20.5C 16.1C 76.5W 18.44W
3 18V 1.81A 32.58W 78.6C 12.6C 31.3C 24.4C 18.2C 107.9W 25.7W
Table (1).
By applying to case 1:
𝑄ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡 = 𝑉 ∗ 𝐼 = 13 ∗ 1.32 = 17.16 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡
𝜋
𝐴 = 𝐷2 = 1.570 ∗ (0.025)2 = 9.817 ∗ 10−4
2
𝑇1 − 𝑇3 40.8 − 11.5
𝑄ℎ𝑜𝑡 = 𝐾𝐴 ∗ = 120 ∗ 9.817 ∗ 10−4 ∗ = 57.5 𝑊
0.03 0.03
 𝑇6 − 𝑇8 21.7 − 14.6
𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 = 𝐾𝐴 ∗ = 120 ∗ 9.817 ∗ 10−4 ∗ = 17.8𝑊
0.03 0.03
Discussion
1. Define the thermal conductivity (k) for materials?
Thermal conductivity (often referred to as k) refers to a
material's ability to transfer or conduct heat. It is one of the three
methods of heat transfer, and the other two methods are
(convection and radiation). Heat transfer processes can be
quantified in terms of appropriate rate equations. The rate equation
in this heat transfer mode is based on (Fourier law) for heat
conduction.
4. The heating section and cooling section are located co-axially
inside plastic housings which provide an air gap. Why?
Because air acts as an insulator.
5 and 6.
Conclusion
We deduced how the flow of heat through a flat wall causes the
temperature difference and the temperature varies linearly with distance.
(For the wall of constant conductivity and the constant cross-section
area, the temperature gradient is directly proportional to the heat flow
rate.

Reference
1. Sider Kh, Thermal LAB (2013). Hebron, Palestine.