His grandparents on the maternal side both died because of old age and they did

not have any history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory diseases and cancer.
On his paternal side, his grandfather’s cause of death was unknown while her
grandmother died because of childbirth.

A. History of Present illness

He was then admitted last August 17, 2008 with a chief complain of difficulty of
breathing and had an admitting diagnosis of Bronchopneumonia and Acute
Gastroenteritis.

B. Physical Examination

August 22. 2008

General appearance: Patient appears weak and is conscious to time, place and person.
He is afebrile with vital signs taken and recorded as follows:
VS: BP= 130/70 mmHg; PR=104 bpm; RR= 20 bpm;
T=36.9 C/Axilla

Skin: Uniform in color, good skin turgor, pale, no edema, with skin rashes
Skull: Round, symmetrical, normocephalic, absence of nodules and masses
Face: Symmetrical, absence of nodules and masses
Eyes: Round and symmetrical, equally distributed eyelashes and eyebrows, no
discoloration on eyelids, eyelids close symmetrically, blinks involuntarily, pale
conjunctiva
Ears: Symmetrical with no discharges, auricles aligned with the outer canthus of the eye
Nose: Symmetrical and straight, both nares are patent, no tenderness
Mouth: Dry and pale lips
Neck: With palpable modules on the left side of the neck, jugular veins are not
distended, neck muscles are equal in size
Chest/Lungs: Has symmetrical chest expansion, presence of rales on both lung fields
upon auscultation
Abdomen: Slightly globular in shape, with 18 bowel sounds per minute, presence of
resonance upon percussion
Extremities: Equal in size and length, absence of edema, both lower and upper
extremities move with coordination, with pale nailbeds

August 23, 2008

General Appearance: Patient is awake, coherent and conscious to time, place and
person. He is afebrite with vital signs taken and recorcded as follws:
VS: BP=110/70 mmhg; Pr=95 bpm; rr=21 bpm; T=36.9 C/axilla
Skin: Uniform in color, good skin turgor, pale, no edema, with skin rashes
Skull: Round, symmetrical, normocephalic, absence of nodules and masses
Face: Symmetrical, absence of nodules and masses
Eyes: Round and symmetrical, equally distributed eyelashes and eyebrows, no
discoloration on eyelids, eyelids close symmetrically, blinks involuntarily, pale
conjunctiva
Ears: Symmetrical with no discharges, auricles aligned with the outer canthus of the eye
Nose: Symmetrical and straight, both nares are patent, no tenderness
Mouth: Dry and pale lips
Neck: With palpable modules on the left side of the neck, jugular veins are not
distended, neck muscles are equal in size
Chest/Lungs: Has symmetrical chest expansion, presence of rales on both lung fields
upon auscultation
Abdomen: Slightly globular in shape, with 15 bowel sounds per minute, presence of
resonance upon percussion
Extremities: Equal in size and length, absence of edema, both lower and upper
extremities move with coordinatio
Problem No. 2 Impaired Gas Exchange
Assessment Nursing Scientific Planning Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Explanation Intervention

S= patient may Impaired Gas Community- Short Term : > Perform a complete > Because airway Short Term :
verbalize Exchange Acquired Pneumonia respiratory inflammation and mucous The patient
“magkasakit ku related to is defined as a lower After 8hours of assessment ; accumulation, pneumonia shall be
mangisnawa inflamed respiratory tract Nursing respiratory rate, can cause fluid in the relieved from
ampo agad ku lung tissue infection of the lungs Interventions, rhythm, chest lungs and increase the dyspnea by
papagal gang and parenchyma with the patient will expansion, ease of work of breathing, participating
maglakad consolidation onset in the be relieved breathing, use of resulting in impaired gas in breathing
kumu.” of mucous / community or during from dyspnea accessory muscles, exchange. These exercise,
ffluid in thre first 2days of by participating pursed lip breathing, assessment provide data effective
specific lung hospitalization. in breathing breath sounds, use for planning coughing and
O=Patient lobes Pneumonia occurs exercises, mucous Interventions and use of oxygen
Manifested the preventing when the offending effective expectoration, assessing progress. as evidenced
following : transfer of organism stimulate coughing and perioral cyanosis, Sputum cultures identify by absence of
gases across inflammatory use of oxygen tachypnea, dyspnea, the causative organisms, nasal flaring,
>difficulty of the alveolar response the defense as evidenced pulse oximetry and arterial blood gases shortness of
breathing capillary mechanism of the by absent of monitor laboratory demonstrate decreased breath, easy
cellular lung lo9se nasal flaring, and diagnostic oxygen concentration, fatigability.
>nasal flaring membrane effectiveness and shortness of procedures such as chest x-ray will confirm Etc.
 allow organisms to breath, easy sputum cultures, the presence of fluid in the
>shortness of penetrate the sterile, fatigability, etc. complete blood lungs or areas of
breath/ lower respiratory count, arterial blood consolidation
exertional tract, where gases, etc.
discomfort inflammation Long Term : Long Term :
develops. > Obtain subjective
>with presence Inflammation occurs After 1 to 3 data from the patient > knowledge of the patient The patient
shall have an
of crackles on due to colonization of days of or significant other, respiratory status
improved
both lung lobes offending Nursing including history of contributes to information ventilation
and adequate
upon organization wherein Interventions, chronic respiratory that can assist in
oxygenation
auscultation there is the release of the patient will disease and history of determination other factors of lung tissue
as evidenced
chemical mediators, have an smoking that may have contributed
by normal
> with non attraction of improved to pneumonia or influence arterial blood
gases, clear
productive neutrophils, ventilation and > Assist patient to its treatment
Breathing
cough accumulation of adequate semi fowler’s sounds,
absence of
fibrinous exudates, oxygenation of position > Sitting upright allows
purulent
> easy red blood cells and lung tissue as the diaphragm to descend, discharges,
etc.
fatlgability macrophages. These evidenced by resulting in easier
would in turn trigger normal arterial >Take temperature breathing
> Patient hooked erythema swelling, blood gases, every 4 hours
to O2 therapy 2-
edema and patient will > Infectious processes can
3 LPM
stimulation of nerve have a clear cause an increase body
Patient may fibers, leading to breath sounds, > Provide comfort
manifest the pain. Goblet cells will absence of measures change temperature
following : increase mucus purulent linen or clothing
production in attempt discharge >Following temperature
>abnormal blood to dilute amd wash spikes, linen and clothing
gases / arterial
away offending may become saturated
ptt ( hypoxia,
increase CO2 ) organisms out of the with perspiration
respiratory tract. > Encourage
>Diaphoresis
Inflamed fluid-filler adequate fluid intake > Helps thin and liquefy
>Tachycardia
alveolar sacs cannot to 2000 cc/day secretions
> abnormal rate exchange O2 and
rhythm, depth of
CO2 effectively > Assess mucous
breathing
leading to hypoxia of amount, color
the lung tissue and a consistency. >Helps to detect
> abnormal skin
color (pale, significant improving status of
dusty)
ventilation-perfusion pneumonia, amount should
> abnormal mismatch be decreasing and
capillary refill
viscosity should be
>Restlessness thinning following
interventions; green,
>Confusion
brown or purulent mucus
>O2 saturation
indicate continued
of less than 90%
presence of pneumonia
>fever
>Encourage coughing
 and deep breathing

with mucous >Coughing and deep
O2
expectoration breathing cause alveoli to
open and loosen mucous
to help clear the airways
> Provide chest
physiotherapy

postural drainage, >Loosen mucous plugs
chest percussion and thus increasing are
vibration available for gas exchange

> Elevate head of bed

> Encourage frequent > To maintain airway

position changes patency

> Encourage >Promotes optimal chest

adequate rest and expansion and drainage of
limit activities to with secretion
in patient tolerance.
Promote calm and > Helps limit oxygen
restful environment needs/ consumption
 > Administer oxygen
as ordered

>Pneumonia increased
mucous production and
fluid retention in lungs
which decreases adequate
gas exchange;
>Administer supplemental oxygen
antibiotic as ordered provides additional
and monitor for side oxygen for tissue
effects. oxygenation

Ado
>Helps to stop the
proliferation of
microorganisms
Problem No. 3 Ineffective Breathing Pattern
Assessment Nursing Scientific Planning Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Explanation Intervention
S= patient may Ineffective Community- Short Term : > Assess respiratory > Any of this Short Term :
verbalize breathing Acquired is a disease system by noting abnormalities would
“Magkasakit ku pattern process involving After 4 hours respiratory rate, depth indicate the studies of the The patient
mangisnawa.” related to inflammation of lung of Nursing chest expansion, respiratory system and shall have a
thick tissue. It typically Interventions, breath sounds, progression of disease; normal
tenacious results when the patient shall arterial blood gases, also establishes a baseline respiratory
O=Patient secretions in microorganisams have a normal etc. comparison rate, rhythm,
Manifested the the bronchi enter the normally respiratory rate, depth of
following : due to sterile lungs from the rhythm, depth >maximizes thoracic breathing and
inflammation nasopharynx and and reports a > Assist Patient in cavity space, decreases relief from
>difficulty of of lung tissue produces shortness of assuming a high- pressure from diaphragm shortness of
breathing inflammation of the breath as fowler’s position or and abdominal organs breath as
lung parenchyma. evidence by position of choice and facilitates use of evidence by
>shortness of Because of the decrease RR such as leaning accessory muscles decrease RR
breath on inflammation of the from 38 cpm to forward or over bed from 38 cpm
exertion, alveoli are filed with 16-20 cpm table >help to improve to 16-20 cpm
paleness fluid and mucus and hydration status and
oxygen and carbon > Increase oral fluids decrease secretions.
>RR of 38 cpm dioxide exchange Long Term : to 2000-3000 ml/day
with shallow, cannot take place at a as tolerated
rapid breathing alveolar capillary After 2 days of > mobilizes thick
cellular membrane Nursing > Provide chest secretions, and facilitates
 level due to blood Interventions, physiotherapy, clearing of lung fields.
>use of flow decreases the patient shall bronchial tapping,
supraclavicular (deceased perfusion be free from vibration, etc. Long Term :
muscles for of blood in the any signs and >patient with pneumonia The patient
shall be free
respiration as lungs)and leukocytes symptoms of >Assist with may lack sufficient
from any signs
well as shoulder and fibrin consolidate hypoxia as activities of daily oxygen reserves to and symptoms
of hypoxia as
muscles in the affected part of evidenced by living as required perform activites; even
evidenced by
the lung due to a normal ABG, eating may cause severe normal ABG,
etc.
> ć non- decreased blood flow etc. dyspnea
productive there is a decreased
cough supply of oxygen to > Knowing how to
other tissues leading control shortness of
> with presence to ineffective > Teach patient how breath will help cope and
of rales on both breathing pattern to decrease have optimal functioning
lung lobe upon shorthness of breath
chest by restructuring
auscultation activities > Preventing spread of
easily infection and subsequent
fatigability >Teach pulmonary hospitalization
hygiene; prevention
Patient may of spread of infection
manifest the
following : >Provide humidified >Provide some
 low flow of oxygen supplemental oxygen to
>severe dyspnea as ordered improve oxygenation and
to make secretions less
> sitting up viscous
leaning forward,
hands on knees
>Administer >Enhances expectoration
bronchodilators and of secretions of
>Abnormal
blood gases expectorants previously ineffective
cough
> abnormal
inspiratory
or/and
expiratory ration >Helps to prevent or
> Administer eradicate infections to
> pursed lip
breathing antibiotics as ordered reduce secretions and to
end to inflammation
> altered chest
excursion

>hypoxia
(Confusion,
restlessness,
decreased vital
capacity)
Problem No. 4 Hyperthermia
Assessment Nursing Scientific Planning Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Explanation Intervention

S= patient may Hyperthermia CAP is the Short Term : > Monitor body core >To have a baseline data Short Term :
verbalize inflammation of the temperature The patient’s
“Mapali ku lung parenchyma due After 4 hours >Evaporation is body
panandman .” to offending of Nursing >Note presence or decreased by temperature
organisms, Interventions, absence of sweating environmental factors of shall have
inflammatory lung the patient’s as body attempts to high humidity and high decreased
O=Patient response will be body increase heat loss by ambient temperature as from 38oC to
Manifested the stimulated leading to temperature evaporation, well as the body factors 37oC.
following : the release of will decrease conduction, diffusion producing loss of ability
chemical mediators from 38oC to to sweat
>flushed skin that would increase 37 C. o

blood flow to the >Promote heat loss by

>skin is warm to lung tissues leading > promote surface radiation, conduction and
touch to erythema, cooling by means of evaporation
 swelling, pain, and loose clothing; cool
> increased RR increased body Long Term : environment/fan;
temperature that cool/tepid sponge Long Term :
> Diaphoresis would reset the After 24 hours bath local icepack
The patient
hypothalamus which of Nursing especially in the
shall have
Patient may is the major center for Interventions, axilla and groin maintained a
normal body
manifest the regulation of body the patient will
temperature
following : temperature maintain a > Review signs and >indicates need for during
hospitalization
normal body symptoms of prompt interventions
s and be free
>Convulsions temperature hyperthermia from any
complications
during
> Hypotension of pneumonia.
hospitalizations >Encourage the > to increase resistance
>Fluid and
and be free patient to take
electrolyte
imbalance from any vitamin C in the diet
complications such as citrus fruits,
of pneumonia. etc.
> To prevent dehydration
>Discuss importance
of adequate fluid
intake
>To reduce metabolic
>Maintain bed rest demands/ oxygen
 consumption

>Provide high- > to meet increased

calorie diet metabolic demands

>Provide >To offset increased

supplemental oxygen oxygen demand and
consumption
>administer anti-
pyretics as ordered >To control shivering and
seizure

Problem No. 5 Activity Intolerance

Assessment Nursing Scientific Planning Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Explanation Intervention

S= patient may Activity The onset of Short Term : > Obtain subjective >Helps to determine the Short Term :
verbalize Intolerance pneumonia is data from patient effects of pneumonia on
“magkasakit ku related to generally marked by After 4 hours regarding normal the patient’s ability to be The patient
mangisnawa increased fever, dyspnea, and of Nursing activities prior to active. shall be able to
ampo mimingal oxygen shortness of breath Interventions, onset of pneumonia; perform
ku gan demand with and easy fatigability the patient is monitor for labored activities of
maglakad activity and that may lead to able to perform breathing, fatigue and >If increased physical daily living
kumu.” hypoxia (lack inability to perform activities of exhaustion. activity causes shortness without
of oxygen activities of daily daily living of breath, activity should shortness of
O=Patient supply with living. without > Reduce level of be reduced until breath such as
Manifested the oxygen shortness of activity as required in oxygenation is adequate. doing personal
following : demand) Due to the breath such as response to shortness hygiene, etc.
accumulation of thick doing personal of breath.
> appears weak tenacious mucous in hygiene, etc. > Conserves energy and
the alveoli altering reduces oxygen demand
> poor skin gas exchange > Assist with patients with pneumonia
turgor ( oxygen and carbon activities as needed. lack enough oxygen
dioxide) between the reserves to perform Long Term :
>pale nail beds alveoli And Long Term : activities independently.
The patient
>Pace activities and
shall states
After 24 hours encourage periods of >It conserves energy. that he is
comfortable
> easy of Nursing rest and activity
with activity
fatigability Interventions, during the day. performance
and shortness
the patient > Use the result to
of breath is
states that he is indicate when the activity improved
following
> non- comfortable may be increased or
productive with activity decreased. cessation of
activity, and
cough performance > Monitor VS and
the patient’s
and shortness oxygen saturation > Activities should be RR returns to
baseline
>shortness of of breath is before and after increased gradually, as
within 5
breath during improved activity. tolerated, to avoid over minutes.
activities following taxing the patient.
cessation of
> RR of 38 activity, and > Gradually increase
cpm, with the patient’s activity as tolerated > Physical activity
shallow, rapid RR returns to and share guidelines increases endurance and
breathing baseline within for progression with stamina; following
5 minutes. patient. pneumonia, return to
normal activity may take
Patient may time.
manifest the > Discuss with the
following : patients activities that
would be appropriate > This indicate
>Inability to once at home that intolerance to activity and
perform
would be within the the level of activity
physical
activities patient’s activity should be evaluated.
tolerance.
> level I
functional level
classification
( walk, regular
> Iron has a role in
phase, on level
indefinitely; > Inform the patient oxygen transport and
one flight or
to stop any activity increases energy level.
more but more
shortness of that produces
breath than
shortness of breath. >To prevent injuries.
normal)

>labored
> Encourage intake >Improves oxygenation
breathing
of foods high in iron and provides oxygen
>physical
and good source of reserves to be used with
exhaustion
energy such as lean increased demand.
>oxygen
meat, legumes which
saturation less
than 90% are rich in protein.


phy
> Assist patient to
learn and demonstrate
appropriate safety
measures.
> Have the patient
use oxygen
immediately prior to
activity in the acute
setting, as ordered.
2. Actual SOAPIERs
August 22, 2008
S= Ø
O= Received patient supine on bed, conscious & coherent; with an IVF no. 10 of D5NM
1l at 550 cc level, regulated at 31-32 qtts/min, infusing well on the left dorsal metacarpal
vein
 Vs taken and recorded are as follows: BP= 130/70 mmHg; PR=104 bpm;
RR=20bpm; T=36.9C/axilla
 Patient appears weak
 With pale conjunctiva and nailbeds
 With dry lips and buccal mucosa
 With symmetrical chest expansion
 With non-productive cough
 With rales upon auscultation on both lungs
 Capillary refill of <3sec
A= Ineffective airway clearance r/t retained secretions secondary to COPD AEB rales
upon auscultation and non-produce cough
D= After 1 hr of NI, the patient will demonstrate behaviors to improve/maintain clear
airway
I= • Establish Rapport
 Monitored and recorded VS
 Identifies presence of dyspnea, cyanosis, and hemoptysis
 Auscultated wealth sounds
 Observe for signs of respiratory distress
 Measured capillary refill
 Encouraged patient to perform breathing/coughing exercises and pursed-lip
breathing
 Encouraged patient to change positions every two hours
 Instructed patient to increase fluid intake with SAP
 Encouraged and provided adequate rest periods
 Instructed to limit activities to level of respiratory tolerance
 Encouraged patient to permanently quit smoking
 Encouraged patient to eat nutritious foods
E= Goal met AEB patient’s demonstration of coughing exercise and pursed-lip breathing
and position changes.

August 23, 2008

S= “Agad kung susunga.” as verbalized by the patient
O= Received patient supine on bed, conscious and coherent; with an IVF no. 12 of
D5NM 1L at 150 cc level regulated at 31-32 qtts/min infusing well on the left dorsal
metacarpal vein
 VS taken and recorded are as follows: Bp=110/70 mmhg; PR-95 bpm; RR=21
bpm; T=36.9 C/axilla
 Patient appears weak
 With pail conjunctiva and nailbeds
 With productive coughs, yellowish in color
 With rales on both lungs upon auscultation
 Capillary refill of <3sec
 Patient reports fatigue and weakness
A= Activity intolerance r/t imbalanced between oxygen supply and demand AEB pallor,
fatigue and Weakness
P= After 1hr of NI, the patient will participate willingly in necessary activities within the
level of own ability
I= • Established Rapport
 Monitored and recorded VS
 Noted presence of factors contributing to fatigue
 Evaluated current limitations/degree of deficit in light of usual status.
 Noted client reports of weakness, fatigue, pain, difficulty accomplishing tasks or
insomia
 Assessed emotional/psychological factors affecting the current situation
 Adjusted activities to prevent overexertion
 Taught method to conserve energy.
 Encouraged rest periods during /between activities to reduce fatigue
 Assisted with activities
 Promoted comfort measures
 Instructed patient on appropriate safety measures to prevent injuries
  Provided information about the effect of lifestyle and overall health factors on
activity tolerance
E= Goal Met AEP patient’s participation in activities within the level of his own ability.
IV. CLIENT’S DAILY PROGRESS IN THE HOSPITAL

Admission Discharged

17 25
18 19 20 21 22 23 24

NURSING PROBLEMS
Ineffective Airway Clearance Φ
Impaired Gas Exchange Φ
Ineffective breathing Pattern Φ
Hyperthermia Φ Φ
Activity Intolerance Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ

VITAL SIGNS
Temperature 38.7 37.6 36.2 36.4 36.3 36.9 36.8 36.6 36.4
Pulse Rate 90 80 79 76 90 90 95 80 82
Respiratory Rate 38 24 24 20 26 24 21 20 20
Blood Pressure 120/80 120/70 120/70 110/80 120/70 10/70 110/80 110/70 130/100

LABORATORY / DIAGNOSIS
Chest X-ray Φ
Sputum AFB Φ Φ Φ
Blood Chemistry Φ
Complete BLood Count(CBC) Φ
Urinalysis Φ
Fecalysis Φ

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
PNSS 1L x 8 hours Φ Φ Φ Φ
D5LRS 1L x 8 hours Φ Φ
D5NM 1L x 8 hours Φ Φ Φ
Nebulization Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
O2 Therapy Φ Φ Φ Φ

DRUGS
Cefuroxime 750 mg TID Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
Combivent neb q 6 hours Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
Paracetamol 500mg Tab q 4 Φ Φ
RTC
Loperamide 1 Tab for loose stool Φ
Carbocesteine 500mg 1 cap TID
Furosemide 20 mg IV now then q Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
12 ć BP precaution
Azithromycin 500 mg Tab 1 tab Φ Φ Φ Φ
OD x 3 days
Ceftriaxone 1gm IV q 12 ANST
(-) Φ Φ Φ
Sinecod 1 Tab TID
Ventoline Expectorant Capsule 1 Φ
cap TID
Φ Φ Φ
DIET Φ Φ
Soft

Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ
2 DISCHARGE PLANNING
a. General Condition of Client Upon Discharge
Patient was not assessed upon discharge but was noted to have recovered.
b.
S= 
O= Received patient on bed on supine position, conscious and coherent
 VS taken and recorded as follows: T: 36.4C PR: 82bpm RR: 20bpm
BP: 130/100mmHg.
 Patient appears good and afebrile.
A= For home maintenance and management.
P= After 2 hrs of nursing interventions patient will be able to verbalize
understanding given prior to discharge.
I= M> Ciprofloxacin 500mg/cap BID x 7 days.
> Salbutamol tab 2mg BID
> Ansimar neb/1 tab ½ BID.
E> Deep Breathing Exercises
> Coughing Exercises
> Limit activities and have rest periods.
T> IV fluids and medications.
H> Encourage d to keep environment allergen free.
> Encouraged warm versus cold liquids as appropriate.
> Provided information about the necessity of raising and expectorating
secretions versus swallowing them.
> Encouraged to have rest periods and limit activities to level of
respiratory tolerance.
> Encouraged to have a monthly check-up.
> Encouraged to stop smoking.
> Demonstrated pursed lip or diaphragmatic breathing techniques.
> discussed rationale for and encourage continuation of successful
interventions.
O> Advised patient to have a Follow-up check-up after one week.
D> Increased oral fluid intake.
> High calorie, high protein diet of soft foods.
E= Goal Met AEB patient verbalized understanding of the health teachings give
CONCLUSION

Community- Acquired Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases

addressed by clinician’s cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide

In the case of Mr. CAP, the disease was caused primarily by personal and environmental
factors such as cigarette smoking, lack of vaccinations during childhood years, job exposure to
pathogens, and other factors. This lead to the development of the disease and lack of action on the
part of the caretakers. Mr. CAP manifested difficulty of breathing, productive cough, crackles on
both lung fields, wheezing and angina pectoris

Through these manifestations different laboratory and diagnostic procedures that would
confirm and support the admitting diagnosis were performed. Different results have been taken
out such as to consider illness such as PTB, AGE and Atelectasis which have been ruled out and
the hospital final diagnosis was Community- Acquired Pneumonia.

The result played an essential part on the part of the patient. Since the family has no
information about the signs and symptoms of the disease they will now be aware on those things
in order to prevent this illness.

Years have passed and still these diseases are present especially with developing
countries. The solution is simple but needs great discipline to make it concrete. A clean
surrounding will definitely boost our chances of invading such disease condition.

The group strongly recommends that further studies are to be done to clear out other
vague information and misconceptions regarding this disease.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Information dissemination is the most important factor in this study. In the ongoing
battle against the pneumonia and its different types, the turning point is the ability of the
people to recognize the signs and symptoms of the disease as well as the ability of the
existing health sector to respond immediately about the incidence. With these, the group
formulated the following recommendations in order to maternalize this vision of
emancipation from Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Since pneumonia is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the
Philippines, the Department of Health as the major arm of the Government when it comes to
health together with the other sectors of the society, allied medical professionals both in the
government or private sectors, must work and in hand arresting the incidence and prevalence
of pneumonia in the country. The programs of these sectors should not only focus on the
treatment but more importantly on the preventive aspect. Department of health must also
conduct studies on the incidence, prevalence of the disease so as to mitigate its occurrence.

Community Health Workers must make an effort to update their data about the
incidence, prevalence of the disease by doing studies, research and surveys. This should be
done periodically. They should do medical mission and target the vulnerable sectors of the
society. Members of the Health care team must gear themselves by continual education about
the disease so as to properly diagnose and manage of pneumonia in the community level.

Since family members are the one who are always in contact with the other members
of the family, they are the better position of monitoring the health of everyone. They should
promote then health of each member so as o prevent any progression of the disease like
Community- Acquired Disease. Acting in a swift manner regarding signs and symptoms of
the disease, is very important. This may empower everyone and fulfil the goal of the
Department of Health which is “Health in the hands of the people by 2020.”
VIII. BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOK SOURCES:

Smeltzer, et. al. Medical-Surgical Nursing: 11th Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2008

DeglinHopfer, Valierant, Nazorel. Davis’ Drug Guide for Nurses: 10 th Edition. F.A. Davis
Company, Philadelphia. 2007

Doenges, et. al. Nurses Pocket Guide: Diagnosis, Prioritized Interactions and Rationales: 10 th
Edition. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia

McCance, et. al. Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease Adul and Children: 4 th Edition.
2002

Schilling, et. al. Nursing Process Approach To Excellent Care: 4the Edition. Lippincott Williams
and Wilkins. 2006

ONLINE SOURCES:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/475218
http://www.emedicine.com/MEDtopic3162.htm
http://www.utmedicalcenter.org/encyclopedia/1/000145.htm
http://www.mims.com/
http://www.doh.gov.ph/data_stat/html/mortality.htm
http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/p/pneumonia/prevalenve.htmtypes
http://www.lungusa.org/site/c.dvLUK900E/b.22576/K.7FFF/Human_Respiratory_System.htm