Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fdocuments - in Itt Projectdoc
Fdocuments - in Itt Projectdoc
SOUMYA SHUKLA
CRO0282401
BATCH NO.59
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
THIS PROJECT IS ASSIGNED TO ME
DURING THE ITT PROGRAM, BY MY
COMPUTER TEACHERS (“MR
SAURABH BHATIA” & “MR
VIKRANT KAPOOR ”) I’M HIGHLY
THANKFUL TO THEM, BECAUSE
WITHOUT THIER PROPER & SMOOTH
GUIDENCE I WOULDN’T HAVE BEING
WORTHWHILE TO COMPLETE THIS
PROJECT.
PREFACE
I AM THANKFUL TO MY COMPUTER
TEACHERS FOR GIVING ME THESE TOPICS
WHICH INCREASE THE KNOWLEDGE OF MY
PRACTICAL WORK.
“INDEX”
CONTENTS PAGE
MS word
1. Mail Merge 4-11
2. Page Margins 12-17
MS Excel
1. Introduction 18-20
2. Charts 21-30
3. Formula 31-49
MS Access
3
1. Creating Tables 50-54
2. Keys 55-62
Tally 9
1. Introduction to Tally 63
2. Service Tax 64-79
3. Illustration 80-85
INTRODUCTION:-
When we talk of information, it
also includes numbers, figures &
calculations etc. And like other fields,
calculations etc. have also benefited
greatly with the advancement of
computers and software. The most
important software involving calculations
is spreadsheet.
5
“ Spreadsheet”
A spreadsheet is meant for the software
package & a worksheet is a work file
created with a spreadsheet software.
A. CELL REFRENCING
IN WORKSHEETS:-
Each cell in the worksheet has a
unique address formed by the combination
of its intersecting column & rows. When a
cell-address is referred during the
calculation. There are three cell
referencing styles in a worksheet. These
styles are:
1. Relative Referencing,
6
2. Absolute Referencing,
3. Mixed Referencing.
1. Relative referencing:-
When a formula is created, the
cell references & the ranges that it
contains are usually based upon their
position relative to the cell containing the
formula.
7
Here the cell E5 contains the formula
C5*D5 (in Ms-Excel worksheet). Now this
formula is interpreted internally in terms
of positions of the participating cells (C6
& D6) relative to the cell containing the
formula.
2. Absolute referencing:-
To create an absolute cell reference,
put a $(Dollar) sign before the parts of the
formula (column & row) that you want to
keep absolute.
If you copy a formula containing
absolute cell address then, only the relative
cell address update & the absolute cell
addresses remain the Same.
8
That is, if a formula in F6 is=D10*$D$15,
then wherever we copy the formula, only
the relative cell address D10 will change
to the destination.
3. MIXED
REFERENCING:-
A cell address contains two parts – column
letter and row numbers. To create a
MIXED REFERENCING put a $ sign
before one part i.e., either before column
letter or before row number, this would be
9
mixed referencing wherein a part of cell is
relative and other is absolute.
B. CHARTS IN MS-
EXCEL
Charts are the pictorial representation of
worksheet data. Charts present worksheet
10
data in graphical or pictorial form, which
is easier to read and understand. Charts
help to evaluate the worksheet data and
analyze them conveniently that otherwise
may be very difficult to spot in the
worksheet. MS EXCEL support many
types of charts.
1. Area chart
2. Column chart
3. Bar chart
4. Line chart
5. Pie chart
6. Scatter chart
13
5. After move to step 3 of 4 chart options,
first of all click at TITLES tab to specify
the various titles of chart. That is, the chart
title, X-axis title (category title), Y-axis
(value) etc.
14
6. Now we have reached at the last step of
chart creation. As we see, a new dialog
box is in front of us: CHART WIZARD –
step 4 of 4 CHART LOCATION. Specify
the chart location here i.e., select one of
the two options: Place chart (a) as new
sheet or (b) as object (in a worksheet).
15
And finally after all this, click finish
button to finish the chart creation process.
The moment we click finish, we will be
able to see the chart that we have created.
16
INTRODUCTION ABOUT MS
WORD
17
FEATURES OF WORD
PROCESSORS
1. Word Wrap
2. Deleting Text
3. Inserting Text
4. Type over
5. Moving and copying text
6. Spell Checking
7. Appearance
8. Alignment
9. Justification
10. Tables
11. File Management
A. PARAGRAPH FORMATTING:-
18
The paragraph formatting is one factor that
contributes the most to the final
appearance of the document. A paragraph
in word processor is any text or items
followed by paragraph mark.
The paragraph formatting involves
controlling the appearance of text in a
paragraph. Some aspects that contribute in
paragraph formatting are:
1. Text alignment
2. Paragraph indentation
3. Line spacing
4. Spacing between paragraphs
5. Borders and shading
6. Tab stops
1. TEXT ALLIGNMENT:
The ms-word offers four types of
text alignments viz. left alignment, right
alignment, centered and justified.
To align a paragraph in desired
manner firstly select the paragraph and
19
choose the desired alignment from
formatting toolbar.
2. PARAGRAPH INDENTATION IN
WORD:-
To indent a paragraph in a word
document, select the paragraph and from
the paragraph dialog box, set the indent for
the paragraph. We can choose first line
indent / Hanging indent and we can also
20
specify negative indent if we give indent
measurements in negatives.
For negative indentation, type the indent
measurement in negative i.e. -0.5”.
21
Alternatively, we can increase or decrease
indent by clicking the ‘increase indent’ /
‘decrease indent’ button on the formatting
toolbar.
The moment you change the indents for a
paragraph, the indent markers on the
horizontal ruler line reflect it. We can even
drag indent markers on the rulers to set the
indent.
22
line spacing option in the paragraph dialog
box.
4. SPACING BETWEEN
PARAGRAPHS IN WORD:-
If we want to have some space before
and/or after a paragraph then instead of
pressing ENTER keys before and after,
use the paragraph dialog box to add space
before and/or after the paragraph. Type the
23
measurement for desired space before
and/or after the paragraph in the spacing
option of dialog box.
5. BORDERING IN WORD:-
24
desired border. But make sure that the
paragraph has been selected before this
Alternatively, we can click upon borders
and shading option of format menu. This
will display borders and shading dialog
box wherefrom we can choose the desired
type of borders colors, styles, widths etc.
6. TAB STOPS:-
25
The tabs are very useful keys that are used
for faster movement of the text cursor or
insertion point. The keyboard’s Tab key
moves the text
27
B. SECURITY FEATURES IN MS
WORD:
29
INTRODUCTION:-
30
The INTERNET also called as the net, is
the world’s largest network. It is not a
single network but a global interconnected
network of networks providing free
exchange of information.
31
The net delivers data from one place to
another. It provides interesting services
like E-MAIL, FILE RETRIVAL and other
internet tools. Several computers all over
the world are networked together. Unlike
other communications, internet provides
easy access to all. A new service or
software can be downloaded within a few
minutes. The net is expanding fast
providing new resources.
1. NETWORKING:-
32
NEED OF NETWORKING:-
34
1. It breaks the barriers of distance, cost
and time.
2. It is very cost effective as compared to
telephone networks.
3. All types of data viz. text, audio, video,
pictures, graphics etc.., can be transmitted
through it.
Components of Computer
Network:-
36
By communication channels of network, it
is meant the ‘connecting cables’ are being
talked about. The cables that connect two
or more workstations are the
communication channels.
MODEM:-
Modem is the device attached to
computers that can convert digital signals
to analog signal and vice-versa. Digital
Signal is a group of discrete electronic
units that are transmitted in rapid
succession, and an Analog Signal consists
of continuous
Electrical waves.
37
TYPES OF NETWORKING:-
39
(ii) Metropolitan area networks:-
40
(iii) Wide area network:-
41
B. ELECTRONIC MAIL
E-MAIL ADDRESS
43
name appears and after `@` the name of
Net server appears which hosts this e-mail
address.
Thus an e-mail address has two parts
separated by `@` (``at``) symbol.
(I). Username, On the left side
of @ separator is user name can not have
blanks.
(ii). Domain name for the host server.
The portion to the right of @ identified the
server host or network that services the e-
mail it is same time also called the e-mail
server.
E-mail Primer:-
47
Viewing Received Mails:-
Once we have created our E-mail account,
we can log in it & view our mail. Mail
feedback help us to view our messages,
our first message was sanded by the
applicant whose site we using. We can
easily see these messages in our inbox.
How we can do this quick follow these
steps:
48
2. And here we are successfully into our
E-mail account. We will see a list of
messages along with details like date,
from, subject, size etc..,
49
Sending mail:-
To send mail(s) first log in E-mail account
& then follow these steps:
1. After logging into our E-mail account
we need to compose button to compose a
new mail message to be sent.
50
2. In the compose message window, we
will see various fields, which are to be
used.
51
1. INTRODUCTION
2. FEATURES
4. EXPLANATION WITH
EXERCISE
52
INTRODUCTION:-
FEATURES:-
53
With the help of tally we are use all accounting
systems. Only we have to made entry in the
vouchers and the “TRIAL BALANCE”,
“PROFIT & LOSS A/C”, and “BALANCE-
SHEET” are automatically prepared. If we
want to make adjusting entry, the entry will be
made in journal voucher.
CREATING A COMPANY:-
54
For creating a company goes to the gateway of
tally and select CREATE COMPANY option.
55
And now we fill the form with some assuming
information.
56
The company has been successfully created
with the above information.
And now after creating a company we will be
reaching in the Gateway of Tally.
57
LEDGERS:-
We will select the accounts info from the
menu. And selecting the ledgers.
58
After selecting the ledgers the option of create,
display and alter will be open. From the option
create we can create the ledgers a/c, from the
option alter we can delete the ledgers and from
the option display we can display the ledgers.
LEDGER CREATION:-
For creating a ledger account:
59
(a) We select to create option from the above
screen.
(b) After selecting to create option we will
reach the screen of ledger creation.
(c) We can create any ledger from there.
(d) For creating a ledger a/c firstly we will
give the name of the ledger and then the group
of the ledger in which the ledger a/c will be
opened.
(e) And select yes for the required options.
(f) After this ledger a/c will be created.
60
Vouchers:-
(I) We will select the accounting info from the
gateway of tally.
(ii) Then the vouchers type and then create
option
61
Creation of Accounting Vouchers:-
62
(a) Specify the name of the voucher.
(b) We can select any predefined voucher types
in tally.
(c) We give the other information as per our
requirements like numbering could be
automatic or manual or none.
(d) Use common narration or not and the
other information in screen.
VOUCHER ENTRY:-
Generally financial transactions are entered
using the voucher entry option.
For voucher entry we will select the
Accounting Voucher from the gateway of tally.
63
Before vouchers entry we can customize the
voucher entry using key F12 i.e. configuration
settings.
For configuration settings we have to press
F12 key in the gateway of tally.
Then click on the voucher entry option and
then set the configurations.
64
65
TALLY’S VOUCHER TYPES:-
In the right side on the screen displays a list of
vouchers that may be utilized for entries.
66
STOCK CREATION:-
For creating stock firstly we have to set the
units of measure.
For setting the units of measure we have to go
to the INVENTORY INFO from the gateway
of tally.
67
After selecting units of measure options we have
to select create option.
68
After click on the create option we will be in
the screen of units creation.
For creating units:
(a) Give the type of the unit
(b) Give the name of the symbol
(c) And then the units of measures will be
created.
69
AFTER THIS WE WILL BE CREATE STOCK
ITEMS.
For creating the stock items we have to go to
the INVENTORY INFO from the gateway of
tally. Then select the STOCK ITEMS and then
select the create option.
70
After selecting the create option we have in the
screen of stock items creation.
71
And here we have to give the name of the stock
and other information according to the
requirements of the business.
72
EXERCISE
Best & Co. started a business of Home
appliances from 1.4.2002 & maintains his
accounts in tally with inventory.
1.4.2002 Received capital by cash
Rs.7,00,000/-
1.4.2002 Cash deposited in P.N.B
Rs.3,00,000/-
1.4.2002 Credit purchases from Brown Traders
as per Inv. No. 12
Samsung color T.V. 10
Nos.@Rs.25,000/-each
Ceiling fan 100
Nos.@Rs.800/-each
Table fan 100
Nos.@Rs.1,000/-each
Mixies 100
Nos.@Rs.1,500/-each
Grinders 100
Nos.@Rs.2,000/-each
1.4.2002 Cash purchases Brown traders as
per in voice No. 16
73
Samsung color T.V. 1
Nos.@Rs.24,000/-each
2.4.2002 Credit sales to rosewood traders as
per invoice No. 001
Samsung color T.V. 7 Nos.@Rs.30,000/-
each
Ceiling fan 70 Nos.@Rs.1,000/-
each
Table fan 70 Nos.@Rs.1,500/-
each
Mixies 70 Nos.@Rs.2,000/-
each
Grinders 70 Nos.@Rs.2,500/-
each
Plus TNGST 4% on total sales
2.4.2002 Cash sales as per invoice No. 002
Samsung color T.V. 2
Nos.@Rs.30,000/-each
Ceiling fan 15 Nos.@Rs.1,000/-
each
Table fan 15 Nos.@Rs.1,500/-
each
Mixies 15 Nos.@Rs.2,000/-
each
74
Grinders 15 Nos.@Rs.2,500/-
each
LEDGERS CRETION:
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
STOCKS CREATION:-
87
88
89
VOUCHERS CREATION:-
ALL THE VOUCHERS OF THE EXERCISE
ARE GIVEN BELOW:
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
AFTERTHESE TRANSACTION
WE PROCEED TO LOOK AT THE
TRIAL BALANCE AND
FINANCIAL REPORTS:-
TRIAL BALANCE:-
97
If we press ALT+F1 then we see the
description of the trial balance.
98
GENERATING REPORTS
PROFIT & LOSS A/C:-
99
If we press ALT+F1 then we will see the
description of the Profit & Loss A/C:-
BALANCE SHEET:
100
If we press ALT+F1 then we see the
description of the balance sheet.
STOCK SUMARY:-
101
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS TOOLS
Cash Flows:-
FUND FLOWS:-
102
RATIO ANALYSIS:-
***FINISHED***
103