PROF. ED.

8
Chapter 1: Shift of Educational focus from content
to learning outcomes

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

 Explain at least 3 characteristics of outcomes-based

education
 Distinguish among institutional outcomes, program
outcomes, course outcomes, course outcomes and
learning instructional outcome
 Formulate learning outcomes based on given
educational objectives
 Introduction

Education originated from the terms

“educare” or “educere” which meant” to
draw out”.
 In Centuries

Education is a “pouring in” process

wherein the teacher was the infallible
giver of knowledge and the student was
the recipient.
 Introduction

The focus of instruction was content and

subject matter
 Advent of
Technology

The teacher ceased to be the sole of source of

knowledge.

The students are surrounded with various sources

of facts and information accessible through user-
friendly technology.
 Advent of
Technology

The teacher has become a facilitator of knowledge

who assists in the organization, interpretation and
validation of acquired facts and information.
PROF. ED. 8
Lesson 1.1
Outcomes-Based
Education: Matching
Intentions with
Accomplishment
The change in Educational perspective is
called Outcomes Based-Based Education
(OBE)
 Three
characteristics of
OBE:

1. It is student centered; it places the

students at the center of the process
by focusing on Student Learning
Outcomes (SLO)
 Three
characteristics of
OBE:

2. It is faculty driven, it encourages

faculty responsibility for teaching,
assessing program outcomes and
motivating participation from the
students.
 Three
characteristics of
OBE:

3. It is meaningful, it provides data

to guide the teacher in making valid
and continuing improvement in
instruction and assessment
activities.
 To implement outcomes-based education on the
subject or course level, the following procedure is
recommended

1. Identification of the educational

objectives of the subject/course
 To implement outcomes-based education on the
subject or course level, the following procedure is
recommended

2. Listing of learning outcomes

specified for each subject/course
objective.
Learning outcomes are stated as
concrete active verbs such as: to
demonstrate, to explain, to
differentiate, to illustrate etc….
 To implement outcomes-based education on the
subject or course level, the following procedure is
recommended

A good source of learning outcomes

statements is the taxonomy of
educational objectives by Benjamin
S. Bloom
 Bloom’s taxonomy of
educational objectives

1. Cognitive, also calledknowledge,

refers to mental skills such as
remembering, understanding,
applying, analyzing, evaluating,
synthesizing/creating
 Bloom’s taxonomy of
educational objectives

2. Psychomotor, also referred to as

skills, includes manual or physical
skills, which proceed from mental
activities and range from simplest
to the complex such as observing,
imitating, practicing, adapting and
innovating
 Bloom’s taxonomy of
educational objectives

3. Affective, also known as attitude,

refers to growth in feelings or
emotions from the simplest
behavior to the most complex such
as receiving, responding, valuing,
organizing, and internalizing.
 To implement outcomes-based education on the
subject or course level, the following procedure is
recommended
3. Drafting outcomes assessment
procedure.
 This procedure will enable the teacher
to determine the degree to which the
students are attaining the desired
learning outcomes.
 It identifies for every outcome the
data that will be gathered which will
guide the selection of the assessment
tools to be used and at what point
assessment will be done.
 To implement outcomes-based education on the
subject or course level, the following procedure is
recommended
3. Drafting outcomes assessment
procedure.
 This procedure will enable the teacher
to determine the degree to which the
students are attaining the desired
learning outcomes.
 It identifies for every outcome the
data that will be gathered which will
guide the selection of the assessment
tools to be used and at what point
assessment will be done.
PROF. ED. 8
Lesson 1.2

The outcomes of
Education
 The outcomes
of Education

Outcomes-based education focuses

classroom instruction on the skills
and competencies that students
must demonstrate when they exit
 Two types of
outcomes in
education
Immediate Outcomes

 Competencies/skills acquired upon

completion of a subject, a grade level,
a segment of the program, or the
program itself
 Examples:

Immediate Outcomes
 Ability to communicate in writing an
speaking
 Mathematical problem-solving skill
 Skill in story telling
 Promotion to a higher grade level
 Graduation from a program
 Passing a required licensure
examination
 Initial job placement
 Two types of
outcomes in
education
Deferred Outcomes

 Refer to the ability to apply cognitive,

psychomotor and affective
skills/competencies in various
situations many years after
completion of a subject; grade level or
degree program.
 Examples:

Deferred Outcomes
 Success in professional practice or
occupation
 Promotion in a job
 Success in career planning, health and
wellness
 Awards and recognition
PROF. ED. 8
Lesson 1.3
Outcomes-Based
Outcomes in Outcomes –Based Education (OBE)
comes in different levels

1. Institutional,
2. Program,
3. Course, and
4. Learning/Instructional/lesson
outcomes
 • Statements of what the
InstitutionalOUtcomes graduates of an educational
institution are supposed to be
able to do beyond graduation.

Program OUtcomes

Course outcomes

Learning Outcomes
InstitutionalOUtcomes
Are what graduates of
particular educational
programs or degrees are
Program OUtcomes able to do at the
completion of the degree

Course outcomes

Learning Outcomes
InstitutionalOUtcomes
Are what graduates of
particular educational
programs or degrees are
Program OUtcomes able to do at the
completion of the degree

Course outcomes

Learning Outcomes
InstitutionalOUtcomes

Program OUtcomes
Are what students should be
able to demonstrate at the
end of course or subject
Course outcomes

Learning Outcomes
InstitutionalOUtcomes

Program OUtcomes

Course outcomes

Are what students should be

able to do after a lesson or
Learning Outcomes instruction
Sample of Educational Objectives and Learning
Outcomes in Araling Panlipunan

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Pagbibigay sa mga mag- 1.1 Nailalarawan ang sariling
aaral ng kaalaman at pang- buhay simula sa pagsilang
unawa tungkol sa tao, hanggang sa kasalukuyan
kapaligiran at lipunan edad.
(Cognitive Domain) 1.2 Nagsasabi at
naipapaliwanag ang mga
alituntunin sa silid-aralan at sa
paaralan.
1.3 Naiisa-isa ang mga
tungkulin ng isang mabuting
mamamayan sa pangangalaga
ng kapaligiran.
Sample of Educational Objectives and Learning
Outcomes in Araling Panlipunan

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES LEARNING OUTCOMES

2. Paglinang ng kakayahan na
magsagawa ng proyektong
pangtahanan at
pampamayanan. (Psycomotor
Objective)
3. Pagganyak sa mga mag-
aaral upang maipamalas ang
malalim na pagpapahalaga sa
kapaligiran (Affective
objective)
2.1 Nakakasulat ng sanaysay
na naglalarawan ng mga taong
bumubuo ng sariling pamilya.
2.2 Nakapagsasagawaq ng
panayam sa ilang
mahahalagang pinuno ng
sariling barangay at naisusulat
ang mga nakalap.
3.1 Nakakasulat ng tula, awit
o maikling kuwento tungkol sa
kahalagahan ng kapaligiran.
3.2 Nakagagawa ng “video
presentation” tungkol sa
wastong pag-aalaga ng
kapaligiran.
 EXERCISES
The following are educational objectives for the subject elementary science
(Kto12) for every educational objective, formulate two learning outcomes:
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. To Provide instruction that will
enable the pupils to understand
their immediate physical
environment by using their
senses, questioning, sharing ideas
and identifying simple cause-and-
effect relationships (Cognitive
objective)
2. To equip the pupils with the
skill to conduct guided
investigation by following a serirs
of steps that includes making and
testing predictions, collecting and
recording data, discoring patterns
ans suggesting possible
explanations(Affective objective)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1.1 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
1.2 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
2.1 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
_________
2.2 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
 EXERCISES
The following are educational objectives for the subject elementary science
(Kto12) for every educational objective, formulate two learning outcomes:

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES LEARNING OUTCOMES

3. To encourage among the
pupils a deep understanding and
appreciation of the differences of
the plant and animal groups
found in the locality.
3.1 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
3.2 The pupils
can___________________
______________________
______________________
Thank you!
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