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ZAMBALES NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Iba, Zambales

Technology & Livelihood

Education- Cookery 10
Guided Learning Activity Kit
-.Prepare Sauces Required for
Menu Items, Store and
Reconstitute Stocks, Sauces, and
Soups, Evaluate the finished
product -
Quarter III- Week 3-4

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TLE Cookery – Grade 10
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Prepare sauces required for menu items
Store and reconstitute stocks, sauces, and soups
Evaluate the finished product
Quarter 3 Week 3-4

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Development Team of the Activity Sheet

Writers: Jarad C. Sevilla
Editors: Larry B. Vispo
Reviewers: Saturnina R. Avecilla, EdD
Illustrator: Jarad C. Sevilla
Leonor L. Manalo
Layout Artist: Jarad C. Sevilla
Management Team: Leonardo D. Zapanta, EdD CESO V
Michelle Ablian Mejica, EdD
Manolito B. Basilio, EdD
Garry M. Achacoso
Milma Mendones, EdD
Charlie T. Carreon
Jay Morados

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education

Region III
Schools Division of Zambales
Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No. (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: zambales@deped.gov.ph

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 Prepare sauces required for
menu items

Introduction

Sauces are widely used in cooking these days in every type of cuisine
from all over the world.

What would pasta be without a delicious tomato or cream-based sauce?

Who would eat a typical lechon dinner without any gravy or sauce to
accompany it?

Even Filipino cuisine could not do without a variety of sauces, such as

soy sauce, oyster sauce or sweet & sour sauce to make their dishes more
appetizing and palatable.

Sauces come in many forms. There are sauces used to pour over certain
foods to bring moisture and extra flavor to the meal, other thicker sauces are
added to the side of the plate and accompany a cut or few slices of meat. Then
there are the sauces that are an integral part of the dish, whilst cold sauces
or dressings are used to liven up salads and cold meats.

Sauces are not always savory. Sweet sauces such as chocolate sauce,
butterscotch sauce, brandy sauce or the versatile custard are poured over
stodgy desserts in order to add more substance. And, certain fruits are
blended and pureed and used to accompany sweet desserts or cooked meats.

Learning Competency

Prepare sauces required for menu items. (TLE_HECK9-12SSS-IIIc-22)

Store and reconstitute stocks, sauces, and soups. (TLE_HECK9-12SSS-IIId-
23)
Evaluate the finished product. (TLE_HECK9-12SSS-IIId-24)

Objectives

At the end of this guided learning activity kit, you are expected to:
 Classify various types of sauces and their corresponding.
 Prepare a variety of hot and cold sauces based on the

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 required menu items.
 Identify the types of thickening agents and convenience
products used in preparing sauces.
 Use thickening agents and convenience products appropriately.
 Evaluate sauces for flavor, color, and consistency.
 Identify and deal with problems in the preparation of sauces.
 To maintain optimum quality and freshness of stocks, sauces, and soups.
 Reconstitute stocks, sauces, and soups.
 Rate the finished products using rubric.

Review: Let’s check how much have you learned?

I. IDENTIFICATION:
Direction: Identify the following term to complete the statement. Write the
answer on your answer sheet. (5 pts.)
1._____ a Japanese asuki bean soup
2._____ a Filipino soup made from coconut milk, milk, fruit, and tapioca pearl
served hot or cold.
3._____ thickened soups made from shellfish.
4._____ are based on stocks added with other ingredients for variety of flavor,
consistency, appearance and aroma
5._____ rich, flavorful stock or broth that has been clarified to make it perfectly
clear and transparent.

Discussion: Let’s go!

Sauces
One of the important components of a dish is the sauce. Sauces serve a
particular function in the composition of a dish. These enhance the taste of the food
to be served as well as add moisture or succulence to food that are cooked dry.
Sauces also enhance the appearance of a dish by adding luster and sheen. A sauce
that includes a flavor complementary to a food brings out the flavor of that food. It
defines and enriches the overall taste and its texture. Sauce is a fluid dressing for
poultry, meat, fish, dessert and other culinary products.

Sauce is a flavorful liquid, usually thickened that is used to season, flavor and
enhance other foods. It adds:
1. Moistness 4. Appearance (color and shine)
2. Flavor 5. Appeal
3. Richness

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Basic Sauces for Meat, Vegetables, and Fish
1. White sauce - Its basic ingredient is milk which is
thickened with flour enriched with butter.

2. Veloute sauce- Its chief ingredients are veal, chicken

and fish broth, thickened with blonde roux.

3. Hollandaise – It is a rich emulsified sauce made from

butter, egg yolks, lemon juice and cayenne.
Emulsion – (as fat in milk) consists of liquid dispersed
with or without an emulsifier in another liquid that
usually would not mix together.
4. Brown sauce / Espagnole – It is a brown roux-based
sauce made with margarine or butter, flavor and brown
stock.

5. Tomato – It is made from stock (ham/pork) and

tomato products seasoned with spices and herbs.

A. Variation of Sauces
1. Hot Sauces – made just before they are to be used.
2. Cold sauces – cooked ahead of time, then cooled, covered, and placed in the
refrigerator to chill.

B. Thickening Agents
Thickening agent – thickens sauce to the right consistency. The sauce must
be thick enough to cling lightly to the food. Starches are the most commonly used
thickeners for sauce making. Flour is the principal starch used. Other products
include cornstarch, arrowroot, waxy maize, pre-gelatinized starch, bread crumbs,
and other vegetables and grain products like potato starch and rice flour.
Starches thicken by gelatinization, which is the process by which starch
granules absorb water and swell many times their original sizes.

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 Starch granules must be separated before heating in liquid to avoid lumping.
Lumping occurs because the starch on the outside of the lump quickly gelatinizes
into a coating that prevents the liquid from reaching the starch inside.
Starch granules are separated in two ways:
• Mixing the starch with fat. Example: roux
• Mixing the starch with a cold liquid. Example: slurry

Roux – is a cooked mixture of equal parts by weight of fat and flour.

1. Fat
A. Clarified butter. Using clarified butter results to finest
sauces because of its flavor.

B. Margarine. Used as a substitute for butter because of its

lower cost.

C. Animal fat. Chicken fat, beef drippings and lard.

D. Vegetable oil and shortening. Can be used for roux, but

it adds no flavor

2. Flour
The thickening power of flour depends on its starch content. Bread flour is
commonly used in commercial cooking. It is sometimes browned for use in brown
roux. Heavily browned flour has only 1/3 the thickening power of not brown flour.

A roux must be cooked so that the sauce does not have a raw, starchy taste of flour.
The kinds of roux differ on how much they are cooked.

• White roux – cooked just enough to cook the raw taste of flour; used for béchamel
and other white sauces based on milk.
• Blond roux – cooked little longer to a slightly darker color; used for veloutes´.
• Brown roux – cooked to a light brown color and a nutty aroma. Flour may be
browned before adding to the fat. It contributes flavor and color to brown sauces.

C. Common Problems in Sauce

1. Discarding 3. poor texture 5. oil streaking

2. oiling-off 4. synersis (weeping)

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 METHODS OF PREPARING SAUCES

Sauces Blanches

(White Sauce)
Purpose Butter Flour Liquid: Milk or Stock or Cream

Light Sauce 1 tbsp. 1 tbsp. 1 cup

General Sauce 1½ tbsps. 1 ½ tbsp. 1 cup

Thick Sauce 5 tsps. 2 tbsps. 1 cup

Soufflé Sauce 2 tbsps. 2 tbsps. 1 cup

Hygienic Principles and Practices in Sauce Making

1. Make sure all equipment is perfectly clean.
2. Hold sauce no longer than 1 ½ hours. Make only enough to serve in this time,
and discard any that is left over.
3. Never mix an old batch of sauce with a new batch.
4. Never hold hollandaise or béarnaise or any other acid product in aluminum.
Use stainless-steel containers.

Making Roux
Procedure
1. Melt fat.
2. Add correct amount of flour, and stir until fat and flour is thoroughly mixed.
3. Cook to the desired degree of white, blond or brown roux.

Basic Finishing Techniques in Sauce Making

1. Reduction
• Using reduction to concentrate basic flavors.
The water evaporates when simmered. The sauce becomes more concentrated and
more flavorful.
• Using reduction to adjust textures
The sauce may be simmered until it reaches the desired thickness. Stock or other
liquid may be added to thickened sauce to thin it out, then simmer to reduce to the
right consistency.
• Using reduction to add new flavors.
Glazes or reduced stocks are added to sauces to give flavor.

2. Straining
This is very important in order to produce a smooth, lump free sauce. Straining
through a china cap lined with several layers of cheesecloth is effective.

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3. Deglazing
To deglaze means to swirl a liquid in a sauté pan to cooked particles of food remaining
on the bottom.
Liquid such as wine or stock is used to deglaze then reduced by one-half or three-
fourths. This reduction, with the added flavor of the pan drippings, is then added to
the sauce.
4. Enriching with butter and cream
• Liaison mixture of egg yolks and cream added to sauce to give extra richness
and smoothness.
• Heavy cream- added to give flavor and richness to sauce
• Butter - Add softened butter to hot sauce and swirl until it melts. Serve
immediately to prevent separation of butter.
Butter gives extra shine and smoothness to the sauce.
5. Seasoning – adds and develop flavor

Store and Reconstitute Stocks, Sauces and Soups

Storage of Stocks/Sauces and Soups

Stock is a clear, flavored liquid that freezes well. Chilled stock can be frozen
in 1 gallon amounts to be used for sauces. However, once a stock has been used to
make a sauce, the sauce itself should not be frozen. Sauces do not freeze well and
should be made in amounts needed on the day of production.
The stock should never be put in the refrigerator while it is hot. The large
volume of hot liquid can raise the internal temperature of the refrigerator to the point
that the stock will cool sufficiently within two hours and may warm everything else
in the refrigerator. A good way to cool the stock is to place the hot stock pot in a sink
full of cold water and ice cubes until it is lukewarm but it should not exceed one
hour. After leaving it uncovered for the first half hour and stirring occasionally to
cool, it should be covered with an upside down plate to prevent evaporation which
would cause the stock to become too concentrated. Refrigerated stock cools better in
shallow pans. If covered, stock lasts up to five days but it is best if used in two days
Storage of Starch and Sauces
Sauces and starches should be kept in airtight container and stored in a cool
dry place away from the moisture, oxygen, lights, and pests. Food made with starches
contains egg, milk, cream of other dairy products all of which make them prone to
bacterial contamination and to food-borne illnesses. Sauces made with these
ingredients should be kept out of the temperature danger zone. Thickened sauce
should also be prepared, served, and stored with caution. These products should be
stored in the refrigerator and never left to stay for long at room temperature.
Storing Equipment
1. Glass/Plastic Container
2. Stock pot
3. Refrigerator

Ways to Reconstitute Stocks

1. Skim the surface and strain off the stock through a china cup lined with several
layers of cheesecloth.

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2. Cool the stock as quickly as possible as follows:
Set the pot in a sink with blocks, rack or some other object under it. This is
called venting. This allows cold water to flow under the pot or around it.
Run cold water into the sink, but not higher than the level of the stock.
Stir the pot occasionally so the stocks cool evenly
Cooling stock quickly and properly is important. Improperly cooled stock may spoil
in 6 to 8 hrs.
3. When cool, refrigerate the stock in covered containers. Stock will keep 2 to 3 days
if properly refrigerated. Stock can also be frozen and will last for several months.

Ways to Reconstitute Stocks, Sauce and Soup

1. by adding water
2. By using other liquid like evaporating milk, coconut milk, and fruit juices

Activities
Guided Practice 1: Can you Name Me?
Direction: Carefully read the statement. Use the word bank below to identify the
different terms that has been discuss in this lesson.
Hollandaise Veloute sauce Sauce
Tomato White sauce Brown sauce
Thickening agent Hot sauce Cold sauce
Bisque Roux Chowder

_____1. A flavorful liquid, usually thickened that is used to season, flavor and
enhance other foods.
_____2. Its basic ingredient is milk which is thickened with flour enriched with
butter.
_____3. It is a rich emulsified sauce made from butter, egg yolks, lemon juice and
cayenne.
_____4. It is made from stock (ham/pork) and tomato products seasoned with
spices and herbs.
_____5. It is a brown roux-based sauce made with margarine or butter, flavor and
brown stock.
_____6. Its chief ingredients are veal, chicken and fish broth, thickened with blonde
roux.
_____7. Thickens sauce to the right consistency
_____8. Sauces made just before they are to be used.
_____9. Sauces that has been cooked ahead of time, then cooled, covered, and placed
in the refrigerator to chill.
_____10. A cooked mixture of equal parts by weight of fat and flour.

Guided Practice 2: Select Me:

Direction: Read the statement carefully, and then choose the best answer from the
given options. Write only the letter of the correct answer in your answer sheets.

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1. Mixing the starch with fat
a. sauce b. roux c. slurry d. tomato
2. Mixing the starch with a cold liquid.
a. sauce b. roux c. slurry d. tomato
3. Used as a substitute for butter because of its lower cost.
a. margarine b. vegetable oil c. animal fat d. fat
4. Cooked just enough to cook the raw taste of flour; used for béchamel and other
white sauces based on milk.
a. blond roux b. white roux c. brown roux d. slurry
5. Cooked little longer to a slightly darker color; used for veloutes´.
a. blond roux b. white roux c. brown roux d. slurry
6. Cooked to a light brown color and a nutty aroma.
a. blond roux b. white roux c. brown roux d. slurry
7. This is very important in order to produce a smooth, lump free sauce.
a. reduction b. straining c. deglazing d. seasoning
8. Means to swirl a liquid in a sauté pan to cooked particles of food remaining on
the bottom.
a. reduction b. straining c. deglazing d. seasoning
9. The water evaporates when simmered. The sauce becomes more concentrated
and more flavorful.
a. reduction b. straining c. deglazing d. seasoning
10. It adds and develop flavor.
a. reduction b. straining c. deglazing d. seasoning

Independent Practice
Extend what you've learned! True and False?

Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Place a T on the line if you think a
statement it TRUE. Place an F on the line if you think the statement is FALSE.

_____1. One of the important components of a dish is the sauce.

_____2. Soup enhance the taste of the food to be served as well as add moisture or
succulence to food that are cooked dry.
_____3. Sauces also enhance the appearance of a dish by adding luster and sheen.
_____4. A sauce that includes a flavor complementary to a food brings out the flavor
of that food.
_____5. Deglazing is very important in order to produce a smooth, lump free sauce.
_____6. Heavy cream is added to give flavor and richness to sauce.
_____7. Glazes or reduced stocks are added to soup to give flavor.
_____8. It is okay to mix an old batch of sauce with a new batch.
_____9. Make sure all equipment is perfectly clean.
_____10. Stock is a flavorful liquid, usually thickened that is used to season, flavor
and enhance other foods.

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 Assessment
Directions: Read the question below and answer it briefly. Write the answer in your
paper. Your answer will be graded using the rubrics below.
1. Why is it important to follow the hygienic principles and practices in sauce
making?
Criteria Points
Content The answer is exceptionally clear. 3
Concise The explanation posed is advanced. 3
Relevant Highly relevant to the topic. 4
Total points 10

Reflection

Research Moment
1. Make a research on at least 2 sauces and the food where it is commonly used in
the Philippines. Make a description in each sauce recipe include its ingredients,
measurements and procedure. The written output will be graded separately using
the rubrics below.

Criteria Points
Grammar There is no grammatical mistakes 3
Ingredients Includes full list of ingredients & 3
measurements.
Procedure Multi-step directions written in complete 4
sentences.
Total points 10

References

Book References:

K to 12 Learning Module in Cookery 10 pp. 266-273

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Guided Practice 1
1. sauce
2. white sauce
3. hollandaise
4. tomato
5. brown sauce
6. veloute sauce
7. thickening agent
8. hot sauce
9. cold sauce
10. roux
Guided Practice 2
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
5. a
6. c
7. b
8. c
9. a
10. d
Independent Practice
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. T
7. F
8. F
9. T
10. F
Assessment and reflection will be check by the
subject teacher.
Key to Corrections
 Acknowledgment

The Schools Division of Zambales would like to express its heartfelt gratitude
to the following, who in one way or the other, have contributed to the successful
preparation, development, quality assurance, printing, and distribution of the
Quarter 3 Guided Learning Activity Kits (GLAKs) in all learning areas across grade
levels as a response to providing the learners with developmentally-appropriate,
contextualized and simplified learning resources with most essential learning
competencies (MELCs)-based activities anchored on the principles of guided learning
and explicit instruction:

First, the Learning Resources (LR) Development Team composed of the writers
and graphic artists for devoting much of their time and exhausting their best efforts
to produce these indispensable learning kits used for the implementation of learning
delivery modalities.

Second, the content editors, language reviewers, and layout evaluators

making up the Division Quality Assurance Team (DQAT) for having carefully
evaluated all GLAKs to ensure quality and compliance to DepEd standards;

Third, the Provincial Government of Zambales, for unceasingly extending its

financial assistance to augment the funds for the printing of these learning resources
for use by learners and parents at home;

Fourth, the teacher-advisers and subject teachers, in close coordination with

the school heads, for their weekly distribution and retrieval of the GLAKs and for
their frequent monitoring of the learners’ progress through various means; and

Finally, the parents and other home learning facilitators for giving the learners
the needed guidance and support for them to possibly accomplish the tasks and for
gradually helping them become independent learners.

To deliver learning continuity in this challenging circumstance would not be

possible without your collective effort and strong commitment to serving our
Zambaleño learners.

Again, our sincerest thanks!

The Management Team

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 For Inquiries of feedback, please write or call

Department of Education- Region III- Division of Zambales

Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)
Zone 6 Iba Zambales

Tel./Fax No. (047)