WORKSHEET 13.

1 URINARY SYSTEM
Part B: Assessments
Sketch a representative section of the renal cortex and the renal medulla. Label the
glomerulus, glomerular capsule, and sections of renal tubules in the renal cortex. Label
a longitudinal section and cross section of a collecting duct in the renal medulla.

Renal cortex Renal medulla

Guide questions:
1. What are the importance of Urine Test in diagnosing medical problems?
A urinalysis is a common test that uses a urine sample to check many different
aspects of your health. It can help to detect many diseases before you feel symptoms.
A Urine Test involves evaluating the appearance, concentration, and content of urine to
detect and manage a wide range of illnesses, including urinary tract infections, kidney
disease, and diabetes. A urinary tract infection, for example, can cause urine to appear
hazy rather than clear.
 WORKSHEET 14.1 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
3) The accessory organs include the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate
gland, and bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands.

Structure: Defining Function(s)

characteristics or
features
 Rete testes an anastomosing carries the sperm from
network of delicate the seminiferous
tubules located in the tubules to the efferent
hilum of the testicle ducts and is the
(mediastinum testis) counterpart of the rete
ovarii in females.
 Epididymis is a long, coiled tube stores sperm and
and appears as a transports it from the
curved structure on the testes. Its function is to
posterior (back) margin bring the sperm to
of each testis. It is maturity — the sperm
comprised of three that emerge from the
sections which are the testes are immature
head, body, and tail and incapable of
fertilization
Vas (ductus) is a long, muscular tube transports sperm cells
deferens that travels from the from the epididymis,
epididymis into the where the sperm are
pelvic cavity, to just stored prior to
behind the bladder ejaculation
Ejaculatory duct either of two hollow delivers sperm into the
tubes, each formed by urethra, adding
union of the ampulla of secretions and additives
a ductus deferens and from the prostate
the excretory duct of a necessary for sperm
seminal vesicle. They function, while
pass through the providing an interface
prostate, and open into between the
the urethra above the reproductive and
seminal colliculus urinary systems in men
 the prostatic urethra is
is surrounded by an responsible for
Prostatic urethra inner circular layer and involuntary continence,
an outer longitudinal transmission of semen
layer of smooth muscle into the common
and it forms an angle genitourinary tract and
of roughly 45º (range, is the portion of
0-90º) at its midpoint the urethra that
traverses the prostate
Membranous is the shortest and its role is to prevent
(intermediate) least distensible portion retrograde ejaculation
urethra of the urethra, only 1 into the bladder. It
cm long closes the bladder neck
by sympathetic nerve
stimulation during
emission of semen into
the prostatic urethra
Penis is made up of the is a complex external
corpus (shaft), glans organ in males used to
(head), and prepuce urinate and for sex and
(foreskin). The urethra reproduction
is a tube through which
urine or semen exits
the body. It is located
above the scrotum.
 Shaft contains three erectile extends from the tip to
tissues: the two where it connects to
corpora cavernosa and your lower belly and
the corpus spongiosum. are the tissues that fill
and extend through the with blood during
entire body of penis arousal, which allow a
person to have an
erection
Sketch a sperm cell:
• Label the following: acrosome, head, midpiece, flagellum
• Write the function next to each label.

WORKSHEET 14.2 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

VI. Oogenesis
Explain how the following terms work together: corpus luteum, Graafian
follicle, oocyte, ovarian follicle, ovulation

The ovarian follicles, also known as Graafian follicles, are rounded

enclosures in the cortex near the ovary's surface that house the developing ova. They
appear as multiple primary or underdeveloped ovarian follicles at birth and during
childhood. Each is covered by a single layer of flattened cells and contains a primitive
ovum, or oocyte. The two ovaries of a young female can contain up to 700,000
primary follicles. Before or after puberty, the majority of them deteriorate.
There is a cyclic growth of one or more follicles into a mature follicle each month
from the onset of adolescence until menopause (except during pregnancy). The primary
follicle's covering layer thickens, separating into an inner membrana granulosa and an
outer vascularized theca interna. A follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced by the
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland maintains and grows the follicle to maturity. The
anterior lobe hormone luteinizing hormone (LH) helps FSH in causing the growing, now
fluid-filled follicle to release estrogens. LH also ruptures ripe follicles, allowing the
oocyte to be released into the peritoneal cavity and eventually into the fallopian tube.
Ovulation is the release of the oocyte, which happens about the halfway of the
reproductive cycle, on the 13th or 14th day of a 28-day cycle as calculated from the
first day of menstrual flow.
After ovulation, the burst follicle collapses due to a lack of follicular fluid and
transforms into the corpus luteum, a soft, well-vascularized glandular structure. The
corpus luteum grows quickly, being vascularized after four days and being fully
developed after nine days. The progesterone steroid hormone, as well as certain
estrogens, are produced by the gland. Luteinizing hormone both stimulates and
maintains its activity. In an endometrium primed by estrogens, progesterone increases
glandular growth and secretion.