LC WAIKIKI MAGAZACILIK

ECOLOGY ALIGNMENT
MANUAL
ST.245 Rev. No: 00 / October, 2016

Material Quality Assurance Management/ Global Quality Assurance and Social Compliance
Directorate

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Table of Contents

LC Waikiki Ecology Policy......................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 5
PART 1: CHEMICAL COMPLIANCE ............................................................................................................ 6
1. 1. Ecological Product Awarness ....................................................................................................... 7
2. Chemical Substance Management System ..................................................................................... 7
2.1. Creating the Policy Related to Chemical Substance Management ............................................. 8
2.2. Creating the Procedure related to Chemical Substance Management....................................... 8
2.2.1. Procedure of Purchasing Chemical Subsances ........................................................................ 8
2.2.2. Chemical Substance Storage Procedure................................................................................ 11
2.2.2.1. Chemical Remain-Leakage Emergency Response Plan ..................................................... 14
2.2.3. Procedure of Using Chemical Substances ............................................................................. 15
2.2.3.1. Providing the Neccessary Trainings ................................................................................... 15
2.2.3.2. Determining the Risks........................................................................................................ 17
2.2.3.3. Risk Table for Hazardous Chemical Substances ................................................................ 20
3. Providing the product Treceability ................................................................................................ 31
4. Ecological Tests and Product Controls .......................................................................................... 31
4.1. Raw Material Test...................................................................................................................... 31
4.2. Finished Product Tests .............................................................................................................. 32
4.3. Intake water and waste Analysis ............................................................................................... 33
PART 2: ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE .............................................................................................. 35
5. Environment Management System ............................................................................................... 36
5.1. Creating the Environment Policy ............................................................................................... 36
5.2. Evaluating the Environmental Dimensions ............................................................................... 36
5.3. Compliance to Legal Legislation ................................................................................................ 37
5.3.1. Environmental Permit ........................................................................................................... 37
5.3.2. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) .............................................................................. 37
5.3.3. Discharge License .................................................................................................................. 37
5.3.4. Compliance of the Waste water Analysis .............................................................................. 38
5.4. Waste Management System ..................................................................................................... 38
5.4.1. Hazardous Waste................................................................................................................... 38

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5.4.2. Non-Hazardous Waste........................................................................................................... 39
5.4.3. Packaging Wastes .................................................................................................................. 40
5.4.4. Domestic and Industrial Waste Water .................................................................................. 41
5.4.4.1. Domestic Waste Water ..................................................................................................... 41
5.4.4.2. Industrail Wastewater ....................................................................................................... 41
5.4.5. Emissions ............................................................................................................................... 42
5.5. The efficient use of Energy and Creating the Traceability ........................................................ 42
5.6. Environmental Performance ..................................................................................................... 43
5.7. Trainings .................................................................................................................................... 47
5.8. Corrective and Preventive Activities ......................................................................................... 47

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 LC WAIKIKI ECOLOGY POLICY
As LC Waikiki, we confirm to provide making production in order to be able to transfer the earth’s
resources naturally to the next generations and and provide the products to be produced in healthy
conditions which are based on information transfererence and high leveled transparency.

Our commitments in this scope are;

• To share our LC Waikiki Environmental and Ecological product policy with all our suppliers,
sub suppliers, employees and clients, making contributions to society awareness with our
works made and informations given,
• Creating new value chain with our suppliers and manufactures accepting LC Waikiki values,
which are transperant and adapt ecological environment criteria until 2023.
• While fully obeying the law at the same time determing the development areas of our
suppliers about the determined subjects which would affect the ecology and our products in
a negative way according to our studies and standards and trying to promote them to have
constant improvement in these areas.
• Making improvements in the direction of decreasing the resources we use, creating new
business models in order to add new resource to replace the old ones.

Our Actions,

• In order to provide our Ecological Product and Environment policy to be understandable,

explaining our adopted principals to all our suppliers and manufacturars so that no question
marks would appear, assuring that the naccessary trainings are performed and the
awareness level increased.
• Creating the value risk map and performing in situ audits with the audit mechanisms of the
all risky manufacturers and suppliers.
• Providing the continuity of the product safety with an inclusionary and systematic test
modelling.
• Creating traceable systems and ensuring an efficient usage by providing the control of
consumption of the natural resources such as water and energy resources such as (electricity
and naturalgas) based on processes.
• Providing the raw materials to be used in a contolled way and by doing this ensuring to have
less waste material, recicling the waste materials as much as posible, or if the waste material
can not be recicled providing its disposal and reducing the environmental pollution at the
begining of the process,
• Before the carbon and water footprint, primarily determining and improving our chemical
footprint.
• Calculating our carbon and water footprint starting from our own, improving the current
situation and organizing activities,
• Providing the raw material which may affect the environment and human health negatively
not to be used/ or decrease its source through the risk analysis results.

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INTRODUCTION

It is one of the primary targets of LC Waikiki to manufacture clothes which do not harm
human health and to present ecological products to consumers. A road map has been
created in order to prevent problems which can affect human and environmental life
negatively.

The studies have been evaluated in two parts.

• Part 1 : Chemical Compliance

• Part 2 : Environmental Compliance

Within the scope of chemical compliance; there is information about how to manage the
chemical substances from the point that they are recieved to the factory until they become
finshed products.

Within the scope of environmental compliance; there is information about environmental

legislation conformity, good implementation examples about the eficient use of water and
energy, management of hazardous and nonhazardous wastes.

The sub titles which belong to both parts and details are explained in futher parts with
details and visuals.

“LC Waikiki Magazacilik Ecology Alignment Manual” is prepared for ecology alignment road
map. Our suppliers are expected to read this manual before they start the ecology alignment
practices.

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PART 1: CHEMICAL COMPLIANCE
MAIN EXPECTATIONS RELATED TO THE SUBJECT

▪ Finding a personnel responsible for the Chemical Management System

▪ Keeping the chemical substance inventory list
▪ Determining the implementation and test for tracking the restricted chemical
substances
▪ Providing training to the related personnel about the related subject
▪ Provide the traceability of the chemical substance usage for the finished products
▪ Storing the chemical substances correctly
▪ Determining the chemical substance risks according to the area of their usage
▪ Sharing the Ecological Product Handbook with all the sub suppliers

Main expectations within the scope of chemical compliance is to create a chemical

management system and if there is a system providing improvements for this system in
acordance with the implementations of this manual.

Main Titles Explained in this Chapter

Ecological Product Chemical

REACH/SVHC
Awareness Management System

Actions of
Chemical Substance emergency cases and First aid and Health
Storage and Usage countermeasures Control
against fire

Personal Protective
Testings
Equipments

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 1. 1. Ecological Product Awarness
1.1. Ecological Product Commitment and Requirements
At the stage of creating supply chain, firstly the “LC Waikiki Magazacilik Ecological
Declaration“ is shared with the companies and after the commitment is stated “LC Waikiki
Magazacilik Ecological Product Manual” is handed out. The manufacturing is demanded
according to the ecological product requirements.

Fig. 1- LC Waikiki Ecological Product Declaration and Ecological Product Manual

In the LC Waikiki Magazacilik Ecological Product Manual, the usage areas of the human life
and environment hazardous chemical substances, ther hazards, test method information
according to the analysis and test requirements take place. It is expected from all the
suppliers that the person in charge for the chemical substance management of the company
should have a good command of the information which is given within the manual, know the
limit information and share the latest version to the all sub suppliers. In order to provide the
traceability, it is expected that all the sharings under a form shall be shared and and the e-
mails shall be archived.

2. Chemical Substance Management System

It is expected that all the chemical substance supplier selection, purchasing, storing, usage
and disposal proceses are defined in writing and also it is expected to have a personnel to be
responsible from these processes, preparing their decriptions.

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 2.1. Creating the Policy Related to Chemical Substance
Management
Within the policy of Chemical Substance Management the below given articles should take
place;

• The objective of the company

• Commitments related to the safety, usage and measurements about effects of the
used chemical substance to human health and environment
• Trainings made about Chemical Substances
• Safety requirements for employees, products and the environment
• Compliance to the related chemical substance legal legislations of Turkey and Europe

The policy created within the scope of the above given articles;
o Should be documented
o Completed to that it covers all the units of the organization
o Should be committed by the Senior Management

2.2. Creating the Procedure related to Chemical Substance

Management
It is expected that the Chemical Substance Management Processes should be clear,
understandable and traceable. It expected that Procedures/ Regulations under the Chemical
Substance Management System are created.

• Purchasing of the Chemical Substances

• Storing of the Chemical Substances
• Usage of the Chemical Substance within the Company
• Disposal of the Chemical Substances (*This part will be mentioned in the
Environmental Conformity part under the “Disposal Management System” title)
• Emergency Action Plan for Chemical Substances
• Risk Assessment for Chemical Substance

2.2.1. Procedure of Purchasing Chemical Subsances

The process of purshasing chemical substances should be traceable.The retrospective
traceability information about what chemical substance was purchased from which supplier
should be provided and the supplier which we work should be kept within the list of “
Approved Supplier List”.

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 Fig 2.- The Sample Approved Supplier List ( App.2- LC Waikiki will share a sample of it with you)

The purchased chemical substances are expected to meet the ecological requirements which
are mentioned in the “LC Waikiki Retail Ecological Product Manual”. In this direction, if the
suppliers have declarations related to ecological compliance these should be requestes and
defined in the inventory list.

As an additional control to be made in the company is to control if purchased chemicals are

in the REACH (App XVII) and SVHC lists or not. REACH is a regulation of the Europen Union
which anticipates about registration, approval and restriction of the chemical substances.
SVHC (Substances of Very High Concern) is the candidate list which is traced. If the
purchased chemicals are in the REACH (App XVII) or SVHC lists that means an ecological
problem will be faced during the manufacturing phase. (Note: The actual list can be obtained
from the ECHA - European Chemicals Agency- internet direction)

After the purchasing process, an inventory list should be kept related to the chemical
substances within the company. The inventory list should also include the below given the
information except from the stock quantity.

• CAS Number
• Lot Number
• Name of the chemical substance manufacturer company
• Name of the company where the chemical substances was purchased
• Date of purchasing
• Expiration Date
• If there is an ecological certficate or declaration the information of it should be
shared. (It would be more useful to place the certficates into an excel sheet by using
bridge system)

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 Fig .3- Sample Chemical Substance Inventory List ( App.2- LC Waikiki will share a sample of it)

When a posible retrospective tracing is required, the invoices of the purchasing of the last 2
years should be accessible. For all the purchases of chemical substances “Material Safety
Data Sheet” (MSDS) should be recieved from the supplier in the “local language”. In
undesirable situations such as an accident, fire etc the data written in safety sheets is highly
important. MSDS sheets should be placed in “accessable places” where chemical substances
are stored and where they are used in the company.

Since there are a lot of technical data in the MSDS sheets it may a confusing for the
employees or this can be a waste of time when it is desired to reach to a spesific data.
Therefore it would be much more understandable if the important parts which are in the
form can be summarized as a good implementation sample.

Fig .4 Summarized MSDS documents made for the Working Areas

MSDS documents received from the suppliers should be control if they have any missing parts.
Basicallly the below given 16 titles should take place in this document;

1. Name of the company/ distributor of the substance/ mixture- Name of the product, address
of the supplier
2. Description of the hazards- Danger explanation/ symbols
3. In formation about the composition/ Contents - CAS numbers
4. First Aid measurements
5. Fire fighting measurement

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 6. Measurments against accidently spreading
7. Handling and depositing
8. Exposure controls/ personel protection - Personal protective equipment informaton
9. Physical and chemical properties
10. Stability and reaction properties
11. Toxicologic information
12. Ecological information
13. Disposing information
14. Carriage information
15. Regulations
16. Other information

2.2.2. Chemical Substance Storage Procedure

Chemical Substances, should be stored in a specially seperated, localised and no danger
causing place. It is expected that the person responsible for the storage area is designated
and the job descrition is prepared. In the storage operations the data about the storage
information of the MSDS document should be controlled. This data contains;

• Information about the storage areas and containers,

• Information about storing conditions
• Information about warehouse heat

+ Can be stored together

- Can not be stored together
o Can be stored together when
taking special measurements

A sample matrix which you can obtain from a

Chemical Substance supplier and find at the
chemical substance warehouses can be sen
above. It is required to harmonize with the
MSDS sheets storage requirements. The
explanationss of the hazardous sybols are
found within the MSDS sheets.
Information about fire fighting also is found
within this document. A special care should
be given to the chemical substances of which
requires to use different types of fire fighing
equipments.

Fig.5- Hazard Symbols

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In order to store the chemical substances according to the matrix given above or to control
warehouse the name of the chemical substance and hazard symbol should be found on the
chemical substance.

Fig.6- Conformity of the symbols which are on the Chemical Substances

In addition to this, stickers should be put onto the chemical substances writing the openning
and expiration dates of them. Since one-to-one control of the chemical substances would be
difficult in manufacturing processes it is requested that a control system and a warning
mechanism on the operator screens are created to follow up the lifetime of the chemical
substances.

Special measurements should be taken for the chemical

substances with can react with each. Chemical
substances which can create risks should be located to
the different parts of the warehouse or a carrier
container or a seconder container should be put under
the chemical substance.

For example; To store Sodium hydrosulphide in the

warehouse apart from the other chemical substances.

Fig.7- Storing the hazardous chemical substances seperately.

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 Fig.8- Sampl, Spill pallets, Secondary containers

As an additional measurement to the chemical substance leakage there should be a suitable

drainage system at the warehouse. Alternatively if the chemical substance leakage is desired
not to leakour of the warehouse environment then the ground should have leakproof
properties.

Fig.9- Warehouse drainage channels and Epoxy ground

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 ➢ Chemical Substances must not be
stored directly under the sunlight, in
cases where they are to be kept in
the open air, a closed area should be
provided for a temporary storage.

Fig.10 – Inappropriate Storage Conditions

Additionally in order to provide the chemical substance safety;

➢ There should a body and an eye shower at the chemical

substance warehouse
➢ Measurements should be taken at the areas where the
chemical substance s are stored in order to prevent the
falling of the fluorescent lighting
➢ The electricity installation within the warehouse should be
arranged in such a way that no harm is created
➢ It should be provided that ventilation and environmental
conditions are adequate.
➢ Against the leakage risk of the chemical substances “Chemical Substance Leakage Drill”
should be made and these drills should be registered.

2.2.2.1. Chemical Remain - Leakage Emergency

Response Plan

Emergency Response Plans should be made against Chemical Remain-Leakage and

precautions should be taken by realizing drills according to this plan. Emergency Response
Plan should include the below given actions:

• The properties of the remained-leaked chemical substance should be de determined

according to the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet). In such cases Personal
Protective Equipment should defintely be used.
• If the remained-leaked chemical substances have cumbustible substance property
the other substances should be removed as mush as posible.

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 • The personnel working at the area should be informed.
• It should be assured that the determined emergency response teams take the
neccessary precautions.
• In case the remained-leaked chemical substances are hazardous to human life and in
case of being exposed to those, the first aid information related to the chemical
substance which is in MSDS sheets should be carried out. In this case the first aid
team should be informed and expect them to interfere.
• If the personnel who has been exposed to the chemical substance becomes worse,
the closest healthcare organization should be informed.
• The soruce of the remained-leaked chemical substances should be determined, cause
of the remaining is blocked and the leakage is prevented with the help of absorbant
substances etc.
• The cause of remain and leakage is determined and investigated. A report should be
arranged and the neccessary precautions should be taken.

2.2.3. Procedure of Using Chemical Substances

2.2.3.1. Providing the Neccessary Trainings

In order to use the chemical substances in the company firstly it requires to know the
neccessary basic information such as what is the chemical substance, in which process it is
uesd, what are the risk that may occure within the proces and what are the dangers. The
related personnel should be trained about using chemical substances within the company
and the given training records should be kept.

In order to create awareness general trainings should be given every year periodically to all
the personnel and employees. Within the scope of these trainings, occupational safety
trainings such as information about hazard symbols, information about general operations
to be executed at the moment of accident or unwanted situations (such as MSDS document
control) should be given.

Technical trainings should be given to the ones who directly works with chemical substance.
Operations executed based on processes should be listed in details and the training
requirements should be determined.

• Purchasing; In order to provide the related traceability of the purchased chemical

substances, creating the inventory list and such details mentioned in the previous
chapter should be paid attention.

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 • Pre-operations Dyeing, Chemical Finishing and Finishing Operations; The effects of
the chemical substances used within this process on human health, employees and
to envionment should be known.
• Storing; Trainings should be given about which chemical substance can be stored in
which conditions, chemical substance which can not be stored together, leakage
precautions etc.
• Waste Areas; Trainings should be given about seperating hazardous and non-
hazardous chemical substances, seperating them according to the waste codes,
control, safety of the waste areas and disposal of the waste.

➢ In the trainings which are made in order to know the basic properties of the Chemical
substances which are used or to be used in the processes the information of the MSDS
sheets can be taken as fundamental information.

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 2.2.3.2. Determining the Risks
It is expected that risk analysis studies are made for the used chemical substances about the
below indicated subjects.
• Risks that the chemical substance can be posed by itself or based on process
• Risks that the chemical substance can be posed in textile product, waste water an
emission
Firstly, the analysis which will be made within the scope of the risks which will be posed by
the chemical substance itself or based on processes is the risk analysis which is made within
the scope of ocupational safety. Evaluations should be made and precautions should be
taken according to the risk score which is obtained by the multiplication of posibility and
concentration score. Basicly the matrix which is used at the risk analysis is 5x5 matrix. The
risk levels are determined according to this matrix. In the next page there will be a risk
analysis form. There are several alternative methods and when the applicability is
considered different methods can be prefered.

IMPACT If the risk score is in the

red zone it means the risk
R = PROBABILITY X is high and related studies
Severe Significant Moderate Minor Negligible
IMPACT should be made urgently.

5 4 3 2 1

Highly If the risk score is in the

Probable
5 25 20 15 10 5 yellow zone the actions
should be taken as fast as
Probable 4 20 16 12 8 4 posible.

PROBABILITY Possible 3 15 12 9 6 3
If the risk score is in the
green zone there is no
Unlikely 2 10 8 6 4 2 need to take urgent
precautions, however it
should be considered as a
Rare 1 5 4 3 2 1
risk anyway.
.

Fig. 11- Sample, 5x5 Risk Evaluation Matrix

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Hazardous
Possible Risk
Substance
H302 Is hazardous when swallowed.
H318 Can cause serious eye damage
Precaution Explanations:
P280 Use with eye/face protector
Hydrogen
Peroxide
P301+P312+P330:
When swallowed, If you don’ feel well
please call urgently 114 national poison
center or call the doctor. Rinse your
mounth
P305+P351+P338+P310:
In case of contact with eyes wash with
water for a fex moments.
Takılı ve yapması kolaysa, kontak lensleri
çıkartın. If they are on and taking them off
is easy remove your contact lenses keep
on washng your eyes. Please call
urgently 114 national poison center or call
the doctor.
Fig.12 – Sample - Hydrogen Peroxide Risk Analysis
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Suggested Precautions
Precautions about respiration: If the
environmental concentration is more
than 10 ppm then an approved mobile
respiration device should be used.
Protection of Hands:
Water proof rubber gloves or neoprene
should be used
Protection of Eyes:
Use full protection chemical protection
glasses. In addition to this in case of eye
and face contact splashing or spouting
please use a protection mask along with
glasses.
You must heve YSC along with these
chemical substances you use. (YSC type is
not important)
Risk
First Aid information in case Components Precautions
of danger Taken
P I R
General Suggestion:
The personnel who work with chemical substances have been
Consult to a doctor. When you
consult to your doctor please show
him this safety shhet.
In case of Inhalation
In case of inhalation take the victim
Personal protective equipments are being used.
outside to open air. If the
respiration is lost do artificial
respiration. Consult to a doctor.
In case of contact with skin
Take your infected clothes and
shoes off immediately. Sabun ve
Wash the infected area with soap 2 5 10
and a lot of water. Consult to a
doctor.
In case of contact with eyes
Wash you eyes completely with a
lot of water at least 15 minutes and
Consult to a doctor
trained.
In case of swallowing
Do not make the victim vomit.
Never give something orally when
he is unconscious. Rinse the month
•
with water. Consult to a doctor.
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At the second stage, it is expected that the posible effects of chemical substances to human
life and environment which are used at the manufacturing are evaluated and the risk
analysis are made.

In the scope of both Ecological Product Manual and Detox project, it is expected that the
banned chemical substance is used within the limits which have been determined within the
Zero Discharge Hazardous Chemicals program and for further steps it is not used. The
chemical substances are indicated below. (For the Limit Values please see LC Waikiki
Ecological Product Manual)

• Phthalates
• Flame retardants
• Azo Dyes
• Organotin Compounds
• Chlorobenzenes
• Halogenated Solvents
• Chlorophenols
• Short Chain Chlorinated Paraffins
• Heavy Metals
• APEOs
• Perflourinated Compounds
• Isocyanates
• Formaldehyde

In the next table, there is an information chemical substance that can be found in production
phases. In the table details it can be seen the hazard classification of the chemical
substances, and their effect to human health and environment.

While making risk analysis this table can be useful.

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 2.2.3.3. Risk Table for Hazardous Chemical Substances

Hazardous Their hazardous

Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment

▪ In order to soften the

plactical products & prints
and bring flexibility.
▪ As Colorants,
▪ Plastics R Toxic to Reproduction
▪ As an auxilary substance
▪ Plasticser
for the textile products ▪ This compund harms the S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
Rawmaterials
which have a frequent foetus, it has negative effetcs sensitiser
▪ Prints They have permenant
Phthalates contact with PVC on fertility
▪ Glues/ toxic hazard for aquatic PBT Persistent, bioaccumulative
▪ As Solvent for adhesives ▪ They can cause eye irritation
Adhesives life and toxic /
and cosmetics and alergic skin reactions.
▪ Artificial Leather
▪ Syntehic materials (PVC, PU
▪ Polymer Coating leather,
plastics)aksesuarlar ve
baskılarda,
▪ PU covered Leather

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ May cause cancer
▪ Cause skin irritation. C Carcinogenic
In the auxilary ▪ When exposed for a long time PBT Persistent, bioaccumulative
chemical substances or repeatedly may harm and toxic
In automotive, electronics and It is a persistant
in order to provide organs.
Flame retardants textile in order to provi de pollutant that is why R Toxic to Reproduction
the flame-retardant ▪ This compund harms the
flame-retardance. highly toxic.
substance foetus, it has negative effetcs
properties. on fertility
▪ May harm the breastfed
infants.
C Carcinogenic
S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
▪ May cause cancer sensitiser
▪ When contacted with skin it is
Colorants an They are used as colorants in Highly toxic for aquatic toxic
Azo Colorants
Pigments textile life. ▪ May cause genetical effects
▪ May cause allergic skin
reactions.

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 Hazardous
Chemical They are found in They can be used
substances
As;
▪ Insect killer,
▪ Fungicidal,
▪ Bacteriostat,
▪ Wood protective,
▪ Biocides
▪ Plactic Stabilisor,
▪ Plastic/ Rubber
▪ Antibacterial for fabric
Organotin materials
preservation,
Compounds ▪ Polyurethane
▪ Stabilizer in PVC process
▪ Dyes
▪ Catalyst in polyurethane
▪ Yarns
and polyester and
antimicrobio in processes
▪ Anti-percipirant in
sportswear products it is
used
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Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
environment
R Toxic to Reproduction
▪ Highly toxic for
▪ When contacted with skin it is S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
aquatic life
toxic. sensitiser
▪ As because it is
▪ It can easily be taken to the
used as a
body and affect the nerve
protective
system
substance in ships
▪ Causes serious eye damages
it causes the
▪ May cause genetic effects
extinction of the
▪ May cause serious elergic
some sea creature
skin reactions.
races.
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 Hazardous
Chemical They are found in They can be used
substances
▪ As carrier substances in
Printing, finshing and
cleaning processes
▪ As Catalisor in order to
make the disperse dye to
be diffused into the fibers
▪ Solvents during the synsthetic fiber
▪ Auxilarry dyeing process.
Chlorobenzenes
chemicals in ▪ In dyeing of wool and
(COC’s)
dyeing polyester fibers because
processes wool fiber has low
resistance in high heat
degrees.
▪ Polyester is used for
dissolving of fiber, dye,
cleaning products, grease
and glue.
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Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
environment
▪ Hazardous for ▪ Affect the liver, kidneys and
organism living in S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
nerve system
water. sensitiser
▪ Cause They head ache,
▪ Hexachlorobenzene dizziness and skin irritation
is one the
▪ May cause allergic skin
“envitonmental
reactions.
hazardous Persistant
Organic Pollutant
▪ May cause irritation on
(POPs)”. respiratory tract
▪ Vapourizer and ▪ May cause cancer (1,4-
combustible dichlorobenzene)
Page 23/47
 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment

C Carcinogenic
▪ May cause cancer
▪ It is extremely S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
▪ May cause serious eye
▪ Finish-Cleaning flammable and
sensitiser
In textile it is generally used for irritation
Processes vapourizer
Halogenated print cleaning. It has solvent ▪ May cause skin and
(grease ▪ Its long term respiratory track irritation
Solvents and thinner features. It is also
extractor) affects it is very
used for degreasing processes. ▪ May cause dizziness and
▪ Solvent hazadous for the
apathy
aquatic life.
▪ May cause genetical effects.

▪ May cause cancer.

▪ As Fungicidal, insecticide, ▪ May cause skin and
algeacide respiratory track irritation
▪ It is used as disinfectant ▪ May cause serious eye
▪ Biocides
and dirt&bacteria irritation
▪ Auxilary preventive in paper Its long term affects it ▪ In long term contacts causes
chemical industry and tannage
Chlorophenols is very hazadous for the damage on reproductive
substances have
processes aquatic life. organ, liver and kidney
a protective
▪ It is a commonly used ▪ It was detected that the
effect.
biocide commonly used in workers who have been
PCP, wood, tectile, leather exposed to Phenols with
and paper industries. chlorine had acne and slight
lesions in the lungs

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ Shot chain parrafins (SCCP)
are used as additive
Short Chain
Auxilary chemical
greasing substance in
PBT Persistent, bioaccumulative
It is a persistent
substances used in and toxic
Chlorinated metal industry. pollutant it is very
order to provide the May cause cancer
Paraffins ▪ In plastics used as flame hazardous for aqutic
flame reterdancy
retardant. life
feature
▪ In rubbers and adhesive
used as slicking material.
PFC compunds can not
be decomposed easily,
they are found in ▪ It can remain for a long time in
▪ It is used in textil, clothing,
nature as persistant the body.
shoes, leather, home
compunds. These ▪ It has effects on liver and
furniture, home textile and
compounds have been thyroid hormones
automotive sector, in
In Finishing detected in rivers, tap ▪ It has an effect of head
grease and water proofing
Perflourinated processes (water, water, food and even circumference and birth
apre finishing
Compounds grease, dirt air and human blood weight descrease on babies.
▪ It is used in textile in order
repellent finish) and because of their ▪ Causes serious skin and eye
to increase the wetting,
biotoxic effects they irritation.
dyeing efficiency.
are assumed as an ▪ Causes very serious skin
▪ In nonwoven fabrics it is
organic pollutant and burnts and eye damages
used as binder.
legal legislations have ▪ May cause skin and
been made about their respiratory track irritation
usage.

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ Contains chronical poisoning,
allergic reactions and cancer
risk
▪ It has a toxic effect when
inhaled. C Carcinogenic
Heavy metals are dye
▪ May harm the organs in
compounds. And apart from S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
repeatedly or long term
this they are found in natural sensitiser
▪ Colorants exposures.
fiber baceuse of the absorption
▪ Naural Fibers ▪ This compound may harm the PBT Persistent, bioaccumulative
from the air and solid and they
(Although foetus, it has negative effects and toxic
are used as dye fixing material. It is a persistent
occurs rarely to fertility. (*Pb, Co, Hg) R Toxic to Reproduction
In some of the chemicals that pollutant it is very
Heavy Metals they can be ▪ May have mortal effects when
are used for textile finishing hazardous for aqutic
found in the air inhailed. May have genetical
process there are little life.
and solid effects. (*Cd)
quantities of heavy metals.
because of ▪ May Cause serious eye
Some of the reactive dyes may
absorption) irritation. (*Co)
contain metal complexes. For
▪ May cause asthma symptoms
example: Copper, Nickel,
and breathing difficulties
Colbalt and Chrom
when inhailed (*Co, Ni)
▪ The heavy metals acumulate
in the inner organs. It is very
hazardous especially for
children.

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ They are good emulgators
and surface active
▪ Detergent
substances.
▪ Softners
▪ They are used as auxilary ▪ They are proven to be bio-
▪ Emulgator It is a persistent
detergent substances for acumulative and toxic for
▪ Dispergator pollutant it is very
fabric bleaching and dirt human life and environment.
APEOs ▪ Colorant hazardous for aqutic
removal procesed ▪ Causes very serious skin
▪ Wetting agent life.
▪ Used in textile and leather burnts and eye damages
▪ Antifoam
Additive
processes, in some ▪ This compound may harm the
pulpifying processes, in foetus, it has negative effects
▪ Polyester fillings
some chemical colorants, to fertility.
antifoam additives

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ It is a carcinogenic substance
when in reaction with gastric
juice highly toxic, irritates the
▪ Pigment print musoca
binders ▪ Causes very serious skin C Carcinogenic
▪ Flock print burnts and eye damages
▪ In order to bring crease S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
adhesives ▪ It is a strong mutagen and
resistance and sensitiser
▪ Flourescent allergen. May cause genetic
Formaldehyde unshrinkability -
paint and effects.
pigments
▪ In order to provide the dye
▪ May cause oedema, chronic
and print fixation.
▪ Print Plackets rihints, bronchial asthma,
▪ Apre - Finish allergic gastritis, colitis and
Processes hypersensitivity.
Hypersensivity may give a
stronger reaction in the next
interaction

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 Hazardous Their hazardous
Their hazardous effects on
Chemical They are found in They can be used effects on Hazard Class and Hazards
human life
substances environment
▪ May cause cancer. (*MDI and
2,6 TDI)
▪ Causes very serious skin
It reacts with components burnts and eye damages. S Sensitiser, skin and respiratory
which contain alcohol and ▪ May harm the organs in
sensitiser
It is a persistent
▪ PU coverings provide the polyurethane
pollutant it is very
repeatedly or long term
▪ Artificial Leathers polymner polymer creation.
hazardous for aqutic
exposures.
Isocyanates
▪ Poliester/Poliamid For example, polyurethane ▪ May cause allergic skin
life.
fiber foams, thermoplastic reactions
elastomer, spandex fiber ve ▪ May cause asthma symptoms
polyurethane dyes. and breathing difficulties
when inhailed
▪ May cause respiratory track
irritation

NOTE: The above given information about “Hazard Classes and Hazards, and their effects on environment and human life” has been taken from
The European Chemicals Agency – ECHA data. For further information please visit www.echa.europa.eu

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Table 1. Explanations of the hazard symbols

Explanations of the Hazard Symbols

▪ Hazardous for aquatic

▪ Oxidants ▪ Acute toxicity
environment

▪ Pressured gases
▪ Explosives ▪ Corrosives
▪ Liquified gases
▪ Self reactive ▪ Skin corrosion
▪ Cooled liquified gases
▪ Organic peroxides ▪ Serious eye damage
▪ Dissolved gases

▪ Combustibles ▪ Acute toxicity

▪ Self reactive
▪ Pyrophoric liquids and
solids emit
▪ Self-heating reactive
▪ ▪
Combustible gas
▪ Organic Peroxides
▪ ▪ Sensitvity in respiratory track
Skin Irritation
▪ Germ cell mutagenicity
▪ Eye Irritation
▪ Skin senstising
▪ Cancinogenicity
▪ Respiratory track irritation
▪ Toxicity in reproductive organs
Special target organs
▪ Special target organ
▪ Respiratory Hazard
toxicty

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 3. Providing the product Treceability
Product treceability is a prioritized subject within the body of LC Waikiki in order to provide
the chemical substance management process. The order code of LC Waikiki orders should be
able to be treceable within the tracing chain of LC Waikiki. Therefore, it is expected that all
the suppliers to know the LC Waikiki order code along with the ready-made-seller’s code and
make the order within the process based on to this order code.

The below given articles should be able to be reached through the order code;

• Code of the fabric used- It’s Lot

• Which chemicals have been used during the whole process
• Which machines have been used (machine park)
• Flotte rate
• Quantity of the chemicals used
• The brand/lot of the chemical used.
• If the operataions are made based on batch under the same order number, the information
if the seperation of it was made.
• Which personnel has made the fabric approval and tracing process

4. Ecological Tests and Product Controls

The chemicals which are used within the company and in the finished products should be
controled in determined periods. For the information about where to encounter the
hazardous chemical substances, the table which is under the “Determining the Risks” part
can be used. The ecological tests should be determined within the scope of Risks. It is
expected that the test results of the performed tests are shared with LC Waikiki.

LC Waikiki traces three test control processes within the scope of ecological tests.

4.1. Raw Material Test

The purchased chemical substances which have the risks of containing the indicated 13
chemical substances should be listed. The raw material content tests should be carried out
depending on the risk classificaion. LC Waikiki will be able to request the raw material test
results within the seasonal periods from the manufacturer. Raw material tests should be
traced within the scope of chemical substance brand, color, batch.

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Table 2. Production Raw Material Risks and Tests to be carried out

Üretim Hammaddeleri Uygulanacak Testler

Plastics / PVC etc. Phthalates, Organotin compounds

Glues / Adhesives Phthalates, Formaldehyde

Polyurethane Phthalates, Isocyanates, Organotin compounds

Auixilary Chemical substances used in order to
provide the Flame – retardant specialites
Colorants
Flame –retardant, Short chain parrafin, Azo
colorants
Heavy Metals, APEO/NPEO, Azo colorants,
Organotin compounds, formaldehyde (Neon
Bdyes)

Biocides Chlorinated phenols, Organotin compounds

Halogenated solvents, Chlorinated Organic

Solvents
carriers- COC's)
APEO/NPEO; Emulgators, Dispergators, wetting
Auixilary Chemical substances which are used agents, Antifoaming agent
in dye processes Chlorinated Organic carriers- COC's; Solvents,
Carriers
Formaldehyde, Perfluorinated compound
(Water, oil and dirt repellent finishings),
Apre - Finish processes
Chlorinated solvents (As the oil extractor in
finishing operations)

Natural Fibers Heavy Metals

Detergents / Softners APEO/NPEO

4.2. Finished Product Tests

Finished product tests are executed in the laboratories of LC Waikiki and the results are
shared with the supplier when requested. In cases where any kind of chemical risk is found
in the products then the reports are handed in to the compound supplier and a risk
evaluation of the retroactive traceability chain is demanded. The finished product tests are
traced based on color within the randomly chosen products.

Suppliers for their own part should control the half producted products such as (fabric, print,
accessory etc) The business flow of the production process should be as indicated in the
table.

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 4.3. Intake water and waste Analysis
Intake water, in the waste water and sewage treatment, is controlled within the scope of
“Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals “. The disposal tests can be taken by LC Waikiki or
by authorized laboratory officers without notification and tested and evaluated. These
analysises can be implemented in the four different points according to the risk level of the
company.
1. It is implemented to the intake water of the company,
2. It is implemented to the waste water at the point of company’s discharge point
3. If there is a waste treatment facility can be done at the discharge point of the
waste treatment facility.
4. It is implemented to the sewage sludge.

Company risks are evaluated according to the 3 different criteria as following,

The location of the supplier, the production process, and if the supplier is in the
Industrial zone or not. For example, the water intake can be demanded in fareast
Countries except China, it can not be demanded from the other countries.

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Table 3. Analysis to be made according to the company risks

Analysis to be made according to the company risks

Manufacturers within OIZ • Effulent water
• Effulent water
Manufacturers out of OIZ • Effulent water after treatment
• Sewage sludge
• Water intake
Fareast countries • Effulent water
(Except China) • Effulent water after treatment
• Sewage sludge

OIZ: Organized Industrial Zone

Fig. 13 Intake water and Waste Analysis Schema

Table 4. Information of the laboratories and location which make waste water analysis within the scope of
ZDHC

Information of the laboratories and location which make waste water analysis within the scope of ZDHC

All the test can be applied in each of these countries such as Tukey,
Intertek
China, Bengladesh

All the tests can be applied in Turkey. Test samples received from
SGS
China and Bangladesh are sent to Turkey to be tested.

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PART 2: ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE
MAIN EXPECTATIONS RELATED TO THE SUBJECT

▪ Presence of a personnel responsible of the environmental compliance process

▪ Creating an environment policy
▪ Compliance to legal legislation
▪ Making the waste water analysis and controlling the compliance of it
▪ Management of non-hazardous, hazardous and packaging waste
▪ Traceability of energy consumption

The basic expectations within the scope of environmental compliance is to set up a system
which is complied with legal legislation and environment management.

Main Titles Explained in this Chapter

Environmental Usage of the factory

Location of the plant Dimension intake water

Wastewater Air Emission Energy consumption

Non-hazardous waste Hazardous waste

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 5. Environmental Management System
LC Waikiki gives importance to human health in products also informs and promotes the
suppliers about decreasing the environmental damage which appears during the production
process. The harm given to the environment, can be caused directly by production waste as
well as the unefficient usage of enegy.

Within the scope of ecology alignment studies, the studies to be made about
environemental compliance both covers the requirements of environmental legislation
compliance and also ISO 14001 basic requirements. It is suggested that companies take
ISO:14001- Environment Management Certificate as a good implementation example.

5.1. Creating the Environment Policy

It is expected that the suppliers create their own environment or sustainability policies.
The below given articles should take part within the environment policy;
• Completing the operating activities, environmental effects
• Containing an undertaking about developing the process and preventing from
pollution
• Compatibility to Legal and International regulations
• Studies related to decreasing of resource, waste and energy consumption

The policy which is created according to the above given articles should be;
o Documented
o Defined in such a way that it covers all the units of the organization
o Undertook by the senior Management

5.2. Evaluating the Environmental Dimensions

By making Environmental Dimension Analysis it is targeted to determine the environmental
dimensions and which ones are important and which of them should be taken as prior within
the company environment management system. When making the environmental
dimension analysisis the criteria of the regulations should be taken into consideration.
Therefore it is requested that the suppliers should follow up the regulations within the scope
of their location and work area. For example, if the company is situated outside of an OIZ
(organized industrial zone) at the point of discharging the waste water from the treatment
facility to environment “Water pollution control regulation “Should be adopted. If there is a
conservation area around the company (such as nature parks, archeological areas, forest etc)
the discharge requirements which are specific to this area should be implemented. For
example; Ergene zone (Tekirdağ) has different discharge limits. When determining the
environmental dimensions the below given points should be considered:

• Emissions deflated to air,

• Wastes left to water, waste water

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 • Wastes left to soil,
• Use of raw material and natural resoruces,
• Use of energy,

5.3. Compliance to Legal Legislation

It is necessary to follow up of the legal legislation and legislation changes and in order to be
complied to these legislations, to have a personnel in charge related to environment
management system (or receiving consultancy service on environment) and to determine
the job descriptions. Basically it is expected that the below given requirements are met.

5.3.1. Environmental Permit

The company should have environment permit or temporary activity certificate in order to
be able to carry on business. (In cases where there is no temporary activity certificate a
letter of conformity can be taken from the provincial directorate of environment, if there is a
treatment facility it is necessary to have the project to be approved). For the companies
which are within the scope of environment permit it is necessary to have the exemption
document ( Environment permit subjects are; air emissions, environmental noise, waste
water discharge, deep sea discharge)

5.3.2. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

If there is no negative situation which can affect the environment according to the results of
the company evaluation “EIA positive” decision can be made or “Not necessary” evaluation
may be given. It is expected that the official evaluation is made. If any kind of activity has
been started newly which can affect the environment within the scope of EIA positive or
Exemption decisions, a new evalution is require to be made again.

5.3.3. Discharge License

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 5.3.4. Compliance of the Waste water Analysis
The wastewater values should be appropriate according to the water pollution control
regulation (pH, heat, COD, SS (Suspended Solid) etc.).

5.4. Waste Management System

It is expected that a waste management plan is created and the whole process is turned into
a written procedure for the hazardous, non-hazardous and packaging waste within the legal
legislation.

Waste resources and the information of the waste type which will appear based on
processes should be determined. This study should be diagrammatized in order to provide
the understandability of the personnel and kept in a visible point of the waste zone.

Fig 14: Waste Hierarchy

5.4.1. Hazardous Waste

Hazardous wastes are combustible, burner, cancerogenic, explosive, irrtating and poisonous
wastes which create danger for environment and human life. All kinds of wastes contacted
with hazardous chemical substances, are considered to be hazardous waste. The hazardous
wastes are kept in a separate in a different place from the others by taking the required
precautions and recorded until the disposal is made. The basic hazardous wastes are;
• Chemical wastes released from the company,
• Packages contacted to chemicals,
• Fluorescence wastes,
• Substances such as textile materials which have ben contacted with chemicals and
contaminated

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 • Organical substances which are formed from natural products (e.g. oil, candle)
• Wastes which contain organical solvents
• Dye substances and pigments which contain hazardous substances.
• Sludges which contain hazardous substances caused by waste water treatment
• Unfinished textile fiber waste
• Finished textile fiber waste

It is expected to provide the hazardous waste to be in compliance with the below given
articles.

• To have a written procedure in order to follow up of the hazardous waste

• To have a liability insurance for the hazardous waste.
• To have the hazardous waste to be collected by the licensed companies, to have the
hazardous waste discharge records to be kept and to have the “National Waste
Discharge Form” which have been use to discharge the waste to be appropriate.
• The company to have the temporary waste storage permit (for 6 months)
• To fulfil the annual waste statement;
• To have an industrial waste management plan and having it to be approved.
• To fulfil the criteria which is indicated within the waste zone (appropriate
precautions against leakage, storing different kind of waste separately, appropriate
labelling, sufficient ventillation, information of the person in charge etc.)

5.4.2. Non-Hazardous Waste

The waste which is not included to the hazardous waste classification is named as Non-hazardous
waste. It is one of the priorities of LC Waikiki also to have the recycling of the non-hazardous waste
as well as following up of the hazardous waste. The follow up of the given non-hazardous waste
should be made, after the recycling process the usage area of the recycled waste should be
registered.

It is expected to provide the non- hazardous waste to be in compliance with the below given
articles.

• To have a written procedure in order to follow up of the hazardous waste

• To determine the processes of the company which produce non-hazardous waste
and keep the inventory of them
• To keep the record of the non-hazardous waste quantities based on process annualy
• To have the hazardous waste to be collected by the licensed companies,
• To have the non-hazardous waste to be separated from the hazardous waste and
have them labelled.
• The non-hazardous waste should be included to the waste management plans.

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 5.4.3. Packaging Wastes
Packaging Wastes are the packaging materials which are used for presenting the product to
the consumer or end user and also covers all the reusable packages of which have reached
to their lifetime, the packages that have been thrown or left to the environement, secondary
and transport packages except from the manufacturing effulents. The wastes which have
been contacted to hazardous chemical substances and comtaminated ones are considered
within the category of hazardous waste. The non-hazardous waste except the mentioned
ones are suggested to be delivered to the recycling department and also it is suggested to
make their follow up.

It is expected to provide the packaging wastes to be in compliance with the below given
articles.

• That the packaging waste quantity should take place in the waste inventory,
• To provide the recycling or ensure the recycling companies to do it
• The packaging wastes to be disposed by the Licensed companies
• To have the packaging waste storage to be made in another location and the labelling
to have the labelling to be made in an appropriate way.
• The packaging waste should be declared according to the legal legislation .

1 2

Fig.15- 1) Labelling the waste codes 2) Blind channel 3) Waste Zone

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 5.4.4. Domestic and Industrial Waste Water
Domestic and Industrial water separation at the production area should be preferred as
much as possible and the recycling and usage of it should be provided. All the sampling and
control results of the legal authorities should be recorded and kept within the company.

5.4.4.1. Domestic Waste Water

All the water consumed in the kitchen of the facility and for the other personal needs is
considered as domestic wastewater. It is expected that the domestic wastewater is
separated from the industrial wastewater and followed up separately.

It is expected to provide the domestic wastewater to be in compliance with the below given
articles.

• There should be a written procedure about following up the domestic wastewater

quantity of the facility
• There should be a flowmeter in the facility in order to measure the domestic
wastewater,
• The record of the domestic wastewater consumption should be kept monthly
• Domestic wastewater discharge should be made according to the legal legislation.

5.4.4.2. Industrail Wastewater

Industrial wastewater should not be discharged directly to the receiving environment, the
necessary legal controls should be made. LC Waikiki accepts the ZDHC parameters and also
legally determined wastewater quality parameters. In countries where there are no
parameters or regulations related to wastewater then the Turkish wastewater parametres
are used as a base and water quality performances are evaluated. In countries where there
are legal regulations of wastewater then these legal limits shall be used as a base.

It is expected to provide the Industrail wastewater to be in compliance with the below given
articles.

• There should be a written procedure about following up the Industrial wastewater

quantity of the facility,
• The processes which cause the industrial wastewater in the facility should be
determined,
• The record of the industrail wastewater formation quantites should be kept monthly
based on process,
• In addition to the legal requirements, BOI measurements should be made within the
3 months period,
• To determine the industrial wastewater discharge points

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 • To keep the records of wastewater treatment facility parametres, capacity, and
efficiency
• To make the hazardous chemical substance tests which are mentioned in the manual
at least once in a year and follow up the results

5.4.5. Emissions
The emission points of the facility should be determined. Boilers, oil burners and furnaces
are primarily resoruces which produce emission. Even there is no burning in the facility
chimneys it is expected that the dust measurements are made. Along with emission
measurements in textile companies VOC measurements should also be made.

It is expected that emission controls evaluated by the accredited companies and the emision
risks are determined.

It is expected that the emissions to be in compliance with the below given articles.

• There should be a written procedure about following up the emission quantity of the
facility,
• The processes which cause the emission in the facility should be determined,
• To follow up the records of the emission quantitites based on process and within the
frame of legal legistations.
• To determine the emission discharge points and have them documented (showing
them on a plan)
• To make an urgent action plan for the air pollution escape
• In cases where the facility is not subject to the environment permit and when
systems such as steam boiler etc are used, the chimney cleaning and maintenance
should be made annulay and their records should be kept.

5.5. The efficient use of Energy and Creating the

Traceability
In order to use the energy in an eficient way and determining the required improvements
the treacicility of the energy consumption should be provided. In the companies, in order to
provide the traceability of the consumptions a written procedure should be created and a
person in charge responsible for tracing should be assigned.

In the field studies, LC Waikiki evaluates the energy resources based on its own orders and
their data is followed up annually.

If renewable energy systems such as Solar energy, wind power are used they should be
registered and reported separately.

In order to provide the traceability;

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 • The process based energy usage resources should be determined and the
consumptions should be followed up in three-month periods. (For example; water
consumption for dyeing machines, natural gas used for boilers, electricity
consumption etc)

The required equipment in order to follow up the consumption based on process

(counter, flow meter) should be provided. Studies in order to provide the traceability and
reduce the consumption and determine the recycling needs can be determined easily,
and the necessary improvements can be made.

5.6. Environmental Performance

By using the current and best techniques subjects such as “Waste, Water, Air Emission,
Energy Consumption, Raw Material consumption and Noise “can be achieved. The
improvements which can be made within the guidance of the below given tables. The
improvements which take place in the tables are shared as reference, the same achievement
can not be provided becauses of the diferences of the manufacturing processes.

Legally and as a requirement it is expected that our suppliers carry out at least one best
example according to its processes. “The best current tecniques” which are carried our
within the facility will be audited during the ecological harmonization audits.

Table 5. Values related to Their Effect on the Environmental Performance

VALUES RELATED TO THEİR EFFECTS ON THE ENVİRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE

4 5 6 7 8 9
It has no
There is no effect on the >50%
Waste environmental
20% decrease 30% decrease 40% decrease
decrease decrease
performance
It has no
Biyobozunur effect on the 20-10% 30-40% 50-60% >60%
Water environmental decrease decrease decrease
değil decrease
performance
It has no
effect on the >50%
Ait Emission High Pollution environmental
20% decrease 30% decrease 40% decrease
decrease
performance
It has no
Energy High effect on the 20-10% 30-40% 50-60% >60%
Consumption Consumption environmental decrease decrease decrease decrease
performance
It has no
Raw Material High effect on the >50%
20% decrease 30% decrease 40% decrease
Consumption Consumption environmental decrease
performance
It has no
effect on the 30 – 40 dBA 50 – 60 dBA >70 dBA
Noise High Noise environmental
10 – 20 dBA
decrease decrease decrease
performance

The environmental improvements’ approximate effects on the performance can be found on Table 5.
Evaluation between 0-4 means there is an environmental disadvantage, 5 means there is neither

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 positive nor negative effect on the environment, evaluation between 6-9 means environmental
evaluations can be provided.

Table 6. Environmental Improvement Scaling according to Processes

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

SPINNING AND WEAVING

Changing the traditional oils with atwer- 5 7 5 7 5 5
soluble ones.
Substitution of the mineral oils (with low
biodegradability) within the process of 6 7 5 5 5 5
preparing synthetic fibers with oil acid esters

Changing the mineral oils which are used for

5 7 6 5 5 5
spinning with glycol based products

Decreasing the chemical substance usage in

5 7 5 6 7 5
the knitting factory

Using synthetic paraffin within the warp

5 7 6 6 6 5
formula

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

PRELIMINARY FINISH
Recovery of sizing materials 6 8 6 6-7 7 5

Recycling the sizing substances 5 7 6 6 5 5

Oxdative method to dispose the sizing

5 9 7 8 7 5
substances

Enzymatic Cleaning 5 9 7 7 6 5

Removing the cotton sizings in a single-stage,

5 8 6 6 5 5
cleaning and washing them

By using a pad-batch system prufying the

5 8 5 5 6 5
minerals of the cotton and removing the sizings

Alkalinin merserizasyondan geri kazanılması 5 7 5 5 6 5

Cotton having a pre-treatment with catonizing

5 7 6 5 5 5
substances.

Changing the chlorine (Cl) containing

5 7 5 5 5 5
compounds of the bleaching process

Minmizing the level of the substances which

4 8 6 5 5 5
create complex in the bleaching process

Washing the elastic knitted fabrics before the

5 8 8 5 5 5
thermofixing

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 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

DYEING
Minimizing the dye bath loss in the padding
6 8 5 6 7 5
process

Optimizing the jet-dye machines 5 8 7 6 7 5

Optimizing the dye within the process of jet

5 7 7 7 6 5
overflow dyeing machine

Optimizing the dyeing bath 5 7 6 6 6 5

Econtrol process: dyeing the cellulosic fabrics

5 8 6 7 5 5
with reactive dyes.

New reduction baths to be used in the dyeing

5 7 5 5 5 5
of polyester with disperse dyes

Post treatments with enzyms in the dyeing with

5 6 6 6 6 5
reactive dyes processes

Using the new sulphuric dyes. 7 8 7 6 5 5

Choosing the new reactive dye types 5 7 5 7 7 5

Dyeing cellulosic fibres with reactive dyes

5 8 5 5 5 5
according to the exhaust process

Substituting the chrome and chrome

5 8 5 6 5 5
mordants with reactive dyes.

Dyeing wool with pre-metallized dyes 5 8 5 5 6 5

Dyeing poliyester or poliyester mixtures with

5 8 6 5 5 5
alternative carriers or without using carriers

Washing and dyeing the poliyester knitted

5 9 7 8 5 5
fabrics in one single bath

Biodegradable dispersion substances 5 8 5 5 5 5

New oxidizing system to dye with sulphureos

7 8 7 6 5 5
dyes

Supercritic carbon dioxide usage 5 7 7 6 6 5

Using liposomes as an auxiliary substance of

6 8 6 7 6 5
wool dyeing

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 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

PRINT
Pigment print placket which have optimized
5 9 7 7 7 5
environmental performance

Recycling of the remaining print plackets 7 6 5-6 5 8 5

Minimizing the print placket feeding systems

5 9 5 5 7 5
in Rotational print machines

Two phased reactive print 5 7 5 5 7 5

Substitution and/or minimization of the urea in

5 6 4 6 5 5
reactive print

Ink-jet digital print for plane fabrics 7 9 7 6 7 7

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

FINISH AND SIZING

Crease resistance finishing processes which
do not contain formaldehyde or do contain 5 9 9 5 5 5
very slight formaldehyde

Catalysis with enzymes 5 7 6 6 6 5

Systems aimed to apply minimum finish 5 7 EM 7 5 5

Minimising the softener substance usage

5 7 6 6 6 5
within the stapled treatments

Minimising the emissions of the products

5 7 4 4 5 5
which contain insecticide

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTED Energy Raw Material
Waste Water Aır Emission Noise
Consumption Consumption

ELIMINATION OR SUBSTITUATION OF THE CHEMICALS

Substitution of the complex composer
substances formed by nitrogen and/or 6 8 5 4 4 5
phosphor

Choosing environment friendly anti-foaming

5 7 6 5 5 5
substances

Substitution of the surface active agents with

5 7 5 5 5 5
biodegradable surface active agents

Plasma Technology 6 7 6 6 6 5

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 5.7. Trainings

It is required to make tranings to the related personnel about the environement

management and keep these trainings recorded. In these trainings the subjects related to
the activities of the facility & processes and how they affect the environment should be
mentioned.

It may be necessary to train the employees in a process based technical way except from the
general trainings. (For example; Waste separation, waste storage etc.) These kinds of
processes should be determined and they should be kept recorded.

It is expected that these trainings should be made at least one in a year periodically.

5.8. Corrective and Preventive Activities

In order to eliminate or prevent from the non-conformities which can be faced within the
facility while doing the environment management it is necessary to be engaged in an
activity. The process of the corrective and preventive activities should be turned into a
procedure, and the non-conformites should be recorded and these records should be
followed up.

Within the corrective and preventive studies, it should be determined how to eliminate or
prevent from the non-conformities and it should be assured that these non-conformities are
eliminated. The efficiency of the solution which has been gained during the activity studies
and it should be recorded. (Documented)

It is expected that the management reviews the activity studies and subjects related to
general environment system at least once annually (Management Oversight meetings to be
made)

REFERENCES
The below given references were used while preparing this document.

1. Best Available techniques Reference document for Textile Industry (November 2002)
2. Genaral Principles of Waste Management and Classification of hazardous wastes
3. BAT Implementations in a facility
4. BAT manual for textile industry- Project TR-2008-IB-EN-03 / Republic of Turkey The
ministry of Environment and Urbanisation

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