coLor mAs distinguished from tone, results from the hues of the spectrum. mit may be inherent (colored by nature} iit may be applied (painted or decorated) The HUES ofthe spectrum are: PRIMARY COLORS ~ red, yellow, blue ‘SECONDARY COLORS - orange, green, violet TERTIARY COLORS ~ red-orange, yellow-orange yellow-green, blue-green, blue violet, red-violet THE DIFFERENT COLOR SCHEMES *MONOCHROMATIC- uses one color in different shades or tints -COMPLIMENTARY- colors opposite each other in the color whee! ( Yellow and violet) *SPLIT-COMPLIMENTARY- a color and the two ‘colors besides its compliment ( yellow, biue-volet, red-vilet) sANALOGOUS- 3 or mote colors beside each other on the color wheel “TRIADS - uses three colors PSYCHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF COLORS Roc-orange — heat, stimulation, activity, richness, splendor and dignity ‘Pink ~ daintiness, gaiety, animation Yellow, yellow-green — dryness, crispness, relaxation, warmth, light, cheer Green-blue ~ coldness, spaciousness, passivity, tranquility Violet - coolness, limpness, dullness, daintiness, reservation, femininity s=Brown — warmth DECORATIVE USES and EFFECTS of COLORS ‘Red: stimulating or cheering to the melancholy or lazy; upsetting to the nervous or overactive; attention compelling (use in dining room, library and kilchen in small quantities) Blue — soothing to the nervous; depressing to the morose. Inseparablo mentally with limitabilty- the old immensity of space, infiniy. It has an intellectual appeal, Symbolially, it is the color of truth, which is the resuit of calm reflection and never of heated argument ‘Yellow- in certain hues, the sensation of glory, cheerfulness; in other variations, cowardice, cheapness. Connotes splendor, radiance, vividness. It is of great healing value to the brain, (use in masses ‘or small quantities, where ight is poor. -Green ~ cooling, not productive of extreme reaction, Symbolic of serenity and rebirth; suggestive of hope. Orange - associated with lite, wellbeing, energy, {avoid bright orange in messes) -Browmn (tan-golden brown) depressing if used alone; best combined with orange, yellow, gold. (use ‘sparingly to avoid drabness, in living room, brary) Purple (plum, mauve, orchid) - associated with heroism, or with passion and mystery, pomp, gorgeousness, it has a soothing influence, (use sparingly in living room, library. -Lavender, violet - (may be used in bodrooms) -Pink — slightly stimulating. (use in masses, or in bedroom or nursery) ‘Black, white, gray ~ intensify colors in a room COLOR USAGE 1sTo create a cool or warm atmosphere wTo create a spacious ora small ora small space ssTo create a dark or bright room mTo denote as code of function and safety ssTo stimulate or reduce excitability COLOR as an EXPRESSION ELEMENT of DESIGN ‘=Uiform color of the four walls of a room Spreading Effect Ares effect ‘mColors on non-uniform background miradiation Effect (Iilsions) COLOR BRILLIANCE 1812 steps of gray from white to black and the hues in matching briliance PALETTES. Primary Colors Primary & Noutral Colors Secondary Colors, sTinis and Shades Primary with B & W smBlack and White ssMonochromatic Scheme Tints Shades Mixture band Splitcomplimentary pairs ‘sComplimentary pairs and mixtures ssMixture of two complimentary pairs Shades and tones of Colors, THE CONCORD OF COLORS Harmony — implies balance and symmetry of force ve tt 3016. 258 slaversion of Proportion ssColor against cold and warm colors ‘=Contrast of warm and cold colors ‘=Cold warm modulation of colors INTENSITY OF COLORS Colors against W & B ‘mColors against warm, cold or neutral colors SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST sGray- each gray seems. fo be tinged with the complimentary background, the simultaneous effect becomes intense, the longer the principal color is viewed «Gray with bluish fink is intensified by the simultancous effect “Neutral gray suffers simultaneous modification ‘Gray with admixture of orange fails to be mosified APPLICATIONS. "Offices ~ cool and pastel mindustrial Plants- red for fre equipment, yellow for danger areas, green for first-aid station mResidences- varies according fo function mCommercia-stimulating and exciting ales im lobbies, neutral in coridors institutional — pastel colorsApplication #4 Textured surfaces absorb and reflect light differently from flat surfaces, subtly changing the perfection and feel of applied color. Found chairs, catefully sanded and painted to hide wear and tear, appear creamy. The colors seoms soft, By contrast, the painted fence derives its visual interest from the rough-hewn surface thal suits its natural and earthly hues, Application # 2 It is believed that blue, particularly dark shades, enhances the ablity to remember dreams. Bright accent colors and 2 white duvet cover keep this predominantly blue palette from overwhelming the smell room Application #3 ‘The Architect and Interior Designer highlight a mostly glass bedroom wall with a soft wash of green paint ‘The treatment adds just enough prominence to the wall’s horizontal proportions to keep it from being lost beneath the room's high ceiling Application # 4 «The palette and patterns of this dining room designed by artist Anne Kelly are slight variation on those of the adjacent living roam, creating the ilusion of 2 room within a room. Blue and pink borders imitate the look ‘of chair rails, an architectural detail usually seen in more traditional rooms that protects the wall from being scraped by chair backs Application # § Although they are unusual shades of yellow and green, the duet of color on the checkerboard wall hammonize and fit the whimsical feel of this family ‘oom designed by architects Hank Koning and Julio Eizenberg Application # 6 The dining room's muted walls are the perfect background against which to showcase a collection of colorful Riviera dinnerware Application # 7 Color and texture enhance the rich neutral palette of this craftsman-style dining room by Archt, Larry Totah The thin band of rus-brown, which is composed of hammered copper sheets, reflects ight differently from the mottled wal treatment located beneath it Application #8 A pearly off-white is 2 subtle backdrop to vintage furnishings. Small amounts of warm yellow, reds, of brown mixed into white paint wil create a warm, soft shade of oftwhite Application #9 The palette in Holly wood set designer Jeremy Railton's ining room is dramatic and bold, but because red, blue, and gold are prominent colors in Chinese culture and lore, it is appropriate for the COfiental décor. A white ceiling helps to open up the color scheme and the room. Application # 10 sin Archt, Jose de Yturbe's weekend home, potted geraniums cascade down a specially designed, stepped wall in an all-white breakfast room. The flower's red and green palette, spotighted by surtight creates a dramatic, naturally appealing color scheme, Application # 11 A dream inspired Murphy to suspend cightecn radiant red chandeliers from the ceiling of his white living room, After removing the crystals, he painted various materials- metal, plastic, copper- a fat white for a consistent base color. His monochromatic color scheme unifies the myriad of siyles, shapes, and sizes Application # 12 sin this room designed by Anne Kelly, the Continuation ofthe celing color onto the top portion of the walls shrinks the vertical dimensions by meking the celing appear lover and the walls shorter. The thin ochor band visually attaches the bottom of the room to the top. Application #13, Color and design meld past and present influences in a remodeled family room. Archt Scot! Johnéon and Margot Alotsin painted cubbies of to wood clsplay cases in hues that complement the decorative glass ‘and ceramics that they contain, Presenting the palette. in 2 cifferent pattern within each bookcase adds variety and interest without tipping the room's balanced design. From e distance, the bookcase appear as small beads of colar that help lowor the perceived height ofthe cathedral caling Application # 14 A technique known as faux marbling, which imitates the luxurious look of marble, carves out a stunning fireplace in colors new to Mother nature's quarries The imaginative switling and rich colors add texture and drama fo the fireplace, makingit a focal point for a decorative accessories and furnishings. Arist Steve Shrivers artful shading of the gole-painted accents on the the mantel gives the illusion of dimension, Application # 15 Architects Craig Hodgets and Ming Fung use contemporary palette fo complement the structure and design ofthis moder hilside home Application # 16 in an ironic statement, the palette chosen for this funky desert house symbolizes the basic colors found in nature: the powder-blue buiidng represents the st, the yellow chirmey evokos the sun, the green center structure suggests grass, and the small orange building mimics the color of clay found in deserts and dry environments Application # 17 Many Victorian homes are as memorable for thoir inerplay of color and architecture as for their distinctive shapes. This home in Aspen, Colorado, is no exception. Touches of yellow, shades of violet, 2 bright white emphasize ‘rim and other decorative details Prepared by ‘ARCH, WILLA, SOLOMON College of Architecture, UST