ock, the most n type of shock, occurs when blood volume decreases through hemorrhage or movement

of fluid frcommpreveHypovolemic shnting additional fluid loss. restoring volume through IV fluids, and
improving hemodynamioom the intravascular compartment into the interstitial space (third-spacing).

Treatment i c stability through vasoactive medications (eg, norepinephrine, dopamine) Norepinephrine

causes vasocon and cautiously to avoid the progression or relapse of shock.

(Option 1) Oxygen ygenvia fanvolvescemask is used striction and improves heart contractility/output.
but the effects end quickly. It should be tapered slowly

to improve tissue oxation during shock. With improvement, it would be appropriate to wean the client
to a nasal cannula. This clantibiotics would be a greater concern if the client were in septic, rather than
hypovolemic, shock. It is more impient has an is available to ensure hemodynamic stability. saturation of
99%; therefore, weaning is appropriate. fluid that decreases circulatory volume. Clients in hypovolemic
shock require isotonic solutions (eg, 0.9

(Option 3) Postponing ortant to confirm that

(Option 4) 0.45% normal saline (% NS) is a hypotonic % NS, (eg, excessive perspiration). lactated Ringer)
to increase circulatory volume. Infusion of '% NS is more appropriate for a client with hypertonic
dehydration shock occurs when blood volume decreases via hemorrhage or third-spacing. e source of
bloo, increasing blood

Educational objective: Hypovolemic volume through IV fluids, and improving blood pressure can cause
hemodynamic instability; these medications should always be tapered slowly. d loss

oxygen norepinephrine are the first steps in treating this condition. Abruptly discontinuing vasoactive
medications

Stopping th

with vasoactive medications

s during pregdiabetes mellitunancy exposes the fetus to high blood glucose (BG) levels. This results in
fetal hyperglycemia

Poorly controlled, whicboinsulin hyrn

Explanation h causes Immediately after birth, transient hyperinsulinemia and sudden cessation of the
maternal glucose supply put the new at risk for persecretion by the fetus and promotes abnormal
growth and storage of fat (macrosomia). hypoglycemia.

Although there is mg/dL no newborn age <24 hounewborn hrs low BG and is is 40-60 (2.2-3.3 mmollL),
and a low BG is <40-45 mg/dL (<2.2-2.5 mmol/L standard definition for nemediawborn hypoglycemia, a
normal range for serum BG in a). If a as a further hypoglycemia (Option asymptomatic. imte feeding with
formula or breast milk should begin to increase BG and prevent 1).
(Option 2) If tnurse che neis symptomatic or BG levels remain <40-45 mg/dL (2.2-2.5 mmol/L) after
feeding, the ontact are priorities.

(Option 4) Newborctivens should notify the

symptomatic (eg, poor feeding, jitteriness, irritability) or those whose BG is not increased through
feeding requir3) Altho e IV ay ca wborn use provider and prepare to administer IV gluor fcose.

(Option ugh cold stress glucose. Common signs include poor feeding, jitteriness, and irritability who
haypoglycemia occurs commonly in

levels and ve hypoglycemia and are with low blood glucose (<40-45 mg/dL [2.2-2.5 mmoULD should be
fed breast milk ormula

Educational obje: Hconsumption of stored newborns of mothers with diabetes due to elevated insulin.

immediately.

glucose m hypoglycemia, feeding and keeping the newborn warm via skin-to-skin administration.
Asymptomatic newborns health care