New York City can’t rebound without

Broadway. And Broadway’s road back

is uncertain.
By Peter Marks
WASHINGTON POST
September 8, 2020 at 6:00 a.m. EDT
NEW YORK — For months now, Thomas Schumacher's dining room table has been
taken over by a master list of every Broadway show that's seeking to reopen or schedule
an opening night — from the established "The Lion King" to the new "Diana: A True
Musical Story." Since the pandemic-related shutdowns, the Disney Theatrical Group
president and his colleagues have been working through various scenarios to get New
York theater back on its feet.

But a half-year into an ongoing human tragedy and economic calamity that has drained
the cultural lifeblood of the city, neither Schumacher — who is also chairman of the
Broadway League trade group — nor anyone else knows for sure when the nation’s
premier performing arts district will start up again. The earliest estimates for some of
New York’s concert halls and theaters to resume are spring 2021; a few new
productions, such as “The Music Man” with Hugh Jackman and “Plaza Suite” with
Matthew Broderick and Sarah Jessica Parker, have announced early spring beginnings
on Broadway. Even so, those involved in the planning say privately that it could be
autumn 2021 before venues reopen.

Repeatedly, as science and government grapple with understanding covid-19’s patterns

and devastating impacts, arts leaders here — as elsewhere — have had to build and
rebuild safety plans for both arts workers and audiences. At the city’s pace-setting
institutions — the 41 theaters of Broadway, the campus of Lincoln Center, the dance and
music and other performance spaces of downtown and the outer boroughs — dates for
reopening have been set and then pushed back, as the logistical questions evolve and
multiply.

The task has proved far more daunting than anyone could have imagined, amounting to
a struggle of wrenchingly complex proportions with no reliable end in sight. And at this
point, though, Broadway — the ultimate land of make-believe — is holding on to a hope
that early 2021 is still feasible. “I am believing that this spring we will be back because
we have to commit to it,” Schumacher said. “We have to come back. And we have to gird
our loins.”

Still, he and his colleagues are wrestling with monumental challenges: How do 10 or 20
or possibly even 30 productions — all essentially starting from zero in ticket sales —
manage to reanimate Broadway all at once? How is the industry’s limited rehearsal
space assigned? How staggered do the reopenings have to be? Should shows that were
struggling before be gently encouraged to throw in the towel?

Broadway alone accounts for more tickets sold each year than for all of the metropolitan
area’s professional sports teams, and the industry pumps on the order of $13 billion
annually into the city economy. It seems fair to say, then, that until the return to health
of the performing arts, the city cannot really be said to be back.

The problems for theaters and concert halls — ventilation systems in need of updating,
cramped quarters for artists and other workers in backstage areas, a lack of specific
federal guidance about what safety measures are required, and a host of other issues —
are bedeviling the path back for the purveyors of some of the world’s premier venues
and attractions. Some of Broadway’s theaters, such as the Belasco and Lyceum, date
back to just after the turn of the 20th century, with narrow passageways and dressing
rooms, sometimes shared, that are more like closets. An actor’s quick costume change in
a tiny nook backstage can require two or even three assistants, all breathing in the same
few cubic feet of oxygen.

Such is the degree of difficulty that while the city’s flagship art museums are already
reopening, with state- and city-approved controls on capacity and mandates for masks,
theaters have no firm restart date.

The timetable hinges on advances in detection and prevention of the novel coronavirus,

via development of rapid testing and vaccines. These are crucial in the commercial
domain of Broadway, where social distancing is an untenable remedy for multimillion-
dollar productions that require their 1,000- to 2,000-seat spaces to be filled to near-
capacity to be profitable. Museum directors like Adam Weinberg of the Whitney
Museum of American Art say they have been able to demonstrate that their air-filtration
systems and crowd-control procedures are adequate. Performance venues have not.

As Scott Rudin, producer of now-dormant Broadway hits such as “The Book of

Mormon” and “To Kill a Mockingbird,” explains, the other variables that must be taken
into account are mind-boggling. “How many shows come back and at what level of
attendance?” he said in a Zoom interview. “What will labor do? What will [theater]
owners do? What does working from home mean for the nightlife of New York? What
happens to hotels, restaurants, tourism? How many people leave the city and don’t come
back?”

Tallying the financial losses to a bedrock sector of the New York economy is itself a
gargantuan task: In the six months since the historic shutdown began — a closure
without parallel in American life — the jobs of thousands of performers, directors,
designers, stagehands, ushers, box-office workers, administrators, publicists and more
have been cast into limbo. The aid doled out by the federal Paycheck Protection Plan
and unemployment benefits helped arts staffers hold on, but now, stories abound of
performers and other creative-economy workers leaving the city.
The financial losses are staggering, and mounting: Consider that for the period in 2019
of the second week in March to Sept. 1 — the length of the shutdown so far — Broadway
alone took in $853 million in ticket sales.

“In my neighborhood, I’m watching three people move away a day,” said Warren
Adams, a choreographer who, with actor T. Oliver Reid, created the Black Theatre
Coalition to help bring more people of color into the industry. Reid added: “I have
friends, couples, who are both in the business — people with Tony nominations — their
work stopped and they have no money coming in. How are we looking at this as a
culture, as an industry?”

Marcy Richardson is hanging on, but only barely, and she’s both angry and illustrative of
how the pandemic has upended artists’ lives. A classically trained opera singer who lives
in Brooklyn, she honed a second specialty as an acrobat and has worked steadily for
years in variety shows and high-end burlesque, with avant-garde troupes such as
Bushwick’s Company XIV and event producers including Susanne Bartsch. Now, as the
$75,000 she made last year as a singing aerialist goes to zero, Richardson, 40, doesn’t
understand why government aid has not been solidified to help sustain backbone-of-
the-city steady earners like herself.

“We are small, locally owned businesses that are trying to make art a business,” she said.
“I’ve never felt less valued and so disrespected as an artist. I want to know, ‘Do you not
care if we disappear into thin air?’ ”

At this point, federal aid for the arts sector exists on paper only: Sens. Amy Klobuchar
(D-Minn.) and John Cornyn (R-Tex.) introduced the “Save Our Stages” bill this summer,
seeking $10 billion in relief aid for live venues. But its chances in the short term are not
good.

“It felt more realistic in June than in August of an election year,” said Narric Rome, vice
president of government affairs and arts education for Americans for the Arts, an
advocacy group. “There are definitely not too many members of Congress who want to
talk about that right now.”

Richardson’s plea resonates with another issue outlined by Henry Timms, president of
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, which runs 30 indoor and outdoor facilities on a
16-acre campus housing the Metropolitan Opera, New York City Ballet, Lincoln Center
Theater and nine other organizations: how this turbulent time affects not only the
bottom line, but also the psychology of a city that prides itself on its cosmopolitanism.
“We frame this conversation in terms of economic recovery,” Timms said in an
interview. “But actually the biggest question is about social recovery. The arts in general
have a critical place in terms of recovering from the pandemic, and the really interesting
challenge for the arts — when we are seeing some of the worst of ourselves — is that the
arts represents the best of ourselves. The job of the arts is to be part of that human
recovery.”
Culture is one of New York’s most invigorating lures: In 2019, leisure travel, of which
the arts is a huge component, accounted for 53 million visitors to the city. Privately,
Broadway insiders report they have had to explain to New York state officials, eager for
Times Square to come alive again, that even with new protocols in place, revival is a
months-long endeavor, requiring facilities upgrades, marketing campaigns and a
coordinated strategy for unveiling new shows and reintroducing long-running hits. A
new TV spot by NYC & Company, the city’s official convention and visitors bureau, hints
at how far off normalcy remains: The 30-second commercial, telecast during the
crowdless 2020 U.S. Tennis Open in Queens, stresses the city’s people and its
neighborhoods. “Big emotions. Intimate moments. Grit,” reads the spot’s messaging,
intermingled with shots of everyday New Yorkers.

No words appear about more traditional tourist attractions — because there are no
tourists to appeal to, foreign or domestic, and few for the foreseeable future.
The emphasis, said Chris Heywood, NYC & Company’s executive vice president of global
communications, is to motivate local residents to explore the city.

“We really need New Yorkers to help us rebuild the vibrancy of the city,” he said.
The needs, though, of musicals and symphonies and ballet companies are profoundly
intertwined with other amenities, like restaurants and hotels, being back in full swing,
too. As one arts leader, speaking on the condition of anonymity because of the
sensitivity of the issue, observed: “The city can’t come back without Broadway. But
Broadway can’t come back without the city being somewhat what it was before.”
The practical challenges of recovery are so vast that Broadway has set up, through its
trade group, the Broadway League, 42 task forces to address the crisis. Some 350 of its
800-plus members are involved. “There are 20 labor task forces, one for each union,”
said Charlotte St. Martin, the league’s president. Ten others are tackling marketing
issues; five are set up to interact with the city, state and federal agencies. Two
Washington lobbyists, one with ties to Democrats, the other to Republicans, have been
hired to seek stimulus funding for arts venues and artists in proposed legislation;
epidemiologists and industrial hygienists are advising on safety and air filtration. The
issues are as diverse as how to handle intermissions, when longer bathroom breaks may
be required, to what kind of financial aid or tax credits the government might devise.

“We have developed protocols for over 200 actions,” St. Martin added, “everything
down to the minutest protocols, for example, for how to protect wig dressers. And we
are talking to the city. They may very well close down some of the side streets [of Times
Square] to give us easier theater ingress and egress.”
Among the most pressing concerns is the health of the people who will be in the theaters
and halls every day.

“From our perspective, the top of the list is safety,” said Kate Shindle, president
of Actors’ Equity Association, which represents 51,000 actors and stage managers. The
union has been evaluating the protocols being put in place by companies across the
country, recently okaying a plan by the producers of “Diana: A True Musical Story,”
about Princess Diana, to film a performance on a Broadway stage without an audience.
It will appear on Netflix before a Broadway run currently set for next spring.
Still, the lack of basic guidance from the federal government has contributed to the slow
progress, the union says. “This is a frustrating thing for live performance to be open,
because there is not a national strategy on testing,” said Mary McColl, executive director
of Actors’ Equity.

Another problem is a fragmentation of responsibilities: Union members on Broadway

are employed by producers, not theater owners, and it is the latter who would have to
pay for structural upgrades such as ventilation. According to Schumacher, of Disney
Theatrical Group, before his company moved its now shuttered musical “Frozen” to
Broadway, he split the $1.5 million expense of upgrading the entire heating, ventilation
and air conditioning system of the St. James Theatre with its owner, Jujamcyn Theaters.
Other theaters will need to improve their air-scrubbing capabilities, too, to meet
contemporary mandates. The costs could run to $500,000 per venue.

The “legacy shows” — “The Lion King,” “Hamilton,” “Wicked” — are expected to get back
up to speed. But an anxiety, industry insiders say, is that other shows will limp along
and then fold, contributing to an image of diminished strength. As the producer who
spoke on the condition of anonymity put it: “The damage that those shows can do to us
is great because they’re going to waste a lot of people’s attention just to sell no tickets.”
And then, of course, lowering ticket prices to lure audiences back may also mean
negotiating temporary salary reductions for the various unions. “Is there going to be a
robust dialogue about pay rates? Of course there is,” Schumacher said. “But people want
to come back to work and be safe.” However, Actors’ Equity’s Shindle said that pay cuts
“have not been discussed with us.”

Off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway artists and companies are engaged in their own
struggle to come back. Risa Shoup, interim executive director of the Alliance of Resident
Theaters/N.Y., a support arm of off- and off-off Broadway, says shows produced
outdoors are the first signs that companies are poised to weather the crisis.
Last month, in a community garden in Bushwick, a troupe guided by Rachel Chavkin’s
organization, the Team, produced Ellpetha Tsivicos and Camilo Quiroz-Vazquez’s
“Quince,” an immersive playlet with music about a quinceañera celebration. Audience
members and the actors wore masks, and the crew was trained by a certified covid-19
infection control agent. As 40 or so spectators sat in socially distanced chairs, an emcee
on a PA system kept the performers in line.
“Cindy, pull your mask up over your nose!” she demanded of one of the actors onstage.

Other performative seedlings are starting to take root. At Lincoln Center, Timms said,
plans are being worked out for a 400-seat socially distanced outdoor space for ballet and
other arts, and the New York Philharmonic sponsors a truck circulating all five boroughs
and presenting pop-up concerts.
“The challenge is a new way for us to meet our missions,” he said, adding that the
campus has been repurposed for other community uses: It served this summer as one of
the distribution sites for the Food Bank for New York and is being offered as a polling
place this fall.
The old missions remain vital as well. Jeffrey Seller, lead producer of “Hamilton,” said
that when things do finally get back to something recognizably functional, he’ll have a
backlog of four new musicals waiting to be unveiled, in four successive seasons.
“There will be an explosion of creativity when we return,” he said. “I believe in my heart
and in my soul that when we feel confident, we’re all going to be back together. We need
it. We yearn for it.”