MAESTRÍA EN

ENSEÑANZA
DEL INGLÉS

Alumna: LCC. Elizabeth Ramos Castillo

MEI11101
 READING

Dr. Jesús Arzamendi, Mr. Phillip Bal, Ms. Elizabeth Gassó, Ms. Nicky Hockly. Chapter 1.
Methodological Aproaches.

Web link:
https://selmaestriasvirtual2.universidadiexpro.mx/mod/resource/view.php?id=22323

(Read: October 8, 2021 GMT-4)

Ferdinand Saussure.

Course in general linguistics.

PDF.

https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/english/currentstudents/undergraduate/modules/fulllist/firs
t/en122/lecturelist2019-20/saussure_course_in_general_linguistics.pdf

(Read: October 10, 2021 GMT-7)

 LCC. Elizabeth Ramos Castillo

APPLIED
LINGUISTICS
DEVELOPMENT
OF
LINGUISTICS
FERDINAND SAUSSURE
-Considered founder of modern linguistic and
father of Structuralism approach to linguistics.
-Proposed synchronic study or static: linguists
should concern with the state of a given
language at the present time.
A linguistic sign is not
a link between a thing
and a name, but
between a concept and
a sound pattern.
Ferdinand Saussure
(1916:78)
 Course in general linguistics
It is a system.
Abstract series of
LANGUAGE rules acquired by
speakers of some
language.
Distinction
between language
and parole.

It is individual.
PAROLE Idiosyncratic
utterances.
 LANGUAGE STUDY

Language used to be studied historically as an evolutionary phenomenom over a perio of

time→Diachronic.

Saussure talks about the separation of social from individual when making the distinction
between language and parole.

The language is formed with:

- Linguistic sign
- Structure
-Component
 MEANING

SIGN

Language is formed by a number

of linguistic signs.
It emerges from association of a
concept(meaning) with an
acoustic image(significant) SIGNIFICANT
STRUCTURE

This is the heart of Structuralism,

one of its main representants is
Leonard Bloomfield, who in 1933
wrote Language.
For Bloomfield, language is
formed by a series of levels
equivalent to a group of
hierarchical subsystems.
 STRUCTURALISM

MAIN LEVELS YEARS LATER

Phonetical Semantic is added.
Morphological Morphological and
Syntactic sintactic are grouped
into morphosyntactic.
COMPONENT

This envolves Phonetic and

semantic levels of language.

Phonems→ Units formed by a

number of distinctive features.

Lexical ítems→Several semantic

elements, also called semes.

The análisis of different

constituents of the structures
permits us to clasify formal units
in idfferent classes or categories.
 The main goal is the analysis
and description of languages.

Descriptivists l Precriptivists

Linguistic representation This approach seeks to

through systematic modify and change
information and linguistic behaviour by
collection of data. means of a series of
rules and norms.
GENERATIVISM
This paradigm is in constan revision, its
origins are situated in the work of Noam
Chomsky:
Syntactic structures (1957)
Aspects of the theory of syntax (1965)

Chomsky pays attention in introspective

evidence and native’s speaker intuition,
for him language is innate.
The rules are seen as means of
structures, levels and components,
everything in language can be explained
by these rules.
GENERATIVISM

The main objective of the linguistic study is

explanation, describe and explain the linguistic
phenomena.
Also they pointed out the existence of linguistic
universals, this means languages have common
features that can be:

FORMAL l SUSTANTIVE

Form of grammar. Contents of the rules

and syntactic categories.
GENERATIVISM

They also talk about the creative nature of

language, they don’t see a contradiction between
rules and this creativity.

The language is part of social nature.

PRAGMATICS

Last two decades of XX

century.
They seek for a theory without excessive
abstraction and formalism that could explain
the real use of language.
The way language is used in communication,
which means the meaning of language.
Have specific aims and methods.
Language is considered as discourse and text.
Means of communication.
Takes in consideration different sciences.