GENERAL CHEMIS TRY DIAGNOS TIC EXAM

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

For questions 1-4, consider the following equation.

2Mg + O2 2MgO

1) How many moles of magnesium are needed to react with 16 g of O2?

A) 4.0 moles
B) 0.50 mole
C) 2.0 moles
D) 3.0 moles
E) 1.0 moles

2) The number of moles of MgO produced when 0.20 mole of O2 reacts completely is
A) 0.60 mole.
B) 0.40 mole.
C) 0.20 mole.
D) 0.10 mole.
E) 0.80 mole.

3) The number of moles of oxygen gas needed to react with 4.0 moles of Mg is
A) 6.0 moles.
B) 1.0 mole.
C) 2.0 moles.
D) 4.0 moles.
E) 3.0 moles.

4) How many grams of MgO are produced when 40.0 grams of O2 react completely with Mg?
A) 60.8 g
B) 101 g
C) 30.4 g
D) 50.4 g
E) 201 g

5) A 65.0 L steel tank at 25.0°C contains butane gas, C4 H10, at a pressure of 1.02 atm. Assuming ideal behavior,
how many grams of butane in the tank?
A) 157 g
B) 1875 g
C) 172 g
D) 168 g

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 6) Nitroglycerin, used both in medicine and as an explosive, can be prepared by the carefully controlled reaction
of glycerol (C3 H8O3) with nitric acid, as symbolized by:
C3H8O 3 + 3 HNO3 C3H5N3O 9 + 3 H2O
What mass of nitric acid is required for the production of 2.8 g of nitroglycerin?
A) 1.2 g
B) 0.39 g
C) 1.6 g
D) 2.33 g
E) 3.5 g

7) What type of reaction is represented by the following equation?

AB + C AC + B

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) combustion

8) The balanced equation given below means?

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

A) One molecule of methane reacts with two molecules of oxygen to produce one molecule of carbon dioxide
and two molecules of water.
B) One gram of methane reacts with two grams of oxygen to produce one gram of carbon dioxide and two
grams of water.
C) One mole of methane reacts with two moles of oxygen to produce one mole of carbon dioxide and 2 moles
of water.
D) A, B and C are correct
E) A and C are correct

9) The kinetic-molecular theory predicts that pressure rises as the temperature of a gas increases because
__________.
A) the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules decreases
B) the gas molecules collide more energetically with the wall
C) the gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall
D) the gas molecules collide less frequently with the wall
E) both the gas molecules collide more frequently with the wall and the gas molecules collide more
energetically with the wall

10) When the following equation is correctly balanced, what is the coefficient for oxygen?

C4 H10 (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g) + H2 O (l)

A) 6
B) 12
C) 11
D) 4
E) 13

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11) What is the mass (in kg) of 6.89 × 1025 molecules of CO2 ? The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol.
A) 2.60 kg
B) 3.03 kg
C) 6.39 kg
D) 3.85 kg
E) 5.04 kg

12) The basis of the VSEPR model of molecular bonding is __________.

A) regions of electron density on an atom will organize themselves so as to maximize s-character
B) hybrid orbitals will form as necessary to, as closely as possible, achieve spherical symmetry
C) electron domains in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to minimize repulsions
D) atomic orbitals of the bonding atoms must overlap for a bond to form
E) regions of electron density in the valence shell of an atom will arrange themselves so as to maximize
overlap

13) The molecular formula for a sugar molecule is C12H22O11. What is the percent of carbon in the molecule?
A) 67.88%
B) 26.67%
C) 2.37%
D) 8.34%
E) 42.12%

14) According to VSEPR theory, if there are three electron domains on a central atom, they will be arranged such
that the angles between the domains are __________.
A) 180°
B) 90°
C) 360°
D) 109.5°
E) 120°

15) How many N2 O4 molecules are contained in 76.3 g N2O4 ? The molar mass of N2 O4 is 92.02 g/mol.
A) 7.26 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
B) 4.99 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
C) 5.54 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
D) 4.59 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
E) 1.38 × 1024 N2O4 molecules

16) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 183.2 g/mol and an empirical
formula of C2 H5O2.
A) C3 H7 O3
B) C6 H15O6
C) C4 H10O4
D) C2 H5 O2
E) C8 H20O8

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17) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that is 36.86% N and 63.14% O by mass.
A) NO3
B) N2 O3
C) NO2
D) N2 O
E) NO

18) In a covalent compound the bond length can be defined as

A) the distance between any two pairs of electrons.
B) the distance between two nuclei when the repulsion is greatest.
C) the distance between two nuclei when the attraction is greatest.
D) the distance between two nuclei when repulsion and attraction are balanced.
E) the distance between the two largest atoms.

19) An ionic bond is best described as:

A) the sharing of electrons.
B) the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
C) the attraction that holds the atoms together in a polyatomic ion.
D) the attraction between 2 metal atoms.
E) the attraction between 2 nonmetal atoms.

20) A substance that can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances is considered
A) a heterogeneous mixture.
B) a compound.
C) an element.
D) an electron.
E) a homogeneous mixture.

21) Which of the following are examples of physical change?

A) ice (solid water) melts.
B) sugar is dissolved in water.
C) dry ice sublimes.
D) coffee is brewed.
E) All of these are examples of physical change.

22) A small negatively charged particle formed when an atom gains one or more electrons is called a(an)
A) proton.
B) anion.
C) nucleus.
D) cation.
E) isotope.

23) Molecules can be described as

A) a homogeneous mixture
B) a mixture of two or more elements that has a specific ratio between components.
C) two or more atoms joined together in a specific geometric arrangement.
D) a heterogeneous mixture
E) a mixture of two or more pure substances.

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24) A substance composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed, definite proportion is considered
A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) a compound.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a solution.
E) an alloy.

25) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund's rule for an atom in its ground state?
A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

26) Calculate the atomic mass of element "X", if it has 2 naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural
abundances:

X-45 44.8776 amu 32.88%

X-47 46.9443 amu 67.12%

A) 46.34 amu
B) 46.27 amu
C) 46.84 amu
D) 45.91 amu
E) 44.99 amu

27) The atomic number of an element is

A) equal to the positive charge of an atom's nucleus.
B) equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
C) the number of protons in an atom.
D) All of the above are valid definitions.

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28) Which is a correct description of the organization of subatomic particles in atoms?
A) Protons and neutrons are tightly packed into a small nucleus. Electrons occupy the space outside the
nucleus.
B) Neutrons and electrons are tightly packed into a small nucleus. Protons occupy the space outside of the
nucleus.
C) Electrons are tightly packed into a small nucleus. Protons and neutrons occupy the space outside of the
nucleus.
D) Protons and electrons are tightly packed into a small nucleus. Neutrons occupy the space outside the
nucleus.

29) Isotopes are atoms of the same element with

A) different numbers of protons.
B) different atomic numbers.
C) different numbers of neutrons.
D) different numbers of electrons.

30) A horizontal row in the modern periodic table is called a

A) valence.
B) period.
C) group.
D) branch.

31) A vertical column in the modern periodic table is called a

A) branch.
B) group.
C) period.
D) valence.

32) Which description best fits a solid?

A) Volume and shape of container; no intermolecular attractions
B) Definite volume; shape of container; moderate intermolecular attractions
C) Volume and shape of container; strong intermolecular attractions
D) Definite volume; shape of container; no intermolecular attractions
E) Definite shape and volume; strong intermolecular attractions

33) The popular name for the atomic model proposed by J.J. Thomson, in which negatively charged particles were
distributed uniformly in a sea of equal positive charge, was
A) the field model.
B) the plum-pudding model.
C) the shotgun model.
D) the tuppence in a fountain model.
E) the fox and hounds model.

34) Who was the British scientist who showed the cathode ray beam to be negatively charged?
A) Lewis
B) Millikan
C) Crookes
D) Thomson
E) Goldstein

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 35) Vinegar is composed of approximately 5% acetic acid and 95% water. Which one of the following is the best
classification of vinegar?
A) mixture
B) compound
C) pure substance
D) element

Use the drawings below to answer the following questions.

36) If hitting the bullseye is the desired result, Figure (a) represents
A) good accuracy and poor precision.
B) poor accuracy and poor precision.
C) good accuracy and good precision.
D) poor accuracy and good precision.

37) If hitting the bullseye is the desired result, Figure (b) represents
A) good accuracy and poor precision.
B) good accuracy and good precision.
C) poor accuracy and good precision.
D) poor accuracy and poor precision.

38) A solution of 34.5% sulfuric acid by weight in water has a density of 1.26 g/mL. How many grams of sulfuric
acid are needed to make 3.22 L of this solution? Note that density of the solution is mass divided by volume of
the solution.
A) 882 g
B) 135 g
C) 1.4 × 103 g
D) 1.40 × 105 g
E) 1.20 × 105 g

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39) Which of the following examples illustrates a number that is correctly rounded to three significant figures?
A) 4.05438 grams to 4.054 grams
B) 20.0332 grams to 20.0 grams
C) 103.692 grams to 103.7 grams
D) 0.03954 grams to 0.040 grams
E) 109,526 grams to 109 500 grams

40) Saltwater is:

A) an atom
B) a molecule
C) a mixture
D) only one compound
E) an element

41) The amount of space occupied by a substance is its

A) mass.
B) volume.
C) density.
D) weight.
E) length.

42) Which of the following numbers contains five significant figures?

A) 4.9100
B) 49,100
C) 4,910,000
D) 0.04910
E) 0.4910

43) What temperature is -10°C on the Fahrenheit scale?

A) -6°F
B) 14°F
C) 263°F
D) 26°F
E) -18°F

44) In which of the following is the metric unit paired with its correct abbreviation?
A) microgram / mg
B) gram / gm
C) centimeter / km
D) milliliter / mL
E) kilogram / cg

45) Valence electrons are electrons located

A) in the outermost energy level of an atom.
B) in the nucleus of an atom.
C) in the first three shells of an atom.
D) in the innermost energy level of an atom.
E) throughout the atom.

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46) Which of the following types of radiation has the highest energy?
A) -rays
B) -particles
C) visible light
D) -particles
E) All of these have the same energy.

47) What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation?

90 90
Sr Y + ?
38 39

A) alpha particle
B) neutron
C) gamma ray
D) proton
E) beta particle

48) What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation?

159 155
W Hf + ?
74 72

A) alpha particle
B) neutron
C) beta particle
D) gamma ray
E) proton

49) Iodine-123, which is used for diagnostic imaging in the thyroid, has a half-life of 13 hours. If 50.0 mg of I-123
were prepared at 8:00 A.M. on Monday, how many mg remain at 10:00 A.M. on the following day?
A) 12.5 mg
B) 3.13 mg
C) 6.25 mg
D) 25.0 mg
E) 50.0 mg

50) A wooden object from a prehistoric site has a carbon-14 activity of 10 counts per minute (cpm) compared to 40
cpm for new wood. If carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years, what is the age of the wood?
A) 17,200 yr
B) 5730 yr
C) 1430 yr
D) 22,900 yr
E) 11,500 yr