2학년 부광고등학교 2학기 중간고사

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1. 1다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 2. 2다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

은? [18년 9월 39번] 은? [18년 9월 20번]
At their heart, games differ from other media in When you enter a tore, what do you see? It is
one fundamental way: they offer players the chance quite likely that you will see many options and
to _______________________________. With rare choices. It doesn't matter whether you want to buy
exception, this is not true of film, novels, or tea, coffee, jeans, or a phone. In all these
television. Readers and viewers of these other situations, we are basically flooded with options
media follow along, reacting to the story and its from which we can choose. What will happen if we
twists and turns, without having a direct personal ask someone, whether online or offline, if he or
impact on the events they witness. In games, she prefers having more alternatives or less? The
players have the unique ability to control what majority of people will tell us that they prefer
unfolds. As Sid Meier, a game designer, once said, having more alternatives. This finding is interesting
"A good game is a series of interesting choices." because, as science suggests, the more options
we have, the harder our decision making process
① affect what lies ahead will be. The thing is that when the amount of
② control one's own inner feelings options exceeds a certain level, our decision
③ compensate for the time spent on them making will start to __________________________.
④ learn how to get along well with others
⑤ document all the meaningful experiences in them ① get better ② be in pain ③ lose interest
④ take less time ⑤ become more diverse
3. 3다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
은? [외부지문]
In chameleon style, con artists whose methods
include the quick change adopt the hospital whites,
priestly black, army green, or police blue that the
situation requires for maximum advantage. Only too
late do their victims realize that the clothing of
authority is hardly its guarantee. A series of studies
by social psychologist Leonard Bickman indicates
how difficult it can be to resist requests that come
from figures in authority attire. Bickman's basic
procedure was to ask passerby on the street to
comply with some sort of odd request. In half of
the instances, the requester-a young man-was
dressed in ordinary street clothes: the rest of the
time, he wore a security guard's
Regardless of the type of request, many more
people obeyed the requester when he was wearing
the guard costume. Similar results have
obtained when the uniformed requester was female.
This shows that formal
________________________________________.
① rarely trigger others' consent
② strengthen the sense of belonging
③ should be functional and comfortable
④ keep one's personality from being revealed
⑤ make other people more receptive to requests
4. 4다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
은? [19년 9월 23번]
The original idea of a patent, remember, was
not to reward inventors with monopoly profits, but
to encourage them to share their inventions. A
certain amount of intellectual property law is plainly
necessary to achieve this. But it has gone too far.
Most patents are now as much about defending
monopoly and discouraging rivals as about sharing
ideas. And that disrupts innovation. Many firms use
patents as barriers to entry, suing upstart
innovators who trespass on their intellectual
property even on the way to some other goal. In
the years before World War Ⅰ, aircraft markers
tied each other up in patent lawsuits and slowed
uniform. down innovation until the US government stepped
in. Much the same has happened with smartphones
and biotechnology today. New entrants have to
been __________________________ if they are to build
on existing technologies to make new ones.
uniforms
① endure criticism and attack
② try to develop patent rights
③ overcome the barriers of patents
④ be combined with existing companies
⑤ strive for better technological innovation
5. 5다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 6. 6다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [19년 9월
은? [외부지문] 32번]
Natural disaster supposedly does not Much of the spread of fake news occurs
discriminate; it putatively strikes everyone in its through irrational censorship. A 2016 study from
path, without regard to race, class, age, sex, or Columbia University in New York City and Inria, a
disability. Closer examination of the interplay French technology institute, found that 59 percent
between natural and social factors in any disaster, of the news from links shared on social media
however, refutes this assumption. Disaster wasn't read first. People see an intriguing headline
____________________________ within the society it or photo in their news feed or on another website
strikes. Although "'natural disaster' such as and then click the Share button to repost the item
hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods are sometimes to their social media friends - without ever clicking
viewed as 'great social equalizers'" in the sense through to the full article. Then they may be
that "they strike unpredictably and at random, sharing fake news. To stop the spread of fake
affecting black and white, rich and poor, sick and news, read stories before you share them. Respect
well alike," Katrina bluntly demonstrated that "the your social media friends enough to know what
harms are not visited randomly or equally in our information you are sending their way. You may
society." What is true of the disaster itself applies discover, on close inspection, that an article you
with even greater force to social responses to were about to share is obviously fraudulent, that it
disaster. To name one striking, embarrassing doesn't really say what the headline promises, or
example, "68 percent of the respondents" in a that you actually disagree with it.
survey of katrina evacuees "thought the federal
government would have responded more quickly if ① how to tell fake news from real news
people trapped in the floodwaters were 'wealthier ② the importance of critical news reading
and white.'" ③ news extensibility through social media
④ cause and prevention of fake news spread
① is more harsh for the disadvantaged ⑤ risk of sharing opinions with friends via social
② has severe negative economic impacts media
③ seriously affects physical infrastructure
④ erases rather than exposes social vulnerabilities
⑤ urges the need for emergency drill to prepare
for natural disasters
7. 7다음 글의 밑줄 친 'it looks more as if 8. 8다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? [외부지
someone had thrown all the darts in the same place.' 문]
가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [20년 9월 31 During the past 500 years modern science has
번] achieved wonders thanks largely to the willingness
Suppose you threw darts at random on a map of governments, businesses, foundations and private
of the United States. You'd find the holes left by donors to channel billions of dollars into scientific
the darts to be more or less evenly distributed research. These billion have done much more to
across the map. But the real map of any given chart the universe, map the planet and catalogue
industry looks nothing like that; it looks more as if the animal kingdom than did Galileo Galilei,
someone had thrown all the darts in the same Christopher Columbus and Charles Darwin. If these
place. This is probably in part because of particular geniuses had never been born, their
reputation; buyers may be suspicious of a software insights would probably have occurred to others.
firm in the middle of the cornfields. It would also But if the proper funding had been unavailable, no
be hard to recruit workers if every time you intellectual brilliance could have compensated for
needed a new employee you had to persuade that. If Darwin had never been born, for example,
someone to move across the country, rather than we'd today attribute the theory of evolution to
just poach one from your neighbor. There are also Alfred Russel Wallace, who came up with the idea
regulatory reasons: zoning laws often try to of evolution via natural selection independently of
concentrate dirty industries in one place and Darwin and just a few years later. But if the
restaurants and bars in another. Finally, people in European powers had not financed geographical,
the same industry often have similar preferences zoological and botanical research around the world,
(computer engineers like coffee, financiers show off neither Darwin nor Wallace would have had the
with expensive bottles of wine). Concentration necessary empirical data to develop the theory of
makes it easier to provide the amenities they like. evolution. It is likely that they would not even have
tried.
① Concentration is the key factor for a high score
in a dart game. ① Are Scientist Born with Insight?
② Companies avoid being located near their rival ② Role of Scientists Required by Each Era
companies. ③ No Genius Scientist, No Scientific Breakthrough
③ People's taste of drink is significantly influenced ④ How to Choose Which Science is Worth Funding
by their jobs. ⑤ Financial Support Indispensable to Scientific
④ People show strong preferences to jobs in Research
specific industry.
⑤ Firms of same industry geographically cling
together in one area.
9. 9다음 글에서 필자가 주정하는 바로 가장 적절 10. 10다음 글에서 필자가 주정하는 바로 가장 적
한 것은? [20년 9월 37번] 절한 것은? [외부지문]
When an important change takes place in your These days, the media seems to be overly
life, observe your response. If you resist accepting dependent on opinion polls. These polls are good
the change it is because you are afraid; afraid of for ratings because people pay attention to their
losing something. Perhaps you might lose your results, believing them to be scientific shortcuts to
position, property, possession, or money. The understanding the truth about an issue. The
change might mean that you lose privileges or straightforward ratios and percentages that polls
prestige. Perhaps with the change you lose the produce seem to be reliable, precise, and
closeness of a person or a place. In life, all these objective. However, there are many potential pitfalls
things come and go and then others appear, which that can cause polls to be inaccurate. If the person
will also go. It is like a river in constant movement. writing the questions used in the poll is biased, it
if we try to stop the flow, we create a dam; the is likely that the results will be slanted in that
water stagnates and causes a pressure which direction as well. Also, if the questions aren't
accumulates inside us. To learn to let go, to not asked of a diverse group of people, the results
cling and allow the flow of the river, is to live cannot be considered to represent the entire
without resistances; being the creators of population. Although polls have some worth, you
constructive changes that bring about improvements shouldn't have too much faith in them.
and widen our horizons.
① Respond to the poll with sincerity.
① Try to review the old and learn the new. ② Impose strict censorship on the media.
② Step back when confronted unexpected incidents. ③ Do not trust opinion polls unconditionally.
③ Never let go of the privileges you already have. ④ Listen to public opinion to discover what is going
④ Regard changes as opportunities for on.
advancement. ⑤ Diversify the questions of the poll depending on
⑤ Resist changes caused regardless of your own the subject.
will.
11. 11다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? [19년 12. 12다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 문맥에
9월 20번] 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? [외부지문]
These days, electric scooters have quickly Somehow, we've lost trust in the body's ability
become a campus staple. Their rapid rise to to heal itself. Instead, we are (A)[likely / reluctant]
popularity is thanks to the convenience they bring, to use a variety of drugs at the first hint of
but it isn't without problems. Scooter companies symptoms because we are afraid the body won't
provide safety regulations, but the regulations know what to do. Paradoxically, each time we
aren't always followed by the rides. Students can unnecessarily interfere with our bodies' natural
be reckless while they ride, some even having two survival mechanisms - even out of a desire to
people on one scooter at a time. Universities protect - our body's natural ability to heal itself
already have certain regulations, such as walk-only (B)[lessens / increases]. A body that is constantly
zones, to restrict motorized modes of shielded from fighting and recovering from small
transportation. However, they need to do more to illnesses may not respond effectively when bigger
target motorized scooters specifically. To ensure challenges inevitably arise. How could it? If you
the safety of students who use electric scooters, want your child to learn to play the violin, you
as well as those around them, officials should look can't bring someone else in to practice the violin
into reinforcing stricter regulations, such as having for him. Allowing children to overcome small
traffic guards flagging down students and giving illnesses without interfering (C)[weakens /
them warning when they violate the regulations. strengthens] their immune systems. It also provides
opportunities for the body to evaluate whether
① It is necessary to expand convenience facilities challenges are benign or dangerous, when to live
for walking users. and let live, and when to pick a fight. These are
② It is urgent to develop transportation means to skills critical for your child's lifelong health.
move within the university.
③ We need to tighten regulations on the use of (A) (B) (C)
electric scooters in universities. ① likely lessens weakens
④ It is important that the universities agree on the ② reluctant increases weakens
use of electric scooters in universities. ③ likely lessens strengthens
⑤ The rules of punishment for students who violate ④ reluctant increases strengthens
traffic regulations should be relaxed. ⑤ likely increases strengthens
13. 13다음 글의 Voltaire에 관한 내용 중 일치하지 14. 14다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 맞지 않
않는 것은? [19년 9월 30번] 은 것은? [20년 9월 23번]
A champion of free speech and religious In has long been held that the capacity for
toleration, Voltaire was a controversial figure. He is, laughter is a peculiarly human characteristic. The
for instance, suppose to have declared, "I hate witty Lucian of Samosata (2nd century A.D.) noted
what you say, but will defend to the death your that the way to distinguish a man from a donkey is
right to say it," a powerful defense of the idea that one laughs and the other ⓐdoes not. In all
that even views that you despise deserve to be societies humor is important not only in individual
heard. In eighteenth-century Europe, however, the communication but also as a molding force of
Catholic Church strictly controlled what could be social groups, ⓑreinforcing their norms. "Each
published. Many of Voltaire's plays and books were particular time, each era, in fact each moment, has
censored and burned in public, and he was even ⓒits own condition and themes for laughter . . .
imprisoned in the Bastille in Paris because he had because of the major preoccupations, concerns,
insulted a powerful aristocrat. But none of this interests, activities, relations, and mode prevailing
stopped him challenging the prejudices and at the time." The ultimate goal of anyone who
pretensions of those around him. In his short studies another culture, such as ancient Greece, ⓓ
philosophical novel, Candide, he completely is to understand the people themselves who were
undermined the kind of religious optimism about more than the sum total of monuments, historical
humanity and the universe that other contemporary incidents, or social groupings. One way to approach
thinkers had expressed, and he did it in such an this goal directly is to study the culture's humor.
entertaining way that the book became an instant As Goethe aptly observed: "Men show their
bestseller. Wisely, Voltaire left his name off the title characters in nothing more clearly than in ⓔthat
page, otherwise its publication would have landed they think laughable."
him in prison again for making fun of religious
beliefs. ① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ

① 언론의 자유와 종교적 관용을 옹호하여 많은 논

란이 되었다.
② 귀족을 모욕했기 때문에 파리의 Bastille 감옥에
수감되었다.
③ 자신이 쓴 책이 공개적으로 불태워진 후에도 편
견과 가식에 도전하는 일을 계속했다.
④ 단편소설 ‘Candide' 는 베스트셀러가 되었다.
⑤ 단편소설 ‘Candide' 에서 종교적 신념을 조롱함
으로 다시 감옥에 갇혔다.
15. 15다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 16. 16다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B) 에 들어갈 말로 가
한다. 빈칸 (A), (B) 에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 장 적절한 것은? [19년 9월 34번]
은? [18년 9월 29번] If you want to use the inclined plane to help
A phenomenon is social psychology, the Pratfall you move an object (and who wouldn't?), then you
Effect states that an individual's perceived have to move the object over a longer distance to
attractiveness increases or decreases after he or get to the desired height than if you had started
she makes a mistake - depending on the from directly below and moved upward. This is
individual's perceived competence. As celebrities probably already clear to you from a lifetime of
are generally considered to be competent stair climbing. Consider all the stairs you climb
individuals, and often even presented as flawless or compared to the actual height you reach from
perfect in certain aspects, committing blunders will where you started. This height is always less than
make one's humanness endearing to others. the distance you climbed in stairs. (A)_________,
Basically, those who never make mistakes are more distance in stairs is traded for less force to
perceived as being less attractive and "likable" reach the intended height. Now, if we were to pass
than those who make occasional mistakes. on the stairs altogether and simply climb straight
Perfection, or the attribution of that quality to up to your destination (from directly below it), it
individuals, creates a perceived distance that the would be a shorter climb for sure, but the needed
general public cannot relate to - making those who force to do so would be greater. (B)_________, we
never make mistakes perceived as being less have stairs in our homes rather than ladders.
attractive or likable. However, this can also have
the opposite effect - if a perceived average or (A) (B)
less than average competent person makes a ① Furthermore In addition
mistake, he or she will be less attractive and ② Furthermore Instead
likable to others. ③ That is to say Hence
④ That is to say In short
(A)_________ of highly competent people make
⑤ Similarly As a result
them look more (B)_________ while that of less
than average competent people may function
otherwise.

(A) (B)
① Diligence confident
② Discretion reliable
③ Immorality courageous
④ Imperfection appealing
⑤ Flawlessness narrow-minded
17. 17다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B) 에 들어갈 말로 가 18. 18다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B) 에 들어갈 말로 가
장 적절한 것은? [20년 9월 34번] 장 적절한 것은? [외부지문]
In the current landscape, social enterprises tend With recent reports that Australia's Great Barrier
to rely either on grant capital (e.g., grants, Reef is dying, large numbers of tourists have been
donations, or project funding) or commercial heading there is the hopes of seeing it before it's
financing products (e.g., bank loans). Ironically, gone. This is a classic example of "last chance
many social enterprises at the same time report of tourism," also known as LCT. LCT is a specialized
significant drawbacks related to each of these two type of tourism that focuses on allowing people to
forms of financing. Many social enterprises are for experience things that are likely to disappear soon.
instance reluctant to make use of traditional (A)_________, LCT is attracting visitors to the
commercial finance products, fearing that they Amazon rainforest, the retreating mangroves in the
might not be able to pay back the loans. Everglades in Florida and the sinking city of Venice.
(A)_________, a significant number of social Unfortunately, a rush of tourists hoping to see an
enterprise leaders report that relying too much on endangered site only serves to put the site in
grant funding can be a risky strategy since greater danger. This is because the overcrowding
individual grants are time limited and are not and increased carbon emissions related to tourism
reliable in the long term. Grant funding can also can cause the site to deteriorate further, which in
lower the incentive for leaders and employees to turn increases its appeal to other last chance
professionalize the business aspects, thus leading tourists. (B)_________, these tourists generally fail
to unhealthy business behavior. (B)_________, there to recognize the negative consequences of their
seems to be a substantial need among social own actions.
enterprises for alternatives to the traditional forms
of financing. (A) (B)
① For instance Otherwise
(A) (B) ② For instance What is worse
① Instead Therefore ③ Nevertheless However
② Besides That is to say ④ In other words For example
③ However Similarly ⑤ In other words Otherwise
④ Nevertheless On the other hand
⑤ On the contrary In other words
19. 19주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 20. 20다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들
적절한 것은? [19년 9월 38번] 어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? [19년 9월 37번]
Open international online access is understood However, it also could be that they did not
using the metaphor "flat earth." It represents a understand the content that they were trying to
world where information moves across the glove as build patterns with.
easily as a hockey puck seems to slide across an
ice rink's flat surface. Testing strategies relating to direct assessment
of content knowledge still have their value in an
(A) They affect how smoothly or directly inquiry-driven classroom. Let's pretend for a
information can move from point to point in global moment that we wanted to ignore content and only
cyberspace. Thus, while the earth might appear to assess a student's skill with investigations. (A) The
be increasingly flat from the perspective of problem is that the skills and the content are
international online communication, it is far from interconnected. (B) When a student fails at pattern
frictionless. analysis, it could be because they do not
understand how to do the pattern analysis properly.
(B) This framework, however, can be misleading (C) For these reasons, we need a measure of a
- especially if we extend the metaphor. As anyone student's content understanding. (D) Sometimes
who has crossed an ice rink can confirm, just students will understand the processes of inquiry
because the surface of the rink appears flat and well, and be capable of skillfully applying social
open does not necessarily mean that surface is studies disciplinary strategies, yet fail to do so
smooth or even. because they misinterpret the content. (E) To do
this right, we need to make sure our assessment
(C) Rather, such surfaces tend to be covered by is getting us accurate measures of whether our
a wide array of dips and cracks and bumps that students understand the content they use in an
create a certain degree of pull or drag or friction inquiry.
on any object moving across it. In much the same
way, an array of technological, political, economic, ① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E
cultural, and linguistic factors can exist and create
a similar kind of pull or drag or friction.

① (A)-(B)-(C) ② (B)-(A)-(C) ③ (B)-(C)-(A)

④ (C)-(A)-(B) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)
21. 21다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들 22. 22다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들
어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? [20년 9월 39번] 어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? [외부지문]
But they spent significantly more time gazing at Instead, they believe our need to be constantly
a strange face after they had heard the familiar engaged in the world around us led to the
voice of their guardian. development of these devices.

A recent study shows that dogs appear to form A recent series of studies investigated people's
mental images of people's faces. Scientists placed reactions to being left alone with their own
28 dogs in front of a computer monitor blocked by thoughts, and they found that the majority of
an opaque screen, then played a recording of the people disliked the experience, even for periods as
dog's human guardian or a stranger saying the brief as six minutes. (A) in general, there was a
dog's name five times through speakers in the strong preference for external tasks, such as using
monitor. (A) Finally, the screen was removed to a smartphone or listening to music. (B) Some
reveal either the face of the dog's human people also spent time posting comments on SNS
companion or a stranger's face. The dogs' or reading comments about their writing. (C) Even
reactions were videotaped. (B) Naturally, the dogs unpleasant activities, such as administering a mild
were attentive to the sound of their name, and electric shock to themselves, were favored by
they typically started about six seconds at the face some participants. (D) Researchers do not believe
after the screen was removed. (C) That they that this behavior is brought about by the
paused for an extra second or two suggests that popularity of smartphones and other electronics in
they realized something was wrong. (D) The modern times. (E) Large-scale surveys have
conclusion drawn is that dogs from a picture in provided support for this theory, as respondents
their mind, and that they can think about it and report a preference for social or entertaining
make predictions based on that picture. (E) And, activities over self-reflection and relaxation.
like us, they are puzzled when what they see or
hear doesn't match what they were expecting. ① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E

① A ② B ③ C ④ D ⑤ E
23. 23다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계없는 문장은? 24. 24다음 글을 주어진 <보기>의 단어를 사용하여
[외부지문] <조건>에 맞춰 한 문장으로 영작하시오. [4과]
Some resources, decisions, or activities are Nagel 이 거미가 자신의 평범한 생활 밖에서 더
important (highly valuable on average) while others 잘 살 것이라고 가정하며 공감으로부터 행동한 것
are pivotal (small changes make a big difference). 은 괜찮았을까?
Consider how two components of a car relate to a
consumers's purchase decision: tires and interior <보기>
design. Which adds more value on average? The okay / out of empathy / assume / would fare /
tires. They are essential to the car's ability to outside of / existence
move, and they impact both safety and
performance. ⓐYet tires generally do not influence <조건>
purchase decisions because safety standards 1. 주어진 표현은 한 번씩 모두 사용하고, 필요
guarantee that all tires will be very safe and 시 어형변화 시킬 것
reliable. ⓑFriction between tires and roads produce 2. it ~ for to 구문을 사용할 것
fine dust that is influential to health and air quality. 3. 분사구문을 사용할 것
ⓒDifferences in interior features - optimal sound 4. 부족한 어휘표현을 반드시 추가할 것
system, portable technology docks, number and ※ 조건 위배시 항목당 1점 감점
location of cup holders - likely have far more
effect on the consumer' buying decision. ⓓin terms 정답: _________________________________________
of the overall value of an automobile, you can't _________________________________________
drive without tires, but you can drive without cup _________________________________________.
holders can a portable technology dock. ⓔInterior
features, however, clearly have a greater impact
on the purchase decision.

① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
 23 ①

24 was it okay for Nagel to act out of empathy,

assuming that the spider would fare better and
perhaps even enjoy life-outside of its normal
existence?

1 ③

2 ②

3 ⑤

4 ③

5 ④

6 ①

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9 ④

10 ③

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12 ③

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21 ③

22 ⑤