Sequen ct al Orturts

obBaun d ofter pHrg

o Hold, nerd s4a le
a

B'sta be mul hvfbraukor ha ccpacthy

NoR Iooh +
c o u p l e o lop
C 0rlde I
gave (o doralh mt1 [Actve hugh
lokch
omte O ho1d / l CI* IR
n
enhle pln
,ho 1d V, To tore o

R,B= S pw vide
SR (akch
A
To hold) jukt provide ClK O
a

SR lo-ch TKFF TEP

D och
SR

D 7 RR
Q

S e U end ak Ctrccu& Deun,z

pulk e 1gnly 1lp a clock
cOUnts no of Clock
Synchap0 OC C9nterr e nter
MoxImUm nmber a clock pullej Canted r mod. Vo,
tohle uded whem Aquemte gwem
sfade toble ed ohe C i r u t r'R 9iv oh, CCi'toem
twe hove to Pind vlpe
talefohl e we hove t {nd T , excikchon fohle

rpfiop cemverO * we ecito h en oble

com e l o e nbtt dcha
bit aeqirter meont
*Kegrkty*g 0 up af DePs ,
n-

sTSO, , le P ehvfe.
Piso PI PO, StPO, 2ght
&tale: m o d n o ) o c k o u con dhon
K'ng coUn te Mod no no oFP ufed, (used
modno7(0nuj ed
2 -Ked)
PFs ( Used a a d e
teul) 2 Md no - 9* toda
Jahnr en (a uileh
ok e cul poRlhilihea
Med-No, 1f nuhol cendi hom hot 81ven,
oule imding
#ND 9tes ( Ac hive loco lo oh -
Coot copled
NA Nplauleh
GCk/e
lo
h

Mat e r slove a malter/a love Crt lew el trered, ombinahon A edge tJered,
Arynchronou Cone7 All 1 (au P' work n
tlps ort toggle mode snchroncy
aAynchonoj|
mod:2 7,(k6FFs) Bor-pcem t ) , |freq ugnry al NiB mod cleor
onrhtlly synchronos> (PAYherono w non- rp ple)
In ca co de, (mod-no mul hply o Hhe erporte h on)
md 2 3 ed6
 Digtal CiTctuits
Boceom algebral(ThteCHOm
InteYse Chion - AND) Uuon-OR) ( I86 phae shf- NOT).
eenre oP order
> )> N0T> AN>OR|(ABC): (A«%7(M *
Tf se have PoOve NOT kOR gade, tohile pro via9 unlverialihy aAome
C no neec to pvve A NO
9ale beccue NOT k 0R mokes NOK WhuCh
TA
al ecdy unrvesaa
OR-(o dd {unrhren)]» hugh uohen hos odd no
o'o tlp |Ti
a
vOR hos even oumtoR
bubbles hem rfrr bev
E-NOR-coire1den ce loqe) ]Mgh when bokh Ip* e
me|1f xR has odd nmber a
To bubbley hen tf IB XNX
Prnd
propoqaken delay just dvo he diogro a eoch vonoble.
ekr a eror* 1dal, hen prowde dely frretly
NAND)-l(ANo oR)<{NA ND-NA ND)] Put hubble ofter AND k bere OR to
moke(A ND-0R) + (NA ND -NANb)
(PosNOR) {OR- AND)(NOR -NOR?J | put bubble
ofter OR k belre *N
mo ke (oR
f
ny POS erPress fn 13 gv en fo ANCN OR-NOR)
veauze uRing NA ND 9 caker o SOP
porer rgn uing OR gctes, ay (A1B)C2eD) r (Ae f Cb) mo ke
NAND and (Sop- POS) (Pos+ SoP) for
of( nA ND.(élCaD )Pc+pD) pecp PeC(P:D})
xOR wOR T
by ledh'r9 P
expreAe I@m In
K- MAA
given, and all vonobe ere not presen,
- 4 S- f a k e all PoRAIble com
bn oiens for Hhem h fmd mun temu
ond lek (wrtou iar quoni'kes a B a1 md (oi h
bo quombrre
bchon ge a
Coremt unte, ond uoe garoup odjoccnt minteme em ly
goup'ng one for 2R mintme
only g Trovel on he mtemR e e oh a i
chorgi'n9 rem Oe houB for
e do no
Pmme mplrcont make the moIm Um pakktbilyty, that wrl/ qiver P1, }
grab moRIm um PoRAI bitly, ha ol gave non -P
a
redurent ems (k-mep eros)-+ (these s ll be cotetud oukLohule simplty in9)
VEN (Yon'abie en tered mop maj0nty gate CK(Ag4 BCa AC))
Pi selutve ohen use hove Chove egto moke P.r to sele
Fe C ek en toe dont h o e gny cho ir, grdy one choire e h ere tohch hoe
ue n

Chang e a rd decon 09th em + bosed en LS a, MSD.

h k mop sh ernp

No a boleon tnchon ha c be Teedlsed hy n-voroerg? -

COt Teuli7h em tnc h on C Voro%le 7 irY ert w (Po:9e-

Duol by echoging 1 rd ()ltor whrh turehos e - fauod7 coled e l f duai

No o sol fducol 22n') tov n-vonchle furerom

qwho orpoe (
 DAC ADC
resoudu hon Vmg-Vmn g aeoluhen Ko /.|
OnC-"onaton
(Decimal euialomkaf Binony 2n-1 2n-I

VonCK" (z2d2*2 2'd.) iK:vesolu Ho Corn porcako

Vso
Yoltose Ves-@-1)kLS k:3depaize V Vscs f Vw2 Vp V:- Vsau
dde: do1 ny else all bd
Binory werghked DAC Ci Caunde Tpe ADC
V
tromv Tcix (21)/
ov
7 COrverkI»
Hme n'no a bi ts
ybi't
(17 SAR upe APC
Vor Onsom tronvn ci«,

R-2R lodder ncut

w Duol slope De
Vo
Vine Va
TVins (Ti:2 KT)
V f'd ,.3'd1+2o:1
K: VR/2 ") Ve
Compo1O
R-2R ocdev Binmy onc
2 Tctk
VR/2n kVel2ni) in earah0 De -tnierao
me rm

V = (iaR )*Yin (m in vert TTvo.Tc? V

Vin mplen
Re
inverhrg onp)
valu a upcount ox / 2ve )
Vin -V (*-Vin) Telie

nNon n emhng omp

pAk opomp con be tonv: 2 TaK 21)Cmok
Toy)
inves hng hey cont a deint eoprahn
selved zeporcately, but in

be seporated
conv 2 Tctue

Tn ve e
nves R-2R odde CnCu velR. There rx tntor elahon bho 1p voltCge

1 Vele 7.cur tr
r
type PPC
flath hupe Apc (Por ell APC/ comporader
nd epemdend al bi''

Po ltem te t e t , caetlletsl

k br? flah PpC 2f-1)

(No af comporater
in

n eds prMmihy ntode

o
V
 Cembthaiomcel ieus
Nultples ers
all I/ps nred nod o be re odyl
34 r'a On
unuvoraou or mu r uoork
Ccu Tmpore
tor
delo caltuloko
Si
MUR orbs gn slukm Clrct mhodolu9y.
Se ee hem l n d T/ps ron be I'h
vo noble ord ew on be vonyled In qushoy
on othl e fbrm alio (vefew
pye ne
Nap-to cos ho sealise fnch om o vordhler 1 inverhe
fo e a l r e n vonoble lunrkm a fn-1) selet tns, i n v e r l e h e a d es e.

mun r2e= 2"rk nvevter/

Nog'ude cem porator ?
IEqualty ze OYI
Decod ev
Decodev 3 callega o
P

muntemy
3

Deced er wh en ohle pth t alro Hhe

Reol zokgn
| Ahart ct fals m fon

Biny addev

C22 xof 10F) [S1 xeD O Ce?

ppl e oomy dd d e
poT elWocde dul rlp» 0e cpphed pomelUy,
(wwmenali 1 p TtK ho wor king porell but
Senal oddeN dll 3lpR or bosed on 3eral intes h'on Bem'lY p p e

Cory lotdh tod Hrgh -apeed ddd er) 7 fotat dela i culcuwale d in atg es
Tode AND goues n\hi 0R gales: n7

ntede
Peodev n Code
:
3ubhore
Pnor y encode
O
oddesubrecte-
BCD
vevouid
sgnen
De M a Dede orh erob le p'n

3
1p 12 MUX Decodey
S1 So
 Number ytem
au
drgrte mut be leu thon bme cni greakend dizl r8bese-
Tf he hal l bas 16, t co
m b e t s ore heoe tn nmbev, it ik no hereRry
12 13, Iu, 159 hee ako conkcun Ophabe
gn m tude Pom - C21) (2n1) 2 zero kuo vepres endoben
Chple hrdaore io per form t/-
Cemplem enk ( no i gm bi bu MSB shouor
19n)
-(21) C2P-'. 1).
2*
Cmp n gn br! bw NsB showr t9n)(-2"-'7e (2-1)
TeY e no C) -
*e e qua( (p)
nun bey R po2lrve au Hee (kngn , , 2'f hove aome
epme semthg)
S m venAi m n 2' cemdement sa ny numbe MSB
moke

no' re in 2' fomm

ren dth b bc e 0hc
h,c ore
Yeflo CinCou?
Rrgn brts. |
MSB ornvi9 COrY
Taktng 2! cemp t eguczl to
mulhplyrg by (-1 2