Political

Political
ideology
ideology
Al Farabi
of

of Al Done by: Bolatbayev Dias CS-1904

 AL-FARABI'S LIFE:
HIS BIOGRAPHY

Al - Farabi was born in 870 in the city

of Otyrar, which is located on the
territory of modern South Kazakhstan,
although it should be noted that the
formation of his personality as a
scientist - an encyclopedist falls on
the years of his life in the largest
cities of the Arab Caliphate - Baghdad,
Aleppo, Damascus, Cair.
The attractiveness of al-Farabi's work lies in
the fact that for the first time the main
provisions and principles of political
philosophy are clearly formulated in his
political works. It should be noted that not
all the problems that worried al-Farabi and
which he raised in his works belong to the
past, many of his ideas are relevant and
fundamentally important today.
Al-Farabi left a rich and varied scientific legacy.

At the center of his philosophical system is the theme of man, his intellectual
and moral improvement, the desire to achieve freedom, to personal and
social happiness, the search for a better future by man.
Al-Farabi's political ideas have a
distinct geopolitical subtext. He,
like Aristotle, explained political
phenomena and
processes by
natural, natural
causes, constantly
linking politics
and geography. At the same time,
he divided human
society, like the
entire civilization as a
whole, into separate
peoples, which differ
from one another by three natural
things: natural disposition, natural
traits (character) and a language, that
is, speech, which is a means of
expression (thought).
Further, he divided urban communities ("city and
society") according to the criterion of the main goal set
by their inhabitants: a virtuous city, a city of ignorance,
exchange, a power-hungry city, ambitious, etc.

Al-Farabi considered one of the best a "collective city",

that is, one in which every inhabitant is completely free to do
what he wants. Its inhabitants are equal. Their laws absolutely do not give
preference to one person over another. Their power only extends to doing
things that increase their freedom. Citizens choose their own rulers who rule
over them in accordance with the will of the inhabitants.
 The philosopher wrote about the five strata of
the population in a virtuous state:

1) SAGES AND 2) "PEOPLE OF 3) BOOKKEEPERS,

OTHER WORTHY RELIGION", POETS, GEOMETERS,
PERSONS; MUSICIANS, DOCTORS,
SCRIBES; ASTROLOGERS;

4) WARRIORS - 5) RICH PEOPLE, FARMERS,

WARRIORS, GUARDS; HERDERS, MERCHANTS.
 The considered gradation of societies
according to the principle of virtue and the
preference of a polis society over an
imperial one clearly reflect the mood of the
era in which al-Farabi lived. This was the
era of the collapse of the Caliphate,
political instability, when every person,
deprived of state support and protection,
sought help and support from the family,
from neighbors, in the urban community.
Thank you for
Thank you for the Attention!
the Attention!