Introduction to Biology (3-0-0)

Module 1: Biochemistry of Life

Origin and evolution of cells; Diversity of life, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Structures and
functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids; Introduction to metabolism: pathways;
Energy transformation in organisms; Life at the expense of free energy; Enzymes as biocatalysts
Module 2: Cellular Processes
Functions of different organelles in the cells; Membrane structure and function; Traffic across
membranes; Cellular respiration; Photo-synthesis; Cell communication; Cell cycle; Meiosis and
sexual life cycles
Module 3: Genetics
Concept of gene, genome, chromosomes and chromatin; Comparison of asexual and sexual
reproduction; Origins of genetic variation; Mendel's discoveries; extending Mendelian genetics;
Chromosomal basis of inheritance: Relating Mendel's principles to chromosomes; Sex chromosomes
and sex-linked inheritance; Errors and exceptions in chromosomal inheritance; Mutation and Genetic
Disorders: Sickle cell Anaemia, Beta-Thalassemia, Progeria, etc.
Module 4: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
DNA as the genetic material; DNA replication and repair; Synthesis and processing of RNA; Genes to
proteins: connection between genes and proteins; Central dogma of molecular Biology: Replication,
Transcription and Translation;control of gene expression;Genetic basis of development: single cell to
multi cellular organisms; rDNA technology and genomics; Practical applications of DNA technology

Additional Information: Case Studies as applications of AI in Biological Sciences