Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sneha Loya - A Study On Role of It in Banking Sector - HDFC
Sneha Loya - A Study On Role of It in Banking Sector - HDFC
SYNOPSIS REPORT
ON
A STUDY ON ROLE OF IT IN BANKING SECTOR
AT
HDFC BANK LIMITED
Submitted
By
SNEHA LOYA
H.T.NO: 1302-20-672-225
PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE
OF
1
Aurora’s PG College (MBA), Ramanthapur
Department of Management
SYNOPSIS
2
INDEX
1 INTRODUCTION
5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
6 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
7 PROPOSED OUTCOMES
9 CHAPTERISATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
3
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The price of a security represents a consensus. It is the price at which one person
agrees to buy and another agrees to sell. The price at which an investor is willing to buy or sell
depends primarily on his expectations. If he expects the security's price to rise, he will buy it; if
the investor expects the price to fall, he will sell it. These simple statements are the cause of a
major challenge in forecasting security prices, because they refer to human expectations. As we
all know firsthand, humans expectations are neither easily quantifiable nor predictable. If prices
are based on investor expectations, then knowing what a security should sell for (i.e.,
fundamental analysis) becomes less important than knowing what other investors expect it to sell
for. That's not to say that knowing what a security should sell for isn't important--it is. But there
is usually a fairly strong consensus of a stock's future earnings that the average investor cannot
disprove
Fundamental analysis and technical analysis can co-exist in peace and complement
each other. Since all the investors in the stock market want to make the maximum profits
possible, they just cannot afford to ignore either fundamental or technical analysis.
4
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BANKING SECTOR:
Banking industry is a backbone of Indian financial system and it is afflicted by many
challenging forces. One such force is revolution of information technology. In today's era,
technology support is very important for the successful functioning of the banking sector.
Without IT and communication we cannot think about the success of banking industry, it has
enlarged the role of banking sector in Indian economy. For creating an efficient banking
system, which can respond adequately to the needs of growing economy, technology has a
key role to play. In past 10years, banks in India have invested heavily in the technology such
as Tele banking, mobile banking, net banking, ATMs, credit cards, debit cards, electronic
payment systems and data warehousing and data mining solutions, to bring improvements in
quality of customer services and the fast processing of banking operation. Heavy investments
in IT have been made by the banks in the expectation of improvement in their performance.
But important in the performance depends upon, differences in the deployment, use and
effectiveness of IT.
Information technology in banking sector refers to the use of sophisticated information and
communication technologies together with computer science tenable banks to offer better
services to its customers in a secure, reliable and affordable manner and sustain competitive
advantage over other banks. The significance of technology is greatly felt in the financial
sector in view of the competitive advantage for banks resulting in the efficient customer
service. In the development of Indian Economy, Banking sector plays a very important and
crucial role. With the use of technology there had been an increase in penetration,
productivity and efficiency. It has not only increased the cost effectiveness but also has
helped in making small value transactions viable. Electronic delivery channels, ATMs,
variety of cards, web based banking, and mobile banking are the names of few outcomes of
the process of automation and computerization in Indian banking sector
5
The Software Packages for Banking Applications in India had their beginnings in the middle
of 80s, when the Banks started computerizing the branches in a limited manner. The early 90s
saw the plummeting hardware prices and advent of cheap and inexpensive but high powered
PC’s and Services and banks went in for what was called Total Branch Automation (TBA)
packages. The middle and late 90s witnessed the tornado of financial reforms, deregulation
globalization etc. coupled with rapid revolution in communication technologies and evolution
of novel concept of convergence of communication technologies, like internet, mobile/cell
phones etc. Technology has continuously played on important role in the working of banking
institutions and the services provided by them. Safekeeping of public money, transfer of
money, issuing drafts, exploring investment opportunities and lending drafts, exploring
investment being provided. Information Technology enables sophisticated product
development, better market infrastructure, implementation of reliable techniques for control
of risks and helps the financial intermediaries to reach geographically distant and diversified
markets. Internet has significantly influenced delivery channels of the banks. Internet has
emerged as an important medium for delivery of banking products and services.
6
NEED OF THE STUDY
To start any business capital plays major role. Capital can be acquired in two ways by
issuing shares or by taking debt from financial institutions or borrowing money from financial
institutions. The owners of the company have to pay regular interest and principal amount at the
end.
Stock is ownership in a company, with each share of stock representing a tiny piece of
ownership. The more shares you own, the more of the company you own. The more shares you
own, the more dividends you earn when the company makes a profit. In the financial world,
ownership is called “Equity”.
Stock/shares play a major role in acquiring capital to the business in return investors
are paid dividends to the shares they own. The more shares you own the more dividends you
receive.
7
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the study is identified after and during the study is conducted. The
project is based on tools like fundamental analysis and ratio analysis. Further, the study is based
on information of last five years.
The analysis is made by taking into consideration three banks i.e. HDFC BANK
LIMITED, ICICI BANK and AXIS Banks.
The equity analysis of banking stocks study is carried out in Hyderabad office of
AXIS BANK in Hyderabad
The scope is limited to only the fundamental analysis of the chosen stocks.
8
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objective of this project is to deeply analyze our Banking Sector for investment
purpose by monitoring the growth rate and performance on the basis of historical data.
To study the overall growth of Indian Economy which is growing at a fast pace.
Comparative analysis of three main banks in the industry HDFC BANK LIMITED,
HDFC Bank and Axis Banks through fundamental analysis.
9
10
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Secondary research was conducted to review the present status of E Banking
1.5.1 Type of Research
Descriptive:
Descriptive research includes surveys and fact finding enquiries of kinds.
Fundamental:
The information and data for the research can be collected through primary and secondary
sources i.e. published articles, journals, newspapers, reports, books and websites. Data has
been collected from the websites of the Reserve Bank of India and also taken from various
committee reports submitted to Government of India on Financial Inclusion.
11
question. Pretesting a survey is an essential step in the questionnaire design process to
evaluate how people respond to the overall questionnaire and specific questions.
For many years, surveyors approached questionnaire design as an art, but substantial research
over the past thirty years has demonstrated that there is a lot of science involved in crafting a
good survey questionnaire. Here, we discuss the pitfalls and best practices of designing
questionnaires.
Sufficient care has been taken to select the sample respondents. For this purpose, simple
random sampling was used to select the respondents. The present study relied on primary
data collected through administering a structured Interview Schedule and Questionnaire.
12
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Information Technology (IT) is very powerful in today’s world, and financial institutions are
the backbone of the Indian economy. Indian Banking Industry today is in the midst of an IT
revolution. Nearly, all the nationalized banks in India are going for information technology-
based solutions. The application of IT in Banks has reduced the scope of traditional or
conventional banking with manual operations. Nowadays banks have moved from disbursed
to a centralized environment, which shows the impact of IT on banks. Banks are using new
tools and techniques to find out their customers need and offer them tailor made products and
services. The impact of automation in banking sector is difficult to measure.
A literature review is important due to the following reasons:
1) A literature review gives more knowledge about the area in which the research is
conducted
2) It helps to refine the research topic by determining the research gap.
3) It helps to avoid errors of duplication
4) It helps to identify the contribution that one’s research will make and also provides a
justification for the study.
5) It will help in understanding how already existing research findings have been presented in
that particular area.
6)Application of IT in banking
7) IT framework for Indian banking
8) Technological developments in cooperative banks
9) Indian banking sector: challenges and opportunities
The review has been conducted in the following manner:
1) First, several literature sources in the area of behavioral finance were identified and
studied.
2) The topic was then narrowed down upon as there were several discussions on the various
factors
3) Therefore, I decided to study all such factors and read more articles on this topic which
completed the literature review
Technological Development InThe Banking Sector
The technological development in the banking sector began with the use of Advanced Ledger
Posting Machines (ALPM) in the 1980s and nowadays banks are using core banking solution
(CBS) for providing better services to their customers. Over the years several studies have
13
been conducted both at the industry and academic level to examine the impact of IT on
banking productivity and profitability.
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN BANKING
Wave of technology in banking:
The technological development in banking can be traced as follows: -
1960 - Mechanized banking introduced.
1970 - Introduction of computer-based banking industry.
1980 - Introduction of computer-linked communication-based banking.
Advent of computer technology has created a major impact on working of banks.
Thecomputerization and subsequent development in history of Indian banks can be
tracedback to 1966 when Indian Bankers Association (IBA) along with exchange
banksAssociation signed first wage settlement with the union, which accounted for the use
ofIBM or ICT accounting machines for inter-branch reconciliation etc. As per the reports of
RBI the first wave in banking technology began with the use of Advanced Ledger Posting
Machines (ALPM) in the 1980s. The RBI advised all the banks to go in for huge
computerization at the branch level.
There were two options: Automate the front office or the back office. Many banks opted for
automating the front office. In the first phase, whereas banks like Hdfc bank limited also
concentrated on the back-office automation at the branch level. The Second wave of
development was Total Branch Automation (TBA) which came in late 1980s. This automated
both
Front-end and Back-end operations within the same branch. TBA comprised of total
automation of a particular branch with its own database. In the third wave, the new private
sector banks entered into the field of automation. These banks opted for different models of
having a single centralized database instead of having multiple databases for all their
branches. This was possible due to the availability of good network102infrastructure. Earlier,
banks were not confident of running the whole operation through single data center.
14
2.2ARTICLES
ARTICLE: 1
TITLE: Perceptions On Mobile Banking Offered By Indian Overseas Bank
AUTHOR: Palani and Yasodha P.
YEAR: (Apr 2012)
ABSTRACT:
The research paper is focused on customer’s perceptions on mobile banking offered by Indian
Overseas Bank and it also focuses on the various drivers that drive mobile banking
consumers.. The results of this study showed that gender, education and income of the
consumers play an important role in usage of mobile banking. Most of the researches are
focused on the acceptance of the mobile banking technology due to which not much research
has been conducted on people. The research reveals that if skills can be upgraded among the
consumers there will be greater willingness on the part of consumers toward the use of
Mobile banking. Some the factors like security trust, gender, education, religion, and price
can have minimal effect on consumer mindset towards Mobile banking compared to the other
factors.
15
ARTICLE: 2
TITLE: Factors Influencing The Adoption Intention Of Mobile Commerce
AUTHOR: Thakur, Rakhi; Srivastava, Mala.
YEAR :(2013)
ABSTRACT:
The paper studies the factors influencing the adoption intention of mobile commerce.
Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and social influence are found to be significant
dimensions of technology adoption readiness to use mobile commerce while facilitating
conditions were not found to be significant. The results of the research study also indicate the
perceived credibility risk defined by security risk and privacy risk are significantly associated
with behavioral intention in negative relation, which indicates that security and privacy
concerns are important in deterring customers from using mobile commerce. This research
study developed an integrated model for behavioral intention towards financial innovations.
Practical implications of this study is one of the few empirical studies which have
investigated the adoption of mobile commerce in India, which is considered one of the fastest
growing countries in terms of mobile usage. The study relates to inclusion of both utilitarian
and credibility aspect of adoption intention. It gives an empirical basis on which mobile and
banking companies can base their mobile payments marketing strategy.
.
16
ARTICLE: 3
TITLE: Mobile banking as a new channel to the existing banking channels
AUTHOR: Kalaiarasi, H &Srividya, V. 3.
YEAR : (Jul-Sep 2012)
ABSTRACT:
Mobile banking as a new channel to the existing banking channels provides convenient and
cost efficient banking services anytime anywhere. It is observed that, though India has strong
potential for mobile banking only 5% of mobile subscribers are registered users of mobile
banking. Attracting the new customers may not be easy than retaining the existing mobile
banking customers 2009). Hence the current research focuses on the factors influencing
actual usage of mobile banking services. The results shows that, Indians mobile banking
usage is influenced by ease of mobile banking technology, its suitability to the user’s lifestyle
and the benefits like mobility and mobile transactions. However customer’s perception
towards security of mobile transactions and privacy fears demotivates actual usage.
17
ARTICLE: 4
TITLE: Factors Influencing The Adoption Intention Of Mobile Commerce
AUTHOR: Laukkanen &Tommie.
YEAR : (2007).
ABSTRACT:
The aim of the paper is to explore and compare customer value perceptions in internet and
mobile banking. The results indicate that customer value perceptions in banking actions differ
between internet and mobile channels. The findings suggest that efficiency, convenience and
safety are salient in determining the differences in customer value perceptions between
internet and mobile banking. By understanding how and what kind of value different service
channels provide for customers service providers are better enabled to create actions to
enhance internet and mobile banking adoption. The contribution of the paper lies in achieving
a more profound understanding on consumer value perceptions to internet and mobile
banking.
18
ARTICLE: 5
TITLE: The Potential That Mobile Banking Provides For Both The Banks And The
Mobile Carriers.
AUTHOR: Goswami, Divakar; Raghavendran, Satish..
YEAR : (2009)
ABSTRACT:
The research is conducted to determine the potential that mobile banking provides for both
the banks and the mobile carriers. After the secondary research the report gives an insight
into the best-practices based on a critical evaluation of partnership models. Banks and mobile
carriers have tested these waters timidly, and many of the resulting offerings were expensive
to the banks and mobile carriers and less than enticing to their customers. This report weeds
out ineffective partnering models that companies stumble into on their way to developing
mobile-banking and identifies the keys to successful partnerships.
19
INDUSTRY PROFILE
A bank is a financial institution and a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and
channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly by loaning or indirectly through
capital markets. A bank connects customers that have capital deficits to customers with
capital surpluses.
Due to their influence within a financial system and an economy, banks are generally highly
regulated in most countries. Most banks operate under a system known as fractional reserve
banking where they hold only a small reserve of the funds deposited and lend out the rest for
profit. They are generally subject to minimum capital requirements which are based on an
international set of capital standards, known as the Basel Accords.
The oldest bank still in existence is Monte deiPaschi di Siena, headquartered in Siena, Italy,
which has been operating continuously since 1472. It is followed by Berenberg Bank of
Hamburg (1590) and SverigesRiksbank of Sweden (1668).
History
Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early
RenaissanceItaly, to the rich cities in the north like Florence, Venice and Sialkot Genoa. The
Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th century Florence, establishing
branches in many other parts of Europe. One of the most famous Italian banks was the
Medici Bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici in 1397. The earliest known state
deposit bank, Banco di San Giorgio (Bank of St. George), was founded in 1407 at Genoa,
Italy.
The word bank was borrowed in Middle English from Middle Frenchbanque, from Old
Italianbanca, from Old High Germanbanc, bank "bench, counter". Benches were used as
desks or exchange counters during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to make
their transactions atop desks covered by green tablecloths.
One of the oldest items found showing money-changing activity is a silver Greek drachm
coin from ancient Hellenic colony Trapezus on the Black Sea, modern Trabzon, c. 350–325
20
BC, presented in the British Museum in London. The coin shows a banker's table (trapeza)
laden with coins, a pun on the name of the city. In fact, even today in Modern Greek the word
Trapeza (Τράπεζα) means both a table and a bank.
Another possible origin of the word is from the Sanskrit words 'byaya' (expense) and 'onka'
(calculation) = byaya-onka. This word still survives in Bangla, which is one of Sanskrit's
child languages. ব্যায় + অঙ্ক = ব্যাঙ্ক . Such expense calculations were the biggest part of
mathematical treatises written by Indian mathematicians as early as 500 B.C.
21
COMPANY PROFILE
22
MANAGEMENT
The Managing Director, Mr. Aditya Puri, has been a professional banker for over 25 years,
and before joining HDFC Bank in 1994 was heading Citibank's operations in Malaysia.
23
PROPOSED OUTCOMES
In an industry plagued with skepticism and a stock market increasingly difficult to
predict and contend with, if one looks hard enough there may still be a genuine aid for the Day
Trader and Short Term Investor. Information technology in banking sector refers to the use of
tenable banks to offer better services to its customers in a secure, reliable and affordable manner
and sustain competitive advantage over other banks. The significance of technology is greatly felt
in the financial sector in view of the competitive advantage for banks resulting in the efficient
customer service. In the development of Indian Economy, Banking sector plays a very important
24
LIMITATIONS
Banks are not giving me all information about IT in banking sector and challenges.
They do not permit to meet any employees in their banks.
Fear factor - One of the biggest hurdles in online banking is preference to
conventional banking method by older generation and mostly people from the rural areas.
The fear of losing money in the online transaction is a barrier to usage of e-banking.
Training - Lack of adequate knowledge and skills is a major deterrent for employees
to deal with the innovative and changing technologies in banks.
Training at all levels on the changing trends in IT is the requirement of the day for
the banks.
25
CHAPTERISATION
CHAPTER -1 - INTRODUCTION
This chapter includes the introduction of the topic, need, scope, objectives of the study,
Project limitations and methodology of the study.
26
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Reports
Ahmad, K., “Bankers’ perception of electronic banking in Pakistan”, Journal of internet
banking and commerce, April 2008
Aladwani, A.M., “Online banking:A field study of drivers, development challenges And
expectations”, International Journal of information Management .
Agboola A. A ., “Electronic payment systems and Tele banking Services in Nigeria”,
Journal of Internet Banking and commerce
Eyadat, M. and Kozak, S., “The role of Information Technology in the profit and cost
efficiency improvements of the banking sector”, Journal of Academy of Business and
Economics,
WEBSITES
www.banknetindia.com
www.bharatbook.com
http://www.banknetindia.com/
https://www.bankingfinance.in
www.hdfcbank.com
27