Professional Documents
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Sentence Building
Sentence Building
1. S V(vi)
2. S V SC
(be) am, is, are, was, were
(변화) become, get, grow, She is the
come, go, turn, fall, head teacher
run, make of this
(판단) seem appear school.
(감각) look, feel, smell, taste, She has grown older because of her
sound problems.
John seems astonished because of the test
result.
Christy feels good after a long rest.
verb + to-inf
want, hope, wish, desire,
expect, decide, determine,
3. resolve, choose, mean, S V(vt) DO (noun / pronoun /
promise, agree, consent, gerund / to-infinitive)
refuse, pretend, afford,
manage, fail
Sentence Pattern Exercise: Determine the sentence pattern for each sentence in the article.
Bi Rain - Biography
star he is today.
for Park Ji Yoon, another hit Korean singer. However, after Rain completed his first solo album titled
Bad Guy, the public saw Rain as a singer and a dancer. After his first solo album, Rain enjoyed
recording two other hit albums titled How to Avoid the Sun and It's Raining. Both albums made him
very popular. In September 2006, Rain went on to release another hit Korean album, Rain's World,
which featured two other hit singles, I'm Coming (feat. Tablo of Epik High) and In My Bed. After
becoming a success in Korea, Rain moved his success to Japan, releasing the single titled Sad
While releasing all of his hit albums and singles, Rain made himself shine as an actor through dramas
like Orange, Sang Doo! Let's Go to School. In 2004, He got his fans love him more in another korean
drama entitled Full House, which became a huge hit. The year after, Rain starred in a more emotional
drama, A Love to Kill. While excelling in almost all aspects of the entertainment world, Rain has won
many awards for his singing and acting. Many people all over the world elected his as People
Magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People and Time Magazine's 100 Most Influential People Who Shape
the World. In 2007, Rain topped Time Magazine's online pole but did not make the actual list. Rain
proceeded Stephan Colbert, a comedian, actor, and writer in the online pole. As a "response" for not
being number one, Colbert made a parody of Rain's hit song Ways to Avoid the Sun.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
Crystal could hear her sister snoring across the room. (adverb phrase)
o Snoring where? across the room.
The pile of books under the staircase got wet during the
flood. (adjective phrase)
o Which pile of books? The pile of books under the
staircase.
shaped rock known as the "Lunar Soul" was found next to one of the
Because of this, Sakamoto is led to believe that the Hureisenjin were attempting to steal the Lunar
Soul during the incident. His investigation of the crime led him to a revelation of a temple stone that
has the ability to time-travel and eventually made him learn the alteration of history. Sakamoto then
joined the Hureisenjin, which helped him to go back to the year 1909. Sakamoto found himself in a
railway station where the assassination of Resident-General Itō is supposed to occur. The film ends
in the year 2009 at the Independence Hall of Korea, where a photo of Sakamoto is seen among the
6. Korean men are obliged to serve the army ____________________ so that they can become
men _____________________________.
10. Baek Ji-young, who is famous a singer _____________________ made a come back with a
song ______________.
Prepositional Phrase Exercise: Write a paragraph about the first time you admire someone.
Make sure to use all the 5 sentence patterns with prepositional phrase(s).
Graphic Organizer
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BUILDING SENTENCES
Independent Clause:
Dependent clause:
has a subject and a verb but does not make a complete sense on its own.
begins with a telltale sign such as relative pronouns and subordinating conjunctions.
1. Adjective clause is a dependent clause which functions as an adjective,
answering questions like "which?" or "what kind of?".
3. Noun clause is an entire clause which takes the place of a noun in another clause
or phrase. Like a noun, a noun clause acts as the subject or object of a verb or
the object of a preposition, answering the questions "who(m)?" or "what?".
Usually noun clauses begin with that, what, where, when, who, whom, which,
whose, how, why, whether, etc.
Clause Exercise: In each blank, write a dependent or an independent clause that could
complete the sentence.
Clause Exercise: Write a short story about the poem below. Modify your sentences using
prepositional phrases and at least 3 of each dependent clause.
THE LOOK
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Outline
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REDUCED CLAUSES
is a common feature of written English. They are not much used in spoken language.
Adverb Clause can only be reduced only when the subject of the Adverb Clause and the
subject of the Main Clause are the same:
1. Omit the Subject of the clause and the “BE” form of the verb:
While I was watching TV, I fell asleep.
While watching TV, I fell asleep.
2. If there is no " BE " , omit the subject and change the verb to " -ing " form :
After I signed the report, I gave it to the director.
After signing the report, I gave it to the director.
Careful writers put modifiers as close as
possible to the words they modify. Study
3. Two actions happening at the same time:
Janet was sitting in an armchair and reading a book. the following examples to see when
Janet was sitting in an armchair reading a book. modifiers are misplaced or dangling.
Misplaced Modifiers:
4. One action happens during another action :
David was watching TV while she fell asleep. A man fell over a rock running in a race.
David fell asleep watching TV.
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Reduced Clause Exercise: Rewrite the following sentences to make them shorter.
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2. Cyclist who was found guilty of cheating was banned for life.
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3. Competitors who are selected when they are young stand a greater chance of being successful.
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4. The stadium which is being built for the event is already an architectural talking point.
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6. Having been raised in a luxurious life, the army life almost killed him.
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7. Thinking of how their lives would be together, the vicar announced them husband and wife.
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10. Looking through the binoculars, the distant eagle seemed to be preparing to swoop on its prey.
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Reduced Clause Exercise: Write about the most unforgettable experience you have had as a
child. Use at least 10 reduced clauses.
Graphic Organizer
Your Thesis Statement
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2. Compound Sentence
It consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating
conjunction or by a semicolon. (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet)
Our Heavenly Father wants husbands and wives to be faithful to each other and to esteem
and treat their children as a heritage from the Lord, so family should study the scriptures
and pray together.
3. Complex Sentence
It consists of one independent clause and one or more subordinate clause.
Eternal life is a conditional gift which has been established by the Lord, who told us that if
we keep his commandments and endure to the end, we shall have eternal life, which gift is
the greatest of all the gifts of God.
When he realized that he was being taught by an Apostle of the Lord, he was deeply
moved.
Although the internet connection was very unbearable, they were able to conclude their
conversation well.
4. Compound-Complex Sentence
It consists of two or more independent and one or more subordinate clauses.
A husband is to love his wife, a wife is to love her husband, and parents and children are to
love one another in a home which is God’s laboratory of love and service.
Women should find some time for themselves to cultivate their gifts and interests, so they
should pick one or two things that they would like to learn or do that will enrich their lives.
Sentence Structure Exercise: Expand each sentence using prepositional phrase(s) and the
structure required in each number.
Sentence Structure Exercise: Rewrite each paragraph below to eliminate the choppy effect
of too many simple sentences. First, read the sentences aloud to determine the
relationship between them. Then reduce the number of simple sentences by combining
some into compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences.
On Monday nothing seemed right. On Friday Archie was pleased with his life. He had called
his mother. His mother had been feeling sick. On the phone she sounded chipper. Archie felt
relieved. He decided to go camping in the mountains. His friend had a cabin there. He would
fish all weekend. He would be alone. He liked being alone. The weekend would cost little. He
would only have to buy groceries for himself. He had enough money. He had just gotten a
paycheck. He would wear old clothes. He would lounge by the river. He would sleep late.
There would be no alarm clock. Nobody would bother him. Archie thought, “Everything turns
out for the best.”
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Most college students juggle the hours in their day. They play sports and go to parties. Many
also have jobs. They try to include serving on committees. They perform volunteer work. They
go to lectures. The many options do evoke a great deal of anxiety. The choices are unlimited.
Students feel pressured to get good grades. They feel pressured to experience life fully. They
have to decide how much time they can spare outside of class and work for general
enrichment. That decision is not always easy to make.
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Sentence Structure Exercise: Make a list of 10-15 things that happened to you today- big or
small. Choose the most boring one as your starting point. Now write a few paragraphs about
that things you did, making it sound overly dramatic. Make sure to use all the sentence
structures.
(Ex. Swallowed up by the thoughts of a busy weekend that had gone by, I turned on the old
laptop which made a whooshing sound loud enough to deafen the silence of the office in an
early Monday morning.)
Graphic Organizer
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DIFFERENT WAYS TO BEGIN SENTENCES
Subject/Verb Sightseers visited the Great Pyramid.
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Adjectives Worn-out and exhausted, Jason finished the last page of
his homework.
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Prepositional Phrase In the midst of a crowded room, John plunged himself
into his studies.
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Participial Phrase Gripping her pen tightly, she summoned all her
strength to control herself from slapping the man who
humiliated her.
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Infinitive Phrase To finish his school project, Isaac hired a tutor.
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Subject with Apposite Phrase No Mu-Hyeon, a self-made man, was the 16th president
of Korea.
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Adverb Clause Before the tide was at its ebb, we returned the rowboats
to the boathose.
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One-word Transition Eventually, Isaac found the woman he had long been
waiting for.
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Transitional Phrase As a result, Christy had perfected her dance steps and
made it to the finals.
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Inverted Order Within the cloud of galactic dust appeared three huge
asteroids.
Different Sentence Openers Exercise: Using different sentence openers, rewrite the beginning
of each sentence below.
1. They felt that they could not leave the place until they had fulfilled their obligations.
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5. Antique jewelry and furniture are smart investments because they appreciate in value rather
than depreciate.
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Sentence Openers Exercise: Write about Koreans pop-culture on blood type. Use the different
types of sentence openers.
Graphic Organizer
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